FUNDACIÓN FONDO ECUATORIANO DE DESARROLLO SUSTENTABLE (F.E.D.) CORPORATE EXPERIENCE WITH INDIGENOUS NATIONALITIES IN ECUADOR GENERAL BACKGROUND: "Foundation FED" FONDO ECUATORIANO DE DESARROLLO SUSTENTABLE ", has been developing to date processes for quality certification in the exploitation of non-renewable resources with social, environmental and business responsibility, is a non-profit entity, under private civil law, protected by Ecuadorian laws, created by free and voluntary association, by persons without any legal impediment to associate and act in reference to its Statutes, which were approved by the Ministry of the Environment of Ecuador, with Ministerial agreement 045 dated April 24, 2002. For doing so, FED Foundation, for its operations inside and outside the country, is associated with several related entities, among others: Carbon Innovations Ltd which in turn has an alliance with Tricorona, with Genesis Global LLC, PACT INC and the Hale & Dorr Law Firm, Terra Carbon LLC, 33 Asset Management, ICONTEC, Terra Global Capital, Austrian- Israeli Chamber of Commerce, Nova Scotia, Zafiro Business Group, Forrest Bird Society, Global Environmental Alliance, Equitable Origin, as partners with those who develop and represent it. GENERAL BACKGROUND: Most of its work has been developed with indigenous nationalities or in the territory of such nationalities. Native Ecuadorians, are the groups of people who were present in what became Ecuador when Europeans arrived, 7% of Ecuador's population is of indigenous heritage. FED’s has worked virtually with all the indigenous nationalities and groups, and also in almost in all Ecuadorian continental territory. It has worked with human settlements in the provinces of Zamora, Napo, Pastaza, Sucumbíos, and Orellana. However, it also worked with indigenous people located in the Sierra and in the Coast. CORPORATE EXPERIENCE WITH INDIGENOUS NATIONALITIES IN THE ECUADORIAN COAST REGION PROVINCES TECHNICAL INTERVENTION COAST Awá Carchi, Esmeraldas, Imbabura Life Plans Chachi Esmeraldas Environmental Services Appraisals Epera Esmeraldas Miscellaneous Projects or Proposals Tsa'chila Pichincha Miscellaneous Projects or Proposals Manta - Huancavilca Manabí, Guayas - Puná Miscellaneous Projects or Proposals CORPORATE EXPERIENCE WITH INDIGENOUS NATIONALITIES IN THE ECUADORIAN AMAZONIA REGION PROVINCES TECHNICAL INTERVENTION AMAZONIA Environmental Services Appraisals and A'I Cofán Sucumbíos Forest Management Plans. Secoya Sucumbíos Redd + Proposals Siona Sucumbíos Miscellaneous Projects or Proposals Environmental Services Appraisals and Huaorani Orellana, Pastaza, Napo Forest Management Plans. Shiwiar Pastaza Redd + Proposals Environmental Services Appraisals and Zápara Pastaza Forest Management Plans. Achuar Pastaza, Morona Miscellaneous Projects or Proposals Morona, Zamora, Pastaza, Shuar Napo, Orellana, Sucumbíos, Environmental Services Appraisals and Guayas, Esmeraldas. Forest Management Plans. Reed+ Proposals and School of Sucumbios, Orellana, Napo y Kichwa Amazonia Pastaza Government and Resource Management Proposals. CORPORATE EXPERIENCE WITH INDIGENOUS NATIONALITIES IN THE ECUADORIAN SIERRA REGION PROVINCES TECHNICAL INTERVENTION SIERRA Karanki Imbabura Development Plans Comprehensive Care Programs for Natabuela Imbabura Women and the Family Comprehensive Care Programs for Otavalo Imbabura Women and the Family Comprehensive Care Programs for Kayambi Pichincha, Imbabura, Napo Women and the Family Kitukara Pichincha Miscellaneous Projects Panzaleo Cotopaxi Miscellaneous Projects or Proposals Chibuleo Tungurahua Miscellaneous Projects or Proposals Salasaca Tungurahua Miscellaneous Projects or Proposals Kichwa Tungurahua Tungurahua Miscellaneous Projects or Proposals Waranca Bolívar Miscellaneous Projects or Proposals Miscellaneous Projects or Proposals Puruhá Chimborazo Miscellaneous Projects or Proposals Kañari Azuay, Cañar Miscellaneous Projects or Proposals Saraguro Loja, Zamora Atención integral a la mujer y familia As a quick reference of the main characteristics of the Indigenous Communities and Nationalities with which FED Foundation has collaborated and developed joint efforts and projects during its corporative life, we could mention the following: The Awá, are an ancient indigenous people of They practice a form of agriculture called "slash Ecuador and Colombia. They primarily inhabit the and mulch," which involves clearing small parcels of provinces of Carchi and Sucumbios in northern land (about 1.25 to 5 acres) and leaving the fallen Ecuador and southern Colombia, particularly the plants and trees to decay. Within days the departments of Nariño and Putumayo. Their vegetation turns to a layer of humus, favorable for population is around 32,555. They speak a planting. These parcels are