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The attempt on our part can at best be conceivr-'d as a sketchy an I introductory nature made with the mo<ler;t pttrpose of acqua ing the country--men and making them fe,el concerned with tne grave situation prevalent in Punjab. This booklet is intended to be sp-'cifically targetterd to the secular, democratic and revolutionary sec;tions ol the people ol lndia. ln so far as these sections are concerned, we have assumed that the nalure and role of state violencer as a reactionary and anti-people phenomenon is not contro'rersial in these sections. Hence it is fudher assumed that our ittadequate dealing of the phenomenon of state lerrorism will not tte construed as any soft- pedalling or sympathy' lo slale terrorism" Tlre state was'and remains a sworn enemy of the people o{ lrrdia includinq Puniab' ill We, in all humility invite and will al)preciate any cornments, criticism or suggestions lrom the reader;. Due to our inadequate PART-I cornmanc over the English language, any distate in language encounlered by the readers is regretted. - Publishers. SEPT. 15,1992 PUNJAB TURMOIL : THE PEOPLE'S PERCEPTION i ,t .it I I tionary.phenomeurn malerialised, as an expression of the anii_ people designs 8, rnanoeuvers of various ruling class lactions. BACKGR(lUt\lD BEFORE THEi TURMOIL ANt) Before, during & even after the emergency, the political scene in the country as well as in punjab was dilferent. No doubt, the DEVELOPMENT OF: IHE TURMOIL various ruling cla,ss factions were engaged in a bitter dog fight to grab a much larger share in state-power for then., throughout this period. They werr-. also trying lheir utmost to decieve These days a reaclionary turmoir dominates ail warks of sociar & involve the people in this re:rclionary dog-fight. This process life in Punjab. The twin phenomenon c,f Khalistani & state terrorism was creating a non-class polarisalion among lhem. For this the ruling are playing havoc with lhe democratic rights of the people-the right class forces were rnainly relyinq on popularr slogans such ,Garibi Hatao', to live being the pnme target of the reactionorl, slms6 gangs of as restoralion or det'ence of democracy etc. Even in punjab, both types. Diflerent crass politicalfc rces are interprerting & explan- these forces ciid nol usr: the religlous communal sentiments ing this turmoil according lo their o,vrr dlass interL,sts. l-he rulers as the main weapon in lheir re'actionary' dog{ight. The in Delhi project the "extremisnr" in Furrj;lb as a rnischief of ,'loreign Ananclpur Sahib Besolu- tion--though pasr;ecl in 1973, did noi prevent the Akali leadership enemies" which has emerged as. a serious danger to the "Unity & from makinl a c()rnmon ciause even wirh the Hindu integrity of lhe country." They ctain Irert lhe state's armed forces communalist forces like Jan sarrgh/t3JP to capture political power. are performing the sacred duty of d,;fr:rrding the nation, in punjab. The brutal state repression, unleershed cluring on the other hand, the other lactiorr cf ruling classes is projecting the emergency, was never presenled as suppress,ion of Sikh religious minority punjabi lhe Khalistani terroist movement as l jurst figlrt against the oppres- or people even by llre ,:ommunalAkali leadership. Rather, sion of sikh religious minority and purrlabi nationarity. According they advo_ cated & inrplernenled the policy of alliance with national to them, the oppression of Sikh mass es by lhe rep,ressive rulers level opposition pitrties for thr: "restoration ol democracy.,, The in Delhi has forced the Punjabi )/ouilllr) tal<e- up arms for restoring so called issues & dernands of Sikhs or the punjabi people never played the lost honour of the Sikh "Quom." llvernts likr., opera(ion Blue Star a crucial role in givirrg shape to lhe polarisation among & anti-Sikh riots of November 'tr984 a-e citerd as striking examples lhe Akati leadership 8 olherr rulinr; class-political groupings in punjab. of the policy ol genocide of Siikhs teinr; prurrsued by,tndian rulers since 1947. The Pherto-n()non of Sikh religious lundamentalism emerged initially on the rsor:io-political scene in punjab, not as an offensive The people's perceplion of "Purrjab probl,3rn,,, is and must be against the Jindu religious community but againrst the Nirankari enlirely different