DOCSLIB.ORG

VOL 43 DAY 43 September 16, 2019

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
VOL 43 DAY 43 September 16, 2019 ·1· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Court File No. 94-CQ-50872CM ·2· · · · · · · · · · · · · · ONTARIO ·3· · · · · · · · · ·SUPERIOR COURT OF JUSTICE ·4· · · · B E T W E E N: ·5· · · · ·THE CHIPPEWAS OF SAUGEEN FIRST NATION, and THE ·5· · · · · · · ·CHIPPEWAS OF NAWASH FIRST NATION ·6· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Plaintiffs ·6· · · · · · · · · · · · · · - and - ·7· · · · · · · · THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA, ·7· · · · HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN IN RIGHT OF ONTARIO, THE ·8· · · · · · ·CORPORATION OF THE COUNTY OF GREY, THE ·8· · · · · · CORPORATION OF THE COUNTY OF BRUCE, THE ·9· · · · · CORPORATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF NORTHERN ·9· · · · BRUCE PENINSULA, THE CORPORATION OF THE TOWN OF 10· · · · ·SOUTH BRUCE PENINSULA, THE CORPORATION OF THE 10· · · · TOWN OF SAUGEEN SHORES, and THE CORPORATION OF 11· · · · · · · · THE TOWNSHIP OF GEORGIAN BLUFFS 11· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Defendants 12 13· · · · · · · · · · · · · · Court File No. 03-CV-261134CM1 14· · · · A N D· ·B E T W E E N: 15· · · · ·CHIPPEWAS OF NAWASH UNCEDED FIRST NATION and 15· · · · · · · · · · · SAUGEEN FIRST NATION 16· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Plaintiffs 16· · · · · · · · · · · · · · - and - 17· · · ·THE, ATTORNEY GENERAL, OF CANADA and HER MAJESTY 17· · · · · · · · ·THE QUEEN IN RIGHT OF ONTARIO 18· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Defendants 19 20· · · · · · · · · · · · · · -------- 21· · · · ---· This is VOLUME 43 / DAY 43 of the trial 21· · · · proceedings in the above-noted matter, being 22· · · · held at the Superior Court of Justice, 330 22· · · · University Avenue, Courtroom 5-1 Toronto, 23· · · · Ontario, on the 16th day of September 2019. 23· · · · · · · · · · · · · ·---------- 24· · · · B E F O R E: 25· · · · The Honourable Justice Wendy M. Matheson Page 5139 ·1· · · · A P P E A R A N C E S : ·2 ·3· · · · Renee Pelletier, Esq.,· · · ·for the Plaintiffs, ·4· · · · H.W. Roger Townshend, Esq.,· The Chippewas of ·5· · · · & Benjamin Brookwell, Esq.,· Saugeen First ·6· · · · & Chris Evans, Esq.,· · · · ·Nation, and the ·7· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·Chippewas of Nawash ·8· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·First Nation. ·9 10 11· · · · Michael Beggs, Esq.,· · · ·for the Defendant, 12· · · · & Michael McCulloch, Esq., Attorney General 13· · · · & Barry Ennis, Esq.,· · · ·of Canada. 14 15 16· · · · David Feliciant, Esq.,· · ·for the Defendant, 17· · · · & Jennifer Le Pan, Esq.,· ·Her Majesty the 18· · · · & Richard Ogden, Esq.· · · Queen in Right of 19· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·Ontario. 