From Amazonia to the Atlantic Forest: Molecular Phylogeny Of

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

From Amazonia to the Atlantic Forest: Molecular Phylogeny Of Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 65 (2012) 547–561 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev From Amazonia to the Atlantic forest: Molecular phylogeny of Phyzelaphryninae frogs reveals unexpected diversity and a striking biogeographic pattern emphasizing conservation challenges ⇑ Antoine Fouquet a,b, , Daniel Loebmann c, Santiago Castroviejo-Fisher d, José M. Padial d, Victor G.D. Orrico e, Mariana L. Lyra e, Igor Joventino Roberto f, Philippe J.R. Kok g,h, Célio F.B. Haddad e, Miguel T. Rodrigues b a CNRS-Guyane – USR 3456, Immeuble Le Relais – 2, Avenue Gustave Charlery, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana b Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Caixa Postal 11.461, CEP 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil c Laboratório de Vertebrados Terrestres, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Itália Km 8, Carreiros, CEP 96.203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil d Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024-5192, United States e Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Av. 24-A, 1515, Bela Vista, Caixa Postal 199, CEP 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil f Departamento de Ciências Físicas e Biológicas, Laboratório de Zoologia, Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA), Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz Pimenta, 1161, CEP 63105-000 Crato, Ceará, Brazil g Department of Vertebrates, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium h Biology Department, Unit of Ecology and Systematics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium article info abstract Article history: Documenting the Neotropical amphibian diversity has become a major challenge facing the threat of glo- Received 12 May 2012 bal climate change and the pace of environmental alteration. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies have Revised 13 July 2012 revealed that the actual number of species in South American tropical forests is largely underestimated, Accepted 14 July 2012 but also that many lineages are millions of years old. The genera Phyzelaphryne (1 sp.) and Adelophryne (6 Available online 26 July 2012 spp.), which compose the subfamily Phyzelaphryninae, include poorly documented, secretive, and min- ute frogs with an unusual distribution pattern that encompasses the biotic disjunction between Amazo- Keywords: nia and the Atlantic forest. We generated >5.8 kb sequence data from six markers for all seven nominal Adelophryne species of the subfamily as well as for newly discovered populations in order to (1) test the monophyly of Amazonia Atlantic forest Phyzelaphryninae, Adelophryne and Phyzelaphryne, (2) estimate species diversity within the subfamily, Cryptic species and (3) investigate their historical biogeography and diversification. Phylogenetic reconstruction Neotropical diversity confirmed the monophyly of each group and revealed deep subdivisions within Adelophryne and Phyzel- Phyzelaphryne aphryne, with three major clades in Adelophryne located in northern Amazonia, northern Atlantic forest and southern Atlantic forest. Our results suggest that the actual number of species in Phyzelaphryninae is, at least, twice the currently recognized species diversity, with almost every geographically isolated population representing an anciently divergent candidate species. Such results highlight the challenges for conservation, especially in the northern Atlantic forest where it is still degraded at a fast pace. Molec- ular dating revealed that Phyzelaphryninae originated in Amazonia and dispersed during early Miocene to the Atlantic forest. The two Atlantic forest clades of Adelophryne started to diversify some 7 Ma minimum, while the northern Amazonian Adelophryne diversified much earlier, some 13 Ma minimum. This striking biogeographic pattern coincides with major events that have shaped the face of the South American continent, as we know it today. Ó 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction clock for many biologists before this invaluable heritage vanishes. This is particularly critical in the tropics, which host the bulk of the Life is facing its 6th mass extinction (Barnosky et al., 2011), and diversity on Earth (Gaston