Chapter I Introduction
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THE TRANSFORMATION of TRADITIONAL MANDAILING LEADERSHIP in INDONESIA and MALAYSIA in the AGE of GLOBALIZATION and REGIONAL AUTONOMY by Abdur-Razzaq Lubis1
THE TRANSFORMATION OF TRADITIONAL MANDAILING LEADERSHIP IN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION AND REGIONAL AUTONOMY by Abdur-Razzaq Lubis1 THE NOTION OF JUSTICE IN THE ORIGIN OF THE MANDAILING PEOPLE The Mandailing people, an ethnic group from the south-west corner of the province of North Sumatra today, went through a process of cultural hybridization and creolization centuries ago by incorporating into its gene pool the diverse people from the archipelago and beyond; adopting as well as adapting cultures from across the continents. The many clans of the Mandailing people have both indigenous as well as foreign infusions. The saro cino or Chinese-style curved roof, indicates Chinese influence in Mandailing architecture.(Drs. Z. Pangaduan Lubis, 1999: 8). The legacy of Indian influences, either direct or via other peoples, include key political terms such as huta (village, generally fortified), raja (chief) and marga (partilineal exogamous clan).(J. Gonda, 1952) There are several hypotheses about the origin of the Mandailing people, mainly based on the proximity and similarity of sounds. One theory closely associated with the idea of governance is that the name Mandailing originated from Mandala Holing. (Mangaraja Lelo Lubis, : 3,13 & 19) Current in Mandailing society is the usage 'Surat Tumbaga H(K)oling na so ra sasa' which means that the 'Copper H(K)oling cannot be erased'. What is meant is that the adat cannot be wiped out; in other words, the adat is everlasting. Both examples emphasises that justice has a central role in Mandailing civilization, which is upheld by its judicial assembly, called Na Mora Na Toras, the traditional institution of 1 The author is the project leader of The Toyota Foundation research grant on Mandailing migration, cultural heritage and governance since 1998. -
IBNU AJAN.Tif
SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF THE MANDAILING’S TRADITIONAL HOUSE BAGAS GODANG SKRIPSI Submited in Partial Fulfillment of the requirement For the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan (S.Pd) English Education program By: IBNU AJAN HASIBUAN 1402050064 FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH NORTH SUMATERA MEDAN 2018 i ABSTRACT Hasibuan, Ibnu Ajan. 1402050064 Semiotic Analysis of Mandailing’s Traditional House Bagas Godang. Skripsi, English Education Program of the Faculty of the Teacher Training and Education, University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatera. Medan. 2018 The Objective of this research were to find out the kinds and the meaning of semiotic of Mandailing’s Traditional House Bagas Godang in Panyabuangan City especially Pidoli Dolok Village. This research used qualitative method in accordance with the theory of Charles Sanders Pierce and based on the semiotic fields especially Culture code such as architecture and ornamnet. The descriptive technique was carried out in analyzing data by Huberman and miles with the steps are reduction, display and verification data. The source of data was taken from the people who lives in Pidoli Dolok by Observation and interview. The finding of this research showed there are only six kids of semiotic in Bagas Godang are: Sinsign (1), Legisign (2), Icon (3), Index (1), Symbol (13), and decisgn (2) and the meaning of semiotic kind are conveying their hoping, advicing, rules/norm and govermet system with what have been presented in Bagas Godang (Symbol). It can be concluded that the following: there are three kind of semiotic from use of semiotic Bagas Godang as the sign: Representamen the meaning by human, object which present or is within “cognition” a person or group of people and interpretent of someone based on the object it sees fit with the fact. -
The Genealogy of Muslim Radicalism in Indonesia A
The Genealogy of Muslim Radicalism in Indonesia THE GENEALOGY OF MUSLIM RADICALISM IN INDONESIA A Study of the Roots and Characteristics of the Padri Movement Abd A’la IAIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia Abstract: This paper will trace the roots of religious radicalism in Indonesia with the Padri movement as the case in point. It argues that the history of the Padri movement is complex and multifaceted. Nevertheless, it seems to be clear that the Padri movement was in many ways a reincarnation of its counterpart in the Arabian Peninsula, the Wahhabi> > movement, even though it was not a perfect replica of the latter. While the two shared some similarities, they were also quite different in other respects. The historical passage of the Padris was therefore not the same as that of the Wahhabi> s.> Each movement had its own dimensions and peculiarities according to its particular context and setting. Despite these differences, both were united by the same objective; they were radical in their determination to establish what they considered the purest version of Islam, and both manipulated religious symbols in pursuit of their political agendas. Keywords: Padri movement, fundamentalism, radicalism, Minangkabau, Wahhabism.> Introduction Almost all historians agree that Islam in the Malay Archipelago – a large part of which subsequently became known as Indonesia – was disseminated in a peaceful process. The people of the archipelago accepted the religion of Islam wholeheartedly without any pressure or compulsion. To a certain extent, these people even treated Islam as belonging to their own culture, seeing striking similarities between the new religion and existing local traditions. -