20 21 22 23 24 25 Page 5140 ·1· · · · · · · · · · · · · ·I N D E X ·2· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · PAGE ·3· · · · WITNESS:· RONALD WILLIAMSON ·4· · · · Examination in-chief on qualifications ·5· · · · by Mr. Townshend............................5152 ·6· · · · Cross-examination on qualifications ·7· · · · by Mr. Ogden................................5210 ·8· · · · Submissions by Mr. Ogden....................5218 ·9· · · · Submissions by Mr. Townshend................5229 10· · · · Ruling on witness' qualifications...........5233 11· · · · Further examination in-chief 12· · · · by Mr. Townshend............................5237 13· · · · Examination in-chief continued 14· · · · by Ms. Pelletier............................5260 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Page 5141 ·1· · · · · · · · · · · ·INDEX OF EXHIBITS ·2· · · · NO./ DESCRIPTION· · · · · · · · · · · · · · PAGE ·3· · · · 4234· One-page excerpt from written· · · · ·5148 ·4· · · · · · · interrogatories summary; Document ·5· · · · · · · SC0988. ·6· · · · 4235· Agreed statement of fact· · · · · · · 5151 ·7· · · · · · · regarding the visibility of the ·8· · · · · · · Bluffs; Document SC1083. ·9· · · · 4236· Curriculum vitae of Dr. Ronald· · · · 5152 10· · · · · · · Williamson; Document SC1071. 11· · · · 4237· Ministry of Culture Standards and· · ·5163 12· · · · · · · Guidelines for Consultant 13· · · · · · · Archeologists; Document SC1072. 14· · · · 4238· 2011 bulletin entitled "Engaging· · · 5174 15· · · · · · · Aboriginal Communities in 16· · · · · · · Archeology:· A Draft Technical 17· · · · · · · Bulletin for Consultant 18· · · · · · · Archeologists in Ontario"; 19· · · · · · · Document SC1073. 20· · · · Q-1· ·Statement of· qualification for· · · ·5208 21· · · · · · · Dr. Ron Williamson; Document 22· · · · · · · SC1074. 23· · · · 4239· Dr. Williamson's first report on· · · 5237 24· · · · · · · archeology and history of the SON 25· · · · · · · traditional land and region, Page 5142 ·1· · · · · · · · · · · ·INDEX OF EXHIBITS ·2· · · · NO./ DESCRIPTION· · · · · · · · · · · · · · PAGE ·3· · · · · · · 2013; Document SC1075. ·4· · · · 4240· Report prepared by Dr. Williamson· · ·5238 ·5· · · · · · · et al. on the chemical analysis ·6· · · · · · · of glass beads from the River ·7· · · · · · · Mouth Speaks site; Document ·8· · · · · · · SC1076. ·9· · · · 4241· Supplementary report by Dr.· · · · · ·5239 10· · · · · · · Williamson about cultural 11· · · · · · · continuity in the SONTL; Document 12· · · · · · · SC1081. 13· · · · 4242· Errata in Exhibit 4239; Document· · · 5240 14· · · · · · · SC1078. 15· · · · 4243· Errata in Exhibit 4240; Document· · · 5241 16· · · · · · · SC1079. 17· · · · 4244· Errata related to Exhibit 4241;· · · ·5241 18· · · · · · · Document SC1077. 19· · · · Q-2· ·Excerpt from the July 2019 report· · ·5251 20· · · · · · · of Dr. von Gernet; Document 21· · · · · · · SC1080. 22· · · · 4245· Article entitled "Group· · · · · · · ·5259 23· · · · · · · Identities in the Boreal Forest", 24· · · · · · · authored by Adolph Greenberg and 25· · · · · · · James Morrison; Document S0699. Page 5143 ·1· · · · · · · · · · · ·INDEX OF EXHIBITS ·2· · · · NO./ DESCRIPTION· · · · · · · · · · · · · · PAGE ·3· · · · 4246· Article entitled, "Navigating· · · · ·5273 ·4· · · · · · · Ancestral Landscapes in the ·5· · · · · · · Northern Iroquoian World"; ·6· · · · · · · Document S0224. ·7 ·8 ·9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Page 5144 ·1· · · · ---· Upon commencing· 10:03 a.m. ·2· · · · · · · · · THE COURT:· Morning, Mr. Townshend. ·3· · · · · · · · · MR. TOWNSHEND:· Good morning, Your ·4· · · · Honour. ·5· · · · · · · · · THE COURT:· Are you calling the next ·6· · · · witness, sir, or are you standing for a reason? ·7· · · · · · · · · MR. TOWNSHEND:· Yes, I am.