SF 2013-14 Department of Sociology Senior Freshman

GENDER, CULTURE AND SOCIETY (10 credits)

ANTHROPOLOGY OF GENDER (5 credits) 12-week module (October-December) Dr. Barbara Bradby

INTRODUCTION

This course aims to look at the meaning of gender in different cultures. It therefore covers work both on the material division of labour, power and property between the sexes, and on how gender is understood as a symbolic system. A central question posed by feminist has been whether patriarchy, or the subordination of women, is a universal feature of social organisation. The debates over this question have gone on to raise issues of structure and agency which will be familiar from sociological debates. We pursue these questions through work on relations between men and women in diverse societies – the Australian Aborigines, the Trobriand Islanders, contemporary Morocco, the Andean peoples of Peru and Bolivia, as well as other case-studies. The course is not one where for ‘gender’ one can read ‘women’, but also looks critically at male roles across different cultures. The question arises, for instance, of whether male in non-western cultures can or should be read in the same way as such violence in our own society. Such debates have given rise to the recent concern with gender as one of a multiplicity of differences that upset the centrality of cultural difference in traditional . Anthropologists have at the same time begun to question their own methods of researching and writing as never before, to see themselves as ‘authors’ rather than ‘scientists’, and their works as texts growing out of the relationship between coloniser and colonised. The autobiography of the researcher and the influence of the researcher in the research process have become explicit topics of the ‘reflexive’ movement in ethnography. Whilst some would argue that had anticipated many of these features of the ‘postmodernist turn’, it is not clear that reflexive anthropology has reciprocated ’s interest in gender as a feature of the research process. Some recent writings by men reflecting on the role of gender and sexuality in their fieldwork, while responding in some part to this criticism, also show up the necessity for a more serious discussion of these issues in the teaching and practice of ethnography.

Books to buy:

A useful overview of many of the issues covered in this course is provided by: , Feminism and Anthropology (Polity Press, 1988) A collection of readings, many of which are listed in this handout, is: Brettell, C B. & Sargent, C. F. Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspective (Prentice Hall, 2000) Another recent collection, containing several readings from the course is: Helen Lewin, ed. Feminist Anthropology, a Reader (Blackwell Press, 2006)

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Films/dvd’s. I shall be showing a video of the Trobriand Islanders in week 2 of the course. Copies are also available in the library, at Berkeley Multimedia, LEN MUL A 1176;1. I shall also be showing some of the first series of Tribe, which was put out on BBC2 in 2005. Since then there have been two more series of Tribe, which are collected in a box set, available in the library at Berkeley Multimedia, LEN MUL A 440

Teaching on the course will be by means of two lectures and one seminar per week. The lectures will be given by Dr. Barbara Bradby. If you wish to see me about any matter to do with the course, my office hours are as follows during term time: Wednesdays 10 -11am Room 2.07, 3-4 College Green. My email address is [email protected]

The Teaching Assistant on this course is Yaqoub BouAynaya. He will be arranging and facilitating the seminars that will take place weekly for students in groups of around 20. If you wish to make an appointment to see Yaqoub BouAynaya, please contact him by email, at [email protected]

NB. No students will be allowed to sign up for presentations after the end of the 4th week of Michaelmas term, i.e Friday, October 19th. This is a strict deadline which will be adhered to. Students who do not sign up for presentations by that date with Yaqoub BouAynaya, Teaching Assistant on the course, will forfeit the 10% of the grade for the module that is allocated to the seminar presentation.

Assessment on this half of the course will be by coursework only and will involve three elements:

1) a seminar facilitation in groups of 2 or 3 students (20%) 2) a group project (80%) 3) a negative mark for incomplete seminar attendance (you forfeit 5 marks if you miss more than 3 out of 10 seminars, i.e a 57 becomes a 52, a 69 becomes a 64, and so on.)

Group project guidelines will be given out after seminar groups after the final date for registering for seminar and facilitation groups (Oct 19th).

Note: The second half of Gender, Culture and Society, entitled Subcultures and Gender, begins in January and will be assessed by examination in May-June. Students taking both halves of Gender, Culture and Society will receive an overall grade which is averaged between the mark for Anthropology of Gender (facilitation + group project) and the mark for the second half of the course (examination mark 80% + seminar facilitation mark 20% ). Visiting students (both Erasmus and International students) who take the second half of the course are expected to stay in Ireland for the whole of the examination period, and to take the exam. in order to get credit for the second half of the course.