and Williams, 1996) but still remain the description of the world’s biodiversity is a race against the largely under-documented regarding the actual magnitude of their biological diversity and the mechanisms responsible for its origin (Balakrishnan, 2005). Tropical forests of South America are crucial ⇑ Corresponding author at: CNRS-Guyane – USR 3456, Immeuble Le Relais – 2, Avenue Gustave Charlery, 97300 Cayenne, French Guiana. because they are believed to host more species than anywhere else E-mail address: [email protected] (A. Fouquet). in the world (Gaston and Williams, 1996; Myers et al., 2000; 1055-7903/$ - see front matter Ó 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.07.012 548 A. Fouquet et al. / Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 65 (2012) 547–561 Primack and Corlett, 2005; Wilson, 1992). Despite being flagged Almeida et al., 2011). Such puzzling distribution led Hoogmoed among the famous ‘‘biodiversity hotspots’’ as a priority area for and Lescure (1984) to question the homogeneity of Phyzelaphryni- conservation some 15 years ago (Mittermeier et al., 1998), the nae, which has been later hypothesized to consist of remnants of a Atlantic forest of Brazil is still being degraded at a fast/steady pace, once more diverse and broadly distributed clade (Gonzalez-Voyer particularly in its northern part (Ribeiro et al., 2009). Even the et al., 2011). These frogs have been poorly represented in recent ef- immense Amazonia, with a large part of its surface remaining rel- forts to document phylogenetic relationships among Terrarana, atively intact, deeply suffers from human activities and is reduced and anurans in general (Hedges et al., 2008; Heinicke et al., in size at an extremely fast pace (Malhi et al., 2008). 2009); only one Adelophryne and one Phyzelaphryne samples have The biodiversity hosted by both areas is still so poorly docu- been so far included (Hedges et al., 2008; Heinicke et al., 2009). mented that we do not know what is lost with each exploited hect- The obvious reason for this is that it is challenging to gather a are of forest (Tuomisto et al., 1995; da Silva et al., 2005; Carnaval meaningful sampling because these frogs are very small et al., 2009). Moreover, in the last decades many studies have re- (SVL = 11 mm in A. pachydactyla to a maximum of 23 mm in A. pat- vealed a large underestimation of species number actually occur- amona), secretive (some species are locally very common, like A. ring in these regions (Giam et al., 2012). This has been gutturosa, but hard to find because of their microhabitat [Kok particularly striking for amphibians, with many species now recog- and Kalamandeen, 2008]) and with very restricted distributions nized as localized endemics or even isolated micro-endemics occur- (i.e. a few localized patches over an entire continent). These di- ring in small patches of these forests (e.g. Fouquet et al., 2012a, b; rect-developing frogs (Cassiano-Lima et al., 2011; MacCulloch Funk et al., 2012). Given that more than one third of the amphibian et al., 2008) are found exclusively in or under the forest litter (A. species are currently threatened by extinction – thus more than in maranguapensis breeds in bromeliads [Cassiano-Lima et al., any other vertebrate group (Stuart et al., 2004, 2008) – assessing the 2011]) from lowlands to mountain forests up to 1400 m a.s.l. Their actual biodiversity represented by South American amphibians is natural history is extremely poorly documented. Cassiano-Lima becoming a major challenge (Wake and Vredenburg, 2008). et al. (2011) recently provided some information on the reproduc- Estimating the South American biodiversity is not only a matter tion and development of A. maranguapensis, and MacCulloch et al. of counting species, but also of accounting for the depth of the rela- (2008) as well as Kok and Kalamandeen (2008) reported the obser- tionships among species, the so-called ‘‘phylogenetic diversity’’ vation of A. gutturosa laying a single very large egg. (Faith, 1992; Crozier, 1997; Purvis and Hector, 2000). Recent stud- Adelophryne and Phyzelaphryne (Phyzelaphryninae) can be dis- ies have revealed that many South American lineages are in fact tinguished from other Terrarana by the shape of terminal digits. millions of years old. Even among closely related South American However, the morphological distinction between these two genera amphibian species (e.g. Grant et al., 2006; Heinicke