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Jim Jones, Te Indianapolis in De Amerikaanse Staat Indiana People's Temple Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie De People's Temple is een religieuze sekte die voornamelijk bekend is door de collectieve zelfmoord in Jonestown (Guyana) op 18 november 1978. De beweging werd in 1953 gesticht door dominee Jim Jones, te Indianapolis in de Amerikaanse staat Indiana. Geschiedenis Na de stichting in Indianapolis breidde Jones de beweging uit naar steden in Californië, zoals San Francisco en Los Angeles. De leden trachtten zoveel mogelijk de armste burgers te helpen, in het bijzonder minderheden, drugsverslaafden en daklozen. Ze richtten verdeelcentra op zodat de armen goedkoop aan eten konden geraken en zorgden voor kinderopvang en bejaardentehuizen. Bovendien verzorgden ze begeleiding voor prostituees en drugsverslaafden die hun leven een andere koers wilden geven. Na een tijdje begonnen echter geruchten te circuleren, verspreid door een aantal mensen die er in geslaagd waren de sekte te verlaten. Jones zou stelen van zijn volgelingen, miraculeuze genezingen vervalsen, de leden van zijn beweging straffen, sodomie praktiseren met mannelijke volgelingen, en zichzelf als de Messias zien. Journalisten en politici besteedden hierdoor veel aandacht aan Jones' beweging. Jones zelf reageerde hierop met langdradige en kwade toespraken, waarin hij de afvalligen voor leugenaars uitschold en waarin hij beweerde dat de rest van de wereld hem enkel wilde vernietigen. Tegelijkertijd deden er echter steeds meer geruchten de ronde van vroegere leden die naar hun eigen zeggen werden geslagen en misbruikt, en verwanten van leden hielden vol dat hun familieleden werden gedwongen in de sekte te blijven tegen hun wil. Als reactie hierop verhuisde Jones zijn beweging met meer dan 800 volgelingen naar Guyana. De leden werd een tropisch paradijs beloofd, maar zodra zij ter plaatse arriveerden, werden ze gedwongen te werken onder de supervisie van Jones. Zo werd Jonestown gebouwd. In november 1978 bracht Leo Ryan, een congreslid van de Verenigde Staten, samen met een aantal journalisten een bezoek aan de sekte, als onderdeel van het onderzoek naar misbruik. Daar aangekomen leek hij in een hemel op aarde te zijn beland, een soort eigentijds Utopia. De mensen waren vrolijk, er werd gedanst en gezongen en Ryan raakte overtuigd van het ongelijk van de verdachtmakingen. Maar dat veranderde toen hij op de avond voor zijn vertrek heimelijk briefjes ontving van mensen die hoopten via hem te ontsnappen. Jones ontdekte het verraad en besloot zich van de senator te ontdoen. Nietsvermoedend wilde Ryan met zijn gezelschap in zijn vliegtuig stappen, maar hij werd voor vertrek door volgelingen van Jones beschoten. Hierbij kwamen Ryan, drie journalisten en een ex-volgeling om het leven. Eén van de journalisten slaagde er nog in voor zijn overlijden de aanslag op film vast te leggen. 1 Jones wist dat de gevolgen van dit bloedbad niet lang op zich zouden laten wachten. Later die dag beval hij aan al zijn volgelingen een fruitdrank met cyanide erin op te drinken. Diegenen die dit weigerden, werden neergeschoten, gewurgd of met cyanide ingespoten. Jones zelf overleed aan een schotwond in zijn hoofd. Achteraf bleek dat zijn lichaam hoge doses drugs bevatte. In totaal stierven die dag 914 mensen. Kort na de collectieve zelfmoord werden de huizen van de People's Temple in San Francisco vernietigd. Deze plaats, 1859 Geary Boulevard in het Westen van de stad, bleef onaangeroerd tot de United States Postal Service er meer dan 20 jaar later een postkantoor bouwde. Het voormalige telefoonnummer van de beweging, - Walnut 1-9654 - werd nooit meer hergebruikt. Andere bewegingen Hoewel de namen op elkaar lijken, heeft de People's Temple niets te maken met • The Temple of the People , een religieuze organisatie die zijn hoofdkwartier in Halcyon, Californië, USA heeft; • Peoples Church , een onafhankelijke kerk die verbonden is met the Assemblies of God te Fresno, Californië, USA. Quote Originele Engelse quote : "When you meet the friendliest people you have ever known, who introduce you to the most loving group of people you've ever encountered, and you find the leader to be the most