Trade Unions As Actors of Development Education and Awareness Raising for Global Solidarity © TUDCN 2016 8

The involvement of trade unions in development cooperation has been going on for many decades and is now recog- nised and increasingly known, but it is only recently that trade unions have been acknowledged as actors in develop- Trade unions as actors of development education ment in their own right. A less known façade of trade union work is that of Development Education and Awareness Raising (DEAR). and awareness raising for global solidarity

Trade unions understand DEAR to be a form of engagement with citizens and workers in order to educate and raise awareness of the realities in partner countries, and to put forward common responses to common problems, through increased international solidarity.

Trade Union Development Cooperation Network c/o International Trade Union Confederation Boulevard du Roi Albert II, 5, Bte 1, 1210 Brussels, Belgium [email protected] - www.ituc-csi.org/development-cooperation Twitter: @TUDCN_RSCD - Facebook: /TUDCN.RSCD

This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the ITUC and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union. Contents

Foreword 3

The Trade Union Development Cooperation Network (TUDCN) 4

Representativeness and outreach of trade unions in DEAR 5

Decent work at the core of trade union DEAR work 6

The role of trade unions in DEAR with respect to Agenda 2030 7

AREAS OF DEAR ACTION FOR TRADE UNIONS 8

1. Decent Work and the Decent Work Agenda 8

2. Global value chains 10

3. Climate justice 12

4. Migration and development 13

5. Global solidarity and awareness 14

6. Modern slavery and forced labour 16

7. Outreach tools to the broader labour movement 18 Trade unions as actors of development education and awareness raising for global solidarity © TUDCN 2016 8. Development education at school 22 Written and edited by Diego López González and Joan Lanfranco, TUDCN-ITUC TUDCN members involved in DEAR activities 26 Proofreading: Michael Balfe, ITUC Design: MURIEL sprl

2 Foreword

Workers’ education has been at the core of trade union efforts since their creation, and awareness raising has always been one of the key actions of trade unions in the form of organising, campaigning, etc. DEAR interventions have therefore been going on for many decades within trade unions, in the context of international solidarity actions ranging from advocating labour rights across the world to uniting workers, but also promoting public mobilisation on political causes, such as dictatorships and the South African apartheid, among others. This work has been evolving towards more elaborate forms of DEAR actions and programmes showing deep commitment from trade unions in the subject. Trade unions understand DEAR to be a form of engagement to increase Trade unions understand DEAR to be a form of engagement to increase in- international solidarity ternational solidarity. Unions educate and raise awareness vis-à-vis citizens and workers on the realities in developing countries to put forward common responses to common problems.

This leaflet puts forward the role and added value that trade unions have in DEAR as well as the different areas of expertise, showcasing specific examples for each area.

Paola Simonetti Coordinator, TUDCN

3 The Trade Union Unions and workers’ organisations, as mem- The Trade Union Development Cooperation Development bership-based organisations that cut across Network (TUDCN) is an initiative of the Inter- Cooperation gender, ethnic, and religious lines, help coun- national Trade Union Confederation (ITUC), Network (TUDCN) ter economic and social exclusion and fiscal bringing together affiliated trade union - or injustice by providing a vehicle for vulner- ganisations, solidarity support organisations, able workers, including women, informal, mi- regional ITUC organisations, the Global Union >> Trade unions are among the strong- grant, and domestic workers, to advocate on Federations (GUFs), the European Trade Union est actors in development cooperation to their own behalf. Confederation (ETUC) and the Trade Union help bring the world’s people out of pov- Advisory Committee to the OECD (TUAC). erty, to end inequality, and to foment, Workers’ organisations proactively build build, and sustain democracy. Through unity and common cause among workers TUDCN’s objective is to bring the trade un- negotiation and bargaining on issues in- as they negotiate agreements that ion perspective to the international devel- cluding health and safety regulations, social address the diverse needs of opment policy debates and improve protection, wages, protection against dis- the workforce that makes the coordination and effectiveness crimination, unions directly fight inequali- up their membership. of trade union development co- ties helping redistribution. Through social dia- operation activities. TUDCN gives an added logue, trade unions value to DEAR, bringing help in fostering together trade unions Global networks, such as the socio-economic de- from the Global North TUDCN, which coordinate and velopment, as well and Global South manage synergies in advocacy as, democratic own- and mutual learning, have a spe- ership and participa- cial added value in DEAR work, es- tion. Further, as an organ- pecially as they involve actors from the ised part of civil society that Global North and from the Global South for enables workers to collectively participate peer exchanges and common actions. in public governance, unions help open space for other civil society organisations to To know more about TUDCN, visit operate and thrive. www.ituc-csi.org/development-cooperation

