DOCSLIB.ORG

Remote Sensing of Great Kiva Depressions at Cedar Mesa, Utah Report on Hampton Funded Research

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Remote Sensing of Great Kiva Depressions at Cedar Mesa, Utah Report on Hampton Funded Research Remote Sensing of Great Kiva Depressions at Cedar Mesa, Utah Report on Hampton Funded Research R.G. Matson UBC William D. Lipe Washington State University Periodic gatherings and recognized places of veneration help integrate residentially dispersed populations, such as those occupying Cedar Mesa. They contribute to the construction of a cultural landscape reflecting shared traditions. In the US Southwest, Great Kivas are perhaps the largest such integrative structures. In May, 2012, we used auger testing and geophysical prospecting to investigate four possible Great Kivas. Previously three possible Great Kivas were mapped and surface collected. As part of this 2012 project a fourth was also mapped and collected. In addition we mapped a defensive/plaza site and a large shrine site. The research was primarily supported by a grant from the Hampton Fund at U.B.C. with secondary support from the National Trust for Historic Preservation (USA). Sampling surveys in the 1970s (Fig. 1) had identified numerous small dispersed habitation and limited activity sites dating to AD 1060-1270 (late Pueblo II [P II] and Pueblo III [P III]) in central Cedar Mesa (Lipe and Matson, 1971, 2007; Lipe et al. 2012; Matson and Lipe 1975, 1978; Matson et al. 1988, 1990). Community centre sites (large sites with public architecture) were not found in that survey of some 800 km2 and approximately 500 sites. Shrines were first recognized by archaeologists in the northern Rio Grande area in New Mexico and not generally recognized in regions north of the San Juan River in Colorado and Utah (which includes the Cedar Mesa area) until the 1990s. In years subsequent to our 1970s survey, both community centers and places of veneration (shrines) were identified by others on Cedar Mesa (Hurst and Till 2009; Severance 1999, 2008). Two such possible “Chaco Outliers” community centres were the subject of our SSHRC funded investigations in 2009 (Matson and Lipe 2011; Lipe et al. 2012). These two, the Et Al and Owen sites, were mapped and collected then. Also the possible isolated Great Kiva HST site, (Fig. 2) located during our pre-field reconnaissance in 2008, was mapped. The HST site also had a sample of surface ceramic sherds analyzed via a “pick-up and put-down” non-collection procedure (Lipe et al. 2012). As part of our 2008 reconnaissance we re-visited a 1970s collected site, B12-1(42Sa4146) and recognized that what had heretofore been an anomalous feature was clearly a shrine which was intervisible with the Et Al site. Our May 2012 fieldwork focused on some of these sites. In addition to the Late Pueblo II (AD 1060- 1140) HST site (Fig. 2) we recognized that there was another site (not part of the 1970s investigations, but known to us then) in the Todie drainage (Fig. 3) that was similar to HST. It also showed a large depression without much evidence of surface architecture (although more than at the HST site), indicating that it was also a possible isolated Great Kiva. HST also has an associated prehistoric road trace, a feature not present at the Todie site. The Todie site was also mapped and collected in May 2012. Great Kivas? The main effort of the 2012 investigations was to get information on the nature of the four large depressions (at the Et Al, Owen, HST and Todie sites). We used two broad approaches, the use of 7cm augers to produce “drill logs” and remote sensing. Preliminary results of the remote sensing component, including a Hampton Report, Dec. 24, 2013 –1 combination of electromagnetic (EM) conductivity and ground penetrating radar (GPR) have been reported separately (Cross 2012). In addition to physical investigations at Cedar Mesa sites, results of previous GPR reconnaisssance of a comparable feature at a nearby Comb Wash site (Osburn 2005) were reproduced for calibration. As it stands, we are continuing to assess the correlation between geophysical and augering results with an aim to more fully