et al., 2007; is somewhat ambiguous (Hoogmoed and Lescure, 1984) and the Fouquet et al., 2012a) or within species (e.g. Fouquet et al., 2007, monophyly of Adelophryne has never been formally tested. Molec- 2012b; Funk et al., 2012) the prevalence of deep divergence re- ular analyses included only one Adelophryne and one Phyzelaph- vealed by molecular phylogenetics and phylogeography has been ryne, and these samples formed unambiguously a natural group – astonishing. The extent of unrecognized species that are geograph- i.e. Phyzelaphryninae (Hedges et al., 2008). However, considering ically restricted and could represent millions of years of indepen- the reduced number of terminals included and the
Recommended publications
  • Amphibians in Zootaxa: 20 Years Documenting the Global Diversity of Frogs, Salamanders, and Caecilians
    Zootaxa 4979 (1): 057–069 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Review ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2021 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4979.1.9 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:972DCE44-4345-42E8-A3BC-9B8FD7F61E88 Amphibians in Zootaxa: 20 years documenting the global diversity of frogs, salamanders, and caecilians MAURICIO RIVERA-CORREA1*+, DIEGO BALDO2*+, FLORENCIA VERA CANDIOTI3, VICTOR GOYANNES DILL ORRICO4, DAVID C. BLACKBURN5, SANTIAGO CASTROVIEJO-FISHER6, KIN ONN CHAN7, PRISCILLA GAMBALE8, DAVID J. GOWER9, EVAN S.H. QUAH10, JODI J. L. ROWLEY11, EVAN TWOMEY12 & MIGUEL VENCES13 1Grupo Herpetológico de Antioquia - GHA and Semillero de Investigación en Biodiversidad - BIO, Universidad de Antioquia, Antioquia, Colombia [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5033-5480 2Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2382-0872 3Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Fundación Miguel Lillo, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina [email protected]; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6133-9951 4Laboratório de Herpetologia Tropical, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Rodovia Jorge Amado Km 16 45662-900 Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4560-4006 5Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 1659 Museum Road, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1810-9886 6Laboratório de Sistemática de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogue of the Amphibians of Venezuela: Illustrated and Annotated Species List, Distribution, and Conservation 1,2César L
    Mannophryne vulcano, Male carrying tadpoles. El Ávila (Parque Nacional Guairarepano), Distrito Federal. Photo: Jose Vieira. We want to dedicate this work to some outstanding individuals who encouraged us, directly or indirectly, and are no longer with us. They were colleagues and close friends, and their friendship will remain for years to come. César Molina Rodríguez (1960–2015) Erik Arrieta Márquez (1978–2008) Jose Ayarzagüena Sanz (1952–2011) Saúl Gutiérrez Eljuri (1960–2012) Juan Rivero (1923–2014) Luis Scott (1948–2011) Marco Natera Mumaw (1972–2010) Official journal website: Amphibian & Reptile Conservation amphibian-reptile-conservation.org 13(1) [Special Section]: 1–198 (e180). Catalogue of the amphibians of Venezuela: Illustrated and annotated species list, distribution, and conservation 1,2César L. Barrio-Amorós, 3,4Fernando J. M. Rojas-Runjaic, and 5J. Celsa Señaris 1Fundación AndígenA, Apartado Postal 210, Mérida, VENEZUELA 2Current address: Doc Frog Expeditions, Uvita de Osa, COSTA RICA 3Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural La Salle, Apartado Postal 1930, Caracas 1010-A, VENEZUELA 4Current address: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Río Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Laboratório de Sistemática de Vertebrados, Av. Ipiranga 6681, Porto Alegre, RS 90619–900, BRAZIL 5Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Altos de Pipe, apartado 20632, Caracas 1020, VENEZUELA Abstract.—Presented is an annotated checklist of the amphibians of Venezuela, current as of December 2018. The last comprehensive list (Barrio-Amorós 2009c) included a total of 333 species, while the current catalogue lists 387 species (370 anurans, 10 caecilians, and seven salamanders), including 28 species not yet described or properly identified. Fifty species and four genera are added to the previous list, 25 species are deleted, and 47 experienced nomenclatural changes.