· I also ·8· · · · have some other matters. ·9· · · · · · · · · THE COURT:· All right.· Please go 10· · · · ahead. 11· · · · · · · · · MR. TOWNSHEND:· Yes, Your Honour. 12· · · · Regarding the voir dire for Dr. von Gernet, 13· · · · there have been some discussions between counsel 14· · · · about schedules and we have come up with the 15· · · · date of October 11th for that. 16· · · · · · · · · THE COURT:· Is that a date that we 17· · · · were otherwise going to be doing something else? 18· · · · · · · · · MR. TOWNSHEND:· Yes, that's at the end 19· · · · of Professor Herring's testimony. 20· · · · · · · · · THE COURT:· Yeah, I see that.· That's 21· · · · a good choice, and the witness is available at 22· · · · that time? 23· · · · · · · · · MR. BEGGS:· Yes, Your Honour. 24· · · · · · · · · THE COURT:· Thank you for taking the 25· · · · initiative of sorting that out, Mr. Townshend. Page 5145 ·1· · · · So I'm going to mark that for the -- it's a ·2· · · · Friday, October the 11th then. ·3· · · · · · · · · Is there anything else? ·4· · · · · · · · · MR. TOWNSHEND:· Yes, Your Honour. I ·5· · · · had mentioned about reading in of discovery ·6· · · · answers. ·7· · · · · · · · · THE COURT:· Yes. ·8· · · · · · · · · MR. TOWNSHEND:· And arising out of the ·9· · · · cross-examination of Professor Brownlie there is 10· · · · a one-sentence question and a one-sentence 11· · · · answer we wish to read in, and since it's that 12· · · · short I thought we could do that now. 13· · · · · · · · · THE COURT:· So in the entirety of the; 14· · · · Plaintiffs' case there is going to be just the 15· · · · one Q&A?· Is that -- 16· · · · · · · · · MR. TOWNSHEND:· That's all we're 17· · · · planning now.· I mean, if something else comes 18· · · · up, we may do something later.· We could do it 19· · · · with a USB if it's more than -- 20· · · · · · · · · THE COURT:· Just from the standpoint 21· · · · of an orderly record, unless you feel strongly 22· · · · that you want the fact in front of me, which is 23· · · · fine, it would be desirable to have the read-ins 24· · · · all at once.· If you think this fact is 25· · · · especially important to the Plaintiff's case, Page 5146 ·1· · · · I'll let you do it on an isolated basis, but ·2· · · · that would be an exception to the normal ·3· · · · practice. ·4· · · · · · · · · So I'll hear from you about what your ·5· · · · submission is about this particular read-in. ·6· · · · And I assume the defendants have all been put on ·7· · · · notice? ·8· · · · · · · · · MR. TOWNSHEND:· Yes.· It relates ·9· · · · directly to cross-examination of Professor 10· · · · Brownlie on a topic that came as a surprise to 11· · · · us.· That's -- 12· · · · · · · · · THE COURT:· I see.· So you'd prefer it 13· · · · to be sort of chronologically in some context? 14· · · · · · · · · MR. TOWNSHEND:· Yes. 15· · · · · · · · · THE COURT:· Yes.· Well, in a long 16· · · · trial I can understand that.· So just give me 17· · · · one moment, and I'll get the document up that I 18· · · · need to make a note of that and then we'll let 19· · · · you do that.· So just give me a moment. 20· · · · · · · · · All right.· Please go ahead.· And I 21· · · · would ask that you identify
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Toronto Has No History!’
