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Richard Turits [email protected] Program in Agrarian Studies, Yale University October 14, 2005
Note to seminar participants: The following work is roughly 10,500 words excluding the endnotes. I understand that the workshop's limit is 10,000 words so please feel free to ignore the notes and even the final section. Many thanks for reading this. I look forward to the discussion. Race beyond the Plantation: Slavery and Freedom in Colonial Santo Domingo Richard Turits [email protected] Program in Agrarian Studies, Yale University October 14, 2005 Work-in-progress (please do not distribute without author's permission). In recent decades, scholars have fully discredited the notion common in the early and mid- twentieth century that the history of race and slavery in Latin America was both fundamentally different from and relatively benign compared with that of the United States.1 Yet the idea that race and slavery were the same phenomena across time, space, and mode of production (namely, plantation, cattle, gold mining, or urban artisan economies) is also untenable.2 One key feature of slavery that did vary significantly across the Americas from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century was the potential for slaves to gain their freedom through legal manumission or by running away. In the Greater Spanish Caribbean, the relative feasibility of slaves' self-purchase, escape, and gratuitous manumission led to far larger free populations of African descent than those that formed in the British colonies and eventually the United States. Indeed, in Santo Domingo, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, and Caribbean Colombia, free people of color constituted the plurality or even majority of society at certain points (a feature that also characterized large regions, and ultimately all, of Brazil). -
The Ideological Origins of the French Mediterranean Empire, 1789-1870
The Civilizing Sea: The Ideological Origins of the French Mediterranean Empire, 1789-1870 The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Dzanic, Dzavid. 2016. The Civilizing Sea: The Ideological Origins of the French Mediterranean Empire, 1789-1870. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33840734 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA The Civilizing Sea: The Ideological Origins of the French Mediterranean Empire, 1789-1870 A dissertation presented by Dzavid Dzanic to The Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of History Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts August 2016 © 2016 - Dzavid Dzanic All rights reserved. Advisor: David Armitage Author: Dzavid Dzanic The Civilizing Sea: The Ideological Origins of the French Mediterranean Empire, 1789-1870 Abstract This dissertation examines the religious, diplomatic, legal, and intellectual history of French imperialism in Italy, Egypt, and Algeria between the 1789 French Revolution and the beginning of the French Third Republic in 1870. In examining the wider logic of French imperial expansion around the Mediterranean, this dissertation bridges the Revolutionary, Napoleonic, Restoration (1815-30), July Monarchy (1830-48), Second Republic (1848-52), and Second Empire (1852-70) periods. Moreover, this study represents the first comprehensive study of interactions between imperial officers and local actors around the Mediterranean. -
Pedro F. Bonó and Nineteenth-Century Santo Domingo
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Contrapunteo Dominicano: Pedro F. Bonó and Nineteenth-Century Santo Domingo A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Literature by Diego Ubiera Committee in charge: Professor Sara Johnson, Co-Chair Professor Misha Kokotovic, Co-Chair Professor Jaime Concha Professor Robin Derby Professor Luis Martín-Cabrera Professor Nancy Postero 2015 Copyright Diego Ubiera, 2015 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of Diego Ubiera is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Co-Chair ________________________________________________________________________ Co-Chair University of California, San Diego 2015 iii DEDICATION For my parents iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page……………………………………………………………………………iii Dedication…………………………………………………………………………….......iv Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………….v List of Figures………………………………………………………………………….....vi Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………vii Vita………………………………………………………………………………………..ix Abstract of the Dissertation………………….……………………………………………x Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………….1 -
The Limits of Independence