    [Show full text]
  • Anura: Brachycephalidae) Com Base Em Dados Morfológicos
    Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal Laboratório de Anatomia Comparada de Vertebrados Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade de Brasília Sistemática filogenética do gênero Brachycephalus Fitzinger, 1826 (Anura: Brachycephalidae) com base em dados morfológicos Tese apresentada ao Programa de pós-graduação em Biologia Animal para a obtenção do título de doutor em Biologia Animal Leandro Ambrósio Campos Orientador: Antonio Sebben Co-orientador: Helio Ricardo da Silva Maio de 2011 Universidade de Brasília Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal TESE DE DOUTORADO LEANDRO AMBRÓSIO CAMPOS Título: “Sistemática filogenética do gêneroBrachycephalus Fitzinger, 1826 (Anura: Brachycephalidae) com base em dados morfológicos.” Comissão Examinadora: Prof. Dr. Antonio Sebben Presidente / Orientador UnB Prof. Dr. José Peres Pombal Jr. Prof. Dr. Lílian Gimenes Giugliano Membro Titular Externo não Vinculado ao Programa Membro Titular Interno Vinculado ao Programa Museu Nacional - UFRJ UnB Prof. Dr. Cristiano de Campos Nogueira Prof. Dr. Rosana Tidon Membro Titular Interno Vinculado ao Programa Membro Titular Interno Vinculado ao Programa UnB UnB Brasília, 30 de maio de 2011 Dedico esse trabalho à minha mãe Corina e aos meus irmãos Flávio, Luciano e Eliane i Agradecimentos Ao Prof. Dr. Antônio Sebben, pela orientação, dedicação, paciência e companheirismo ao longo do trabalho. Ao Prof. Dr. Helio Ricardo da Silva pela orientação, companheirismo e pelo auxílio imprescindível nas expedições de campo. Aos professores Carlos Alberto Schwartz, Elizabeth Ferroni Schwartz, Mácia Renata Mortari e Osmindo Pires Jr. pelos auxílios prestados ao longo do trabalho. Aos técnicos Pedro Ivo Mollina Pelicano, Washington José de Oliveira e Valter Cézar Fernandes Silveira pelo companheirismo e auxílio ao longo do trabalho.
    [Show full text]
  • Amazon Alive: a Decade of Discoveries 1999-2009
    Amazon Alive! A decade of discovery 1999-2009 The Amazon is the planet’s largest rainforest and river basin. It supports countless thousands of species, as well as 30 million people. © Brent Stirton / Getty Images / WWF-UK © Brent Stirton / Getty Images The Amazon is the largest rainforest on Earth. It’s famed for its unrivalled biological diversity, with wildlife that includes jaguars, river dolphins, manatees, giant otters, capybaras, harpy eagles, anacondas and piranhas. The many unique habitats in this globally significant region conceal a wealth of hidden species, which scientists continue to discover at an incredible rate. Between 1999 and 2009, at least 1,200 new species of plants and vertebrates have been discovered in the Amazon biome (see page 6 for a map showing the extent of the region that this spans). The new species include 637 plants, 257 fish, 216 amphibians, 55 reptiles, 16 birds and 39 mammals. In addition, thousands of new invertebrate species have been uncovered. Owing to the sheer number of the latter, these are not covered in detail by this report. This report has tried to be comprehensive in its listing of new plants and vertebrates described from the Amazon biome in the last decade. But for the largest groups of life on Earth, such as invertebrates, such lists do not exist – so the number of new species presented here is no doubt an underestimate. Cover image: Ranitomeya benedicta, new poison frog species © Evan Twomey amazon alive! i a decade of discovery 1999-2009 1 Ahmed Djoghlaf, Executive Secretary, Foreword Convention on Biological Diversity The vital importance of the Amazon rainforest is very basic work on the natural history of the well known.