understand related archaeological implications. Findings presented here are based largely on the interpretation of auger tests. We begin with our investigation of the two possible isolated Great Kivas, the HST and Todie sites. The ceramics analyzed from the 2009 work showed that the occupation of the HST site was in the expected “Chacoan times” (AD 1060-1140) when both Chaco outliers and Great Kivas are found over much of the northern Southwest, but the ceramics were of the “Kayenta” tradition which has never before been associated with Great Kivas (Matson and Lipe 2011). Thus it would be surprising if this was the location of a Great Kiva. Although the Todie site was not collected or analyzed in the 1970s we did visit it a number of times then and later (Matson in his investigations in 1991 and 1992, for example [Matson 1994]) and saw it as a “good” P II “Prudden Unit”. A Prudden Unit site is a group of surface rooms (circa 4-12) associated with a kiva (not a “Great Kiva”), and usually interpreted as an extended family residence. In later Pueblo III sites, these surface rooms are often masonry, but on Cedar Mesa in P II times these surface rooms are almost always “jacal” or wattle and daub, with perhaps sandstone slabs along the ground at the bottom of the jacal walls. Thus the presence (or absence) of the surface rooms is not always easy to determine by surface 1015 8.5 9.5 1010 9 10 9.5 rubble R1 1000 Datum 1 A Road 425a 28202 8 2 5 10 10 4 9.6 3 10 7 EM1 990 9 rubble rubble 6 R3 R2 TR1 TR2 Artifact DL2 Scatter 4 m radius 980 Grid North True 10.5 North DL1 2 m radius 10 0510 m 90 100 110 120 130 H.S.T. Site Site Datum Artifact Scatter 425a 28201 Arbitrary 10 m height Auger Hole map by J. Morin, R. Dickie, TR GPR Transect J. Clark, N. Fast, S. Matson EM Electrical Resistivity Transect Maximum extent of kiva Minimum extent of kiva Figure 2. HST site contour map. Hampton Report, Dec. 24, 2013 –3 540 96.8 97.2 97.4 97 97.8 97.6 Todie Flat Site 99 Feature 3 98 42Sa30148 530 97.6 J.Clark, N.Fast, S.Matson 99.2 99.6 98.2 99.4 Datum, at arbitrary 97.8 98.4 100meters elevation 98 98.8 Feature 6 Auger Hole 98.2 99.6 520 DL Dog Leash 98.4 GPR1 GPR2 98.6 Feature 9 Wall Feature 4 98.8 99 Depression Feature 1 6 4 510 3 99.2 Midden 8 1 99.8 99.4 Rubble 99.6 5 2 DL5 7 99.8 100 Feature 10 Maximum extent of 99.8 Feature 2 DL3 kiva, 7.0 m diameter 500 Feature 7 Datum A DL2 Minimum extent of 100.4 DL6 97.4 kiva, 4.5 m diameter Datum B 100.2 DL4 Main contour at DL1 DL7 97.6 1 meter interval 10 Feature 5 490 Feature 8 Intermediate contours 9 at 0.2 meter interval 97.8 99.8 True 100 480 98 North 99.6 99.6 99 98.8 Feature 11 99.4 98.4 0 5 10 meters 99.2 meters 98.2 470 450meters 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 Figure 3. Contour map of the Todie Kiva site inspection. Although the ceramics collected from the Todie site in 2012 are undergoing analysis now, preliminary inspection shows they include many of the expected Late P II (circa 1100) “Mesa Verde” tradition sherds (Blinman 2009) rather than the Kayenta ceramics found on the HST site. We had reason to doubt that the depressions on these two sites were Great Kivas even though the surface depressions appeared to be of the proper “Great Kiva” size (Fig. 2 & 3). Radar velocity varies with soil composition, texture and moisture content. Note: Approximate depth scale based on Indicated depth scale is provided for approximate reference only. estimated radar velocity v = 0.15 m/ns. Fundamental reference is two-way transit time in nanoseconds (ns). Figure 4. Ground Penetrating Radar results at the Todie Kiva site. Hampton Report, Dec. 24, 2013 –4 The Todie site provided some of the best correlations between auger and remote sensing. As Fig. 3 shows the augering demonstrated the presence of a kiva with a minimum diameter size of 4.5m and a maximum of 7m, a large kiva, but clearly not a Great Kiva. The GPR of transect 1 is in close agreement with the auger results, but the agreement is not as good in transect 2 (Fig. 4). This kiva had a floor (with abundant burned roof fall immediately above it) approximately 170cm below the current surface, or 190cm below the surface if the current depression