Language Relations in Guangzhou in Relations Language Page Gamst Alexander
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UC Berkeley Phonology Lab Annual Report (2009)
UC Berkeley Phonology Lab Annual Report (2009) The Phonology of Incomplete Tone Merger in Dalian1 Te-hsin Liu [email protected] 1. Introduction The thesis of tone merger in northern Chinese dialects was first proposed by Wang (1982), and further developed by Lien (1986), the migration of IIb (Yangshang) into III (Qu) being a common characteristic. The present work aims to provide an update on the current state of tone merger in northern Chinese, with a special focus on Dalian, which is a less well-known Mandarin dialect spoken in Liaoning province in Northeast China. According to Song (1963), four lexical tones are observed in citation form, i.e. 312, 34, 213 and 53 (henceforth Old Dalian). Our first-hand data obtained from a young female speaker of Dalian (henceforth Modern Dalian) suggests an inventory of three lexical tones, i.e. 51, 35 and 213. The lexical tone 312 in Old Dalian, derived from Ia (Yinping), is merging with 51, derived from III (Qu), in the modern system. This variation across decades is consistent with dialects spoken in the neighboring Shandong province, where a reduced tonal inventory of three tones is becoming more and more frequent. However, the tone merger in Modern Dalian is incomplete. A slight phonetic difference can be observed between these two falling contours: both of them have similar F0 values, but the falling contour derived from Ia (Yinping) has a longer duration compared with the falling contour derived from III (Qu). Nevertheless, the speaker judges the contours to be the same. Similar cases of near mergers, where speakers consistently report that two classes of sounds are “the same”, yet consistently differentiate them in production, are largely reported in the literature. -
Tone Sandhi in Jiaonan Dialect: an Optimality Theoretical Account
TAL 2012 ̶ Third International ISCA Archive Symposium on Tonal Aspects of http://www.isca-speech.org/archive Languages Nanjing, China, May 26-29, 2012 Tone Sandhi in Jiaonan Dialect: an Optimality Theoretical Account Zhao Cunhua 1, Zhai Honghua 2 1 College of Foreign Languages, Shandong University of Science and Technology, China 2 College of Foreign Languages, Shandong University of Science and Technology, China [email protected], [email protected] Abstract 2. Experimental Description Based on phonetic experiment, this paper aims at providing The raw phonetic data is gained through the acoustic records phonetic description on the tones and disyllabic tone sandhi in conducted in July 2009 and November 2010 respectively. Jiaonan dialect, and then illustrating the phonological Only one elder male’s and female’s sound were chosen from structures within the framework of Auto-segmental Phonology the six informants’ invited in 2009. The test words were from to conduct an OT analysis on the tone sandhi patterns of Fangyan Diaocha Zibiao and The Study of Shandong Dialect, Jiaonan dialect. including 160 monosyllabic words in citation forms and 130 Index Terms: Jiaonan dialect, phonetics, tone, tone sandhi, pairs in disyllabic sequences. Finally, 111 monosyllabic words OT in citation forms and 117 in disyllabic sequences are involved and taken for the next recording. The equipment used then 1. Introduction was SAMSUNG BR-1640 digital recorder. In 2011, 6 college Jiaonan, a county-level city of Qingdao, locates in the students from Jiaonan City were invited for audio recording. southeast of Shandong Peninsula. Jiaonan dialect (JND for Data recording was made by using a portable computer short hereafter) belongs to Jiao Liao Mandarin, a sub-dialect (Lenovo) and a microphone (Sennheiser PC 166) with the of the northern Mandarin family. -
Incomplete Tone Merger As Evidence for Lexical Diffusion in Dalian Te