    [Show full text]
  • From a Cocoa Plantation in Southern Bahia, Brazil
    NORTH-WESTERN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 12 (1): 159-165 ©NwjZ, Oradea, Romania, 2016 Article No.: e151512 http://biozoojournals.ro/nwjz/index.html Diet of Dendropsophus branneri (Cochran, 1948) (Anura: Hylidae) from a cocoa plantation in southern Bahia, Brazil Indira Maria CASTRO1, Raoni REBOUÇAS1,2 and Mirco SOLÉ1,3,* 1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km. 16, Salobrinho, CEP: 45662-900 Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil. 2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Animal), Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Prédio Bárbara Weinberg, 29075-910 Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil. 3. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km. 16, Salobrinho, CEP: 45662-900 Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil. *Corresponding author, M. Solé, E-mail: [email protected] Received: 11. June 2015 / Accepted: 18. September 2015 / Available online: 30. May 2016 / Printed: June 2016 Abstract. In this study we analyze the diet of a population of Dendropsophus branneri from a cocoa plantation in southern Bahia, Brazil. Frogs were captured monthly from August 2010 to July 2011. Stomach contents were retrieved through stomach-flushing and later identified to order level. Our results show that D. branneri feeds mainly on arthropds, such as Diptera, larval Lepidoptera and Araneae. Based on the identified food items and the low number of prey per stomach we conclude that the studied population of D. branneri uses a “sit and wait” strategy. We further conclude that stomach flushing can be successfully applied to frogs from a size of 14.4mm. Key words: trophic resources, stomach flushing, feeding habits, Hylidae, cabruca, Atlantic Rainforest.
    [Show full text]
  • Etar a Área De Distribuição Geográfica De Anfíbios Na Amazônia
    Universidade Federal do Amapá Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical Mestrado e Doutorado UNIFAP / EMBRAPA-AP / IEPA / CI-Brasil YURI BRENO DA SILVA E SILVA COMO A EXPANSÃO DE HIDRELÉTRICAS, PERDA FLORESTAL E MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS AMEAÇAM A ÁREA DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE ANFÍBIOS NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA MACAPÁ, AP 2017 YURI BRENO DA SILVA E SILVA COMO A EXPANSÃO DE HIDRE LÉTRICAS, PERDA FLORESTAL E MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS AMEAÇAM A ÁREA DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE ANFÍBIOS NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical (PPGBIO) da Universidade Federal do Amapá, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre em Biodiversidade Tropical. Orientador: Dra. Fernanda Michalski Co-Orientador: Dr. Rafael Loyola MACAPÁ, AP 2017 YURI BRENO DA SILVA E SILVA COMO A EXPANSÃO DE HIDRELÉTRICAS, PERDA FLORESTAL E MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS AMEAÇAM A ÁREA DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE ANFÍBIOS NA AMAZÔNIA BRASILEIRA _________________________________________ Dra. Fernanda Michalski Universidade Federal do Amapá (UNIFAP) _________________________________________ Dr. Rafael Loyola Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) ____________________________________________ Alexandro Cezar Florentino Universidade Federal do Amapá (UNIFAP) ____________________________________________ Admilson Moreira Torres Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá (IEPA) Aprovada em de de , Macapá, AP, Brasil À minha família, meus amigos, meu amor e ao meu pequeno Sebastião. AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a CAPES pela conceção de uma bolsa durante os dois anos de mestrado, ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Tropical (PPGBio) pelo apoio logístico durante a pesquisa realizada. Obrigado aos professores do PPGBio por todo o conhecimento compartilhado. Agradeço aos Doutores, membros da banca avaliadora, pelas críticas e contribuições construtivas ao trabalho.