is subtracted. Also found during the mapping of the Todie site is the very small Prudden unit noted as Features 7 & 8 in Fig. 3. The small depression immediately to the south of the small row of masonry rooms (Feature 7) was tested by auger and found to be a kiva probably only about 2m in diameter with a floor 85-90cm below the surface. The HST site also produced good results with the augering, but neither of the remote sensing techniques produced results that were clearly correlated. It can only be said that the EM-38 “Apparent Conductivity” technique was not in disagreement with the augering (Fig. 2, 5). The augering shows a minimum kiva diameter of 4.5m and a maximum of 7m. The floor of the kiva was between 165 and 185cm below the current surface and 195-225cm if the current depression is subtracted.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • FEATURE TYPES Revised 2/2001 Alcove
    THE CROW CANYON ARCHAEOLOGICAL CENTER FEATURE TYPES Revised 2/2001 alcove. A small auxiliary chamber in a wall, usually found in pit structures; they often adjoin the east wall of the main chamber and are substantially larger than apertures and niches. aperture. A generic term for a wall opening that cannot be defined more specifically. architectural petroglyph (not on bedrock). A petroglyph in a standing masonry wall.A piece of wall fall with a petroglyph on it should be sent in as an artifact if size permits. ashpit. A pit used primarily as a receptacle for ash removed from a hearth or firepit. In a pit structure, the ash pit is commonly oval or rectangular and is located south of the hearth or firepit. bedrock feature. A feature constructed into bedrock that does not fit any of the other feature types listed here. bell-shaped cist. A large pit whose greatest diameter is substantially larger than the diameter of its opening.A storage function is implied, but the feature may not contain any stored materials, in which case the shape of the pit is sufficient for assigning this feature type. bench surface. The surface of a wide ledge in a pit structure or kiva that usually extends around at least three-fourths of the circumference of the structure and is often divided by pilasters.The southern recess surface is also considered a bench surface segment; each bench surface segment must be recorded as a separate feature. bin: not further specified. An above-ground compartment formed by walling off a portion of a structure or courtyard other than a corner.
    [Show full text]
  • The Origin of Comb Ridge
    THE ZEPHYR/ JUNE-JULY 2011 THE ORIGIN OF COMB RIDGE Robert Fillmore, Western State College of Colorado in Gunnison, CO (An excerpt and images from his new book: Geological Evolution of the Colorado Plateau) Comb Ridge is a lofty sinuous spine of red sandstone that stretch- ramp of Comb Ridge. Another notable result of this uplift is the es over 80 miles across northern Arizona and southeast Utah. This ensuing deep incision into the uplift by energized rivers as their monocline, as these structures are called, begins near Kayenta and runoff seeks a path to lower elevations. The deep narrow canyons snakes northward to fade away near the west flank of the Abajo of Cedar Mesa owe their existence to Monument Upwarp. Mountains. Monoclines are a peculiar component of the Colorado Plateau, with their long ridges of steeply tilted strata in a region otherwise known for its miles of flat-lying sedimentary rocks. They Monoclines are a peculiar component are hard to miss. Although not confined to the Colorado Plateau, of the Colorado Plateau, with their long ridges their concentration here is unique. Similar structures make up the of steeply tilted strata in a region San Rafael Swell, Capitol reef, and Colorado National monument otherwise known for its miles of near Grand Junction. All are closely related in origin and timing. flat-lying sedimentary rocks. They are hard to miss. The term monocline refers to a single-limbed fold; in simple geometric terms, a gargantuan ramp. The ramp of steeply tilted strata separates uplifted regions from those that have dropped The monoclines formed at the same time as the jagged Rocky downwards, relatively speaking.