from that ol rulinJ classres. To understand the secl--an o{fshoot of Siklrism itself . essence of the reactionary lurrnoil in P11nj45, it is necerssary to study On the eve of a big religious congregation org:lnised the process of its emergenct,r & gr,>vrllr in the oontexl ol overall by the then Nirankari Chief--tlatra C,urbachan Singh -- at Amrilsar on April 1S, political situation developing in the ( orrnlry as werll as in punjab in 1975 as a shou,o[ slrenolh in the light {or religious srLlpremacy the lace ol the speedy and slrarp g'o,M:h ol the,all-round crisis of against Jarnail Sinr;h t3hirrdranwale and others, a fierce armecl the semi{eudal semi colonial syslen' a s part ol the world imperialist clash tool< place ,n rruhich rnore than a dozen persons were killed, system. Here we shalltry to present the chain of significant events r4 mosl of thern belorrged to the Sikh fundamentalist's from the socio-political scene of Punjrb lhrouElrwlrri:h this reac- camp. This incident was utilir;ed lo launch a lrenzied & poisonous offensive against lhe followrers of the Nirankari sect. A Hukamnarna (religious almost solely on 'eerctionary slogans, moves & manoeuvers in their edict) was issued from the Akerl Taktat, the hiqhes;t retigious & light-against ea<;h other for grabbing power and against lndian temporal seat of the Sikhs. lt orrjain,:d the {jil,lhs, not to have any masses to keep th€'e:(ploitative system intact. Congress (l) regime social relations with the Nirankaris. Alnrost all lrlirankari Bharvans-- emerged as the rnosl zealous & capable champion of tl'ris reaction- )he places where they gathere<l lor re igious cliscourser, were sealed ary policy. The forcr:s ol national, regional, caste & religious in Punjab. The Akalis, dominatingl thr". statr: government lhen, chauvinism were consciously encouraged lo create dissensions openly supported & took part in thes,) rrrrcverj-- to consolidate their people. T'tre unclerlying was to dived their just comnrunal vote-base among the trrcitionarl rSikh rnasses. They amongest the aim anger against the explc,itative system, in a counter-productive & made openly provocative stalenre rts lhreatening that the offensiv,a against each other and to drag the people into Nirankaris would not be allowerd to s:el) on the soilof Punjab. Ban suicidal on their religious books was also dernlrrrJ,.cl the reactionary powor struggle of the ruling class factions. This ruling class policy wirs marked wiih lhe irnprints of the utter need But these developments did not aff(rgt 11196;1 the overall political world implerrialist for its the scene (situation) in Punjab. l'he co tcross (t) and other nalional of the system to seek, surviverl, unbridled growth of reacticlnilr)/ rnovements trased on casl, religious, ethnic level parties were vying with each <,tl er to rnake alliances with & national charuviinir;m every where especially the third world use the regional political parties aq:rirsli eacir other in lheir reac- or This; rearctionary weapon was given particular sig- tionary power tussel. The Akali leade's tip irr Punjab, lvhile continu- countries. nificance by the w3slern irnperialist camp as a parl ol its policies ing its honeymoon with the oppositio I ()arrnp, uras alsr) keeping tl,e for delence of workJ imprerialist system as well as their specilic option lor a power-sharing compromisr: vvith the conqress, open. the imperialist interests. Even in 1980, the political polaris ltion insicle the l\kali Dal took ln Punjab, this reactionary {l anli-people policy manifes;ted itself place not on the issues like the rights c,f the Sikhs or the Panjabis, in the dangerour; nro\/es to encourerge Sikh communal lerrorism to but on the choice of election alliance pilrtner lrom amongest the marginalise Dal in the ddg fight for spoils ol power. The BJP and the so called left parties. Sarrt Jarnaril Singh Bhirrderan- the Allal Congress regirne lefl no stone unturned in boostirlg the image of wale, the emerging champion of Siktr frrndamentaisint, too, did not Sant Bhinderan'werle as a parallel power centre to the traditional talk in terms of enmity between the "Oentre" and the Siikhs. lnstead Akali leadership. l-le ,was openly supported by the Congress (l) to he advocaled an Akali-Congress. coirlilion in Punjab. S.G.P.C.
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