4 Representativeness Trade unions are representative organi- ment in global solidarity and outreach sations and put forward DEAR issues at among workers from the Trade unions are of trade unions the workplace. This gives trade unions a EU and from partner involved in international in DEAR unique role. Given the presence of unions countries contributes solidarity among at the workplace, they can carry out a very to developing a com- workers worldwide unique role in awareness raising. On the one mon sense of global and promote global >> Trade unions are membership-based hand the everyday link with workers gives responsibility for de- responsibility for organisations that can reach out them a specific role that cannot be rep- velopment and to pro- development to millions of affiliated work- licated by other organisations. On moting the integration of ing people. The European Trade unions are the other hand, their participa- global perspectives. This is put Trade Union Confederation representative tion in workers’ councils and forward in their interlocution role in interna- (ETUC) in Europe has 88 af- organisations and put dialogue structures at the tional fora where they advocate for the rights filiated national organisa- forward DEAR issues at workplace create an environ- of workers and for a just and sustainable world. tions in 37 countries. The the workplace ment in which they can bring International Trade Union development-related issues to These international fora include amongst others: The Confederation (ITUC) has the forefront. This type of public is United Nations, the Organisation for Economic Coopera- 328 affiliated national organisa- one which is not usually targeted by oth- tion and Development, the European Union, the G20, tions in 162 countries worldwide and er civil society organisations and is therefore the World Trade Organisation, the World Bank, the In- a total membership of 176 million workers. usually not directly acquainted with ternational Monetary Fund, etc. This makes trade unions one of the largest development work. and most representative of civil society or- Their diversity in size, influence, ganisations. As such they can reach millions Trade unions are in- Trade unions are experience and relations (with of affiliates in Europe and worldwide through volved in internation- membership-based governments and other stake- internal communication channels. al solidarity among organisations that holders) from country to coun- workers worldwide can reach out to millions try make the DEAR approach The strong outreach of trade unions is not and promote global of affiliated to peer learning especially only due to their membership, but also to responsibility for de- working people significant for the trade union the very nature of trade union work. velopment. Their involve- movement.

5 Decent work at International Framework Agreements are the core of trade formal agreements between multinational union DEAR work enterprises and international trade union organisations. They are negotiated agreements and their content can vary around regulating >> Decent work is one of the key global labour relations. They involve the issues at the core of trade union DEAR recognition by a company work. The decent work agenda is composed of an international trade of four pillars: job creation, rights at work, union organisation as a Decent work is especially social protection and social dialogue. social partner. relevant to raise awareness and a critical understanding Given the role of supply chains, decent work Decent work and the of the interdependent is especially relevant to raise awareness and decent work agenda world and of roles and a critical understanding of the interdepend- are specifically men- responsibilities in relation to ent world and of roles and responsibilities tioned in develop- development issues in in relation to development issues in a glo- ment policies of inter- a globalised society balised society. The promotion of Interna- national organisations tional Framework Agreements is a good such as the European Union, example of this. It is therefore of great im- the Global Partnership for Effec- portance for the engagement of citizens in tive Development Cooperation, the Unit- attempts to eradicate poverty, promote jus- ed Nations, the Organization for Economic tice, human rights, social responsibility and Cooperation and Development, etc. And sustainable development, as it is an essen- are especially relevant and cross-cutting to tial part of a rights-based approach. many of the Goals of Agenda 2030.

6 The role of trade tion in the United Nations Sustainable De- unions in DEAR velopment Summit in September 2015. The with respect to universality of Agenda 2030 will also require, Agenda 2030 for its dissemination and monitoring, the involvement of trade unions form the North and South. In this respect trade unions will play a >> Trade unions from the Global North crucial role for the achievement of many of the and the Global South have been involved, Sustainable Development Goals and will lead through the TUDCN, in the process to- advocacy campaigns within the EU and world- wards the adoption of Agenda 2030, since wide to raise awareness on the importance of its conception in the Open Working Group of monitoring its implementation. Sustainable Development Goals to its adop-

Trade unions were actively involved in advocacy about the implementation of the decent work provisions of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

A campaign by Spanish trade union UGT taught primary and secondary school students about the challenges of the MDGs. It included a series of four books – “Looking for the MDGs” – that through games and stories presented the problems to be tack- led by the MDGs. It also featured training sessions for professors on how to introduce MDGs’ awareness in their curricula.