Learning outcomes. By the end of the course, students should: 1) have an understanding of the variety of gender arrangements in different societies. 2) have a critical understanding of how theories of gender as a social arrangement differ from notions of gender as a natural attribute. 3) have an understanding of structuralist theories of the subordination or exchange of women, as well as being able to assess them critically in the light of evidence of women’s agency. 4) have thought about ways in which researchers influence the field they claim to be studying, and about researcher reflexivity in relation to gender.

2 MICHAELMAS TERM, WEEK ONE

1 and ‘the Exchange of Women’ Wednesday lecture *** Gayle Rubin, ‘The Traffic in Women’, in Rayna Reiter (ed.), Toward an Anthropology of Women (1975) ** Claude Lévi-Strauss, ‘The ’ in Harry Schapiro (ed.) Man, Cultue and Society (1971) ** Claude Lévi-Strauss, The Elementary Structures of Kinship (1967) * Marcel Mauss, The Gift

2 Workshop on kinship Friday workshop In this session, you will learn to read kinship diagrams, and to construct your own simple diagram. This is a helpful tool to understanding anthropological books and articles. We will reflect on our own family structures and on ways in which they may be changing. We may also look at examples of ‘famous’ , or families as we ‘know’ them through popular culture such as soap operas. Reading for this session *** Linda Stone, Kinship and Gender, An Introduction, Ch.1. (Westview Press, 1997) ** Micaela Di Leonardo, “The Female World of Cards and Holidays: Women, Families, and the Work of Kinship.” In Gender in cross-cultural perspective, edited by Caroline B. Brettell and Carolyn F. Sargent. (2001)

MICHAELMAS TERM, WEEK TWO

3 Aboriginal Systems Wednesday lecture *** , ‘Desert Politics: Choices in the Marriage Market’, in M. Etienne and E. Leacock (eds.), Women and Colonization: Anthropological Perspectives (1980) ** Diane Bell, Daughters of the Dreaming (1993) ** C. Hart and A. Pilling, The Tiwi of North Australia (1960) ** Phyllis Kaberry, Aboriginal Women: Sacred and Profane (1939) * E. Hiatt, ‘Gidjingali marriage arrangements’, in R.Lee and I. de Vore, (eds.), Man the Hunter (1968)

Further reading on Australian anthropology (available online): The following article reports on recent research among the of Warrabri, with whom Diane Bell worked in the 1970s/80s: * Yasmine Musharbash, ‘Marriage, Love Magic, and Adultery: Warlpiri Relationships as Seen by Three Generations of Anthropologists’, Oceania, 80, Nov 2010, available through TCD library electronic journals: http://web.ebscohost.com.elib.tcd.ie/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=ef0f035c-1f1c-40a8- 98b7-5d3020aeaabc%40sessionmgr12&vid=4&hid=24

The following is an excellent introduction to work on Australian aboriginal kinship, and contains a clear explanation of what ‘’ means: * Laurent Dusset. 2002. ‘Introduction to Australian Indigenous Social Organisation: transforming concepts’, http://www.ausanthrop.net/research/kinship/kinship2.php

4 Video Session: Women of the Trobriand Islands Friday video ‘The Trobriand Islanders of Papua New Guinea’ [videorecording] / director, David Wason ; , Anette Weiner (DVD/Video) London: Royal Anthropological Institute, 1990.

3 This video was made by Annette Weiner, one of the principal authors on the people of the Trobriand Islands in Melanesia. (see reading list for Week 3}. The Trobriand Islanders have held a special fascination for anthropologists, owing to Bronislaw Malinowski’s colourful descriptions of their way of life nearly a century ago in a series of works including Coral Gardens and their Magic, and Argonauts of the Western Pacific. NB. Please jot down some quick thoughts after seeing the video, to prepare for the class discussion in Week 3.

MICHAELMAS TERM, WEEK THREE

5/6 Gender, Kinship and Exchange Wednesday and Friday, workshop/lecture In this session, we will first discuss in groups what we learned from the video shown in Week 4, and have a brief whole-class discussion. The lecture material will be continued in the Friday session.

