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PK200-Mary Mortimer Libraryspeak a Glossary of Terms in Librarianship

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PK200-Mary Mortimer Libraryspeak a Glossary of Terms in Librarianship Link to Table of Contents LIBRARYSPEAK First North American Edition A Glossary of Terms in Librarianship and Information Management Compiled by: Mary Mortimer TotalRecall Publications, Inc. TotalRecall Publications, Inc. First North American Edition Copyright © 2007 Based on previous Australasian editions Copyright © by DocMatrix Pty Ltd. All rights reserved. First Published 1997, Copyright © DocMatrix Pty Ltd, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2004, 2007. Copyright © 2007 published simultaneously by TotalRecall Publications, Inc. in the United States of America, Canada, England and other countries around the world except the Pacific Rim. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical or by photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978‐1‐59095‐810‐0 UPC: 6‐43977‐85010‐2 REPRINTED UNDER SPECIAL ARRANGEMENT WITH PUBLISHER BY TOTALRECALL PUBLICATIONS, Inc. 1103 Middlecreek, Friendswood, Texas, 77546 Telephone (281)‐992‐3131 Fax (281) 482‐5390 eMail [email protected] Some or all of this publication is subject to an exclusive publishing license in Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea and Hong Kong. The holder of that license reserves all its rights. Importing this publication into any of those countries may infringe those exclusive rights, placing the importer at risk of an infringement claim. Importers are recommended to seek independent legal advice to determine if importation of publications into those countries, including by way of international sale, infringe those rights. Disclaimer Notice: Judgments as to the suitability of the information herein for purchaser’s purposes are necessarily the purchaser’s responsibility. TotalRecall Publications, Inc. and DocMatrix Pty Ltd. extend no warranties, make no representations, and assume no responsibility as to the accuracy or suitability of such information for application to the purchaser’s intended purposes or for consequences of its use. Dedication LibrarySpeak is dedicated to every librarian and every library studies student who struggles to combine the traditional language of librarianship and the new language of information technology. Mary Mortimer About the Author Mary Mortimer is a professional librarian who has worked in libraries in almost every capacity. She now publishes workbooks to help library technicians and librarians to develop the practical skills they need in the workplace, and she organizes in service training for library technicians. She has studied and now works in Information Technology, to keep abreast of the increasingly hi‐tech requirements of librarianship. Since her professional education in the Universities of Sydney and New South Wales, Mary has worked in libraries in Australia, Papua New Guinea and Britain in many capacities. She has lectured in librarianship in Australia, Papua New Guinea, Vietnam, Brunei and Malaysia. Her books have also been modified for libraries in Southeast Asia, South America and North America.. She came to realize that two technical languages are now spoken in most libraries. For a library to operate smoothly and efficiently, librarians need to understand the language of information technology, while IT specialists need to learn the language of librarianship. About the Book This is a reference book which should be in the hands of every library student (professional and paraprofessional) and every library and library classroom should have at least one copy. Librarians now need to understand the terms used by the Information Technology specialists who work in Libraries; and IT specialists need to learn the technical terms used by librarians. LibrarySpeak provides simple definitions for all the terms required for each group of library workers to understand the others. Comprehensive definitions can be found in other sources, but LibrarySpeak provides an accessible and convenient quick reference. Table of Contents Introduction ------------------------------------------------------------ IV How to Use LibrarySpeak ---------------------------------------------- V [A]-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 [B]------------------------------------------------------------------------ 21 [C]------------------------------------------------------------------------ 34 [D] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 64 [E]------------------------------------------------------------------------ 77 [F]------------------------------------------------------------------------ 86 [G] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 95 [H] ----------------------------------------------------------------------100 [I] -----------------------------------------------------------------------105 [J] -----------------------------------------------------------------------120 [K] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 123 [L]----------------------------------------------------------------------- 125 [M] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 139 [N] ----------------------------------------------------------------------150 [O] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 159 [P]----------------------------------------------------------------------- 165 [Q] ----------------------------------------------------------------------180 [R] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 181 [S]-----------------------------------------------------------------------192 [T]-----------------------------------------------------------------------210 [U] ----------------------------------------------------------------------216 [V]----------------------------------------------------------------------- 221 [W]----------------------------------------------------------------------224 [X] --------------------------------------------------------------------- 230 [Y]----------------------------------------------------------------------- 231 [Z]-----------------------------------------------------------------------232 Bibliography -----------------------------------------------------------234 Feedback Please -------------------------------------------------------235 Library Education Series -------------------------------------------- 238 TotalRecall Publications, inc. --------------------------------------- 238 Introduction Librarianship is one of many areas of work in which everyday exchanges include technical language, acronyms and abbreviations. Students in library courses and new library staff daily encounter new terms, references and acronyms, with which they need to become familiar quickly and easily. As the scope of librarianship continues to expand at an ever increasing rate, even “old hands” frequently encounter new terms. Dictionaries of library science and information management do not always include the growing volume of Internet terms. They also tend to be large and expensive, and not sufficiently tailored to the needs of students or new staff. LibrarySpeak contains terms used in libraries, especially in North America. This includes an increasing emphasis on computers and the Internet. New technical language, especially on and about the Internet, appears every day, and terms alter in their usage almost as often. To keep completely up‐to‐date, you need to read some of the latest subject literature—in journals and newspapers—as it is published. LibrarySpeak includes URLs for sites on the Internet. They all exist at the time of writing. As all Internet users know, there are few guarantees that any of them (other than PURLs) will still be there tomorrow, and I accept no responsibility for them. I have found the Net the fastest and easiest way to update information, especially about organizations, and think that you may use it in the same way. I hope that users will adopt LibrarySpeak as an invaluable resource, and assist me to keep it relevant and up‐to‐date. Please make suggestions, and especially alert me to new terms, regional acronyms and local or specialized usage. Mary Mortimer 30 October 2006 How to Use LibrarySpeak Terms in LibrarySpeak are arranged in letter‐by‐letter alphabetical order. Many terms are spelt variously as a whole word, a hyphenated word or two words. Letter‐by‐letter arrangement does not change the order of the terms, whichever form you are looking for. For example end matter endnote end papers appear in this order, whether the terms are spelt as one word or two. Many terms have both an acronym and a full name. For most of these, reference is made from the initials to the full form. However, where the initials are more commonly used—e.g., HTML, MARC—the definition is given for the initials, and a See reference is made from the full name. All initials are written without spaces or periods. This may not be the practice of some organizations, but there are variant spacing in many terms, so it seems practical to standardize to one format. Some related terms are referred to by using Cf. For example, different types of computer can be contrasted by looking up each of the other types referred to in: mainframe A large computer system able to support many terminals that do not have independent processing capability. Cf microcomputer, minicomputer, supercomputer [A] AA See Affiliate Assembly AACR See Anglo‐American Cataloging Rules AACR2
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