    ‘TORONTO HAS NO HISTORY!’ INDIGENEITY, SETTLER COLONIALISM AND HISTORICAL MEMORY IN CANADA’S LARGEST CITY By Victoria Jane Freeman A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto ©Copyright by Victoria Jane Freeman 2010 ABSTRACT ‘TORONTO HAS NO HISTORY!’ ABSTRACT ‘TORONTO HAS NO HISTORY!’ INDIGENEITY, SETTLER COLONIALISM AND HISTORICAL MEMORY IN CANADA’S LARGEST CITY Doctor of Philosophy 2010 Victoria Jane Freeman Graduate Department of History University of Toronto The Indigenous past is largely absent from settler representations of the history of the city of Toronto, Canada. Nineteenth and twentieth century historical chroniclers often downplayed the historic presence of the Mississaugas and their Indigenous predecessors by drawing on doctrines of terra nullius , ignoring the significance of the Toronto Purchase, and changing the city’s foundational story from the establishment of York in 1793 to the incorporation of the City of Toronto in 1834. These chroniclers usually assumed that “real Indians” and urban life were inimical. Often their representations implied that local Indigenous peoples had no significant history and thus the region had little or no history before the arrival of Europeans. Alternatively, narratives of ethical settler indigenization positioned the Indigenous past as the uncivilized starting point in a monological European theory of historical development. i i iii In many civic discourses, the city stood in for the nation as a symbol of its future, and national history stood in for the region’s local history. The national replaced ‘the Indigenous’ in an ideological process that peaked between the 1880s and the 1930s.
    [Show full text]
  • Feasibility Study on a Potential Susquehanna Connector Trail for the John Smith Historic Trail
    Feasibility Study on a Potential Susquehanna Connector Trail for the John Smith Historic Trail Prepared for The Friends of the John Smith Chesapeake National Historic Trail November 16, 2009 Coordinated by The Bucknell University Environmental Center’sNature and Human Communities Initiative The Susquehanna Colloquium for Nature and Human Communities The Susquehanna River Heartland Coalition for Environmental Studies In partnership with Bucknell University The Eastern Delaware Nations The Haudenosaunee Confederacy The Susquehanna Greenway Partnership Pennsylvania Environmental Council Funded by the Conservation Fund/R.K. Mellon Foundation 2 Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................ 3 Recommended Susquehanna River Connecting Trail................................................................. 5 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 6 Staff ............................................................................................................................................. 6 Criteria used for Study................................................................................................................. 6 2. Description of Study Area, Team Areas, and Smith Map Analysis ...................................... 8 a. Master Map of Sites and Trails from Smith Era in Study Area........................................... 8 b. Study
    [Show full text]
  • Rouge River Rouge River
    Rouge River State of the Watershed Report Cultural Heritage Goal: Recognition, preservation, and celebration of cultural heritage in the Rouge River watershed to increase awareness and understanding of past human relationships with the environment . Cultural Heritage Key Findings: • For 10,000 years, the Rouge River Watershed has been used by humans in some way, beginning with aboriginal hunters and farmers, explorers, traders, men of God, soldiers, surveyors, and finally settlers. • Over 1,360 archaeological and heritage sites located in the Rouge River watershed and historical accounts reveal the watershed is rich in heritage value. Knowledge gained from these sites and many more potential sites can provide an appreciation of past human relationships with the environment. • Early aboriginal inhabitants were nomadic hunters and later farmers and villagers with the introduction of agriculture about AD 700. The 3 acre Milroy site, overlooking Little Rouge River, is an example of a Late Woodland Iroquoian longhouse village, and one of a dozen such sites in the watershed. • European settlement began in Markham Township in the eighteenth century with the German-speaking Berczy settlement. Settlement in other parts of the watershed was slower due to absentee owners. • By 1861 there were 54 mills on the River. • Over 22 architectural styles lend a unique identity to the 19 th century Rouge River landscape. This array of architecture has arisen due to the sophistication and complexity of its Euro-Canadian settlers. • The 2001 Canadian census showed that in the Rouge River watershed people of Canadian or British heritage make up 31% of the population, with the remainder being Chinese (21%), East Indian (9%) and over 35 other cultures.