7 Areas of dear >> Decent work has been defined by the action for International Labour Organization (ILO) The four pillars of the ILO’s Decent Work trade unions and endorsed by the international com- Agenda are: munity as being productive work for women and men in conditions of free- ❚ Rights at work: ILO standards, 1 Decent Work and dom, equity, security and human dignity. core conventions the Decent Work Agenda Decent work involves opportunities for ❚ Employment creation work that is productive and delivers a fair ❚ Enhancement of social protection income; provides security in the workplace ❚ Strengthening of social dialogue and social protection for workers and their families; offers better prospects for - per sonal development and encourages social Only rights can ensure people are sustainably integration; gives people the freedom to lifted out of poverty. This is why trade unions express their concerns, to organise and put decent work at the centre of their devel- to participate in decisions that affect their opment strategies, advocating for jobs with lives; and guarantees equal opportunities labour rights to empower workers, living and equal treatment for all. wages to guarantee the livelihood of workers

8 and their families, social security and social WDDW is an exercise of global solidar- protection, and democratic representation ity awareness, as well as an action that takes and participation through social dialogue. place simultaneously around the world, in places where workers’ rights are respected – Trade union awareness campaigns also pro- or not respected at all. Activities in the frame- mote the pillars of decent work, informing work of WDDW raise awareness on working Rights alone can how these are in place or not in developing conditions in other parts of the globe and ensure people are countries. For example, trade unions all over demand action from national governments sustainably lifted the world celebrate each year on the 7th and multinational companies to respect basic out of poverty of October the World Day for Decent Work labour rights throughout the supply chains. (WDDW), with activities ranging from conferences, mobilisations, media appearances, See a full list of activities organised on 2015 rallies, flash mobs and online and offline WDDW: http://2015.wddw.org/ campaigns.

9 >> We live in a globalised economy, in encouraging transnational companies to re- which capital, goods and labour move con- spect fundamental labour and human rights 2 Global value chains stantly. However, working conditions of em- or corporate social responsibility standards. ployees of a same company or through the In the course of time, their contents have be- value chain vary depending on the location. come more detailed including specific issues That results in important gaps when it comes such as health and safety at work, equality in to right of association, working conditions employment, training and mobility, planning and social protection, among other aspects. of employment and skill needs, measures to avoid dismissals, etc. International Framework Agreements (IFAs) have become an important instrument in Trade unions within multinational compa- protecting workers’ rights and conditions in nies’ headquarters undertake campaigns transnational corporations. Agreements pro- and actions to pressure their management to moted and signed by Global Union Federa- sign and abide by IFAs. This is done through tions have in their greater number the aim of awareness and solidarity campaigns among

IFAs are important instruments for protecting workers’ rights and conditions throughout the value chain

10 workers and by workers’ representatives’ (a Spanish multinational enterprise with clothing, and more generally to push for the direct action vis-à-vis management. brands such as Zara, Pull&Bear, etc.). The signature of global framework agreements. trade unions’ awareness work pursued During the Football World Cup 2014, CNV In- among Inditex workers in Spain increased In recent decades, globalisation has trans- ternationaal organised a campaign in order the demand for the achievement of better formed the global labour market. The labour to raise awareness among the Dutch people working conditions along the supply chain. force in the world has become more mobile about the working conditions in the sports and industrialisation has picked up speed in garment industry in Honduras. In this cam- Belgium trade unions’ campaign “Together, several developing countries. The booklet paign we urged the Dutch public to sup- workers will be more than just tools”, to ex- by the Swedish Union to Union “The labour port the CGT (a partner trade union of CNV plain that decent work is the best solution market in a globalised world” explains to Internationaal in Honduras) in its efforts to to poverty and to raise awareness to the Swedish trade unions’ affiliates the transi- improve the conditions in the garment fac- fact that 50% of workers in the world earn tion of the global labour market. tories of Adidas. less than 1,50€ a day, or that more than half of workers in the world cannot join a trade Dutch trade union CNV produced a practi- In 2014, Global Union Federation Industri- union… The campaign encourages work- cal guide to the “Ruggie Principles: how to ALL renewed its Global Framework Agree- ers to take action at the workplace, by ask- address human rights violations within your ment (GFA) with the global retailer Inditex ing employers to provide them with ethical company or branch”, which provides trade unionists with a practical resource for exposing and preventing abuses along supply chains.

