<I> Peziza Arvernensis, P. Pseudovesiculosa
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Peziza and Pezizaceae Inferred from Multiple Nuclear Genes: RPB2, -Tubulin, and LSU Rdna
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36 (2005) 1–23 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Evolutionary relationships of the cup-fungus genus Peziza and Pezizaceae inferred from multiple nuclear genes: RPB2, -tubulin, and LSU rDNA Karen Hansen ¤, Katherine F. LoBuglio, Donald H. PWster Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Received 5 May 2004; revised 17 December 2004 Available online 22 April 2005 Abstract To provide a robust phylogeny of Pezizaceae, partial sequences from two nuclear protein-coding genes, RPB2 (encoding the sec- ond largest subunit of RNA polymerase II) and -tubulin, were obtained from 69 and 72 specimens, respectively, to analyze with nuclear ribosomal large subunit RNA gene sequences (LSU). The three-gene data set includes 32 species of Peziza, and 27 species from nine additional epigeous and six hypogeous (truZe) pezizaceous genera. Analyses of the combined LSU, RPB2, and -tubulin data set using parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian approaches identify 14 Wne-scale lineages within Pezizaceae. Species of Peziza occur in eight of the lineages, spread among other genera of the family, conWrming the non-monophyly of the genus. Although parsimony analyses of the three-gene data set produced a nearly completely resolved strict consensus tree, with increased conWdence, relationships between the lineages are still resolved with mostly weak bootstrap support. Bayesian analyses of the three- gene data, however, show support for several more inclusive clades, mostly congruent with Bayesian analyses of RPB2. No strongly supported incongruence was found among phylogenies derived from the separate LSU, RPB2, and -tubulin data sets. The RPB2 region appeared to be the most informative single gene region based on resolution and clade support, and accounts for the greatest number of potentially parsimony informative characters within the combined data set, followed by the LSU and the -tubulin region. -
Mycologist News
MYCOLOGIST NEWS The newsletter of the British Mycological Society 2012 (4) Edited by Prof. Pieter van West and Dr Anpu Varghese 2013 BMS Council BMS Council and Committee Members 2013 President Prof. Geoffrey D. Robson Vice-President Prof. Bruce Ing President Elect Prof Nick Read Treasurer Prof. Geoff M Gadd Secretary Position vacant Publications Officer Dr. Pieter van West International Initiatives Adviser Prof. AJ Whalley Fungal Biology Research Committee representatives: Dr. Elaine Bignell; Prof Nick Read Fungal Education and Outreach Committee: Dr. Paul S. Dyer; Dr Ali Ashby Field Mycology and Conservation: Dr. Stuart Skeates, Mrs Dinah Griffin Fungal Biology Research Committee Prof. Nick Read (Chair) retiring 31.12. 2013 Dr. Elaine Bignell retiring 31.12. 2013 Dr. Mark Ramsdale retiring 31.12. 2013 Dr. Pieter van West retiring 31.12. 2013 Dr. Sue Crosthwaite retiring 31.12. 2014 Prof. Mick Tuite retiring 31.12. 2014 Dr Alex Brand retiring 31.12. 2015 Fungal Education and Outreach Committee Dr. Paul S. Dyer (Chair and FBR link) retiring 31.12. 2013 Dr. Ali Ashby retiring 31.12. 2013 Ms. Carol Hobart (FMC link) retiring 31.12. 2012 Dr. Sue Assinder retiring 31.12. 2013 Dr. Kay Yeoman retiring 31.12. 2013 Alan Williams retiring 31.12. 2014 Prof Lynne Boddy (Media Liaison) retiring 31.12. 2014 Dr. Elaine Bignell retiring 31.12. 2015 Field Mycology and Conservation Committee Dr. Stuart Skeates (Chair, website & FBR link) retiring 31.12. 2014 Prof Richard Fortey retiring 31.12. 2013 Mrs. Sheila Spence retiring 31.12. 2013 Mrs Dinah Griffin retiring 31.12. 2014 Dr. -
Truffles and False Truffles: a Primer by Britt A