RUTH FIRST Libya The Elusive Revolution Part II: The Limits of Independence First published by Penguin Books in 1974 Republished in 2012 by the Ruth First Papers Project www.ruthfirstpapers.org.uk Part II : The Limits of Independence MEDITERRANEAN SEA / \ I \ Hummadalt AI Hamra \, Grc:al Sand Stu of Calatucia \ UAR l (EGYPT) y FEZZAN Hantj AIAifflld A \ \ I Rurrn Mur=w! e SandSta \ Total or<:or Libya r,759,ooosq. km. - -- - ---- :;....;:...- ::..:.;.- 2 Hostage to History and Geography The Ancient Greeks gave the name Libye to all North Africa west of Egypt, but for many .centuries the terms Tripoli or Barbary (after the corsairs who practised piracy in the Mediterr• anean) were used instead. It was in 1934, after the completion of the Italian conquest of Cyrenaica and Tripolitania, that the two provinces were united under Italian over-rule as the colony of Libia. The independent State that was established in 1951 kept that name as the one associated with the region from ancient times. The political divisions of the former provinces of Cyrenaica, Tripolitania, and Fezzan corresponded with the country's natural physical barriers and differences. Geography had made the ancient affiliations of the two coastal regions dissimilar - Cyrenaica's early history was influenced by Greece and Egypt, whereas Tripolitania fell under Rome and was close to Tunisia. The Arab invasions had unifying effects on the population, as did the Turkish occupation in the sixteenth century. But the three provinces were never closely unified,and successive foreign powers, whether they controlled all of modern Libya or only parts of it, generally continued to follow the natural divisions of the country in the shape of their administrations. -
The AAF in Northwest Africa
DISTRIBUTION STATEMEFNT A Approved for Public Release Distribution Unlimited Wings at War Series, No. 6 The AAF in Northwest Africa AN ACCOUNT OF THE TWELFTH AIR FORCE IN THE NORTHWEST AFRICAN LANDINGS AND THE BATFLE FOR TUNISIA An Interim Report Published by Headquarters, Army Air Forces Washington, D. C. Office of Assistant Chief of Air Staff, Intelligence New Imprint by the Center for Air Force History Washington- D- C- 1992 20050429 005 Wings at War COMMEMORATIVE EDITION Originally published shortly after key air campaigns, the Wings at War series captures the spirit and tone of America's World War II experience. Eyewitness accounts of Army Air Forces' aviators and details from the official histories enliven the story behind each of six important AAF operations. In coopera- tion with the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Center for Air Force History has reprinted the entire series to honor the airmen who fought so valiantly fifty years ago. ,.' Celtrfor Air Force History Washington, D.C. DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved REPORT OMB No. 0704-0188 The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, Including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. -
States of Ghetto, Ghettos of States: Haiti and the “Era De Francia” in the Dominican Republic, 1804–1808
States of Ghetto, Ghettos of States: Haiti and the “Era de Francia” in the Dominican Republic, 1804–1808 Deborah Jenson The Global South, Volume 6, Number 1, Spring 2012, pp. 156-171 (Article) Published by Indiana University Press For additional information about this article http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/gbs/summary/v006/6.1.jenson.html Access provided by Duke University Libraries (1 Oct 2013 08:00 GMT) States of Ghetto, Ghettos of States: Haiti and the “Era de Francia” in the Dominican Republic, 1804–1808 Deborah Jenson ABSTRACT In December 2009, the “Ghetto Biennale,” billed as a salon des refusés for the 21st century, was held in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, a country al- ready rhetorically ghettoized within its planetary neighborhood by the label “the poorest country in the Western hemisphere.” Within Haiti, the Cité Soleil ghetto is often treated as a war zone within a country that is not at war, or like a criminal version of a civil zone — an uncivil zone. In Cité, events like the post-Aristide United Nations Minustah campaign popularly named “Without Pity for the City” recently found an unexpected counterpart in the May 2010 military and police opera- tions in Tivoli Gardens and elsewhere in Kingston, Jamaica. Tivoli Gardens, like Cité Soleil, raises many questions of the freedoms, un- freedoms, and quasi- or anti-states built on the margins of constitu- - ated with Christopher Dudus Coke, is proportional to the struggles of - ally. From Haiti, the earliest example of a self-emancipated Afro-dia- sporic postcolonial state, we can glean the devastating obstacles to the establishment of internationally recognized sovereignty. -
Report on the Progress of Civil Aviation 1939 – 1945