inspired, caring, compassionate and understanding person you've ever met, and then you learn the cause of the group is something you never dared hope could be accomplished, and all of this sounds too good to be true-it probably is too good to be true! Don't give up your education, your hopes and ambitions to follow a rainbow. " Vertaald naar het Nederlands : "Wanneer je de meest vriendelijke mensen ooit ontmoet, die jou opnemen in de meest liefdevolle groep van mensen die je ooit bent tegengekomen, en je vindt de leider van deze groep de meest inspirerende, zorgzame, meelevende en begrijpende persoon die je ooit hebt ontmoet, en dan leer je dat het doel van deze groep iets is wat je nooit had durven hopen dat het zou gerealiseerd worden, en dit alles klinkt te goed om waar te zijn - dan is het waarschijnlijk ook te goed om waar te zijn! Verloochen je opleiding, hoop en ambities niet om een regenboog te volgen. " Door Jeannie Mills oftewel Deanna Mertle. Zij was een afvallige van de People's Temple en schrijfster van het boek "Six years with God" en medestichter van het Concerned Relatives and the Human Freedom Center . Jeannie Mills werd samen met haar man en haar dochter vermoord in 1980. 2 Jim Jones Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie Jerry Brown and Jim Jones James Warren (Jim) Jones (Crete (Indiana), 13 mei 1931 - Jonestown (Guyana), 18 november 1978) was een Amerikaanse sekteleider die in 1953 de kerk de People's Temple (Volkstempel) in Indianapolis (Indiana) stichtte. Daarna verhuisde de kerk naar San Francisco (Californië). De van oorsprong christelijke kerk begon zich in te zetten voor sociale rechtvaardigheid en verwerd tot een sekte, gekenmerkt door autoritair machtsmisbruik door Jones en bizarre geloofsovertuigingen. De sekte vestigde in de jaren zeventig een landbouwcommune genaamd Jonestown in het oerwoud van Guyana. Naar aanleiding van een artikel wat Jim Jones in een negatief daglicht zou zetten verplaatste Jim Jones en bijna alle leden van de sekte naar de commune in 1978. De sekte raakte totaal afgesloten van de buitenwereld. Dead followers of Jim Jones lay before his "throne" Nadat familieleden van sekteleden hem op de hoogte stelden van de praktijken van Jones ging de Amerikaanse Democratische afgevaardigde Leo Ryan in 1978 met een groep journalisten poolshoogte nemen. Op de avond voor vertrek ontving hij daar briefjes van mensen die via hem wilden ontsnappen. Jones ontdekte dit 'verraad' en besloot Ryan te vermoorden. Na een mislukte aanslag op afgevaardigde Ryan in het kamp werd besloten te vertrekken. Afgevaardigde Ryan en zijn gevolg (journalisten, staf en sekteleden die wilden 3 vertrekken) werden op het asfalt van de luchthaven beschoten door sekteleden, waarbij de afgevaardigde, en een aantal mensen uit zijn gevolg om het leven kwamen. Op 18 november voerde Jones 912 van zijn volgelingen mee de dood in bij een massale zelfdoding. Hij hield hen voor dat de Guyaanse strijdkrachten onderweg waren om hen te martelen en te doden, vanwege de moord op Leo Ryan. Jones stelde dat het tijd was om 'waardig te sterven' en leidde een naar eigen zeggen 'massale zelfmoord voor de glorie van het socialisme'. Iedereen kreeg limonade met cyaankali te drinken; wie niet wilde, werd gedwongen om te drinken, kreeg een inspuiting met cyaankali of werd doodgeschoten door de tempelwachters. Jim Jones zelf eindigde met een kogel in zijn hoofd. Voor meer info – klik hier : http://www.rickross.com/groups/jonestown.html Jonestown (Guyana) Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie Jonestown Plaats in Guyana 4 Coördinaten 7°44'N 59°53'W Portaal Zuid-Amerika Jonestown is een plaats die in de jungle van Guyana, afgeschermd van de rest van de wereld, werd gebouwd onder de leiding van Jim Jones. Hij beval de leden van zijn sekte, genaamd People's Temple, hiertoe. Oorspronkelijk stichtte Jones zijn sekte in Indianapolis, Indiana. Hij moest echter uitwijken naar Guyana toen er steeds meer geruchten circuleerden over drugsmisbruik, fraude en moord binnen zijn sekte. Een bezoek aan de stad door de Amerikaanse senator Leo Ryan liep uit op een aanslag op diens leven, waarna de leden van de sekte gedwongen werden collectief zelfmoord te plegen. 5 .
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