Two views of Tuber canaliculatum. Photos: John Plschke III. Truffles and False Truffles: A Primer by Britt A. Bunyard; photos by John Plischke III Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution. —Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900–1979) Truffles have been the stuff of legend and culinary delight for genus of the most highly prized species of truffles.) As with every- centuries, even millennia. Historically, all mushrooms have been thing in nature, though, there is a reason. regarded with mystery or suspicion due mostly to their habit of materializing overnight (completely unlike other “plants”) and Form follows function: the convoluted hymenium often in rings (which was clearly the work of dancing fairies). Truffles are curiouser still in that they develop entirely under- Although it may not be obvious upon first inspection, species of ground. Theophrastus (372–287 B.C.) is credited with the earli- truffle are most closely related to members of the order Pezizales, est authorship of the group; he considered them the strangest of which includes Peziza, the eyelash fungus (Scutellinia scutellata), all plants (you will recall that, until fairly recently, fungi were and the beautiful scarlet cup (Sarcoscypha coccinea). But how did classified as plants) because they lack any plantlike features, in- members of the genus Tuber and their relatives go from a flattened cluding roots. morphology and epigeous (above ground) growth habit to highly When we think of truffles, we hardly get an image of the convoluted and hypogeous (subterranean)? In his terrific book typical fungus fruitbody, much less that of a mushroom. Not The Fifth Kingdom, Bryce Kendrick illustrates the evolutionary classified with true mushrooms (the Basidiomycetes), the truffles sequence from a flattened, above-ground cup like Peziza that likely possess sac-like spore producing structures (the ascus; plural gave rise to fungi that were increasingly convoluted like Genea. -
Mantar Dergisi
11 6845 - Volume: 20 Issue:1 JOURNAL - E ISSN:2147 - April 20 e TURKEY - KONYA - FUNGUS Research Center JOURNAL OF OF JOURNAL Selçuk Selçuk University Mushroom Application and Selçuk Üniversitesi Mantarcılık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi KONYA-TÜRKİYE MANTAR DERGİSİ E-DERGİ/ e-ISSN:2147-6845 Nisan 2020 Cilt:11 Sayı:1 e-ISSN 2147-6845 Nisan 2020 / Cilt:11/ Sayı:1 April 2020 / Volume:11 / Issue:1 SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ MANTARCILIK UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA MERKEZİ MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ ADINA SAHİBİ PROF.DR. GIYASETTİN KAŞIK YAZI İŞLERİ MÜDÜRÜ DR. ÖĞR. ÜYESİ SİNAN ALKAN Haberleşme/Correspondence S.Ü. Mantarcılık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Müdürlüğü Alaaddin Keykubat Yerleşkesi, Fen Fakültesi B Blok, Zemin Kat-42079/Selçuklu-KONYA Tel:(+90)0 332 2233998/ Fax: (+90)0 332 241 24 99 Web: http://mantarcilik.selcuk.edu.tr http://dergipark.gov.tr/mantar E-Posta:[email protected] Yayın Tarihi/Publication Date 27/04/2020 i e-ISSN 2147-6845 Nisan 2020 / Cilt:11/ Sayı:1 / / April 2020 Volume:11 Issue:1 EDİTÖRLER KURULU / EDITORIAL BOARD Prof.Dr. Abdullah KAYA (Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniv.-Karaman) Prof.Dr. Abdulnasır YILDIZ (Dicle Üniv.-Diyarbakır) Prof.Dr. Abdurrahman Usame TAMER (Celal Bayar Üniv.-Manisa) Prof.Dr. Ahmet ASAN (Trakya Üniv.-Edirne) Prof.Dr. Ali ARSLAN (Yüzüncü Yıl Üniv.-Van) Prof.Dr. Aysun PEKŞEN (19 Mayıs Üniv.-Samsun) Prof.Dr. A.Dilek AZAZ (Balıkesir Üniv.-Balıkesir) Prof.Dr. Ayşen ÖZDEMİR TÜRK (Anadolu Üniv.- Eskişehir) Prof.Dr. Beyza ENER (Uludağ Üniv.Bursa) Prof.Dr. Cvetomir M. DENCHEV (Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaristan) Prof.Dr. Celaleddin ÖZTÜRK (Selçuk Üniv.-Konya) Prof.Dr. Ertuğrul SESLİ (Trabzon Üniv.-Trabzon) Prof.Dr. -
THE LARGER CUP FUNGI in BRITAIN - Part 2 Pezizaceae (Excluding Peziza & Plicaria) Brian Spooner Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AE
Field Mycology Volume 2(1), January 2001 THE LARGER CUP FUNGI IN BRITAIN - part 2 Pezizaceae (excluding Peziza & Plicaria) Brian Spooner Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AE he first part of this series (Spooner, 2000) provided a brief introduction to cup fungi or ‘discomycetes’, and considered in particular the ‘operculate’ species, those in T which the ascus opens (dehisces) via an apical lid or operculum.These constitute the order Pezizales and include most of the larger discomycete species. A key to the 12 families of Pezizales represented in Britain was given. In the present part, a key to the British genera of the Pezizaceae is provided, together with brief descriptions of the genera and keys to the species of all genera other than Peziza and Plicaria.These two genera, which include over sixty species in Britain alone, will be considered in Part 3. A glossary of technical terms is given at the end of the article. Pezizaceae Dumort. Characterised by operculate, thin-walled, amyloid asci and uninucleate spores with thin or rarely somewhat thickened walls. Key to British Genera of Pezizaceae 1. Asci indehiscent; ascomata subhypogeous or developed in litter, subglobose or irregular in form; spores globose, ornamented, purple-brown at maturity, eguttulate . Sphaerozone 1. Asci dehiscent; ascomata epigeous, rarely hypogeous at first, on various substrates, cupulate to discoid or pulvinate, sometimes short-stipitate, rarely sparassoid; spores globose or ellip- soid, smooth or ornamented, hyaline or brownish, guttulate or eguttulate . 