Report on the Progress of Civil Aviation 1939 – 1945 Prepared by John Wilson from contemporary documents in the library of the Civil Aviation Authority Foreword Page 1 Chapter I 1939: Civil Aviation after the outbreak of War Page 4 Chapter II Empire and Trans-Oceanic Services Page 9 Appendix B Details of Services Operated During the Period, set out year by year Page 68 Appendix C Regular Air Services in British Empire Countries other than the United Kingdom, set out year by year Page 140 Note that names of companies and places are copied as they were typed in the UK on a standard typewriter. Therefore no accented letters were available, and they have not been added into this transcript. Report on the Progress of Civil Aviation 1939 - 1945 Foreword by John Wilson When in the 1980s I was trying to unravel the exact story surrounding a PBY aircraft called "Guba" and its wartime career in carrying airmails to and from West Africa, I came across a voluminous report [Ref.1] in the Civil Aviation Authority (C.A.A.) Library which gave me the answers to most, if not all, of my questions, and enabled me to write a short booklet [Ref.2] on the vicissitudes of trying to keep an airmail service running in wartime conditions. The information contained in the report was so comprehensive that I was able to use it to answer questions raised by other researchers, both philatelic and aeronautic, but my response to requests for "a copy" of the full document had to be negative because I was well aware of the perils of copyright law as applied at the time, and also aware of the sheer cost of reproduction (I still have the original invoice for the photocopying charges levied by the C.A.A. -
FINAL ACTS of the EXTRAORDINARY ADMINISTRATIVE RADIO CONFERENCE GENEVA, 1951 Volume III ANNEX 2 Region 1
This electronic version (PDF) was scanned by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Library & Archives Service from an original paper document in the ITU Library & Archives collections. La présente version électronique (PDF) a été numérisée par le Service de la bibliothèque et des archives de l'Union internationale des télécommunications (UIT) à partir d'un document papier original des collections de ce service. Esta versión electrónica (PDF) ha sido escaneada por el Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (UIT) a partir de un documento impreso original de las colecciones del Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la UIT. (ITU) ﻟﻼﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻻﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺃﺟﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﺝ (PDF) ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ .ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧ ﻘ ﻼً 此电子版（PDF版本）由国际电信联盟（ITU）图书馆和档案室利用存于该处的纸质文件扫描提供。 Настоящий электронный вариант (PDF) был подготовлен в библиотечно-архивной службе Международного союза электросвязи путем сканирования исходного документа в бумажной форме из библиотечно-архивной службы МСЭ. BIBLIOTHÈQUE DE L’U. I. T. ACTES FINALS TOT DE LA CONFÉRENCE ADMINISTRATIVEI EXTRAORDINAIRE DES RADIOCOMMUNICATIONS GENÈVE 1951 Volume III ANNEXE 2 Région 1 FINAL ACTS OF THE EXTRAORDINARY ADMINISTRATIVE RADIO CONFERENCE GENEVA, 1951 Volume III ANNEX 2 Region 1 ACTAS FINALES UNION DE LA INTERNATIONALE CONFERENCIA ADMINISTRATIVA EXTRAORDINARIA DE RADIOCOMUNICACIONES DES TÉLÉCOMMUNICATIONS GINEBRA 1951 GENÈVE Volumen III ANEXO 2 Región -
Flying Officer David Elwyn Walters Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve
Flying Officer David Elwyn Walters Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve 1940-46 Preface This is an attempt to tell as much as possible of the story of my father’s service in the Royal Air Force between 1940 when he enlisted and the date of his discharge after the Second World War in 1946; his journey through the ranks from enlisted man to commissioned officer and from “Blighty” to Africa, the Middle and Far East and back again. While it tries to tell of a more memorable time in his life, rather than the story of his whole life, it’s fair to say that the period of his service during the war and after was probably the most important part. Many of the details of everyday life are now forgotten, gone to the grave with those who lived through those momentous events but some of the tales are retold here, albeit with some minor unintentional changes, omissions or even additions; that all depends upon my own memory and how much of the stories my father chose to remember and some of the letters that were somehow saved. He was just an ordinary bloke from an ordinary background who found himself taking part in some of the most extraordinary times in history. He didn’t do anything to mark him out from the rest, just an ordinary bloke doing what had to be done as his part to end the madness of war and he survived. If I have to dedicate this small work to anyone then obviously it has to be first to my father and mother and then to the 125,000 other ordinary blokes, brave men every last one who answered the call and nightly flew against the Nazi evil as “The Bomber Boys”; the men of RAF Bomber Command and the 55,573 who failed to return. -
Libya and Egypt