*** Annette Weiner, Women of Value, Men of Renown (1976) ** B. Malinowski, Argonauts of the Western Pacific (1922) * A. Weiner, ‘Stability in Banana Leaves’, in M. Etienne and E. Leacock (eds.), Women and Colonization (1980)

MICHAELMAS TERM, WEEK FOUR

7 Matriarchy, Gender Parallellism and Colonialism Wednesday lecture *** I. Silverblatt, Moon, Sun and Witches: Gender Ideologies and Class in Inca and Colonial Peru (1987) ** B.Bradby, ‘The female Incas of Ishua: gender and the representation of the pre-colonial past in present-day Andean ritual’ (paper on reserve, English version of paper published in Spanish) ** Joan Bamberger, ‘The Myth of Matriarchy’, in M.Rosaldo and L.Lamphere (eds.), Women, Culture and Society (1974) * M. Etienne and E. Leacock (eds.), Women and Colonization: Anthropological Perspectives (1980)

8 The female Incas Friday slide-show and music In this session I will present my own slides and recordings from the village of Ishua, in Ayacucho Department in the Peruvian Andes. The slides are of a series of annual fiestas and ceremonies that take place in honour of the Virgin of Cocharcas, and which ensure the arrival of the rains during the maize-planting season. ‘The Incas’ are a group of costumed singer/dancers who represent the Incas on the central Day of the Virgin, and, surprisingly, they are women. For reading, see the article by B. Bradby under lecture 7.

MICHAELMAS TERM, WEEK FIVE

9 Gender and Property Wednesday lecture *** Ann Whitehead, ‘Men and Women, Kinship and Property: Some General Issues’, ** Ursula Sharma, ‘ in North India: Its Consequences for Women’, * Lisa Croll, ‘The Exchange of Women and Property: Marriage in Post-Revolutionary China’, * , ‘Subject or Object?: Women and the Circulation of Valuables in Highlands New Guinea’, all these articles are in: Renee Hirschon, (ed.) Women and Property: Women as Property (1984)

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10 The Domestic and the Public: Gender, space and representation Friday lecture *** Lamphere, Louise. ‘The Domestic Sphere of Women and the Public World of Men: The strengths and limitations of an anthropological dichotomy’, in Brettell, C B. & Sargent, C. F. Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspective (2000) ** Reiter, Rayna. ‘Men and Women in the South of Fance: public and private domains’ in Towards an Anthropology of Women ** S. Rodgers, ‘Women’s Space in a Men’s House: the British House of Commons’, in S. Ardener (ed.). 1981. Women and Space. * Murcott, Anne, ‘ “It’s a Pleasure to Cook for Him”: food, mealtimes and gender in some South Wales households’, in Brettell, C B. & Sargent, C. F. Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspective (2000) * Judith Brown, ‘Iroquois women, an ethnohistorical note’ in Reiter, ed. Towards an Anthropology of Women) * Henrietta Moore, Feminism and Anthropology, Ch. 3 * Gardner, Helen, Gardner’s Art through the Ages; non-western perspectives (2010) * Freitage, Barbara, Sheela-na-gigs: Unravelling an enigma (2004)

MICHAELMAS TERM, WEEK SIX

11 Nature, Culture and Gender Wednesday lecture *** Sherry Ortner, ‘Is Female to Male as Nature is to Culture?’, in M. Rosaldo and L. Lamphere (eds.), Woman, Culture and Society (1974) ** Carol MacCormack, ‘Nature, Culture and Gender: a critique’, in C. MacCormack and M. Strathern (eds.), Nature, Culture and Gender (1980) ** Jane Goodale, ‘A Kaulong view of nature and culture’, in C. MacCormack and M. Strathern (eds.), Nature, Culture and Gender ** Olivia Harris, ‘The Power of Signs: Gender, Culture and the Wild in the Bolivian Andes’, in C. MacCormack and M. Strathern (eds.), Nature, Culture and Gender * Edwin Ardener, ‘Belief and the Problem of Women’ and ‘The Problem Revisited’ in Shirley Ardener (ed.), Perceiving Women (1975) * Cordelia Fine, Delusions of Gender: the Real Science behind Sex Differences (2010) * Raewyn Connell: Gender (Polity Short Introductions, 2009)

12 Video session: men in tribal societies Friday video In this and other sessions, extracts will be shown from the first series of Tribe, broadcast on BBC2 in 2005. These will include scenes of ‘Men’s houses’ in New Guinea and in Gabon, the spectacle of the ‘stick fight’ among the Suri of Southern Sudan, and men’s initiation via hallucinogenic drug-taking among the Mibongo of Gabon. Despite the violence of many of these men’s activities, the British visitor to these tribes (the narrator of the programmes) continually stresses the love he receives from the peoples whom he stays with, and the insights he gains into himself and into society. A predominant narrative in this series emphasises the heroism of the visiting outsider and bonding through masculinity, but there is also a (conflicting) narrative of humbling of the western visitor in the face of the physical, psychological and social skills of so-called ‘primitive’ peoples. NB. Please jot down your thoughts after seeing these videos, to prepare for class discussion after the break. Reading on the Tribe series Pat Kaplan, ‘In Search of the Exotic: a discussion of the BBC2 series Tribe’, Anthropology Today, Vol. 21, Issue 2, April 2005, pp. 3-7, available online at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0268-540X.2005.00338.x/abstract