Christian-Muslim Relationships in Medan
Christian-Muslim Relationships in Medan and Dalihan na tolu – A Social Capital Study of The Batak Cultural Values and Their Effect on Interreligious Encounters Godlif J. Sianipar Christian-Muslim Relationships in Medan and Dalihan na tolu – A Social Capital Study of The Batak Cultural Values and Their Effect on Interreligious Encounters by Godlif J. Sianipar A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Newcastle Australia November 2011 This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. I give consent to this copy of my thesis, when deposited in the University Library, being made available for loan and photocopying subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. Signed ………………………………………………. Date …………………………………………………. iv Abstract Interreligious disharmony between Christians and Muslims seems prevalent in the world. Indonesia, one of the democratic nations in the globe, offers no exception. In the last two decades, disharmonious encounters have been escalating in the country to a point where people commit violence towards adherents of other religions. Despite this phenomenon, few studies have addressed the issue. The literature suggests that the problems are related to three distinct areas: the history of the country, the method of evangelizing and socio-economic and political issues. The current study was conducted in the framework of the theory of multiculturalism – a contemporary social theory which has been developed by Amitai Etzioni and Bikhu Parekh – not only to address the issue of interreligious disharmony but also to promote interreligious encounters when a society is divided. -
Merantau : Aspects of Outmigration of the Minangkabau People
MERANTAU : ASPECTS OF OUTMIGRATION OF THE MINANGKABAU PEOPLE by Auda Murad A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Demography in the Australian National University Canberra, May 1978. i D E C L A R A T I O N % Except where otherwise indicated, this thesis is my own work. Auda Murad May, 1978 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS At the preliminary stage of this thesis, the scholar has benefited from the assistance of a number of persons in the Demography Department of Research School of Social Sciences at the Australian National University. My greatest debt of gratitude is to my supervisor, Dr. Peter F. McDonald, Department of Demography, for his supervision of the thesis and for his interest, encouragement, patience and guidance at all times during the period of study. I am also indebted to Dr. V.J. Hull and Dr. David Lucas, in the Department of Demography, for their constructive criticism and comments on various aspects of the thesis so that the study has been improved considerably. I sincerely thank Dr. A. Maude, School of Social Sciences at the Flinders University, who provided some information and data necessary for this study. My thanks also go to Mrs. Pat Ashman, secretary, who has been a help in many respects and typed the final version of my thesis. Finally, I wish to thank the Australian Government for providing me with the Colombo Plan Scholarship which has enabled me to study at the Australian National University. iii ABSTRACT Merantau is a unique form of migration found in the Minangkabau society. -
3.1.25 the Concept of Banua in Mandailing Architecture
A. Indigenous Architecture as Basic Architectural Design 3.1.25 THE CONCEPT OF BANUA IN MANDAILING ARCHITECTURE Cut Nur’aini Department of Architecture and Planning, ITM Medan; Student of Postgraduate School in Architecture and Planning, Gadjah Mada Universit INDONESIA [email protected], [email protected] Achmad Djunaedi Department of Architecture and Planning, Gadjah Mada University INDONESIA [email protected] Sudaryono Department of Architecture and Planning, Gadjah Mada University INDONESIA [email protected] T. Yoyok W. Subroto Department of Architecture and Planning, Gadjah Mada University INDONESIA [email protected] ABSTRACT Mandailing architecture as an unique culture in North Sumatera have several potencies that rarely publised. The potencies like traditional settlements, traditional buildings and also the concept of Banua are very interest to discussed. The concept of Banua was one of an indigenous architecture as basic architectural design in Mandailing settlements. Banua has been used to organize Mandailing settlement and also has been shown in life setting of Mandailing community, not only in micro scale, like their houses; but also in macro scale, like their spatial environment. This paper discussed about the concept of Banua in Mandailing Architecture. The concept of Banua is a cosmology of three world, namely (1) Banua Parginjang, (2) Banua Partonga and (3) Banua Partoru. Banua Parginjang (upper world) was a God world; God have control over this upper world who called Datu Natumompa Tano Nagumorga Langit. Datu Natumompa Tano Nagumorga Langit believed as creator and one in authority of earth and sky. This world is simbolized with white colour. Banua Partonga (middle world) was a human world, world for work with many activities everyday. -