Luftwaffe Airfields 1935-45 Luftwaffe Airfields 1935-45 Libya (Tripolitania & Cyrenaica) & Egypt By Henry L. deZeng IV Benina/North 21.02.41 Shown: 10 hangars (7 of which are partially destroyed), administrative and related buildings, barracks, quarters, storage buildings and a number of others, airfield operations buildings and the munitions dump. Benina/South is at the bottom right of the photo Edition: March 2016 Luftwaffe Airfields 1935-45 Copyright © by Henry L. deZeng IV (Work in Progress). (1st Draft 2016) Blanket permission is granted by the author to researchers to extract information from this publication for their personal use in accordance with the generally accepted definition of fair use laws. Otherwise, the following applies: All rights reserved. No part of this publication, an original work by the authors, may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the author. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. This information is provided on an "as is" basis without condition apart from making an acknowledgement of authorship. Luftwaffe Airfields 1935-45 Airfields Libya and Egypt Introduction Conventions 1. For the purpose of this reference work, “Libya and Egypt” means the borders that existed on 10 June 1940, the date Italy declared war on Britain and France, with hostilities commencing along the Libyan-Egyptian border the following day. 2. All place name spellings are as they appear in wartime German, Italian and Allied documents with the addition of alternate spellings where known, these mainly being transliterated spellings from Arabic. -
Encuentro Con El Caribe Francés
literatos de investigadores de arqueología y etnohistoria arqueólogos antropólogos historiadores Un encuentro entre literatos, historiadores, arqueólogos y antropólogos de Haití,Guadalupe, Martinica y Puerto Rico. Fundación Cultural Educativa Inc. - Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña encuentrocon el caribeUn encuentro entre literatos, francés historiadores, arqueólogos y antropólogos de Haití, Guadalupe, Martinica y Puerto Rico. Este encuentro ha sido organizado por la Fundación Cultural Educatión Inc. Todos los derechos reservados. La adaptación, reproducción total o parcial, por cualquier medio, queda estrictamente prohibida sin autorización previa del autor o del Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña. El material contenido en esta publicación puede ser citado siempre que se dé el crédito correspondiente. El contenido y estilo de los artículos es responsabilidad de sus autores. No significa que el Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña se solidariza con los puntos de vista expuestos por el autor. © 2010 Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña créditos JUNTA DE DIRECTORES JUNTA DE DIRECTORES Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña Fundación Cultural Educativa Inc. Dr. Rafael Colón Olivieri Dr. Sebastian Robiou Lamarche Presidente Interino Presidente Dr. José Alberty Monroig Prof. Angel Olmeda Vicepresidente Vicepresidente Dr. Gonzalo Córdova Profa. Grisselle Merced Hernández Secretario Secretaria General Dra. Loretta Phelps de Córdova Sr. Jorge Maisonet Dr. Rodolfo Lugo Ferrer Tesorero Prof. Manuel Álvarez Lezama Junta de Directores Fundación Cultural Educativa Inc. P.O. Box 9403 Prof. Mercedes Gómez Marrero San Juan, PR 00908 Directora Ejecutiva Arqla. Laura Del Olmo Frese Directora del Programa de Arqueología y Etnohistoria PRODUCCIÓN Editorial Arqla. Laura Del Olmo Frese Editora Edna Isabel Acosta Diseño y Diagramación Contenido Introducción 8 Dr. Sebastián Robiou Lamarche - Presidente, Fundación Cultural Educativa Inc. -
The Martyrdom of a Moroccan Jewish Saint Brill’S Series in Jewish Studies
The Martyrdom of a Moroccan Jewish Saint Brill’s Series in Jewish Studies Series Editor David S. Katz VOLUME 44 The Martyrdom of a Moroccan Jewish Saint by Sharon Vance LEIDEN • BOSTON 2011 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Vance, Sharon, 1963– The martyrdom of a Moroccan Jewish saint / by Sharon Vance. p. cm. — (Brill’s series in Jewish studies ; v. 44) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-20700-4 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Hatchuel, Sol, 1817–1834. 2. Morocco—Ethnic relations—Historiography. 3. Jewish martyrs—Morocco— Historiography. 4. Zaddikot—Morocco—Historiography. 5. Jews—Morocco— History—19th century. 6. Jewish-Arab relations. I. Title. II. Series: Brill’s series in Jewish studies ; v. 44. DS135.M9H388 2011 305.892’4—dc22 2011008039 ISSN 0926-2261 ISBN 978-90-04-20700-4 Copyright 2011 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints BRILL, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. CONTENTS Acknowledgements ..................................................................... vii Note on transliteration ............................................................... ix Introduction ................................................................................ 1 Chapter One The Many Lives of Sol Hatchuel ...................