5 *******READING WEEK (WEEK SEVEN)*******

MICHAELMAS TERM, WEEK EIGHT

13 Problematising Men in Anthropology Wednesday lecture *** David Gilmore, 1990. Manhood in the Making, (book in which ‘The Manhood Puzzle’ first appeared) ** Barry Hewlett, ‘The Cultural Nexus of Aka Fatherhoood’ in Brettell and Sargent, Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspective See also: Barry Hewlett, 1991. Intimate Fathers: the nature and context of Aka Pygmy paternal infant care * Thomas Gregor and Donald Tuzin, ‘The Anguish of Gender: men’s cults and moral contradiction in Amazonia and Melanesia’ in ed. Thomas Gregor, Gender in Amazonia and Melanesia (2001) * , ‘Male Initiation in Papua New Guinea’, In Brettell, C B. & Sargent, C. F. Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspective (2000) * Andrea Cornwall and Nancy Lindisfarne, Dislocating Masculinity: Comparative Ethnographies (1994) especially the following: Introduction by the authors, Angie Hart, ‘Missing masculinity? Prostitutes’ clients in Alicante, Spain’, Peter Loizos, ‘A broken mirror: masculine sexuality in Greek ethnography’. * Renato Rosaldo, ‘Grief and a Headhunter’s Rage’, Introduction to Culture and Truth: the remaking of social analysis (1989) * Nicholas W. Townsend, ‘Fatherhood and the Mediating Role of Women’, in Brettell, C B. & Sargent, C. F. Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspective (2000)

14 Violence and Gender Relations Friday lecture *** Diane Bell, ‘Intra-racial Rape Revisited: on forging a feminist future beyond factions and frightening politics’, Women’s Studies International Forum, Vol. 14, No.5 (1991) ** Laura Zimmer-Tamakosh, ‘Wild Pigs and Dog Men’: Rape and Domestic Violence as Women’s Issues in Papua New Guinea, in Brettell, C B. & Sargent, C. F. Gender in Cross- Cultural Perspective (2000) * Suzette Heald, Controlling Anger: the Sociology of Gisu Violence (1989) see also: ** P. Harvey, ‘Domestic Violence in the Peruvian Andes’, ** O.Harris, ‘Condor and Bull: the Ambiguities of Masculinity in Northern Potosi’, * C.McCallum, ‘Ritual and the origins of sexuality in the Alto Xingu’, all the above are in: Penelope Harvey and Peter Gow, Sex and Violence: Issues in Representation and Experience (1994)

MICHAELMAS TERM, WEEK NINE

15 Gender Dynamics in Moslem Societies Wednesday lecture *** Fatima Mernissi, Beyond the Veil: male-female dynamics in modern Muslim society (1975, revised editions 1987 and 2003) ** Vanessa Maher, Women and Property in Morocco (1974, reissued 2008) * Denis Kandiyoti, ‘The paradoxes of masculinity: Some thoughts on segregated societies’, in A. Cornwall and N. Lindisfarne, Dislocated Masculinity: Comparative Ethnographies (1994) * Fadwa El Guindi, Veil: Modesty, Privacy and Resistance (1999) * Marjo Buitelar, ‘Public Baths as Private Spaces’, in Katin Ask and Marit Thosmaldn, Women and Islamization (1998)

6 * S. Wright, ‘Place and Face: of Women in Doshman Ziari, Iran’, in S. Ardener (ed.), Women and Space (1981)

16 Gender and representation in Islam: folktales, art and dress Friday lecture *** Daisy Dwyer, Images and Self-Images: male and female in Morocco (1978) ** Fatima Mernissi, Scheherazade Goes West: different cultures, different harems (2001) * Emma Tarlo, Visibly Muslim: Bodies of Faith (2010) * Lama Abu Odeh, ‘Post-colonial Feminism and the Veil: thinking the difference’, Feminist Review, No.43 (Spring 1993)