Resonant Pasts in the Toba Batak Musical Present. Wesleyan
IJCAS: Vol. 2, Number 1 June 2015 Book Review Byl, Julia, Antiphonal Histories: Resonant Pasts in the Toba Batak Musical Present. Wesleyan University Press: Middletown, Connecticut Margaret Kartomi Monash University, Australia email: [email protected] The Toba Batak ethno-lingual group who live around the Samosir Island in the province of North Sumatra are well-known throughout the world as a very musical people who like to sing together in their coffee shops and have produced many famous groups of musicianssuch as the popular singer Gordon Tobing. Some of their popular folk songs – such as “Sing Sing So” - have become so widely known that they have acquired national status. Commercial recordings of Batak Toba songs are widely available in Indonesia’s record stores. However their ancient traditional musical traditions are much less known and understood. Unlike the gamelan music of Central and West Java and Bali, detailed ethnomusicological research ofToba musical genres has been minimal. Partly due to the lack of infrastructure and difficulty of travelling around its extensive terrain, sustained research in Toba areas began as late as the 1970s, a half century after Javanese and Balinese musicresearch began. Although a German writer - R. von Heintze–had described the religious functions of some of the traditional music in the largely Lutheran Toba Batak area as early as 1909, and Claire Holt and Rolf de Mare had filmed some of the dances in the Bataklands in 1939 (Holt 1971),a representative collection of Toba archival music recordings was madeonly in the 1970s and 1980sby the German scholar Artur Simonand issued on compact disc by the Museum fuerVoelkerkunde in Berlin, and Simon also published some articles on the music,e.g. -
Dodol Ulame, a Mandailing's Ethnic Food
769 International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies (IJPSAT) ISSN: 2509-0119. © 2021 International Journals of Sciences and High Technologies http://ijpsat.ijsht‐journals.org Vol. 27 No. 2 July 2021, pp.140-150 Dodol Ulame, a Mandailing’s Ethnic Food: History and Culture, Packaging, and It’s Challenge on Globalization Gusti Setiavani1, Sugiyono2, Adil Basuki Ahza3, Nugraha Edhi Suyatma4 1Susitainable Agricultural Extension Departement Polytechnic of Agricultural Development Medan Medan, Indonesia 2Departement of Food Science and Tecnology IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University)line 3-City, Country Bogor, Indonesia 3Departement of Food Science and Tecnology IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University)line 3-City, Country Bogor, Indonesia 4Departement of Food Science and Tecnology IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University)line 3-City, Country Bogor, Indonesia Abstract— Mandailing Ethnic was famous with its social system and strong customs which is reflected in all aspects of life including in making dodol ulame. How dodol ulame able to survive in globalization era without losing its cultural identity is very interesting to learn even more there are still limited information about traditional and ethnicity. This study used qualitative phenomenological methods using primary and secondary data. Dodol ulame was first introduced by Mandailing ethnic and it was a symbol of the existence of Mandailing ethnics that was still maintained today which thrives on mutual help and kindship. The uniqueness of dodol ulame lies in the traditional manufacturing process using local ingredients i.e. glutinous rice flour, coconut milk, and palm sugar. All ingredients were cooked for the long time so that it produces a distinctive taste and texture. -
Mandailing Cultural Values in Local Genius Umpasa: Native Speakers’ Perception
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 8, ISSUE 05, MAY 2019 ISSN 2277-8616 Mandailing Cultural Values In Local Genius Umpasa: Native Speakers’ Perception Khairina Nasution Abstract: This study aims to explain the Indigenous Mandailing Cultural Values In Local Genius/Local Wisdom Umpasa the Perception of the native speakers. Umpasa is one of the oral traditions in Mandailing community which can be grouped in the form of a long poem. The concept of value in umpasa serves to illustrate the culture inherent in Mandailing community in the form of suggestions, prohibitions, the guidelines for action that should be maintained because it is positively charged in determining the attitude of life. Umpasa found, among others, shows (1) the relationship with God (2) the relationship between humans (3) a bad attitude (4) a strong determination and aspiration (5) attitude or outlook on life. Umpasa can be used to anticipate the shift in cultural values that apparently began to wane among the younger generation of Mandailing due to globalization. Keywords: Cultural values, Local wisdom, Local genius, Umpasa, Mandailing. ———————————————————— 1 INTRODUCTION In practical terms this paper is one of the real efforts to Mandailing community is one of the sub-ethnics Batak in North revitalize the indigenous cultures of Mandailings through Sumatera. Mandailing community has clans showed documenting, studying and interpreting them. The values decreased offspring paternity (patrilineal). Social life and contained in umpasa embody guidelines, ethics, philosophy of customs law in Mandaiing society is characterized by the life, traditions, and others that can be used as one of the ways dominance of Mandailing customary law. -