    [Show full text]
  • The Interim Report – a Master Plan of Archaeological Resources for the City of Toronto, August 2004
    Interim Report August, 2004 A MASTER PLAN OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES FOR THE CITY OF TORONTO Prepared by Submitted to Archaeological Services Inc. Heritage Preservation Services in association with: Culture Division Cuesta Systems Inc. City of Toronto and Toronto City Hall, 2nd Floor, Suite A15 Commonwealth Historic Resources Management Limited 100 Queen Street West Golder Associates Toronto, Ontario M5H 2N2 Historica Research Limited Tel.: (416) 338-1096 Fax: (416) 392-1973 AMASTER PLAN OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES FOR THE CITY OF TORONTO INTERIM REPORT PROJECT PERSONNEL Project Directors: Mr. Peter Carruthers1,Dr. Ronald F. Williamson1 Project Historian: Ms. Mary MacDonald1 Environmental Archaeologist: Dr. Robert I. MacDonald1 Aboriginal Advisor: Dr. William Woodworth Archaeological Site Research: Ms. Beverly J. Garner1, Ms. Deborah Steiss1 Heritage Planning Research: Mr. Chris Andreae5, Dr. Hal Kalman3, Mr. Andrew Mason4, Ms. Eva MacDonald1 GIS Development and Analysis: Mr. Robert Murdoch2, Ms. Brenda Stephan2, Ms. Nancy DeHahn2 Graphics and Design: Mr. David Robertson1 1Archaeological Services Inc. 2Cuesta Systems Inc. 3Commonwealth Historic Resources Management Limited 4Golder Associates 5Historica Research Limited ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many individuals have contributed to the collection and compilation of data for this study. It is only through their cooperation and gen- erosity that this work was made possible. One public meeting was held during this phase of the study, hosted by the Toronto Chapter of the Ontario Archaeological Society. Our thanks go to Ms. Penny Young for accommodating our request to meet with the Toronto archaeo- logical community. Ms. Dena Doroszenko, Mr. David Spittal, Mr. Steve Otto, Ms. Penny Young, and Mr. Joe Muller participated in anoth- er meeting, with the entire consulting team, to discuss planning for the identification of potential for the survival of archaeological deposits in urban contexts.
    [Show full text]
  • The People of Scarborough
    ~THE SCARf>OROUGH PuBLIC LIBF{\RY I BOARP THE PEOPLE OF SCARBOROUGH Map of Scarborough ,.; .; .,; ::. .,; .,; .,; "'""- :;, -< "" -< "" "" 'ti "" "" S.teele~ Ave. V IV Finch Avenue III Sileppail.d Ave. 11 D St. REFERENCE POINTS 1. Thomson Park Z. Bluffer's Park J 3. civic Centre 4. Kennedy Subway 5. Metro Zoo Ikml 6. Guild Inn 1 mile! Map of Scarborough courtesy of Rick Schofield, Heritage Scarborough THE PEOPLE OF SCARBOROUGH The City of Scarborough Public Library Board Copyright© The City of Scarborough Public Library Board 1997 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, by photocopying, recording or otherwise for purposes of resale. Published by The City of Scarborough Public Library Board Grenville Printing 25 Scarsdale Rd. Don Mills, Ontario M3B 2R2 Raku ceramic Bicentennial Collector Plate and cover photo by Tom McMaken, 1996. Courtesy of The City of Scarborough. Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Myrvold, Barbara The People of Scarborough: a history Includes index. ISBN 0-9683086-0-0 1. Scarborough (Ont.) - History. I. Fahey, Curtis, 1951- . II Scarborough Public Library Board. III. Title. FC3099.S33M97 1997 971.3'541 C97-932612-5 F1059.5.T686S35 1997 iv Greetings from the Mayor As Mayor of the City of Scarborough, and on behalf of Members of Council, I am pleased that The People of Scarborough: A History, has been produced. This book provides a chronological overview of the many diverse peoples and cultures that have contributed to the city's economic, cultural and social fabric.
