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Časopis Dr. Ante Cilige „Na Pragu Sutrašnjice“ (1974.-1984.) U Kontekstu Hrvatskog Iseljeničkog Tiska

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Časopis Dr. Ante Cilige „Na Pragu Sutrašnjice“ (1974.-1984.) U Kontekstu Hrvatskog Iseljeničkog Tiska HRVATSKI STUDIJI Mislav Rubić ČASOPIS DR. ANTE CILIGE „NA PRAGU SUTRAŠNJICE“ (1974.-1984.) U KONTEKSTU HRVATSKOG ISELJENIČKOG TISKA DOKTORSKI RAD Zagreb, 2014. CENTRE FOR CROATIAN STUDIES Mislav Rubić PH. D. ANTE CILIGA'S JOURNAL „NA PRAGU SUTRAŠNJICE“ (1974.-1984.) IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CROATIAN EMIGRANT PRESS DOCTORAL THESIS Zagreb, 2014 HRVATSKI STUDIJI Mislav Rubić ČASOPIS DR. ANTE CILIGE „NA PRAGU SUTRAŠNJICE“ (1974.-1984.) U KONTEKSTU HRVATSKOG ISELJENIČKOG TISKA DOKTORSKI RAD Mentor: prof. dr. sc. Mijo Korade Zagreb, 2014. CENTRE FOR CROATIAN STUDIES Mislav Rubić PH. D. ANTE CILIGA'S JOURNAL „NA PRAGU SUTRAŠNJICE“ (1974.-1984.) IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CROATIAN EMIGRANT PRESS DOCTORAL THESIS Supervisor: prof. dr. sc. Mijo Korade Zagreb, 2014 INFORMACIJE O MENTORU Prof. dr. sc. Mijo Korade je rođen 1947. godine u mjestu Delkovcu u Hrvatskom zagorju. Školovao se u Zagrebu gdje je studirao i završio filozofiju i teologiju na Filozofsko- teološkom institutu D. I. Studij je nastavio u Rimu gdje je studirao crkvenu povijest na sveučilištu Universita Pontificia Gregoriana gdje je i doktorirao 1988. godine. Na istom se sveučilištu stručno usavršavao na područjima povijesnih znanosti kao i na Universitaet Wien u Beču, nakon čega se zaposlio na Institutum historicum S. I. u Rimu gdje je radio kao povjesničar. Na Filozofsko-teološkom Institutu u Zagrebu je predavao kao profesor. Suosnivač je i prvi pročelnik Hrvatskoga povijesnog instituta u Beču. Na Hrvatskome institutu za povijest u Zagrebu radi od 1996. godine kao voditelj projekta Hrvatska latinistička historiografija, od 2002. radi na projektu Historiografija hrvatskog redovništva u 17. i 18. stoljeću te od 2006. godine na projektu Civilna Hrvatska ranog novovjekovlja. Društveni, politički i kulturni odnosi u svjetlu novih izvora. Na Hrvatskim studijima Sveučilišta u Zagrebu predaje od 1997. godine te je nositelj sljedećih kolegija: Hrvatska historiografija 19. i 20. st., Hrvatska latinistička historiografija, Kulturno-povijesna baština pavlina u Hrvatskoj, Opća povijest medija i komunikacije, Poruka mira Marka Antuna de Dominisa, Povijest medijske komunikacije u Hrvatskoj, Velikani duha i pera, Dijaspora - uvod i hrvatska dijaspora u Australiji, Gospodarstvo i stanovništvo Hrvatske u 19. i prvoj polovici 20. stoljeća, Hrvatski pedagozi – prosvjetiteljstvo, Kulturna povijest, Odnos Crkve i države, Političko organiziranje i djelovanje hrvatskih iseljenika, Povijest graditeljstva, Povijest hrvatskog iseljeništva, Povijest kršćanstva u Hrvata, Povijest školstva, Sociologija hrvatske dijaspore i Vjerske sastavnice hrvatske kulture. Objavio je više znanstvenih i stručnih članaka u hrvatskim i međunarodnim časopisima te je sudjelovao na brojnim znanstvenim skupovima u Hrvatskoj i u inozemstvu. SAŽETAK Gotovo je cijelo jedno stoljeće aktivnog političkog života ostalo iza Ante Cilige. Rođen je u katoličkoj obitelji u Istri 20. veljače 1898. godine. Proživio je dva svjetska