Incomplete Tone Merger as Evidence for Lexical Diffusion in Dalian1 Te-hsin Liu National Taiwan Normal University The presence of near mergers has long been a puzzle for linguists due to the notions such as contrast, categorization as well as the postulated symmetry between production and perception (Labov 1994). The present research aims to provide a case study of tonal near merger in Dalian, a less well-known Mandarin dialect spoken in Northeast China. Using a case study of tonal near merger as a jumping off point, this paper draws on insights from the hypothesis of lexical diffusion (Wang 1969) to illustrate that sound change could indeed take a long period of time to complete its course. 1. Introduction The present research aims to provide a case study of tonal near merger in Dalian. According to Song (1963), four lexical tones are observed in citation form, i.e. 312, 34, 213 and 53 (henceforth Old Dalian)2. Our first-hand data obtained from a young female speaker of Dalian (henceforth Modern Dalian) suggests an inventory of three lexical tones, i.e. 51, 35 and 213. The lexical tone 312 in Old Dalian, derived from Ia (Yinping), is merging with 51, derived from III (Qu), in the modern system. However, the tone merger in Modern Dalian is incomplete. A slight phonetic difference can be observed between these two falling contours: both of them have similar F0 values, but the falling contour derived from Ia (Yinping) has a longer duration compared with the falling contour derived from III (Qu). Nevertheless, 1 This is a revised version of a longer paper to appear in Journal of Chinese Linguitics. -
Study of Heritage Conservation in Guangzhou
Study of Heritage Conservation in Guangzhou Shamian Historic Buildings The Shamian Historic Buildings are a cluster of Western-style buildings constructed by countries such as Britain and France inside the foreign concessions of Guangzhou. These buildings were originally consulates, churches, banks, post offices, telegram offices, firms, hospitals, hotels and residences. The residents at that time were mostly the staff members of the consulates, banks and foreign firms, as well as foreign tax officers and missionaries. The main architectural styles included the British and French colonialist, eclectic and early modernist style. This group of buildings was declared as the first batch of the “National Excellence Modern Building Unit” ( 全國近代優秀建築單位), and was declared a protected site for its historical and cultural value at the national level in 1990 and 1996 respectively. At present these buildings have been progressively adaptively re-used. For instance, the Pallonjee House in South Shamian Street was originally the staff quarters of the Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank, and it is now used as the office of the “Mo Bo-zhi Architectural Firm” (莫伯治建築師事務所). References: 1. Guangzhou Municipal Construction Committee (ed.).《廣州歷史文化名勝》. Guangzhou Municipality: Hua Cheng Publishing Ltd: 2002, pp.141, 144. 2. Guangdong Cultural Website, 荔 灣 區:沙 面 西 式 建 築 . http://www.gdwh.com.cn/xiuxian/2010/0525/article_111.htm 3. Guangzhou Cultural Information Website,沙面建築群. http://www.gzwh.gov.cn/whw/channel/whmc/lsjq/smjzq/index.htm The Shamian Historic Buildings with their continental European The words “PALLONJEE HOUSE” are inscribed on the granite Source of photos: Commissioner of Heritage’s ambience. at the front door of Pallonjee House. -
THE MEDIA's INFLUENCE on SUCCESS and FAILURE of DIALECTS: the CASE of CANTONESE and SHAAN'xi DIALECTS Yuhan Mao a Thesis Su
THE MEDIA’S INFLUENCE ON SUCCESS AND FAILURE OF DIALECTS: THE CASE OF CANTONESE AND SHAAN’XI DIALECTS Yuhan Mao A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts (Language and Communication) School of Language and Communication National Institute of Development Administration 2013 ABSTRACT Title of Thesis The Media’s Influence on Success and Failure of Dialects: The Case of Cantonese and Shaan’xi Dialects Author Miss Yuhan Mao Degree Master of Arts in Language and Communication Year 2013 In this thesis the researcher addresses an important set of issues - how language maintenance (LM) between dominant and vernacular varieties of speech (also known as dialects) - are conditioned by increasingly globalized mass media industries. In particular, how the television and film industries (as an outgrowth of the mass media) related to social dialectology help maintain and promote one regional variety of speech over others is examined. These issues and data addressed in the current study have the potential to make a contribution to the current understanding of social dialectology literature - a sub-branch of sociolinguistics - particularly with respect to LM literature. The researcher adopts a multi-method approach (literature review, interviews and observations) to collect and analyze data. The researcher found support to confirm two positive correlations: the correlative relationship between the number of productions of dialectal television series (and films) and the distribution of the dialect in question, as well as the number of dialectal speakers and the maintenance of the dialect under investigation. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author would like to express sincere thanks to my advisors and all the people who gave me invaluable suggestions and help. -
Vers Une Nouvelle Typologie Des Langues Sinitiques
Vers une nouvelle typologie des langues sinitiques Hilary M. Chappell* INTRODUCTION Cette troisième partie présente trois études approfondies sur la morphosyntaxe et la typologie des langues sinitiques, comprenant des analyses (i) sur la morphologie chinoise fusionnelle, qui reste peu connue et qui touche respectivement la phrase nominale (type dérivationnel privilégié) et la phrase prédicative (type flexionnel privilégié) (Lamarre), (ii) sur la question de la présence - ou absence - d’érosion phonétique, y compris la fusion, dans les processus de grammaticalisation de diverses formes grammaticales (Chen & Wu), et (iii) sur la formation des marqueurs de négation fusionnés et utilisés dans la négation des phrases impératives dans le min méridional de Taïwan (Lien). Il est évident que le fil conducteur qui unit ces trois contributions est le thème du fusionnement qui produit des variantes morphologiques et qui inclut surtout les phénomènes d’alternance tonale et de réduction phonétique, qui sont loin d’avoir été étudiés de manière systématique dans le domaine de la linguistique chinoise, leur étude ayant été laissée jusqu’à aujourd’hui aux dialectologues qui mènent des recherches sur les langues et dialectes en dehors de la langue standard. Les trois articles réunis dans cette troisième partie représentent donc des explorations approfondies sur des questions spécifiques qui concernent la morphologisation et la morphosyntaxe des langues sinitiques. Ce sont assurément des domaines d’intérêt majeurs pour les études typologiques aujourd’hui. La linguistique chinoise telle qu’elle est pratiquée en Chine, mais aussi en Occident, a toujours eu tendance à mettre en avant le mandarin standard, une langue pourtant quasi-artificielle qui a été créée sur la base de la prononciation du dialecte pékinois cultivé, du lexique des dialectes chinois du nord et de la grammaire de la littérature vernaculaire moderne1. -
For at Least 2,200 Years, Guangzhou Has Always Been Seen As a City That
South Asian Journal of Tourism and Heritage (2008), Vol. 1, No. 1 Issues for Developing National Heritage Protection Areas for Tourism: A Case study from China HILARY DU CROS Hilary du Cros, Professor, Institute for Tourism Studies, Macao SAR, China ABSTRACT Shamian Island is a nineteenth century European designed historical precinct in Guangzhou, which is also one of the oldest cities in China that has always been a key point for trade and communication. Steamships in the nineteenth century use to bring Western tourists to the city and more lately it has developed a reputation for business and heritage tourism. The Island has continued into the twenty-first century to be a focal point for these visitors. A longitudinal study has been conducted over the last six years that applies the indicators from Butler’s Tourism Area Life Cycle model (1980, 2006) to examine the key issues in its development as a cultural tourism product area. Visits were undertaken annually where observations were made of changes in land use, conservation of heritage assets and tourism development. Interviews were conducted with key stakeholders regarding tourism development and heritage management issues. It was found that the area shows some unexpected characteristics in its development, due to the nature of its protection and management. KEYWORDS: Heritage tourism, tourism product areas, heritage management, China INTRODUCTION Cultural tourism can be defined as, “a form of tourism that relies on a destination's cultural heritage assets and transforms them into products that can be consumed by tourists,” (McKercher and du Cros, 2002:6). Christou (2005) notes that the term “cultural tourism” is used interchangeably with that of “heritage tourism”, which while this is true, is ignoring the fact that the latter really fits neatly within the former. -
