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Zapote Negro De Origen Mexicano Antiguamente Se Pensaba Que Era De África

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Zapote Negro De Origen Mexicano Antiguamente Se Pensaba Que Era De África INSTITUTO TECNOLÓGICO SUPERIOR DE CALKINÍ EN EL ESTADO DE CAMPECHE, CAMPUS HOPELCHÉN Ebanaceae. ING. INOVACIÒN AGRICOLA SUSTENTABLE. BOTANICA APLICADA. ALUMNO: SAUL A. CAIUICH PUC. MAESTRA: SHENIA ARELI SIMA GONZALEZ. INTRODUCIÒN. la familia Ebanaceae proviene Diospyros es procedente del del orden de las ericales. griego, que significa Ebanoideae y Lissocarpoideae originalmente "grano o fruto de Zeus" El zapote negro de origen mexicano antiguamente se pensaba que era de África. El nombre de esta fruta en México es zapote negro y en el sur del país se le conoce como tauch tanto al fruto como al árbol. Ebanaceae Las Ebenáceas, son una familia de plantas arbóreas o arbustivas perteneciente al orden Ericales ARBOL DE D. kaki. Características. O Porte: arbustos o árboles. O Hojas, flores y frutos característicos de la familia Ebanaceae. O Hojas: alternas o rara vez opuestas, simples, enteras, a veces coriáceas. Flores: solitarias o en cimas; imperfectas, actinomorfas. O Perianto: cáliz, 3-7 sépalos soldados; corola, 3-7 pétalos soldados, a veces urceolada. O Estambres: 2-∞ soldados a la corola, reducidos a estaminodios en flores pistiladas. O Gineceo: ovario súpero; 2-8 lóculos, hasta 16 por falsos tabiques, estilos 2-8 libres o soldados en la base, estigma pequeño. O Fruto: baya de peri carpo carnoso o fibroso. O Semillas: endosperma ruminado con reserva de hemicelulosa y aceite, embrión recto. Genero de la subfamilia Ebenoideae. utilizado en Existen de importancia abanisteria, para comercial, tanto por sus frutos poleas, bastones, comestibles (D. kaki y D. teclas de piano, virginiana) o por su madera artículos de deporte y son muy resistentes. atletismo El nombre Diospyros (διόςπυρον) procede del griego Διόσ "de Zeus" y πυρόσ "grano", "trigo" por lo que significa originalmente "grano o fruto de Zeus". Distribución y hábitat: Se distribuye en regiones tropicales, la mayoría concentradas en las selvas húmedas del archipiélago Malayo. Unas pocas especies viven en las regiones templadas. DIOSPYROS DIGYNA. Nombre científico Diospyros Digyna. Nombre técnico. Nombre común. Zapote negro. Nombre cultural (maya) Tauch. “El zapote negro (Diospyros digyna) es una especie de árbol, de frutos comestibles, de la Familia Ebenaceae. Considerado hoy como un sinónimo de Diospyros nigra” por (J.F.Gmel.) Perrier Clasificación científica. Reino. Platae. División. Fanerógama Magnoliophyta. Clase. Dicotiledónea magnoliopsida. Subclase. Dilleniidae. Orden. Ericales. Familia. Ebanaceae. Subfamilia. Ebenoideae Genero. Diospyros. Especie. Diospyros digyna En este cuadro podemos observar mas especifico la clasificación científica de la especie Diospyros digyna. El fruto es una baya parecida al tomate y de El zapote negro es pariente 5 a 10 cm de diámetro; maduro es del ébano pero no está de color verde amarillento fuerte, de emparentado con el pulpa marrón con aroma y textura zapote de las Sapotaceae, parecido al budín de chocolate. La ni con el zapote blanco de palabra en maya para denominar las Rutaceae. tanto al fruto como al árbol es taúch. Usos de importancia. Los frutos Maduros del zapote negro se emplean como laxante ligero y para bajar el azúcar en enfermos con diabetes. Los frutos inmaduros de color amarillo se usan como cataplasma para la sarna y para cerrar poros de la piel. La pulpa de la fruta madura se aplica en la cara también como humectante y nutritiva de la piel. La madera Es de excelente calidad, con características semejantes a las del ébano y se emplea en la fabricación de cabezas para palos de golf, esculturas, teclas para piano, muebles finos, enchapados, mangos para cuchillos, navajas y cepillos. Origen y distribución Es una especie de la familia Ebenaceae, nativa del oriente de México, de Centroamérica y del sur de Colombia. Anteriormente se creyó originario de Asia. Distribuida en la Vertiente del Golfo, desde el norte de Puebla y Veracruz hasta el norte de Chiapas. En Tlaxcala ocasionalmente se le llega a tener en huertos familiares protegiéndola del frío, los frutos no son de buena calidad. HABITAT. COMPOSICIÓN QUÍMICA Prospera en Los frutos contienen terrenos no principalmente carbohidratos, inundables, minerales y ácido ascórbico, preferentemente superando en este último a los en suelos de cítricos. textura franca a arcillosa, fértil, rica en materia orgánica y de buen drenaje. CONCLUSIONES. El zapote negro aunque sea nombrado como zapote negro no se emparenta con el zapote común, por sus diferentes características y origen. Ahora bien con quien si se emparenta es con el ébano. Es usado para anti-inflamatorio, en esta región del sur de México se usa el fruto tanto inmaduro como maduro, el primero se usa como pomada para la sarna y para cerrar los poros de la piel. Y el segundo para complemento alimenticio y para humectar la piel. De igual manera se usa para hacer mermelada o conserva. Su madera es muy importante ya que tiene una gran resistencia y por lo tanto es se usa para cabezas de palos de golf, teclas de piano etc. BIBLIOGRAFIA. O Información obtenida del catálogo de plantas de la sierra norte de puebla, México. O 2001. Miguel Ángel Martínez Alfaro, Virginia Evangelista Oliva, Myrna Mendoza Cruz. Revisado el 18-06-2014 O Cedillo E. 1990; Castro E. 1988; Chino P. y Jacques P. 1986. Espadas M. y Zita G. 1982; Evangelista V. y cols. 1991; Martínez M. A 1984, 1991. Revisado el 18-06-2014 O http://www.medicinatradicionalmexicana.unam.mx/monografia.php?l= 3&t=&id=7814 en esta página se encontró la bibliografía anterior. O http://foros.biomanantial.com/zapote-negro-laxante-suave-vt3933.htm en esta página se encontró la parte medicinal del zapote negro (laxante suave, por Miguel Ángel Gutiérrez). Consultado el 18-06-2014. .
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