rata, revolucije i bune te svjedočio nestajanjima i nastajanjima država. Preživio je sovjetske kaznionice i Sibir, Jasenovac kao i zatvore u Zagrebu, Beogradu, Trstu i Puli. Svijet su prije njega napustili brojni prijatelji iz mladosti, a osobne su se tragedije i mnoge bolesti nastavile nizati tijekom godina. Ipak je iz najcrnje priče jedne ljudske sudbine Ciliga crpio nevjerojatnu snagu i stvaralačku energiju kojom je u nemogućim uvjetima objavljivao knjige, pokretao časopise i stalno bio informiran o svim važnijim nacionalnim i globalnim pitanjima. S jednakim je žarom pratio zbivanja u Hrvatskoj, Rusiji i Angoli, tragajući neprekidno za odgovorima na pitanja zašto se nešto dogodilo i koje bi posljedice to moglo izazvati. Kao vanstranački čovjek oslobođen okova kolektivne svijest Partije, Ciliga je mogao slobodno iznositi svoje stavove i zaključke. Protjeran iz domovine i prepušten lutanjima Europom, svim se srcem borio protiv Tita i totalitarne jugoslavenske politike. Kako bi osigurao mjesto na kojemu će moći redovito pisati i objavljivati svoje misli, 1958. godine pokreće Bilten Hrvatskog narodnog odbora u Italiji. S vremenom se Bilten mijenjao, a izmjenjivali su se i odbori i organizacije. Da bi učvrstio svoju poziciju vanstranačkog čovjeka, Ciliga je napustio iseljeničke organizacije i potpuno sam pokrenuo novi časopis Na pragu sutrašnjice. Taj časopis nije nikada uspio dosegnuti popularnost Hrvatske Revije i Nove Hrvatske niti je Ciliga uspio okupiti oko sebe tim ljudi kao što je to pošlo za rukom njegovim kolegama Jakši Kušanu i Vinku Nikoliću, ali nitko nije uspio potpuno sam, s tako ograničenim sredstvima i u toliko lošim uvjetima, napraviti toliko puno koliko je to uspjelo Ciligi u deset godina izlaženja ovoga časopisa. U časopisu Na pragu sutrašnjice okupio je nespojive ideologije koje su se zajedno borile za jedan zajednički cilj - slobodnu Hrvatsku. KLJUČNE RIJEČI: Bilten, Ciliga, časopis, Europa, Hrvatska, Hrvatska revija, hrvatsko iseljeništvo, iseljeničke organizacije, Istra, Jugoslavija, Kušan, Na pragu sutrašnjice, Nikolić, Nova Hrvatska, Sibir, Sovjetski Savez, Tito SUMMARY After his parting, Ante Ciliga left behind him practically a whole century of active political life. He was born on the 20th of February 1898 in a croatian catholic family in Istria. He has passed through two world wars, many revolutions and rebellions and has witnessed arising and vanishing of a number of countries. He survived soviet penal colonies and Siberia, Jasenovac and prisons in Zagreb, Belgrade, Trieste and Pula. Many of his friends from the prime of their lives have left this world and so many personal tragedies and health disorders continued to appear in a years to come. Then again, from one of the sadest stories that a human could possibly endure, Ciliga managed to absorb an amazing strenght and creative force that made him publish books, start and run magazines, but it also made him incredibly informed about important national and global issues. He has been equally enthusiastic about croatian, russian and angolan affairs and in constant pursuit for answers to the question why has something happened and what could the consequences of those happenings mean. Since he has always been an outsider of any political party and therefore free from chains of the Communist party and its collective