MICHAELMAS TERM, WEEK TEN

17 Anthropology and Autobiography Wednesday lecture *** Ifi Amadiume, ‘The Mouth that Spoke a Falsehood will Later Speak a Truth: going home to the field in Eastern Nigeria’, in Diane Bell, Pat Caplan and Wazir Jahan Karim, (eds.), Gendered Fields: Women, Men and Ethnography (1993) ** Renato Rosaldo, ‘Grief and a Headhunter’s Rage’, Introduction to Culture and Truth: the remaking of social analysis (1989), also Chapter 1 – 3 of same. ** Martha Macintyre, ‘ or Mistaken Identity? fieldwork on Tubetube Island, Papua New Guinea’, in Gendered Fields (see above) ** Catherine Allen, The Hold Life Has: Coca and Cultural Idenitity in an Andean Community, (1988) Introduction and Epilogue * Judith Okely and Helen Callaway, (eds.), Anthropology and Autobiography (1992)

18 Gender and Sexuality in the Field Friday lecture *** Wazir Jahan Karim, ‘With moyang melur in Carey Island: more endangered, more engendered’, ** Peter Wade, ‘Sexuality and Field work among Colombian blacks’, ** Joke Schrijvers, ‘Motherhood Experienced and Conceptualised: changing images in Sri Lanka and the Netherlands’, * Allen Abramson, ‘Between Autobiography and Method: being male, seeing myth and the analysis of structures of gender and sexuality in the eastern interior of Fiji’, all these articles are in: Diane Bell, Pat Caplan and Wazir Jahan Karim, (eds.), Gendered Fields: Women, Men and Ethnography (1993)

MICHAELMAS TERM, WEEK ELEVEN

19/20 Gender, knowledge and the body: the case of childbirth Wednesday and Friday lectures/video *** Robbie Davis-Floyd, ‘Giving Birth the American Way’, in Brettell, C. B. & Sargent, C. F. Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspective (2000) ** Barbara Bradby, ‘ “Will I return or not?”: migrant women in Bolivia negotiate hospital birth’, Women’s Studies International Forum, Vol. 22, No. 3 (1999) ** Barbara Bradby, ‘Like a Video: the sexualisation of childbirth in Bolivia’, Reproductive Health Matters, Vol.6, No.12. (1998) ** Barbara Bradby, ‘Between denial and by-passing: accounts of exclusion and incorporation of traditional midwives by official health systems’, paper delivered to EC Workshop on Reproductive Health Research, Ghent, January 2001 * Robbie Davis-Floyd, Birth as an American Rite of Passage (1992) * Marjorie Tew, Safer Childbirth? A critical history of maternity care (1998)

7 • Rasch, V. ‘Maternal Death and the Millenium Development Goals’, Danish Medical Bulletin, 54,2 (2007) pp. 167-9 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17521538

Video of a birth in La Paz will be shown in lecture 20

MICHAELMAS TERM, WEEK TWELVE

21 Dislocating Gender and Sexuality *** Evelyn Blackwood, Tombois in West Sumatra: Constructing Masculinity and Erotic Desire’ ** Gloria Wekker, ‘”What’s Identity got to do with it?”: Rethinking Identity in Light of the Mati Work in Suriname’ Both the above are in: Ellen Lewin, (ed.) Feminist Anthropology: a Reader (2006) * Andrea Cornwall, ‘Gender identities and gender ambiguity among travesties in Salvador, Brazil’, in A. Cornwall and N. Lindisfarne (eds.) Dislocating Masculinity: Comparative Ethnographies (1994) * Gilbert Herdt (ed.), Third Sex, : Beyond Sexual Dimorphism in Culture and History (1995)

22 Conclusions session In the final session we will draw some conclusions from the course, and talk about ideas that have emerged from the seminars and in the preparation of group projects so far.

Barbara Bradby Department of Sociology September 19, 2013 Trinity College, Dublin

8 SF 2013-14 Department of Sociology Senior Freshman

ANTHROPOLOGY OF GENDER - MICHAELMAS TERM

SEMINARS YAQOUB BOUAYNAYA

Yaqoub BouAynaya, Teaching Assistant on the course, will give an introduction to the series during the first lecture hour, but seminars will start in Week 2.

Note on seminar readings: We have chosen readings for the seminars that are well-focussed on one topic for the week. However, please note that it is also important to relate these readings to the lecture readings and to broader reading on the topic.

NB. Your seminar facilitation counts for 20% of your overall mark for this module. The criteria for assessment are: 1. the formulation of questions and debates 2. facilitation of class discussion 3. teamwork in the organisation of the hour. Rather than a ‘presentation’, which many find stressful, think of this as a ‘facilitation’ of talk by others and a chance to interact with the class. You will enjoy it much more! The assessment will be strictly in relation to the criteria set out above, and will not reward ‘mini-lectures’ or Powerpoint presentations, however good they are.