    [Show full text]
  • Anura, Eleutherodactylidae)
    Zootaxa 3835 (2): 299–300 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Correspondence ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.11 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:18326E9A-B419-463B-BBF6-87C48CAD6F8E The advertisement call of Adelophryne maranguapensis (Anura, Eleutherodactylidae) DANIEL CASSIANO LIMA1, 2, 4, DIVA MARIA BORGES-NOJOSA3 & SONIA ZANINI CECHIN1 1Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 2Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Faculdade de Educação de Itapipoca, Itapipoca, Ceará, Brazil. 3Núcleo Regional de Ofiologia (NUROF-UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. 4Corresponding author We describe the advertisement call of A. maranguapensis an endangered species endemic to Serra de Maranguape, Ceará, northeastern Brazil (Cassiano-Lima et al., 2011). The monophyletic genus Adelophryne includes eight nominal species and a number of unnamed species of small frogs with direct development, which occur in Amazon, Atlantic Forest, and humid forested mountains of Northeast Brazil (Fouquet et al. 2012). Only the advertisement calls of A. adiastola, A. gutturosa, A. patamona, and A. mucronatus have been so far described (see MacCulloch et al., 2008; Lourenço-de-Moraes et al., 2012). On March 5th, 2012, we recorded four males A. maranguapensis in the litter, between 09:00 a.m. and 11:00 a.m. (air temp. 23oC) at a place called Riacho Beija-Flor (03o53’44.3”S, 38o43’18.8”W, 890 m alt.), at Serra de Maranguape range. One male A. maranguapensis was deposited in Coleção Herpetológica da Universidade Federal do Ceará (CHUFC A 6551).
    [Show full text]
  • A Importância De Se Levar Em Conta a Lacuna Linneana No Planejamento De Conservação Dos Anfíbios No Brasil
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE GOIÁS INSTITUTO DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ECOLOGIA E EVOLUÇÃO A IMPORTÂNCIA DE SE LEVAR EM CONTA A LACUNA LINNEANA NO PLANEJAMENTO DE CONSERVAÇÃO DOS ANFÍBIOS NO BRASIL MATEUS ATADEU MOREIRA Goiânia, Abril - 2015. TERMO DE CIÊNCIA E DE AUTORIZAÇÃO PARA DISPONIBILIZAR AS TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES ELETRÔNICAS (TEDE) NA BIBLIOTECA DIGITAL DA UFG Na qualidade de titular dos direitos de autor, autorizo a Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) a disponibilizar, gratuitamente, por meio da Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD/UFG), sem ressarcimento dos direitos autorais, de acordo com a Lei nº 9610/98, o do- cumento conforme permissões assinaladas abaixo, para fins de leitura, impressão e/ou down- load, a título de divulgação da produção científica brasileira, a partir desta data. 1. Identificação do material bibliográfico: [x] Dissertação [ ] Tese 2. Identificação da Tese ou Dissertação Autor (a): Mateus Atadeu Moreira E-mail: ma- teus.atadeu@gm ail.com Seu e-mail pode ser disponibilizado na página? [x]Sim [ ] Não Vínculo empregatício do autor Bolsista Agência de fomento: CAPES Sigla: CAPES País: BRASIL UF: D CNPJ: 00889834/0001-08 F Título: A importância de se levar em conta a Lacuna Linneana no planejamento de conservação dos Anfíbios no Brasil Palavras-chave: Lacuna Linneana, Biodiversidade, Conservação, Anfíbios do Brasil, Priorização espacial Título em outra língua: The importance of taking into account the Linnean shortfall on Amphibian Conservation Planning Palavras-chave em outra língua: Linnean shortfall, Biodiversity, Conservation, Brazili- an Amphibians, Spatial Prioritization Área de concentração: Biologia da Conservação Data defesa: (dd/mm/aaaa) 28/04/2015 Programa de Pós-Graduação: Ecologia e Evolução Orientador (a): Daniel de Brito Cândido da Silva E-mail: [email protected] Co-orientador E-mail: *Necessita do CPF quando não constar no SisPG 3.