    [Show full text]
  • Captain John Smith Chesapeake National Historic Trail Connecting
    CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH CHESAPEAKE NATIONAL HISTORIC TRAIL CONNECTING TRAILS EVALUATION STUDY 410 Severn Avenue, Suite 405 Annapolis, MD 21403 CONTENTS Acknowledgments 2 Executive Summary 3 Statement of Study Findings 5 Introduction 9 Research Team Reports 10 Anacostia River 11 Chester River 15 Choptank River 19 Susquehanna River 23 Upper James River 27 Upper Nanticoke River 30 Appendix: Research Teams’ Executive Summaries and Bibliographies 34 Anacostia River 34 Chester River 37 Choptank River 40 Susquehanna River 44 Upper James River 54 Upper Nanticoke River 56 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We are truly thankful to the research and project team, led by John S. Salmon, for the months of dedicated research, mapping, and analysis that led to the production of this important study. In all, more than 35 pro- fessionals, including professors and students representing six universities, American Indian representatives, consultants, public agency representatives, and community leaders contributed to this report. Each person brought an extraordinary depth of knowledge, keen insight and a personal devotion to the project. We are especially grateful for the generous financial support that we received from the following private foundations, organizations and corporate partners: The Morris & Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation, The Clay- ton Fund, Inc., Colcom Foundation, The Conservation Fund, Lockheed Martin, the Richard King Mellon Foundation, The Merrill Foundation, the Pennsylvania Environmental Council, the Rauch Foundation, The Peter Jay Sharp Foundation, Verizon, Virginia Environmental Endowment and the Wallace Genetic Foundation. Without their support this project would simply not have been possible. Finally, we would like to extend a special thank you to the board of directors of the Chesapeake Conser- vancy, and to John Maounis, Superintendent of the National Park Service Chesapeake Bay Office, for their leadership and unwavering commitment to the Captain John Smith Chesapeake Trail.
    [Show full text]
  • National Historic Sites of Canada System Plan Will Provide Even Greater Opportunities for Canadians to Understand and Celebrate Our National Heritage
    PROUDLY BRINGING YOU CANADA AT ITS BEST National Historic Sites of Canada S YSTEM P LAN Parks Parcs Canada Canada 2 6 5 Identification of images on the front cover photo montage: 1 1. Lower Fort Garry 4 2. Inuksuk 3. Portia White 3 4. John McCrae 5. Jeanne Mance 6. Old Town Lunenburg © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, (2000) ISBN: 0-662-29189-1 Cat: R64-234/2000E Cette publication est aussi disponible en français www.parkscanada.pch.gc.ca National Historic Sites of Canada S YSTEM P LAN Foreword Canadians take great pride in the people, places and events that shape our history and identify our country. We are inspired by the bravery of our soldiers at Normandy and moved by the words of John McCrae’s "In Flanders Fields." We are amazed at the vision of Louis-Joseph Papineau and Sir Wilfrid Laurier. We are enchanted by the paintings of Emily Carr and the writings of Lucy Maud Montgomery. We look back in awe at the wisdom of Sir John A. Macdonald and Sir George-Étienne Cartier. We are moved to tears of joy by the humour of Stephen Leacock and tears of gratitude for the courage of Tecumseh. We hold in high regard the determination of Emily Murphy and Rev. Josiah Henson to overcome obstacles which stood in the way of their dreams. We give thanks for the work of the Victorian Order of Nurses and those who organ- ized the Underground Railroad. We think of those who suffered and died at Grosse Île in the dream of reaching a new home.