200 Years of History
A Journey Shared: The United States & China A JOURNEY SH A RED : THE UNI T ED Stat E S & CHIN A 200 Years of History IN T RODU ct ION n February 1784, one of the world’s newest remained and brought Chinese and Americans together in the Icountries sent a trading ship to one of pursuit of separate and shared goals. Most importantly, both the Earth’s oldest civilizations. Thus began the story of the peoples considered their relationship—despite evidence to the relationship between the peoples of contrary—as one of friendship. the United States and China. Over the course of the next 225 years, the What may have begun as myth United States became a superpower, became, over time, part of the while imperial China was transformed reality of U.S.-China relations. into a modern nation, ready to Realists and ideologues may assume its place on the 21st century have dominated diplomacy, and stage. profit-driven businessmen may have dominated trade, but genuine While there were ups and downs friendship sparked educational and in the bilateral relationship, for developmental programs. Today, most of that time, each government this interrelationship of official and concentrated its diplomatic efforts unofficial contacts has produced on more urgent threats to its national the most important bilateral interests. Throughout the 19th relationship of the new century. and 20th centuries, the Chinese often Chinese President Hu Jintao and U.S. President George W. Bush lead their countries into the 21st century (AP Images) focused on Europe, Japan, Russia, and At the dawning of the 21st later the Soviet Union, while the United century, the United States and States turned toward Latin America, Europe, and the Middle China are deeply intertwined, with countless arenas of possible East. -
Acquisition of Metropolitan Plaza – 8 Huangsha Road Guangzhou April 2017
Acquisition of Metropolitan Plaza – 8 Huangsha Road Guangzhou April 2017 Metropolitan Plaza – 8 Huangsha Road Property Particulars 8 Huangsha Road, Liwan District, Location Guangzhou Opening 2012 Agreed Property Value Aboveground: 1F-3F No. of Floors Underground: B1& B2 (car park) RMB 4,065M Gross Floor Area ~88,726 sqm (retail) Expected date of completion of acquisition 11 May 2017 Car Park Spaces 695 spaces P.2 Guangzhou City Overview Gateway to Southern China Lowest retail supply among Tier One Cities Guangdong Province Shopping Mall Stock Per Metropolitan Consumer (1) (sqm per person) 2015 2018 Tier one cities Tier two and beyond Guangzhou 3 2.5 2 Shenzhen 1.5 1 0.5 Hong Kong 0 Mainland China Note: (1) Refers to those living in the city’s core metropolitan area with annual Guangdong disposable income over RMB 30,000. Source: JLL Research / EIU Political, economic and manufacturing capital of Southern China (RMB billion) (RMB’000) . Guangzhou is strategically positioned as the political 3000 200 2500 160 centre and hub for international shipping and trading in 2000 120 1500 Southern China 80 1000 500 40 rd . Ranked 3 on GDP among all cities in Mainland China 0 0 Shanghai Beijing Guangzhou Shenzhen . Ranked 2nd on per capita GDP after Shenzhen GDP (2016) (LHS) Per Capita GDP (2016) (RHS) Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China P.3 Liwan District Overview Well-developed Old Town District in Guangzhou Map of Guangzhou city Map of vicinity Shangxiajiu Pedestrian Shopping Street Liwanhu Park Metro Line 1 GZ Baiyun International Airport Hengbao Plaza Changshou Lu Station Huadu Ruyifang Station Baiyun GZ East Guangzhou Railway Station No. -
Language Translator Abkhaz (Аҧсуа Бызшәа) Каџьаиа М. Afenmai