Week Two Subjects or Objects? The ‘exchange of women’ seminar groups *** Gayle Rubin, ‘The Traffic in Women’, in Rayna Reiter (ed.), Toward an Anthropology of Women (1975) ** Ann Whitehead, ‘Men and Women, Kinship and Property: Some General Issues’

Week Three The Position of Women in Aboriginal Society seminar groups *** E. Rohrich-Leavitt, et al., ‘Aboriginal Women: Male and Female Anthropological Perspectives’, in R. Reiter (ed.), Toward an Anthropology of Women (1975) ** Catherine Berndt, ‘Interpretations and "Facts" in Aboriginal Australia’, in Frances Dahlberg (ed.), Woman the Gatherer (1981)

Week Four Gender and Exchange in the Trobriand Islands seminar groups *** Annette Weiner, Women of Value, Men of Renown (1976) Ch.10, ‘An Epilog’ pp.237-36 ** B. Malinowski, Argonauts of the Western Pacific (1922) Ch. III, ‘The Essentials of the Kula’, pp. 81-104

Week Five Gender Complementarity in the Andes seminar groups *** Olivia Harris, ‘Complementarity and Conflict: an Andean View of Women and Men’, in J. LaFontaine (ed.) , Sex and Age as Principles of Social Differentiation (1978) ** Andrew Canessa, ‘Chachawarmi: negotiating gender (in)equality in a Bolivian Aymara village’ (paper on reserve, English version of paper published in Spanish)

Week Six The Gendering of Space seminar groups

9 NB. For this session, you are asked to observe the gendering of space and of food preparation in your own home, and prepare something to say in class on this that either supports or challenges the descriptions put forward in the readings. *** Silvia Rodgers, ‘Women’s Space in a Men’s House: the British House of Commons’, in Shirley Ardener (ed.). 1981. Women and Space.. ** Murcott, Anne, ‘“It’s a Pleasure to Cook for Him”: food, mealtimes and gender in some South Wales households’, in Brettell, C B. & Sargent, C. F. Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspective (2000)

*******READING WEEK (WEEK SEVEN)*******

Week Eight The Manhood Puzzle seminar groups *** David D. Gilmore, ‘The Manhood Puzzle’, in Brettell, C B. & Sargent, C. F. Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspective (2000) ** Suzette Heald, Controlling Anger: the Sociology of Gisu Violence (1989), Ch. 3, ‘On being a man: the nature of Gisu experience’, pp. 57-78r

Week Nine Islam, gender and clothing seminar groups NB. For this session, you are asked to observe ways in which men and women in contemporary Ireland change their clothing according to social context, e.g. going into college, going out in the evening, sports activities, going to mass or other religious ritual, etc. *** Emma Tarlo, Visibly Muslim: Bodies of Faith (2010) Chs. 2 and 8 ** Fadwa El Guindi, Veil: Modesty, Privacy and Resistance (1999) Ch. 6

Week Ten Autobiography and Gender seminar groups *** Ifi Amadiume, ‘The Mouth that Spoke a Falsehood will Later Speak a Truth: going home to the field in Eastern Nigeria’, in Diane Bell, Pat Caplan and Wazir Jahan Karim, (eds.), Gendered Fields: Women, Men and Ethnography (1993) ** Renato Rosaldo, ‘Grief and a Headhunter’s Rage’, Introduction to Culture and Truth: the remaking of social analysis (1989), also Chapter 1 – 3 of same

Week Eleven Gender and Sexuality in the Field *** Peter Wade, ‘Sexuality and Field work among Colombian blacks’, ** Wazir Jahan Karim, ‘With moyang melur in Carey Island: more endangered, more engendered’, Both of the above articles are in: Diane Bell, Pat Caplan and Wazir Jahan Karim, (eds.), Gendered Fields: Women, Men and Ethnography (1993)

Week Twelve Gender, knowledge and the Body: the case of childbirth *** Robbie Davis-Floyd, ‘Giving Birth the American Way’, in Brettell, C. B. & Sargent, C. F. Gender in Cross-Cultural Perspective (2000) ** Barbara Bradby, ‘ “Will I return or not?”: migrant women in Bolivia negotiate hospital birth’, Women’s Studies International Forum, Vol. 22, No. 3 (1999)

Barbara Bradby and Yaqoub BouAynaya September 2013

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