2 2. Ascus apex strongly blue in iodine, rest of wall diffusely blue in iodine or not . -
(With (Otidiaceae). Annellospores, The
PERSOONIA Published by the Rijksherbarium, Leiden Volume Part 6, 4, pp. 405-414 (1972) Imperfect states and the taxonomy of the Pezizales J.W. Paden Department of Biology, University of Victoria Victoria, B. C., Canada (With Plates 20-22) Certainly only a relatively few species of the Pezizales have been studied in culture. I that this will efforts in this direction. hope paper stimulatemore A few patterns are emerging from those species that have been cultured and have produced conidia but more information is needed. Botryoblasto- and found in cultures of spores ( Oedocephalum Ostracoderma) are frequently Peziza and Iodophanus (Pezizaceae). Aleurospores are known in Peziza but also in other like known in genera. Botrytis- imperfect states are Trichophaea (Otidiaceae). Sympodulosporous imperfect states are known in several families (Sarcoscyphaceae, Sarcosomataceae, Aleuriaceae, Morchellaceae) embracing both suborders. Conoplea is definitely tied in with Urnula and Plectania, Nodulosporium with Geopyxis, and Costantinella with Morchella. Certain types of conidia are not presently known in the Pezizales. Phialo- and few other have spores, porospores, annellospores, blastospores a types not been reported. The absence of phialospores is of special interest since these are common in the Helotiales. The absence of conidia in certain e. Helvellaceae and Theleboleaceae also be of groups, g. may significance, and would aid in delimiting these taxa. At the species level critical com- of taxonomic and parison imperfect states may help clarify problems supplement other data in distinguishing between closely related species. Plectania and of where such Peziza, perhaps Sarcoscypha are examples genera studies valuable. might prove One of the Pezizales in need of in culture large group desparate study are the few of these have been cultured. -
Species of Peziza S. Str. on Water-Soaked Wood with Special Reference to a New Species, P
DOI 10.12905/0380.sydowia68-2016-0173 Species of Peziza s. str. on water-soaked wood with special reference to a new species, P. nordica, from central Norway Donald H. Pfister1, *, Katherine F. LoBuglio1 & Roy Kristiansen2 1 Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 2 PO Box 32, N-1650 Sellebakk, Norway * e-mail: [email protected] Pfister D.H., LoBuglio K.F. & Kristiansen R. (2016) Species ofPeziza s. str. on water-soaked wood with special reference to a new species, P. nordica, from central Norway. – Sydowia 68: 173–185. Peziza oliviae, P. lohjaoensis, P. montirivicola and a new species from Norway form a well-supported clade within the Peziza s. str. group based on study of the internal transcribed spacer + 5.8S rRNA gene, large subunit rRNA gene and the 6–7 region of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II gene. Like P. oliviae and P. montirivicola, the new species, P. nordica, is distinctly stipi- tate and occurs on wood that has been inundated by fresh water. These species also have paraphyses with yellow vacuolar inclu- sions. They fruit early in the season or at high elevations and are presumed to be saprobic. A discussion of application of the name Peziza is given. Keywords: Ascomycota, molecular phylogeny, Pezizales, taxonomy. The present work was begun to determine the Schwein.) Fr., Cudoniella clavus (Alb. & Schwein.) identity of a collection made by one of us (RK) in Dennis and frequently Scutellinia scutellata (L.) August 2014. This large, orange brown to brown, Lambotte. -
Chemical Elements in Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes
Chemical elements in Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes The reference mushrooms as instruments for investigating bioindication and biodiversity Roberto Cenci, Luigi Cocchi, Orlando Petrini, Fabrizio Sena, Carmine Siniscalco, Luciano Vescovi Editors: R. M. Cenci and F. Sena EUR 24415 EN 2011 1 The mission of the JRC-IES is to provide scientific-technical support to the European Union’s policies for the protection and sustainable development of the European and global environment. European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Environment and Sustainability Via E.Fermi, 2749 I-21027 Ispra (VA) Italy Legal Notice Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of this publication. Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billed. A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server http://europa.eu/ JRC Catalogue number: LB-NA-24415-EN-C Editors: R. M. Cenci and F. Sena JRC65050 EUR 24415 EN ISBN 978-92-79-20395-4 ISSN 1018-5593 doi:10.2788/22228 Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union Translation: Dr. Luca Umidi © European Union, 2011 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged Printed in Italy 2 Attached to this document is a CD containing: • A PDF copy of this document • Information regarding the soil and mushroom sampling site locations • Analytical data (ca, 300,000) on total samples of soils and mushrooms analysed (ca, 10,000) • The descriptive statistics for all genera and species analysed • Maps showing the distribution of concentrations of inorganic elements in mushrooms • Maps showing the distribution of concentrations of inorganic elements in soils 3 Contact information: Address: Roberto M. -
Phylogenetics of the Pezizaceae, with an Emphasis on Peziza
Mycologia, 93(5), 2001, pp. 958-990. © 2001 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Phylogenetics of the Pezizaceae, with an emphasis on Peziza Karen Hansen' tions were found to support different rDNA lineages, Thomas Laess0e e.g., a distinct amyloid ring zone at the apex is a syn- Department of Mycology, University of Copenhagen, apomorphy for group IV, an intense and unrestricted 0ster Farimagsgade 2 D, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, amyloid reaction of the apex is mostly found in Denmark group VI, and asci that are weakly or diffusely amy- Donald H. Pfister loid in the entire length are present in group II. Oth- Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, er morphological features, such as spore surface re- Massachusetts, 02138 USA lief, guttulation, excipulum structure and pigments, while not free from homoplasy, do support the groupings. Anamorphs likewise provide clues to high- Abstract: Phylogenetic relationships among mem- er-order relationships within the Pezizaceae. Several bers of the Pezizaceae were studied using 90 partial macro- and micromorphological features, however, LSU rDNA sequences from 51 species of Peziza and appear to have evolved several times independently, 20 species from 8 additional epigeous genera of the including ascomatal form and habit (epigeous, se- Pezizaceae, viz. Boudiera, Iodophanus, Iodowynnea, mihypogeous or hypogeous), spore discharge mech- Kimbropezia, Pachyella, Plicaria, Sarcosphaera and Sca- anisms, and spore shape. Parsimony-based optimiza- bropezia, and 5 hypogeous genera, viz. Amylascus, Ca- tion of character states on our phylogenetic trees sug- zia, Hydnotryopsis, Ruhlandiella and Tirmania. To gested that transitions to truffle and truffle-like forms test the monophyly of the Pezizaceae and the rela- evolved at least three times within the Pezizaceae (in tionships to the genera Marcelleina and Pfistera (Py- group III, V and VI). -
Phd. Thesis Sana Jabeen.Pdf
ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGAL COMMUNITIES ASSOCIATED WITH HIMALAYAN CEDAR FROM PAKISTAN A dissertation submitted to the University of the Punjab in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in BOTANY by SANA JABEEN DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB LAHORE, PAKISTAN JUNE 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS PAGE NO. Summary i Dedication iii Acknowledgements iv CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1 CHAPTER 2 Literature review 5 Aims and objectives 11 CHAPTER 3 Materials and methods 12 3.1. Sampling site description 12 3.2. Sampling strategy 14 3.3. Sampling of sporocarps 14 3.4. Sampling and preservation of fruit bodies 14 3.5. Morphological studies of fruit bodies 14 3.6. Sampling of morphotypes 15 3.7. Soil sampling and analysis 15 3.8. Cleaning, morphotyping and storage of ectomycorrhizae 15 3.9. Morphological studies of ectomycorrhizae 16 3.10. Molecular studies 16 3.10.1. DNA extraction 16 3.10.2. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 17 3.10.3. Sequence assembly and data mining 18 3.10.4. Multiple alignments and phylogenetic analysis 18 3.11. Climatic data collection 19 3.12. Statistical analysis 19 CHAPTER 4 Results 22 4.1. Characterization of above ground ectomycorrhizal fungi 22 4.2. Identification of ectomycorrhizal host 184 4.3. Characterization of non ectomycorrhizal fruit bodies 186 4.4. Characterization of saprobic fungi found from fruit bodies 188 4.5. Characterization of below ground ectomycorrhizal fungi 189 4.6. Characterization of below ground non ectomycorrhizal fungi 193 4.7. Identification of host taxa from ectomycorrhizal morphotypes 195 4.8. -
The Classification of Lower Organisms
The Classification of Lower Organisms Ernst Hkinrich Haickei, in 1874 From Rolschc (1906). By permission of Macrae Smith Company. C f3 The Classification of LOWER ORGANISMS By HERBERT FAULKNER COPELAND \ PACIFIC ^.,^,kfi^..^ BOOKS PALO ALTO, CALIFORNIA Copyright 1956 by Herbert F. Copeland Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 56-7944 Published by PACIFIC BOOKS Palo Alto, California Printed and bound in the United States of America CONTENTS Chapter Page I. Introduction 1 II. An Essay on Nomenclature 6 III. Kingdom Mychota 12 Phylum Archezoa 17 Class 1. Schizophyta 18 Order 1. Schizosporea 18 Order 2. Actinomycetalea 24 Order 3. Caulobacterialea 25 Class 2. Myxoschizomycetes 27 Order 1. Myxobactralea 27 Order 2. Spirochaetalea 28 Class 3. Archiplastidea 29 Order 1. Rhodobacteria 31 Order 2. Sphaerotilalea 33 Order 3. Coccogonea 33 Order 4. Gloiophycea 33 IV. Kingdom Protoctista 37 V. Phylum Rhodophyta 40 Class 1. Bangialea 41 Order Bangiacea 41 Class 2. Heterocarpea 44 Order 1. Cryptospermea 47 Order 2. Sphaerococcoidea 47 Order 3. Gelidialea 49 Order 4. Furccllariea 50 Order 5. Coeloblastea 51 Order 6. Floridea 51 VI. Phylum Phaeophyta 53 Class 1. Heterokonta 55 Order 1. Ochromonadalea 57 Order 2. Silicoflagellata 61 Order 3. Vaucheriacea 63 Order 4. Choanoflagellata 67 Order 5. Hyphochytrialea 69 Class 2. Bacillariacea 69 Order 1. Disciformia 73 Order 2. Diatomea 74 Class 3. Oomycetes 76 Order 1. Saprolegnina 77 Order 2. Peronosporina 80 Order 3. Lagenidialea 81 Class 4. Melanophycea 82 Order 1 . Phaeozoosporea 86 Order 2. Sphacelarialea 86 Order 3. Dictyotea 86 Order 4. Sporochnoidea 87 V ly Chapter Page Orders. Cutlerialea 88 Order 6. -
Macrofungi Associated with Relict Endemic Liquidambar Orientalis Mill
Bangladesh J. Bot. 45(3): 589-595, 2016 (September) MACROFUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH RELICT ENDEMIC LIQUIDAMBAR ORIENTALIS MILL. * HALIL GÜNGÖR AND HAKAN ALLI Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla-Turkey Key words: Liquidambar orientalis, Relict endemic, Macrofungi, New records Abstract Liquidambar orientalis Mill. is one of the most important relict-endemic species and native to south- west part of Turkey. This fungi are parasitic and saprophytic for L. orientalis. Parasitic and saprophytic fungi which are harmful for L. orientalis forest were listed. Two of them; Mollisia cinerea (Batsch) P. Karst and Crepidotus applanatus (Pers.) P. Kumm., are new records for Turkish mycota. They were illustrated and described. Introduction Liquidambar orientalis is known as oriental sweetgum and it is one of the most important relict-endemic taxon of Turkey. The flat deep hydromorphic soils rich in surface waters during summer months are the most productive sites for the dense stands of L. orientalis. It grows in the wetlands and native to southwest part of Turkey. Today the forests of this species show a very restricted distribution such as; Antalya (Kaş, Kalkan, Serik), Aydın (Çine), Burdur (Bucak), Denizli (Acıpayam), Isparta (Sütçüler), Muğla (Dalaman, Datça, Fethiye, Köyceğiz, Marmaris, Milas, Ula, Yatağan,) and İçel (Silifke, Göksu) Provinces and not naturally Island of Rhodes in Greece and Cyprus (Hill 1952, Pamukçuoğlu 1964, Meikle 1977, Tyler et al. 1981, Davis 1982). It lives 100 - 300 m height in coastline and 850 - 900 m height in upcountry (Öztürk et al. 2008). Because of wetland and humidity habitat L. orientalis forests host lots of macro- and microfungal species.