2010-2011 Annual Report 2010-2011 Electrical Engineering
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Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science Electrical Engineering Annual Report 2010-2011 Annual Report 2010-2011 Electrical Engineering Table of Contents Faculty Highlights 4 Alumni Board 16 Student Awards 17 Members of National Academies 18 Research Centers 20 Department Overview 22 Circuits and Embedded Systems Faculty 24 Physical and Wave Electronics Faculty 27 Signals and Systems Faculty 30 Books by Faculty 33 Post-Graduation Academic Placement 34 Administration 35 Industry Affiliates 35 2 Annual Report Introduction 2010-2011 NANO/GREEN/BIO-PHOTONIC TECHNOLOGIES, ADVANCED CIRCUIT/SYSTEM/NETWORK DESIGN METHODOLOGIES STATE-OF-THE-ART RESULTS am pleased to report the activities of UCLA Electrical En- Distinguished Professor and Chairman Igineering for academic year 2010-2011. Our faculty have M.C. Frank Chang made strides in developing technology to improve the world we live in and the lives and health of humanity, including: contribution in high-speed CMOS communication circuits. ■ New tools for health and medicine: Professor Bahram Our alumnus Dr. Asad M. Madni (B.S. 1969, M.S. 1972) Jalali’s world’s fastest camera (STEAM — Serial Time En- was elected to the US National Academy of Engineering coded Amplified Microscopy) captures the motion of cells, (NAE), and was awarded the IEEE Instrumentation and allowing blood samples to be screened quickly and with ac- Measurement Society’s Career Excellence Award and the curacy. Professr Chi On Chui is developing active sensing Lifetime Contribution Award by UCLA HSSEAS. devices with gain (such as a nanowire-based FET sensor) for Recent graduates have accepted academic appointments, the detection and diagnosis of diseases. The UCLA Wireless from West Virginia University and SUNY Buffalo, to Cairo Health Initiative, led by Professor William Kaiser, seeks to University (Egypt), Yonsei University (South Korea) and improve the health and well-being particularly of those in at- National Chiao Tung University and National Tsing Hua risk populations. University (Taiwan). ■ Innovative technologies to meet increasing demands Our department is also set to welcome not only the of the green electronics: Profs. Lara Dolecek, Puneet Gupta largest freshmen class this Fall but also the largest graduate and Mani Srivastava seek to tackle the problem of overde- class as well — our reputation in research and education sign by intentionally underdesigning hardware and using grow stronger than ever. It has been 20 years since we took variability-aware software to mitigate the difference. Prof. on the name Electrical Engineering Department and we Kang Wang is developing spintronics memories to over- look forward to another 20 years of excellence. We proudly come constraints as electronic devices shrink through the recognize the accomplishments of our faculty and their DARPA STT-RAM program. Prof. Ken Yang proposes new research groups, and thank our alumni, friends and technology to extend the range of copper interconnects to customers in industry, government and academia for their meet limitations presented by current interconnect options. continuous support. ■ Alternate forms of energy: Professors Chan Joshi and Warren Mori are investigating laser fusion as a replacement for traditional energy (such as oil). The Clean Green IGERT Fellowship program, led by Prof. Diana Huffaker, is shap- ing scientists and engineers in the area of clean energy. Our quest for innovation has also pushed us to reach across disciplines. Professor Mihaela van der Schaar is lead- ing the UCLA Center for Engineering Economics, Learn- ing, and Networks. With funding support by Raytheon, Professors Izhak Rubin and Kung Yao have established the UCLA Public Safety Network Systems Laboratory to bring together experts from academia, industry and public safety agencies. Technical societies have recognized achievements of our faculty and alumni. Professor Behzad Razavi was awarded the 2012 IEEE Donald O. Pederson Award in Solid-State Circuits for his 3 Annual Report 2010-2011 Faculty Highlights blood screening using the world’s fastest camera etection and isolation of rare but low sensitivity due to the lack of Professor Bahram Jalali Devents among a large hetero- spatial resolution. Perhaps more im- geneous population of cells is portantly, the current flow imaging in the conventional methods, the proving to be important for early de- technology is not capable of real-time UCLA technology can perform real- tection of metastatic disease and for image processing even at the modest time detection of extremely rare cells monitoring the efficacy of therapy. throughput with which it operates — in a large sample of normal cells with Rare cells that have a