11 >> Trade unions work actively on climate justice, advocating for a just transition 3 Climate justice with green jobs for a sustainable future. ITUC Specific campaigns have been undertaken FRONTLINES through the ITUC and its affiliates to position BRIEFINg May 2015 these issues in the international agenda. Climate JustiCe: unions4Climate Trade unions raise awareness of the need aCtion International Trade Union Confederation for binding climate agreements at the international level, on emission reduction targets and differentiated responsibilities, on financing climate policies, among others. They also push for a comprehensive strat- egy for a “just transition” for workers and communities, to ensure we all are part of a sustainable, low-carbon economy and benefit from decent and green jobs.

Trade unions advocate for a just transition ITUC Frontlines briefing on climate justice with green jobs for (May 2015) a sustainable future

12 >> Over 200 million people are working tion institutes ISCOS/Cisl and Progetto Svi- outside their own country. Together with luppo/CGIL, and Spanish ISCOD-UGT, aimed Migration and their families, migrant workers make up the at promoting understanding and populari- 4 development large majority of all international migrants. sation of the decent Work, migration, and Therefore, migration is first and foremost a development nexus. labour issue. It is about people moving to find decent employment for a better future The initiative mobilised European citizens’ for their families. support for ensuring that decent work is put at the centre of development cooperation Unfair treatment of migrant workers un- policies, engaging citizens in advocating for dermines wages and working conditions a rights-based approach to labour migration for all workers. Ensuring the protection of and policy coherence for development. migrants’ rights is essential to achieving decent work for all men and women. Migrants’ DGB Bildungswerk’s Nord-Süd-Netz brochu- rights are workers’ rights. re “Without emergency nobody escapes” about the causes of migration and asylum, The project “Decent Work-Making Migration as well as the relation between migration Work for Development” is an initiative of the and sustainable development. Italian trade union development coopera-

05.West 03.Spain Africa

LONG HOURS AND LONELINESS FOR ANDEAN LOSING VALUABLE MEDICAL STAFF MIGRANT WORKERS IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR FROM MALI AND SENEGAL

Case profile

● Mali and Senegal both rank low on the Human Development Index, in 160th and 144th place (out of 169) respectively in 2010. Case profile

● In 2009 per capita GDP in Mali was estimated at 852 euros and in Senegal ● The rapid expansion of Spain’s agricultural sector over the last 30 years at 1,288 euros19. has been accompanied by a rise in the number of precarious and

temporary jobs. ● An estimated 312,000 people emigrated from Mali in the period 1988- 1992, out of a total population of about 13 million20. 13 ● Migrant workers arriving in Spain without a work permit usually find their first jobs in agriculture, where low wages and difficult working ● In 2007, 112 million euros were sent to Mali by Malian emigrants, about 19-21 IOM conditions deter Spanish workers. 3.3% of GNP21.

23 See the IOM publications on Mali ● ● While foreign workers make up 10% of the working population of Spain, Official statistics for Senegal for the period 2003-2004 estimate the total http://publications.iom.int/bookstore/ 22 that figure rises to 30% for agriculture13. free/Mali_Profile_2009.pdf number of emigrants at 648,600, out of a total population of 12.9 million . and Senegal: http://publications.iom.int/bookstore/ ● Official remittances sent to Senegal amounted to the equivalent of 832 free/Senegal_Profile_2009.pdf million euros in 2007 with at least as much sent informally. Total Ten migrant workers from the Andean countries of Ecuador (7), Bolivia (1), remittances represented 9.1% of GNP in 200723. 24 Omar Nd, August 2006, Working Paper Colombia (1) and Peru (1) were interviewed about their experiences of working Number 95 (Center for the Global in Spain’s agricultural sector. They have all been in Spain for at least three ● The great majority of West African migrants stay within the African continent Développement) Rapporteur de la CECAC to live and work, but a significant and growing proportion are heading to 13 Ministry of Labour and Immigration, years, and are now all legally employed in the country, although some were pour les questions relatives au VIH/SIDA June 2010. irregular migrants to begin with. Au Sénégal plus de 50% des médecins Europe particularly the more educated, notably medical staff. formés exerçaient à l’étranger en 2003, 24 (Ndoye,O . 2010) ● Half of all trained doctors in Senegal now live and work abroad .