    [Show full text]
  • APPENDIX E Terrestrial Archaeology Stage 1 Report
    DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT APPENDIX E Terrestrial Archaeology Stage 1 Report DRAFT SCARBOROUGH WATERFRONT PROJECT – Toronto and Region Conservation ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT (STAGE 1) IN THE CITY OF TORONTO SCARBOROUGH WATERFRONT PROJECT LOTS 18 TO 27 CONCESSION B, LOTS11 TO 23 CONCESSION C, AND LOTS 3 TO 17 CONCESSION D HISTORIC SCARBOROUGH TOWNSHIP, YORK COUNTY WF-14-005 PIF P338-0101-2014 ORIGINAL REPORT JUNE 30, 2015 Archaeology Resource Management Services 5 Shoreham Drive Downsview, ON M3N 1S4 trca.on.ca/archaeology Archaeology Resource Management Services MTCS Licence Issued to: 5 Shoreham Drive Janice Teichroeb (P338) Downsview, ON M3N 1S4 (416) 661-6600 ext. 6406 trca.on.ca/archaeology [email protected] trca archaeology resource management services (stage 1) scarborough waterfront project Executive Summary A Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment was triggered by the Ontario Environmental Assessment Act for the Scarborough Waterfront Project in the City of Toronto. This Environmental Assessment (EA) is being conducted by Toronto and Region Conservation Authority (TRCA) and is aimed at creating a new waterfront park along the Lake Ontario shoreline from Bluffers Park to East Point Park in the City of Toronto. The goal is to create a destination park featuring a system of linked scenic landscapes both along the top of the bluffs and at the water’s edge integrating shoreline regeneration, public access and safety, and natural heritage. The study area is located on Lots 18 to 27 Concession B, Lots 11 to 23 Concession C, and Lots 3 to 17 Concession D in historic Scarborough Township, York County. The objectives of this study are to provide information about the property’s geography, history, previous archaeological fieldwork and current land conditions in order to evaluate the property’s potential to contain cultural heritage resources that might be impacted by the modifications proposed in the EA.
    [Show full text]
  • ROUGE NATIONAL URBAN PARK the Following Is Supplementary
    ROUGE NATIONAL URBAN PARK The following is supplementary information on the Rouge National Urban Park, a Parks Canada park, requested by the Office de Consultation Public de Montréal on May 18, 2017 from Les Amis du Parc Meadowbrook, during the presentation of its brief on the “Proposition de Développement du secteur Pierrefonds-Ouest.” In addition to the documents cited in the bibliography at the end, information in this supplement can be found on Wikipedia at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouge_National_Urban_Park and, unless otherwise noted, quotations in this document are drawn from that source. We have consulted with Parks Canada staff and they consider the Wikipedia entry to be accurate. How did the people of Toronto get Rouge turned into a National Park? Some of the nearly 7,900 hectares of wilderness, wetlands, cultural landscapes, and farmlands that have been saved and are in the process of being converted into a national park, were slated for development in the mid-1980s. The threat of losing this large ecosystem, started a movement of over 30 years of community leadership and stewardship to urge the three levels of government – municipal, provincial, and federal - to act and to create the park, which is a process that is still ongoing. What was the process that led to the park’s creation? (The) “original Rouge Park was established in 1995 by the Province of Ontario in partnership with cities of Toronto, Markham and Pickering, the regional municipalities of York and Durham and the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority. The original park consisted of approximately 40 square kilometres of parkland in Toronto, Markham and Pickering.
    [Show full text]
  • National Historic Sites and Historic Canals Across Canada 33
    National Parks, National Historic Sites and Historic Canals across Canada 33 O Canadian Patrimoine Heritage canadien Canada Canadian Heritage The Department of Canadian Heritage promotes Canada's distinctive identity and its cultural and natural heritage. The Department also contributes to our social and economic enrichment. There are four sectors in the Department: Citizenship and Canadian Identity Cultural Development and Heritage Parks Canada Corporate Services This directory was prepared by the Communications Branch, Department of Canadian Heritage, with assistance and information provided from the department's six regional offices. For information about this directory please contact: Communications Branch Parks Canada Sector (819) 994-2534 Canadian Heritage 1995 Parks Canada To protect and present our natural and cultural heritage Our national parks and national historic sites are a source of pride for all Canadians - part of our identity as a people and a country, recognized around the world as symbols of Canada. National Parks Parks Canada, as part of the Department of Canadian Heritage, administers one of the largest park systems in the world. Our first national park was created at Banff, in 1885. Today there are national parks in every province and territory - 36 so far, covering about 2 percent of the land surface of Canada. Protected for the benefit, education, and enjoyment of all Canadians, national parks showcase the range of landscapes, plants and wildlife that form our beautiful and awe-inspiring natural environment. National Historic Sites The Department recognizes the importance of commemorating Canada's history. Canada's national historic sites system comprises over 775 national historic sites. Today, Parks Canada administers 130 of these special heritage places, including seven operating historic canals.