significant im- almost 100x lower than necessary. high sensitivity, specificity, and sta- pact on medical diagnostics and ther- Professor Jalali and his group have tistical accuracy in a very short period apeutics include stem cell developed a high-throughput flow- of time. With the help of Prof. Dino trans plantation, vaccine develop- through imaging system for real-time Di Carlo’s group at UCLA Biomedical ment, noninvasive prenatal diagnos- detection of rare cells. This technol- Engineering Department, the re- tics, angio genesis research, and ogy makes use of the group’s pho- search has shown real-time identifi- cancer diagnostics and therapy. Un- tonic time stretch technology to cation of rare breast cancer cells in fortunately, detection of such “rogue” create the world’s fastest camera. The blood with a record low false-positive cells with high statistical accuracy is camera is then integrated with a cy- rate of one cell in a million. Prelimi- difficult to perform due to the lack of tometer and real-time image process- nary results indicate that this new technology with simultaneous high ing to classify every cell in a blood technology has the potential to enable sensitivity and high throughput. sample. The new blood screening detection of rare circulating tumor While useful for visual inspection of technology boasts an unprecedented cells from a large volume of blood in single cells with high sensitivity, au- throughput of 100,000 cells per sec- a short time opening the way for sta- tomated microscopy is prohibitively ond, twice as fast as the current state- tistically accurate early detection of slow. On the other hand, flow cytom- of-the-art automated microscopes. cancer and monitoring efficacy of etry has high throughput detection, Overcoming the limitations that exist drug and radiation therapy. Spherical Objective Lens Lens Microfluidic Device Cells Optical Flow Circulator Real-time Image Amplified Time Stretch Processing Photodiode 4 Annual Report Faculty Highlights 2010-2011 Semiconductor Active Biosensors and Biosensing ery low-cost and field-appropri- sensors have demonstrated label-free Assistant Professor Chi On Chui Vate molecular-level detections electronic detection of biomolecular for disease diagnostics, for analytes with sub-pM limit of detection nanowire-based FET sensor that instance, are sorely needed in both the (LOD). Moreover, their direct electrical electrically amplifies the biomolecular civilian and military populations. The outputs significantly simplify the signals locally at the sensing source development and deployment of such subsequent signal processing and with minimally added noise. The point-of-care (PoC) in vitro diagnostic transmission versus the competing “amplification-at-the-source” idea is (IVD) platforms are however optical PoC solutions. These generic analogous to that of a low-noise particularly challenging, especially in nanowire FET sensors, nevertheless, amplifier (LNA) in modern radio resource- limited settings, due to have severe limitations such as receiver circuits. Experimentally, the requirements such as high sensitivity impractically low output signal levels novel sensor prototypes have demon- and specificity, rapid turnaround time, at LOD, insufficient sensitivity, charge strated 5-10 times sensitivity absence of equipped facilities and screening in high ionic strength improvement in detecting solution trained personnel, pH value and cancer low-cost of disposables protein biomarkers and fixed equipments, over the conven tional portability, etc. As a nanowire FET. In addi- key component inside tion, his laboratory is these platforms, the developing innovative biosensor is responsi- sensing procedures to ble for capturing the mitigate simultane- disease biomarker in- ously the screening formation and trans- Optical micrograph of a disposable Scaning electron micrograph of the and selectivity issues. lating that into either a electronic test strip prototype with novel nanowire-based FET sensor In collaboration with chemical or physical handling fluidics for field-appropriate in invented in Professor Chi On Chui’s cardiology clinicians at output signal. For vitro diagnostic (IVD) applications laboratory UCLA, his laboratory highly selective detec- is prototyping IVD tions or captures of these biomarkers, solutions, and non-manufacturability. platforms (Figure 2) for highly sensi- either antigen-antibody specific bind- Besides sensitivity, the detection tive, quantitative, and rapid diagnosis ings or complementary nucleic acid selectivity is often compromised by the of time- critical cardiovascular disease hybridizations are widely adopted in platform-independent non-specific such as acute myocardial infarction. common diagnostic platforms. The competitive binding events with Professor Chui has received several criteria