Qualified medical personnel from Mali and Senegal were interviewed about their experiences of work in their home countries, in other countries on the 11. African continent, and in the countries of the North. >> The right of association and collective A basic tool of the global labour movement is Global solidarity bargaining is threatened in many coun- the annual Global Rights Index of the Interna- 5 tries. Union leaders are harassed and tional Trade Union Confederation (ITUC). The and awareness assassinated and as a consequence, the ITUC has been collecting data on the abuse achievement of the Decent Work Agenda of trade union rights around the world for is far from reality for many. more than 30 years, and through this Index it offers a snapshot for government and busi- Trade union development education and ness to see how their laws and supply chains awareness activities in this field focus on have deteriorated or improved. solidarity with organised workers and trade unions in situations of risk, operating in hos- The ITUC Global Rights Index is used at na- tile environments that make accomplishing tional level in Europe to show the basic dif- their basic rights difficult. ferences with the global South in terms of workers’ rights and fundamental freedoms. It triggers debates and actions of global

14 Swedish trade unions have published didac- “The Road to a Better Working Life”: This booklet ex- tic material for workers to understand the plains that international trade union work is as much importance of human rights in the work- about international solidarity as about defending the place, and where these are not respected. working conditions here at home, and why it is important to get involved in what is happening in the world. “Human rights in the workplace”: This booklet presents the eight ILO core conventions In many countries, trade union rights are violated. on fundamental human rights at work and Trade unions are banned, union members are threat- the ILO’s history. In addition there is infor- ened, put in prison or even killed. Dutch trade union mation on how ILO core conventions are FNV encourages its members to write official state- solidarity in relation to labour rights, since a used in trade union work. ments of support to trade unionists worldwide suffer- shortcoming in this area can be a symptom ing or imprisoned because of their organising activity. of a shrinking democratic space or of viola- tion in other fields. Guide “Act on globalisation” by French trade union Confédération française démocratique du travail (CFDT). It provides references and explores action towards international institutions, businesses and multinationals, as well as the role of trade unions in a globalised world.

Trade unions defend human rights at work and denounce the harassment and assassination of workers

15 >> Many development education and Slavery exists today in global supply chains, Modern slavery and awareness raising campaigns and activi- and governments need to take responsibil- 6 ties pursued by trade unions deal with ity for strong legislation and enforcement, forced labour the issue of modern slavery and forced due diligence and the rule of law within work. Today, the estimates of workers in their countries and in the value chains of contemporary forms of slavery have never multinational companies based in or oper- been higher. With a minimum of 21 million ating in their countries. globally, affecting virtually all sectors and all countries, convictions remain very low In 2014, governments again adopted a glo- and preventive measures ineffective. Forced bal treaty, the ILO Forced Labour Protocol, labour is hidden and hard to find, so many to step up prevention, protection and com- more remain unidentified, especially con- pensation measures. Despite the compelling sidering the non-existent labour inspector- figures and overwhelming support from the ate in many countries. international community for the adoption of the Protocol, Norway and Niger are to date The increasing numbers of workers in mod- the only countries which have ratified it, ern slavery are an effect of decades of labour translating their international promise into market deregulation which has left workers national commitment. unprotected in the global economy. With at least 21 million people trapped in slavery, The ITUC campaign “Ratify the Protocol” en- many more are facing other forms of labour courages workers from around to the world exploitation, making them in turn most like- to push their Ministers of Labour to speed Through their ly to become tomorrow’s forced labourers. up the ratification of the ILO Protocol. campaigns, trade unions fight to end modern slavery and forced labour

16 arena. Defenders of human rights have been threatened and expulsions of addicts and the homeless have taken place.

An international campaign by Building and Sports and decent work is a recurrent issue Wood Workers’ International, “Red card for in trade union initiatives on development FIFA”, denounces the deaths of building education. The report “Human rights on thin workers working in the construction of sta- ice”, by Swedish trade unions LO and TCO diums and venues for the 2022 World Cup and Sweden’s development aid watchdog in Qatar. This campaign was quickly picked Swedwatch, shows that the Belarussian re- up by national trade unions, who asked Qa- gime, led by the ice hockey enthusiast Presi- tar and FIFA to respect basic labour rights of dent Aljaksandr Lukasjenka, has employed unprotected workers. forced labour in the building of the Tjyzouka