    [Show full text]
  • 3Systematics and Diversity of Extant Amphibians
    Systematics and Diversity of 3 Extant Amphibians he three extant lissamphibian lineages (hereafter amples of classic systematics papers. We present widely referred to by the more common term amphibians) used common names of groups in addition to scientifi c Tare descendants of a common ancestor that lived names, noting also that herpetologists colloquially refer during (or soon after) the Late Carboniferous. Since the to most clades by their scientifi c name (e.g., ranids, am- three lineages diverged, each has evolved unique fea- bystomatids, typhlonectids). tures that defi ne the group; however, salamanders, frogs, A total of 7,303 species of amphibians are recognized and caecelians also share many traits that are evidence and new species—primarily tropical frogs and salaman- of their common ancestry. Two of the most defi nitive of ders—continue to be described. Frogs are far more di- these traits are: verse than salamanders and caecelians combined; more than 6,400 (~88%) of extant amphibian species are frogs, 1. Nearly all amphibians have complex life histories. almost 25% of which have been described in the past Most species undergo metamorphosis from an 15 years. Salamanders comprise more than 660 species, aquatic larva to a terrestrial adult, and even spe- and there are 200 species of caecilians. Amphibian diver- cies that lay terrestrial eggs require moist nest sity is not evenly distributed within families. For example, sites to prevent desiccation. Thus, regardless of more than 65% of extant salamanders are in the family the habitat of the adult, all species of amphibians Plethodontidae, and more than 50% of all frogs are in just are fundamentally tied to water.
    [Show full text]
  • Th`Ese: Christophe THEBAUD´ Et Antoine FOUQUET Rapporteurs : Violaine NICOLAS-COLIN Et Fr´Ed´Ericdelsuc Declaration
    THTHESEESE`` En vue de l’obtention du DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE´ DE TOULOUSE D´elivr´epar : l’Universit´eToulouse 3 Paul Sabatier (UT3 Paul Sabatier) Pr´esent´eeet soutenue le 23/03/2017 par : Jean-Pierre VACHER Diversification in the Guiana Shield as seen through frogs JURY Sebastien´ BROSSE Professeur d’Universit´e Pr´esident du Jury Thibaud DECAENS¨ Professeur d’Universit´e Membre du Jury Miguel VENCES Professeur d’Universit´e Membre du Jury Ecole´ doctorale et sp´ecialit´e: SEVAB : Ecologie,´ biodiversit´eet ´evolution Unit´ede Recherche : Laboratoire Evolution´ et Diversit´eBiologique (UMR 5174) Directeur(s) de Th`ese: Christophe THEBAUD´ et Antoine FOUQUET Rapporteurs : Violaine NICOLAS-COLIN et Fr´ed´ericDELSUC Declaration This work has benefited from an \Investissement d'Avenir" grant managed by Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA, ref.ANR-10-LABX-25-01), France. 2 Acknowledgements Unlike a lot of people, I don't think the Acknowledgments is the most interesting part in a PhD dissertation. And it's actually a quite difficult task to accomplish. Most of the time, words do not flow seamlessly through the pen (or keyboard as we most often use in our modern world). For these reasons, at first I wanted to write a very dull thank you list, mandatory, nothing more. But then I got caught up in the spiral of writing stuff about people, about experiences, and it's actually quite fun. So here it is, four pages of acknowledgements, I hope it's not too boring nor too long. I also hope that you will find your name in the upcoming lines.