Language Translator Abkhaz (аҧсуа бызшәа) Каџьаиа М. Afenmai (Afemai) | Etsako Imisioluwa Adetula Albanian (Shqip) Gentrita Bajrami Alsatian Maurice Bolla Amharic Sergi Moles Arabic Fuad Kastali / JCI Syria Armenian Marc Herrando Verdaguer Asante Twi Emmanuel Asamoah Assyrian Neo-Aramaic Issa Hanna Basque (Euskara) BFT Bavarian (Bayrisch) Armin Müller / Markus Spiess Bavarian (Bayrisch) | Lower Bavaria (Niederbayrisch) Martina Bubl-Porro Belarusian (Belaruski) Marc Herrando Verdaguer Bengali Shaiful Azam Bosnian (Bosanski) Marko Ignjátić Breton Jacques Arnal Bulgarian (Balgarski) Ana Nikolova Burgenland Croatia ((Hrvatsko | Gradiščanskohrvatsko) Thomas Novoszel Busa (Mande) |Bokobaru Fatima Halliru Catalan (Català) Oscar Hijosa i Milà Chinese | Yue Teresa Poon T.P. Chinese | Yue Hai T.P. Chinese | Standard Cantonese T.P. Chinese | Weitou T.P. Chinese | Dongguan T.P. Chinese | Qingyuan T.P. Chinese | Zhaoqing T.P. Chinese | Luo Gang T.P. Chinese | Xiguan T.P. Chinese | Siyi (Sei-yup) T.P. Chinese | Wuhua T.P. Chinese | Qinlian T.P. Chinese | Enping T.P. Chinese | Jiangmen T.P. Chinese | Kaiping T.P. Chinese | Taishan T.P. Chinese | Xinhui T.P. Chinese | Gaoyang T.P. Chinese | Yongxun T.P. Chinese | Goulou T.P. Chinese | Maoming T.P. Chinese | Yangjiang T.P. Chinese | Guinan T.P. Chinese | Beihai T.P. Chinese | Wuzhou T.P. Chinese | Tanka Yue T.P. Chinese | Shiqi T.P. Chinese | Jiujiang T.P. Chinese | Nanning dialect T.P. Chinese | Yongning dialect T.P. Chinese | Guiping dialect T.P. Chinese | Chongzuo dialect T.P. Chinese | Ningmin dialect T.P. Chinese | Hengxian dialect T.P. Chinese | Baise dialect T.P. Chinese | Guangzhou dialect T.P. Chinese | Macau dialect T.P. Chinese | Nanhai dialect T.P. -
Some Reflections on Chinese Dialect Island Research in the Post-Covid-19 Period
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by CSCanada.net: E-Journals (Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture,... ISSN 1712-8056[Print] Canadian Social Science ISSN 1923-6697[Online] Vol. 16, No. 10, 2020, pp. 1-4 www.cscanada.net DOI:10.3968/11892 www.cscanada.org Some Reflections on Chinese Dialect Island Research in the Post-Covid-19 Period WANG Wei[a],*; ZHOU Weihong[b] [a] Associate Professor, School of Interpreting and Translation, Beijing news report of People’s Daily, China will form a new International Studies University, Beijing, China. development pattern centered on “internal circulation,” [b] Lecturer, Department of College English Education, Beijing City University Beijing, China. (Lu & Li 2020) and speed up a “dual circulation” (ibid) *Corresponding author. growth model in which “internal circulation” (ibid) and “international circulation” (ibid) promote each other, said Received 24 July 2020; accepted 27 September 2020 the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Published online 26 October 2020 (CPC) Central Committee during a meeting convened on July 30. The meeting demanded the country to establish Abstract a medium- and long-term coordination mechanism for The topic of dialect island has been gradually recognized COVID-19 control and economic and social development, and studied by Chinese linguists in recent years. Due keep its strategies in restructuring, rely on technological to the impact of the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, China innovation, improve cross-cyclical macro-control design has shifted her economic focus on domestic market. and regulations, and realize long-term balance between Therefore, dialect varieties shall not become obstacles for growth stability and risk control. -
Reinventing the Traditional Guangzhou Teahouse: Caterers
Reinventing the Traditional Guangzhou Teahouse: Caterers, Customers and Cooks in Post-Socialist Urban South China Jakob Akiba Klein School of Oriental and African Studies University of London Ph.D. Social Anthropology 2004 ProQuest Number: 10673050 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10673050 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 4 8 1 0 6 - 1346 ABSTRACT This thesis, based on ten months of field research and archival studies in Guangzhou (Canton), centres on an ethnographic portrait of a 120-year old teahouse, a state enterprise which combines the functions of teahouse and restaurant in a single establishment with the help of 180 staff. I approach the teahouse as a complex, shifting social space embedded in wider discourses and historical processes, and use the ethnographic portrait as a basis for exploration into several themes in the anthropology of urban China. The first chapter provides an historical background and deals with the rise, fall and revival of teahouse culture in the changing uses of urban space in the twentieth century.