17 >> Trade unions are among the largest These channels include newsletters, bulle- Outreach tools to the and most representative civil society or- tins, magazines, conferences and seminars, 7 ganisations. As membership-based organi- training and many other activities that con- broader labour movement sations, they can reach out to millions of tribute to trade union development educa- affiliates in Europe and worldwide through

internal communication channels. NORD | SÜD-NETZ

NEWSLETTER IV / 2015 NORD SÜD news view, CC BY-NC 2.0 CC BY-NC view, / Martin Goldhahn / Foto: MWKEL-RLP Foto:

Flüchtlinge in der Ausbildung zum Kfz-Mechatroniker im Gespräch mit Eveline Lemke, stellv. Ministerpräsidentin in Rheinland-Pfalz Inhalt

Arbeit für Flüchtlinge – Titel Arbeit für Flüchtlinge – Gleiche Rechte, gleicher Lohn! Gleiche Rechte, gleicher Lohn! ...... S. 1f Kommentar Auch in Deutschland müssen plötzlich hun- Arbeit und Flucht. Wir haben es einerseits mit TTIP: Bitte fair, nicht nur frei! ...... S. 2 derttausende Menschen integriert wer- der „Migrant Crisis“, der massenhaften Flucht- Fluchthilfe und Freihandel den. Was dabei aus gewerkschaftlicher bewegung nach Europa, und andererseits hier- Türkei: „Gäste“ ohne Arbeitserlaubnis ...... S. 3 Sicht wichtig ist, erklärt Julia Böhnke, Re- zulande mit massivem Rassismus und Frem- Entwicklungsländer: „Freihandelsabkommen – ferentin bei der DGB-Jugend. denhass zu tun. Wir sehen die Notwendigkeit, eine Chance für Entwicklungsländer?“ ...... S. 4 junge Geflüchtete in den Ausbildungsmarkt zu China: Vorteilsnehmer China ...... S. 5 Nord | Süd news: Europa und die Welt diskutieren inte-grieren, aber auch eine Antwort bzw. Ab- Mexiko: Verlierer der offenen Märkte ...... S. 6 ihre Position zum Thema Flucht und Migration. sage an den Rechtsextremismus zu formulieren. Hat die DGB-Jugend schon eine? Gewerkschaften stehen für die Forderung nach Aus den Projekten einem Recht auf Bildung für junge Menschen, Bangladesch: Das Bündnis der Textilindustrie Julia Böhnke: 60 Millionen Menschen auf der nach Ausbildungsstandards und Einhaltung der als Hebel für Fortschritt ...... S. 7 Flucht sind für Politik, Wirtschaft und Zivilgesell- Kernarbeitsnormen. All das muss auch für die schaft eine große Herausforderung. Auch für Ge- jungen Geflüchteten gelten. In Kürze werkschaften – denn Integration kann nur bei fai- Ausbildungszentrum auf Haiti steht ren Zugängen zu Ausbildung und Arbeit gelingen. Welche Probleme gibt es da? Friedensnobelpreis für nationalen Dialog Neue Broschüre „Ohne Not flieht niemand“ Die DGB-Jugend hat eine Resolution „#Refugees Es hakt schon dabei, dass Geflüchtete, die eine Katar: Wo bleibt das Playfair? Welcome“ verfasst. Was ist der Kern? Ausbildung machen wollen, natürlich ein Bleibe- Impressum ...... S. 8

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Trade unions have specific channels to reach out to the broader labour movement

18 tion and awareness raising. Workers are mul- as trade union campaigns against forced tipliers of information, at their workplace work. According to a participant: “The De- and also within their inner circles. Workers’ cent Work Envoys programme broadened solidarity goes beyond the workplace! my knowledge on international trade union activities. It was a really nice and rewarding weekend, and I look forward to tell my co- workers about what I learned.”

Global Solidarity Champion Programme Global Solidarity, the cooperation institute Decent work ambassadors of the Irish Confederation of Trade Unions Some trade unions run “decent work ambas- (ICTU), manages the Global Solidarity Cham- sadors” programmes to train trainers about pion Programme. This training course is world decent- work issues, modern slavery, a very important tool in ICTU’s Development supply chains and international solidarity. Education programme. It provides trade union members with a range of knowledge, Finnish trade union development coop- skills and tools to become global solidarity eration centre SASK has organised such a champions within their trade union. scheme in the last years, with an increasing attendance. Their “Decent Work Envoys” spread workers’ solidarity in their workplac- es, as well as in events around Finland. At- tendees become acquainted with the situ- ation of workers’ around the world, as well

19 Dutch trade union FNV encourages their affiliates who travel abroad to photograph people in working situations, to reflect on the shortcomings of decent work in most parts of the world, and help advocating for more international solidarity.