    [Show full text]
  • Anura | Eleutherodactylidae | Adelophryne Hoogmoed & Lescure, 1984 Fig. 101. Adelophryne Gutturosa Hoogmoed & Lescure, 1
    Anura | Eleutherodactylidae | Adelophryne Hoogmoed & Lescure, 1984 Fig. 101. Adelophryne gutturosa Hoogmoed & Lescure, 1984. A. Dorsolateral view of male. B. Ventral surface of a male in life. C. Palm (preserved male specimen). D. Sole (preserved male specimen). E. Call, oscillogram. F. Call, spectrogram. (Photos by P. J. R. Kok). 151 11880-08_ABC-taxa5_01.indd880-08_ABC-taxa5_01.indd 115151 222-01-20092-01-2009 111:13:091:13:09 Anura | Hemiphractidae | Stefania Rivero, 1968 Stefania Rivero, 1968 “STEFANIAS” Fig. 102. Stefania roraimae, a species that does not occur in Kaieteur National Park; here from Mt Maringma. (Photo by P. J. R. Kok). Medium to large size Maxillary teeth present Pupil horizontally elliptical (Fig. 42A) Skin on dorsum smooth, shagreened, granular or tuberculate (Fig. 44A-D) Vocal sac absent (no vocal slits, Fig. 53) Fingers unwebbed Finger discs expanded (Fig. 51B) Finger I > II when fingers adpressed Toe V > III when toes adpressed Tympanum present, distinct (Fig. 43A) Frontoparietal and supratympanic crests absent or present (Fig. 41) 152 11880-08_ABC-taxa5_01.indd880-08_ABC-taxa5_01.indd 115252 222-01-20092-01-2009 111:13:121:13:12 Anura | Hemiphractidae | Stefania Rivero, 1968 The genus currently contains 18 species assigned to two different species groups: the Stefania evansi group (“narrow-headed”) and the S. goini group (“broad-headed”). Stefanias are nocturnal, terrestrial or arboreal. They inhabit tropical rainforest, high-tepui forest and tepui bog. Sexual dimorphism Males are distinctly smaller than females; there is no other evident sexual dimorphism or dichromatism. Eggs Eggs and neonates are carried on the back of the female, adhering to a mucus layer.
    [Show full text]
  • Instituto De Biologia Da Universidade De Brasília Departamento De Ciências Fisiológicas Laboratório De Anatomia Comparativa Dos Vertebrados
    Instituto de Biologia da Universidade de Brasília Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas Laboratório de Anatomia Comparativa dos Vertebrados Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal OSTEOLOGIA DE BRACHYCEPHALUS (ANURA: BRACHYCEPHALIDAE): DESENVOLVIMENTO E DIVERSIDADE MORFOLÓGICA DAS PLACAS ÓSSEAS, REGIÃO AUDITIVA E SUA IMPORTÂNCIA PARA O MONOFILETISMO DO GÊNERO Leandro Ambrósio Campos Dissertação de Mestrado Fevereiro de 2007 Osteologia de Brachycephalus (Anura, Brachycephalidae): desenvolvimento e diversidade morfológica das placas ósseas, região auditiva e sua importância para o monofiletismo do gênero Leandro Ambrósio Campos Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal do Instituto de Biologia da Universidade de Brasília para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Biologia Animal Orientador: Dr. Antônio Sebben Brasília, fevereiro de 2007 Dedico aos meus pais João (1932-2005) e Corina, aos meus irmãos, especialmte ao Flávio, pelos sarifí- cios pela minha formação. AGRADECIMENTOS: Ao Prof. Dr. Antonio Sebben, pela orientação, e pela amizade e companherismo ao longo de todo o trabalho. Ao Dr. Hélio Ricardo da Silva, pela grande contribuição no trabalho, leitura de manuscritos e busca por dados. Ao Prof. Dr. Osmindo Rodrigues Pires Jr., por permitir minha participação em suas expedições de coleta e pela grande ajuda no campo. À mestra Leonora Tavares Bastos, minha companheira, pela presença e compreensão em os todos os momentos difíceis, e também pelo auxílio nas técnicas de MEV. Aos estagiários Andréa Lessa Benedet e Flávio Henrique Corrêa Brandão, pela amizade e ajuda ao longo de todo o projeto. À Profª Dra Sônia Nair Bao, pela instrução e permissão de uso do MEV. Aos técnicos Washington José de Oliveira e Valter Cesar Fernandes Silveira, pelo companherismo e auxílio ao longo do trabalho.
    [Show full text]