    [Show full text]
  • North America
    RESEARCHING THE WORLD’S BEADS: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Compiled by Karlis Karklins Society of Bead Researchers Revised and Updated 1 July 2021 NORTH AMERICA This section covers the continental United States and Canada. For references published prior to 1985, see the two bibliographies prepared by Karklins and Sprague, q.v. See also the two specialized theme bibliographies and the General and Miscellaneous bibliography as they also contain reports dealing with these countries. Abel, Timothy J., James W. Bradley, and Lisa Anderson 2018 Rediscovery and Analysis of Copper Beads from Two Iroquoian Sites in Jefferson County, New York. The Bulletin: Journal of the New York State Archaeological Association; https://www.academia.edu/38042171/. XRF analysis of four copper beads – some of which were believed to be European – revealed that they are all made of native copper, confirming that there is no verifiable evidence of European trade goods among the precontact Iroquoian people of northern New York. Abel, Timothy J. and Adrian L. Burke 2014 The Protohistoric Time Period in Northwest Ohio: Perspectives from the XRF Analysis of Metallic Trade Materials. Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 39(2):179-199. Concludes that, while not precise enough to source native coppers, XRF is a cheap, nondestructive method for differentiating native copper from its European counterparts at 16th- and 17th-century Late Woodland sites. The analyzed material included beads and pendants. Adams, Jenny L. and Mark D. Elson 1995 Personal Ornaments, Pigments, Rocks, and Mineral Specimens. In The Roosevelt Community Development Study. Volume 1: Stone and Shell Artifacts, edited by Mark D. Elson and Deborah L.
    [Show full text]
  • Number 102 Spring 1991
    THE BULLETIN Number 102 Spring 1991 Contents Erie 2 William Engelbrecht The Seneca Site Sequence and Chronology: The Baby or the Bathwater? 13 Lorraine P. Saunders and Martha L. Sempowski Cayuga Archaeology: Where Do We Go From Here? 27 Mary Ann Palmer Niemczycki Mohawk 34 Dean R. Snow Oneida Archaeology: The Last Quarter Century 40 Peter P. Pratt The St. Lawrence Iroquois of Northern New York 43 Marjorie K. Pratt The St. Lawrence Iroquoians: Their Past, Present and Immediate Future 47 James F. Pendergast Preface This issue commemorates the 75th Anniversary The Bulletin with manuscripts formalizing their thoughts of the New York State Archaeological Association. on this important occasion. Because the Iroquois have been such an integral part of The following topics provided an informative NYSAA research over the years, it seemed appropriate to series of presentations on the Iroquois by a distinguished publish the papers of the Symposium on the Iroquoian panel speaking from a number of different vantage points Speaking Peoples of the Northeast held during the 73rd and moderated by Dr. Robert Funk, State Archaeologist: Annual Meeting in Norwich on Saturday April 15, 1989. The papers were organized by Dr. Richard E. Mohawk Dr. Dean R. Snow Hosbach of the Chenango Chapter in an attempt to address Oneida Dr. Peter P. Pratt the status of Iroquois research in the Northeast from the Onondaga Dr. James W. Bradley point of view of both Canadians and Americans. Cayuga Dr. Mary Ann Niemczycki Seneca Dr. Martha L. Sempowski Consequently, broad views of contemporary Iroquois Dr. Lorraine P. Saunders archaeological research were openly discussed among St.
    [Show full text]