DEAR through art and culture Thai artist Rirkrit Tiravanija at the 2015 Venice Many trade unions are innovating in out- Biennale presented the installation “Untitled reach channels of development education 2015 (14.086)”, which consisted of the produc- by integrating art and culture as a very suc- tion of 14,086 bricks needed to build a simple cessful way to spread messages. For instance, house for a small family in China, bearing im- Spanish trade union USO/SOTERMUN organ- printed the Chinese phrase 别干了 “Do not ises an annual photo contest on the issue of work anymore.” The pieces could be owned by decent work worldwide. The awarded photos the public, with a minimum offer of EUR 10. are included in the unions’ calendar.

20 The money raised went to finance the activi- the Americas (TUCA-CSA), has edited a com- adapted into a comic strip that explains the ties supported by the Italian trade union de- ic strip on the Development Platform of the four dimensions towards achieving sustain- velopment cooperation organisation ISCOS/ Americas (PLADA). The PLADA is designed to able development: political, economic, so- Cisl, which supports Chinese organisations become the tool for the trade union move- cial and environmental. involved in the defence of workers’ rights. ment’s mobilisations and political actions, aimed at promoting the body of changes Development awareness needed from a strategic perspective, in re- through visual material sponse to the various social, political issues The regional organisation of the ITUC in the and actors as well as the governments of the Americas, the Trade Union Confederation of region. The PLADA founding document was

Trade unions use innovative channels to promote DEAR through art and culture

21 >> At primary and secondary level people), developed a workshop on clean Development education Classrooms all over Europe are a very impor- clothes for schools. A group of 12 young 8 tant place for development education and volunteers visited schools all over the Neth- at school awareness raising. Learning from an early erlands and gave school lessons about age about the consequences of globalisa- working conditions in the garment industry tion and how different working conditions in developing countries. They also gave in- are around the globe contributes to a more formation about the role of trade unions in responsible citizenship, as well as multiply- those countries. ing this information among children’s inner circles (family, friends). Teachers’ trade unions in several European countries can reach all levels of education and include DEAR as a subject in many curricula and educational programmes. This is done in several ways, such as using pedagogical material, comic strips, movies or role play games.

Dutch trade union development cooperation institute CNV Internationaal, together with CNV Youth (the trade union for young

Teachers’ unions can Spanish teachers’ trade union Comisiones reach all levels of Obreras worked in 2007 on Anversos, a de- education and include velopment education project in formal edu- DEAR in curricula and educational programmes cation. A very innovative approach offered online and offline courses to train teachers on development education issues, as well as

22 encouraging the creation of teachers’ work- tion in their curricula, with the aim of pro- ❚ Elementary school students: it offered vid- ing groups to create and improve didactic moting a global solidary citizenship, as well eos, stories, music and games. material in this area. An interactive website as raising awareness among pupils for them ❚ High-school students: it offered photo ex- offered multimedia content for teachers and to understand the unequal world in which hibitions, role play games, documentaries students, helping to disseminate develop- we live and thus promote global solidarity. and comic strips. ment education thematics using new tech- The programme targeted three groups: ❚ Teachers: pedagogic material and online nologies. Because of its innovative ways of training on how to best use the material. working, Anversos won a prize awarded by the Spanish Institute of Public Administration. COSES DE XIQUETS I XIQUETES Comisiones Obreras also ran the development education programme “Interactue- mos” (Let’s interact), conducted in a total of 21 schools, reaching more than 4,000 students and 210 teachers. The project trained teachers and provided them with educational tools to include development educa-

Foto: La Rauda. Nicaragua.

JUGUEM A LES CASETES 1 23 Spanish trade union development coop- ❚ Unfair Factory Game: Allows students to eration institute ISCOD-UGT ran the project experience the pressures of working in a “There is no peace without solidarity” aimed sweatshop. The game gives background at formal and non-formal education at sec- facts for game players, the “contact the ondary level, although with public projec- union” function which allows players to tion due to its open events. The project stand up for their rights, and the “take ac- commemorated the School’s Day for Peace, tion” function where players can send an activities on child work “We study, they action email to Adidas, Nike and Pentland work”, commemoration of the Day against At higher-education calling for better rights for sportswear and Domestic Violence, the Day of Working The British Trades Union Congress coordi- merchandise workers. Women and the Day Against Racism. nated a campaign during the 2012 Olympic Games in London, calling organisers of the Games, the International Olympic Commit- tee, and big sportswear brands who make mass profits from the games to ensure that workers producing sportswear and goods for the Olympics had their rights respected. A Student Materials Toolkit gave ideas and inspiration for how to be active about im- proving workers’ rights in sweatshops. This Global solidarity and the toolkit included: fight against inequality is promoted through ❚ trade union development Student Playfair Action Guide: To help stu- education programmes dents and their unions to take action on workers’ rights on campus. Who are the people who make hoodies and key fobs? And what is their university doing to ensure their rights are respected?

