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FSL Cluster Coordinator Mission Report to Torit (Former Eastern Equatoria State): 23–25Th July 2019

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FSL Cluster Coordinator Mission Report to Torit (Former Eastern Equatoria State): 23–25Th July 2019 FSL cluster coordinator mission report to Torit (former Eastern Equatoria State): 23–25th July 2019 Mission purpose: support FSLC partners and understand the changing context across Torit and western EES: Magwi/ Lafon/ Ikwotos) Objective: Support FSLC partners in Torit through the FSL State sub cluster with field mission to rural Torit/ Lafon: Tues 23rd: travel to Torit; context analysis with cluster partners: o Participatory mapping with FSLC partners: drivers & severity of food insecurity Wed 24th: attend cluster meeting in Torit: o Present on functions/ principles of coordination/ essentials of integration o Mapping exercise showing partners: transitioning towards resilience & integration with other sectors o Briefing with FAO focal point Thurs 25th: o Briefing with WFP head FO and FSLC focal point; o Return to Juba Photo of Imatong mountain courtesy of AVSI colleagues operating in Ikwotos 1 The mission report below: 1. Looks at the wider FSL context across the four counties through discussions and mapping exercise with FSLC partners; 2. Looks at the FSL cluster after attending and presenting at the July 24th meeting at the MoA in Torit town with suggestions on simple tools to harness the key information for coordination: updated mailing lists for information dissemination and participatory mapping at payam and even boma level of who is doing what and where in each county; 3. Looks at the range of activities and foot print that FSLC partners have across the four counties given the brief time we had together; and the finally 4. Some follow up actions; the most important being the (I) participatory mapping who/ what/ where partners at Payam level for each county; (II) update mailing list; and (III) updated contact details for Magwi County level sub cluster. Other field missions have been longer which has provided more time for field visits with partners and even to conduct food security assessments in the field. I hope that this can be accomplished on a follow up visit. Finally a big thank you (1) to all those who gave their time during the two days I was in Torit; and (2) for the inspiring work that you continue to do under challenging circumstances. Participatory mapping of the context and hot spots across the four counties of western former EE State: Annex 2: provides the January 2019 IPC State analysis report with details of ALL eight counties. The following main assumptions were used to project the food security into the present period May – July. Please note which assumptions were, at this time, correct and which did not hold to be correct (and please let me know): Rainfall: FEWSNET projection Feb/ March to be normally; June / Sept normal onset of rains and expected to be above average; (rains were late by 1 month) Price trends: CLIMIS white maize price in 2019 projected to increase about 15% higher than those of 2018 and by the peak of the lean season these increase by about 25% (are we still seeing high prices at this time?); Economic crisis: expected to continue well into 2019 and possibly beyond (highly likely) Conflict & security: raiding to continue/ road insecurity persisting/ national conflict remains stable (we mapped a number of key conflict flash points with disruption to cultivation; few returnees and they will not return until the SPLA soldiers leave – national conflict is still very much a factor in Greater Torit) Income: remain same from livestock sales, mining, surplus production, sale of natural resources e.g. firewood & charcoal/ some salaried workers (please confirm) Food sources: stocks already run out or running out for most people into the lean season/ wild food options also decline/ fishing very limited/ milk & meat when livestock return in June & July (this was communicated by key informants) Humanitarian Food Assistance: WFP seasonal scale up planned for March – September as in 2018; (yes, this is happening; though disrupted in Lafon due to road access problems) Nutrition: expected to deteriorate into the lean season (likely but do not have the data to confirm) 2 Two exercises were conducted: (1) January 2019 IPC with food analysts from WFP/ FAO/ Government/ AVSI in Juba; and (2) July 2019 with NGO FSLC partners in Torit: WFP/ FOCUS/ CARITAS/ AVSI/ Save Children/ Plan/ BRAC/ Ark for Humanity. The findings are presented below in the tables and maps: Causes of food insecurity across the region: Chronic (July 2019) Acute (July 2019) Acute (January 2019) Lack of HYV seeds; input supply 1. Conflict/ insecurity/ -Focus on cattle raiding from Kapoeta & (agro dealers/ market demand); displacement from Budi with agro pastoralists in Lafon & Structural/ cultural/ poverty farms (fear of potential east Ikotos. Banditry along roads since factors (risk aversion) against returnees due to iG 2013; especially 2015 - 2017 changes to production systems military presence still (lack capital for high input seen as threat) #1= rank; price rises of staple foods: systems) maize & sorghum; after 2016 disruption Traditional production systems: 2. Continued macro of trade routes & insecurity/ poor road small acreage/ labour shortage/ economic crisis: infrastructure/ currency devaluation; limited ox plough adoption/ currency depreciation especially given the high market limited surplus production & high food prices dependency of ALL HHs especially urban Seasonal rains/ poor road & agro pastoral network/ road closure/ severe disruption to market access/ #1= rank: Dry spells in 2018: especially delivery of food & emergency 3. Climatic: especially Torit/ east Ikwotos/ Lafon/ west Magwi crop kits floods & dry spells & flooding Gender division of labour: women main farmers 4. Pests: especially FAW -White Ear Cob migration July – August (overburdened with social/ since July 2017 and north and returning south in dry season reproductive & productive work) wildlife to Kidepo valley Very high post-harvest losses (PHL) -Especially long duration sorghum Dependency syndrome: 3 5. Wild fires during Dec – Jan; high preference for decades of relief; time spent in long duration sorghum camps when 100% dependent; decline in the male cultivation Stability: protracted erosion of assets 2015 – 2018 especially teams of past livestock sales; overuse of forest resources (charcoal, leaves, poles etc.) See January 2019 mapping exercise from the IPC analysis with the EES team showing the main livelihood zones across the region: Green Belt Highland forest & sorghum; and Agro pastoral cattle & sorghum Semi arid pastoral & agro pastoralism For full descriptions of these livelihood zones refer to the FEWSNET (2018) livelihood zones in South Sudan manual: https://fscluster.org/south-sudan-rep/document/south-sudan-livelihood-zones-2018 3 Livelihood zones across Greater Torit (Magwi/ Lafon/ Torit/ Ikwotos counties): Context related discussions at MOA and the FSLC meeting (July 24th) for the four counties Lafon, Torit, Magwi and Ikwotos (term being used ‘Greater Torit’) included: Farming outlook: better than 2018; Late rains; but generally good 1st season; active pre- positioning of cereals & seeds by WFO and FAO (with seeds delivered on time); MOA supportive of the planned storage depot to be built in Torit (previously supplies came to Torit from Kapoeta); currently consumption of the green maize harvest; with preparation for the 2nd season; FAW surveillance estimated that 75% farms assessed were infected – considered alarming; Returns: Agriculture DG estimated (and triangulated with WFP FSNMS team) that returning citizens were few: about 35% returned to Magwi (especially around Nimule); many partial households moving back and forth between refugee camp and farms; populations to Lafon, Torit and Ikwotos considered to be far lower than the % in Magwi; Conditional GFD seen by local authorities as positive move from WFP; Security: calm with sporadic cases of banditry along Nimule – Juba road; and a criminal killing along Torit – Imatong road; Road access: creating havoc (poor road network plus rains) for field missions and especially WFP cereal/ nutrition supplement deliveries; KIs even describe out migration of Lafon 4 residents to Juba and other locations as GFD delivery has not been possible (no details of numbers). Focal points of the four FSNMS teams presented, at the FSLC meeting, their summary findings were collectively summarized by the county IPC focal point: “Better rainfall then 2018; food security generally promising by July which had been poor owing to the unusually long lean season (shortage of cereal stocks due to the poor 2018 harvest). Rains were initially late meaning the green harvest (now) is one month later than ‘normal’. Concern though for Lafon which is, currently, badly affected by floods. FAO: flood affected HHs to be part of the 2nd season vulnerability criteria for emergency crop kit distribution; County level mapping of food insecure hot spots with FSLC partners – July 2019: Magwi: Pre crisis Green Belt potential far from being realised as few people are cultivating: Farming population thought to be only 35% (approx..) of that in 2016; Lowa region (west): 100% farmers migrated in 2016 very few have returned; Pajok region (east) some returns but largely transient farmers ‘back & forth’ from refugee camp; Two locations where Bor Dinka cattle identified now; not just herders: but soldiers, well armed and capable of disrupting cultivation; Wide spread presence of SPLA soldiers is a major deterrent for returnees from Uganda. 5 Ikwotos: poorer natural resource endowment on the leeward/ dry side
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