cultivated for two or language called Awa Pit. three seasons, then left fallow for periods of over seven years. They practice intercropping and grow Reserve: The Awa Reserve was established in many different varieties of manioc and plantains. northwestern Ecuador in 1987. The reserve combines indigenous and forestry legislature, so They also grow corn, Colocasia, Xanthosoma, that the Awa people could manage the forest and beans, sugarcane, hot peppers, chirimoya, tomato, their own lands. This reserve is in the Chocoanos tamarind, mango, achiote, borojo, naranjilla, Forest within the Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena papaya, inga, avocado, peach palm, and other region, one of the most biodiverse places on the useful plants. The trees outlive the annual plants planet, however logging and mining interests are and foster regrowth while the plots are left fallow. illegally active in the reserve. Awa hunt game such as the Central American The Awa traditionally hunt, gather, fish, and Agouti, paca, collared peccary, brocket deer, cultivate plants. Today, they also farm livestock, iguana, and several birds. Hunting is regulated on such as chickens, ducks, guinea pigs, and pigs. Awa land. Chachi people are an ethnic group who live According to Chachi oral tradition, they in the rainforest area of northwestern originated in Imbabura Province in the Esmeraldas on the northern coast of Ecuador. mountains near Ibarra, fleeing after the They live by the Cayapas River in the Centro Castilian invasion and spent time in El Encanto, a section of the Cotacachi Chimborazo. They were forced to settle in the Cayapas Ecological Reserve, as do Afro area after the Spanish conquest of Ibarra, Ecuadorian people; the two groups have co- which led them to move to Esmeraldas. existed in the forest for about 400 years. There are approximately 5,000 people. The Cofan (endonym: A’i) people are an An oil industry waste water dumping pit was dug in indigenous people native to Sucumbíos Province the Sucumbíos Province of Ecuador's Amazon in northeast Ecuador and to southern Colombia, 2005 to the locals' disgust. Later in 2009, they filed a between the Guamués River (a tributary of the class-action legal suit in Ecuador against the oil Putumayo River) and the Aguaricó River (a tributary company Texaco, which had been bought out by of the Napo River). Their population is now only Chevron in 2001. They legal claim is that, between about 2,100 people, down from approximately 1964 and 1990, Texaco dumped 18,000,000 gallons 15,000 in the mid-16th century, when the Spanish of post-drilling wastewater into the rainforest crushed their ancient civilization, of which there are around the north western town of Lago Agrio, still some archeological remains. They speak the heavily contaminating the land and threatening Cofán language or A'ingae. the health of up to 30,000 Amerindians and local peasants who live there. Cases of cancer had The ancestral land, community health and social increased dramatically in the region since oil drilling cohesion of Cofan communities in Ecuador has began. The Cofan are entitled to live in and patrol been severely damaged by several decades of oil the 195-square-mile (510 km2) Cofan Bermejo drilling. However, reorganization, campaigning for Ecological Reserve (Reserva Ecológica Cofán land rights, and direct action against encroaching Bermejo), which was created on January 30, 2002. oil installations have provided a modicum of The Cofan are presently in control of almost 4,000 stability. Major settlements include Sinangué, square kilometres (1,000,000 acres) of rain forest. Dovuno, Dureno and Zábalo, the latter of which has Although this may seem like a lot, it is only a fraction retained a much more extensive land base. The of the more than 30,000 km² originally belonging to Cofán are an ancient civilization of Chibchan their former nation. people and have lived in the region for many centuries. Siona People: Ecuador is recognized The Siona’s tradition and culture has been internationally for its biodiversity, but did you heavily impacted by the introduction of the know, Ecuador also boasts its diverse outer world. Before, the Siona relied on hunting, nationalities? Ecuador has over a dozen fishing, and farming for survival, but now, their nationalities located in its Coast, Andes, and lands have been polluted and forever Amazon. The Siona Nationality was once paired damaged extractive resources practices and with the Secoya Nationality, and was once foot print. Fortunately, they have been able to known as Secoya-Siona, however, in recent conserve several aspects of their ancient decades, the Siona have independentized itself culture. They are well known for their knowledge completely from the Secoya. of medicinal plants,