24 Education International’s Solidarity Fund and administered by the EI Secretariat, was established to assist member organi- represents a visible example of solidarity sations in emergencies such as natural dis- among teachers around the world. Natural asters, famine, war, persecution or other and man-caused disasters that threaten the life-threatening situations. The assistance lives of teachers and their families call for Poverty anywhere provided by the EI Solidarity Fund is used our solidarity through the delivery of imme- is a danger mainly for short-term relief to help ensure diate and effective assistance. to prosperity the survival of organisations and their mem- everywhere bers. The Fund, established with voluntary contributions from member organisations

Another creative development education campaign was launched by Dutch trade union FNV, raising awareness about the fate of construction workers from Nepal, suffering extreme labour conditions at the construction of stadiums for the Qatar 2022 World Cup. This comic strip was distributed in schools, triggering debate among students about the hidden face of major sports events, and about working conditions outside Europe.

25 TUDCN members involved in DEAR activities

ITUC International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) Germany Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (DGB) ITUC Regional Organisation ITUC Africa Germany DGB Bildungswerk ITUC Regional Organisation Trade Union Confederation of the Americas (TUCA) Germany Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) ITUC Regional Organisation ITUC Asia-Pacific (ITUC AP) Hungary Hungarian Trade Union Confederation (MSZSZ) GUF IndustriALL Ireland Irish Congress of Trade Unions (ICTU) GUF Public Services International (PSI) Italy Confederazione Italiana Sindacati Lavoratori (CISL)/ GUF Education International (EI-IE) Istituto Sindacale per la Cooperazione allo Sviluppo (ISCOS) GUF Building and Wood Workers’ International (BWI) Italy Confederazione Generale Italiana del Lavoro (CGIL)/ GUF International Transport Workers Federation (ITF) Progetto Sviluppo GUF UNI Global Union (UNI) Italy Unione Italiana del Lavoro (UIL)/Progetto Sud Europe European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) Norway Landsorganisasjonen i Norge (LO) Austria Österreichischer Gewerkschaftsbund (OEGB) Romania Confederatia Nationala Sindicala Cartel Alfa (Alfa Cartel) Austria Weltumspannend Arbeiten Romania Blocul National Sindical (BNS) Belgium Confédération des Syndicats Chrétiens (ACV-CSC) Spain Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT)/Instituto Sindical de Cooperación al Desarrollo (ISCOD) Belgium World Solidarity (WSM) Spain Confederación Sindical de Comisiones Obreras (CCOO)/ Belgium Centrale générale des Syndicats libéraux de Belgique Fundación Paz y Solidaridad (FPyS) (CGSLB-ACLVB) Spain Unión Sindical Obrera (USO)/Solidaridad con los trabajadores Belgium Fédération Générale du Travail de Belgique (ABVV-FGTB) y trabajadoras de los países empobrecidos (USO Sotermun) Bulgaria Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Bulgaria Spain Eusko Langileen Alkartasuna (ELA) (CITUB) Sweden Landsorganisationen i Sverige (LO) Cyprus Democratic Labour Federation of Cyprus (DEOK) Sweden Tjänstemännens Centralorganisation (TCO) Denmark LO/FTF Council Sweden Union to Union Finland Suomen Ammattiliittojen Solidaarisuuskeskus (SASK) The Netherlands Christelijk Nationaal Vakverbond (CNV Internationaal) Finland Suomen Ammattiliittojen Keskusjärjestö (SAK) The Netherlands Federatie Nederlandse Vakbeweging (FNV Mondiaal) France Confédération Française Démocratique du Travail (CFDT)/ Institut Belleville United Kingdom Trades Union Congress (TUC) France Confédération Générale du Travail (CGT) TUAC Trade Union Advisory Committee to the OECD France Confédération Générale du Travail – Force Ouvrière (CGT-FO) 26 Contents