The Meaning of Bolang Bagas Godang Huta Godang Ornament In
IAR Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies ISSN Print : 2709-3328 | ISSN Online : 2709-3336 Frequency : Bi-Monthly Language : English Origin : Kenya Website : https://www.iarconsortium.org/journal-info/iarjhcs Research Article The Meaning of Bolang Bagas Godang Huta Godang Ornament in Ulu Pungkut, Mandailing Natal Article History Abstract: North Sumatra retains many historical and cultural heritages, such as traditional ornaments and structures known as customary buildings. One of its Received: 05.10.2020 customary buildin gs is the traditional Mandailing house (bagas godang), which Accepted: 22.10.2020 exhibits unique and distinctive ornaments. This original traditional heritage Revision: 25.10.2020 reflects the noble values and personality of the local community. The t raditional Mandailing Natal house presents ornaments on its roof (tutup ari). Each carving Published: 30.10.2020 in the ornaments carries values and meaning. Bolang or traditional Mandailing Author Details ornaments used as roof symbols are made of plants, animals, and everyday objects. The ornaments are made by means of weaving and carving using tools from carved bamboos. Carving the ornament is not an easy task since it requires a Miftahun Naufa, Anni Kholilah and comprehensive contemplation. The carving process needs to consider the Muhammad Ghifari characters and features of the three materials used in the ornaments. Each Authors Affiliations ornament implies strong values and meanings of the customary laws. The use of Department of Fine Arts and Design, Institut colors in the ornament is distinctively traditional instead of arbitrary colors. The Seni Budaya Indonesia (ISBI) Aceh Jln. Nuri, colors have their own values and meanings for the Mandailing Natal community. -
Wannofri Samri.Indd
HISTORIA: International Journal of History Education, Vol. XII, No. 1 (June 2011) MEDAN PRESS: NATIONAL IDENTITY FINDING PROCESS Wannofri Samri1 ABSTRACT Medan has grown really fast since the farm development in Deli, East Sumtara has begun in the end !9th century. The development contributed a great impact to the development of the area sorounding East Sumtra. The cities surrounding the plantation had developed fast. Medan is one of the cities that develeloped as the impact of the wide development of the Ducth’s colonial platation, followed by a great migration to that area from various nation. One of the most important development was Medan as a growing publishing center, both for book and mass media, such as magazine and news paper. The publishing fi gures came from various races, ethnics, and cultures, particularly from Aceh, Minangkabau, Java, Mandailing, and Batak. In addition, foreing publisher also existed, such as Europ, China, and India. Medan press development was good in the movements era, it considered as equal as Batavia, Surabaya, and Padang. Key words: Medan Press, Almanak Sumatra, Indish Verslag, Deli Courant, De Ooskust, Sumatra Post, De Palnter, Pertja Timor, Sinondang Batak, Penjebar, Chinese Press, Mass Media, and Nationality Movement Introduction According to M. Said, during the colonial era, 46 newspapers and magazines were published in Medan. 35 publishing company was build by the native, 9 by the Chinese, 4 by the Dutch, and 1 by the Indian’ descent (Usman Pelly, 1998: 164-165). Surely, the competition in that diversity is interesting in the context of fi nding the Indonesia’a identity, which was moving toward the unity in diversity. -
Pluralism and Existence of Ethnic Diversity in Medan, Indonesia
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 8, ISSUE 05, MAY 2019 ISSN 2277-8616 Pluralism And Existence Of Ethnic Diversity In Medan, Indonesia Nurhabsyah Abstract: The focus of this research is Pluralism in Medan. The purposes of this research are 1) To explain the condition in Medan 2) To describe the existence of ethnic diversity in Medan 3) To analyze the influence of western culture towards ethnic diversity in Medan. This research used qualitative method, while the data were collected by conducting interviews. The field findings showed that migrants in Medan City, who still implemented the traditional cultural values in their daily life during the colonial period, and the stronger sense of ethnicity of the society arise in Medan. Gradually, the economic growth and cultural diversity in the urban society of Medan, make the society experiences a cultural transformation. The assembly of various tribes in Medan due to economic factors, makes the migrants to adapt quickly and leave their own culture, so that it gradually shifts the cultural values. The shift of cultural values is assumed to lose their identity from a particular tribe. The society in Medan city, in their daily lives, have been using Bahasa Indonesia and almost do not longer know their tribal languages. Keywords: ethnic diversity, cultural transformation, Pluralism and cultural transformation. ———————————————————— 1 INTRODUCTION The Indian, Chinese, and Arabian settlements bordered AS the capital city of North Sumatra Province, Medan with the European settlement. The Indonesian native consists of diverse cultures, religions and cultures. settlement, for example, Malay, Mandailings, Aceh, Ethnically, its society can be divided into two categories Minangkabau settlements were located in the suburbs.