consciousness, he could write his thoughts as well as conclusions and freely speek his mind. He has been displaced from his native land and forced to wander throughout Europe therefore he spent all those years fighting against Tito and yugoslavia totalitarianism. In 1958 he started Bilten Hrvatskog Narodnog Odbora u Italiji in order to ensure one place where he could publish his thoughts hoping that those would be influential. As the time passed by Bilten changed and so did the boards and organizations. In order to secure his position of an outsider of any political party, Ciliga left all of the emigrant organizations and started a new magazine Na pragu sutrašnjice all by himself. This magazine never could have reached the popularity of Hrvatska revija and Nova Hrvatska and Ciliga could not gather big team of cooperants as his colleagues Jakša Kušan and Vinko Nikolić could have. On the other hand, no other man entirely on his own and practically with no means at all could ever do as much as he did during the 10-year period of this magazin. Na pragu sutrašnjice gathered incompatible political ideologies and then those started their common fight for one goal – free Croatia. KEY WORDS: Bulletin, Ciliga, magazine, Europe, Croatia, Hrvatska revija, croatian emigrants, emigrant organizations, Istria, Yugoslavia, Kusan, Na pragu sutrašnjice, Nikolic, Nova Hrvatska, Siberia, Soviet Union, Tito SADRŽAJ PREDGOVOR…………………………………………………………………………... 01 UVOD…………………………………………………………………………………… 04 I. BIOGRAFIJA ANTE CILIGE………………………………………………………... 08 1. ISTRA I MOSTAR ………………………………………………………………… 09 2. PROGONSTVO U ČEŠKU I POVRATAK U DOMOVINU……………………... 11 2. SOVJETSKI SAVEZ – KAGANAT TATARSKOG KANA ..………………….. 25 4. OD URALA DO SIBIRA…………………………………………………………... 40 5. O ZEMLJI VELIKE LAŽI…………………………………………………………. 50 6. PARIŠKI KRUŽOK………………………………………………………………... 58 7. NIJEMCI ULAZE U PARIZ……………………………………………………….. 62 8. SAM KROZ EUROPU U RATU…………………………………………………... 66 9. JASENOVAČKI DANI…………………………………………………………….. 76 10. NA SLOBODI U DOMOVINI…………………………………………………….. 84 11. PAD BERLINA…………………………………………………………………… 90 12. NAKON RATA………………………………………………………………….. 96 II. NA PRAGU SUTRAŠNJICE………………………………………………………... 114 1. BILTEN…………………………………………………………………………...... 115 2. NA PRAGU SUTRAŠNJICE………………………………………………………. 120 3. NA PRAGU SUTRAŠNJICE – NOVA HRVATSKA – HRVATSKA REVIJA….. 175 4. POPIS ČLANAKA I AUTORA S RAZRJEŠENIM PSEUDONIMIMA……….... 179 5. IZBOR IZ BIBLIOGRAFIJE ANTE CILIGE……………………………………… 195 FOTOGRAFIJE……………………………….………………………………………… 198 KRATICE……………………………………………………………………………….. 210 ZAKLJUČAK…………………………………………………………………………… 212 POPIS IZVORA I LITERATURE…………………………………………..………….. 214 ŽIVOTOPIS I BIBLIOGRAFIJA……………………………………………..………... 221 PREDGOVOR U prvom dijelu rada iznio sam sažetu biografiju Ante Cilige. Trudio sam se slijediti kronološki niz događaja, osim u slučajevima kada se radilo o slijedu usko povezanih zbivanja čije bi razlamanje djelovalo zbunjujuće i moglo bi imati utjecaja na snalaženje u tekstu. Događaji koje sam unio u biografiju mogu se razvrstati u dvije skupine. Prvu čine oni za koje sam smatrao da moraju biti spomenuti u biografiji, a navode se i ranije. U takve događaje svakako spada Proštinska buna o kojoj je pisao Miroslav Bertoša.1 O raspravi između Cilige
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