    [Show full text]
  • Museum of New Mexico
    MUSEUM OF NEW MEXICO OFFICE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDIES ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE MOGOLLON HIGHLANDS: SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS AND ADAPTATIONS edited by Yvonne R. Oakes and Dorothy A. Zamora VOLUME 6. SYNTHESIS AND CONCLUSIONS Yvonne R. Oakes Submitted by Timothy D. Maxwell Principal Investigator ARCHAEOLOGY NOTES 232 SANTA FE 1999 NEW MEXICO TABLE OF CONTENTS Figures............................................................................iii Tables............................................................................. iv VOLUME 6. SYNTHESIS AND CONCLUSIONS ARCHITECTURAL VARIATION IN MOGOLLON STRUCTURES .......................... 1 Structural Variation through Time ................................................ 1 Communal Structures......................................................... 19 CHANGING SETTLEMENT PATTERNS IN THE MOGOLLON HIGHLANDS ................ 27 Research Orientation .......................................................... 27 Methodology ................................................................ 27 Examination of Settlement Patterns .............................................. 29 Population Movements ........................................................ 35 Conclusions................................................................. 41 REGIONAL ABANDONMENT PROCESSES IN THE MOGOLLON HIGHLANDS ............ 43 Background for Studying Abandonment Processes .................................. 43 Causes of Regional Abandonment ............................................... 44 Abandonment Patterns in the Mogollon Highlands
    [Show full text]
  • Pueblo III Towers in the Northern San Juan. Kiva 75(3)
    CONNECTING WORLDS: PUEBLO III TOWERS IN THE NORTHERN SAN JUAN Ruth M. Van Dyke and Anthony G. King ABSTRACT The towers of the northern San Juan, including those on Mesa Verde, Hovenweep, and Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, were constructed on mesa tops, in cliff dwellings, along canyon rims, and in canyon bottoms during the Pueblo III period (A.D. 1150–1300)—a time of social and environmental upheaval. Archaeologists have interpreted the towers as defensive strongholds, lookouts, sig- naling stations, astronomical observatories, storehouses, and ceremonial facilities. Explanations that relate to towers’ visibility are most convincing. As highly visible, public buildings, towers had abstract, symbolic meanings as well as concrete, func- tional uses. We ask not just, “What were towers for?” but “What did towers mean?” One possibility is that towers were meant to encourage social cohesiveness by invoking an imagined, shared Chacoan past. The towers reference some of the same ideas found in Chacoan monumental buildings, including McElmo-style masonry, the concept of verticality, and intervisibility with iconic landforms. Another possibility is that towers symbolized a conduit out of the social and envi- ronmental turmoil of the Pueblo III period and into a higher level of the layered universe. We base this interpretation on two lines of evidence. Pueblo oral tradi- tions provide precedent for climbing upwards to higher layers of the world to escape hard times. Towers are always associated with kivas, water, subterranean concavities, or earlier sites—all places that, in Pueblo cosmologies, open to the world below our current plane. RESUMEN Las torres del norte del San Juan, inclusive ésos en Mesa Verde, en Hovenweep, y en el monumento nacional de Canyons of the Ancients, fueron construidos en cimas de mesa, en casas en acantilado, por los bordes de cañones, y en fondos de cañones durante Pueblo III (dC.
    [Show full text]
  • How Great Were Cedar Mesa Great House Communities, A.D
    HOW GREAT WERE CEDAR MESA GREAT HOUSE COMMUNITIES, A.D. 1060-1270? By NATALIE ROCHELLE FAST A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN ANTHROPOLOGY WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY Department of Anthropology MAY 2012 To the Facultyof WashingtonState University: The membersof the Committeeappointed to examinethe thesisof NATALIE ROCHELLE FAST flnd it satisfactoryand recommendthat it be accepted. WilliamD. Lipe,Ph.D. *p,a/2/a R.G.Matson. Ph.D. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I owe many thanks to the numerous people and organizations who assisted and supported my work on the Cedar Mesa Cultural Landscapes Survey and this thesis. First and foremost, I would like to thank my thesis committee, Drs. Andrew Duff, Bill Lipe, and R.G. Matson. Their thoughtful guidance and time spent discussing ideas with me has been invaluable. I thank Andrew for his consistent encouragement, and Bill and R.G. for sharing their immense knowledge of all things Cedar Mesa with me. Allowing me to tap into the 40-plus years of their work on Cedar Mesa is an honor. Many years have led me to this point, and I cannot forget to thank the people who guided me here. First, to Drs. Ruth Van Dyke and Richard Wilshusen, who showed me the wonderful world of archaeology in the Southwest, and especially to Rich, who gently turned me toward work in the Mesa Verde region. At the Anasazi Heritage Center and Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, I would like to thank Tracy Murphy and Linda Farnsworth, who gave me my first real jobs in curation and archaeology- their wisdom has shaped my knowledge of archaeology in the Four Corners to this day.
    [Show full text]
  • University Microfilms International 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 USA St
    AN ECOLOGICAL MODEL OF TRADE: PREHISTORIC ECONOMIC CHANGE IN THE NORTHERN RIO GRANDE REGION OF NEW MEXICO Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Bronitsky, Gordon Jay, 1949- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 04/10/2021 12:35:42 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290430 INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame.
    [Show full text]
  • Bears Ears National Monument: Monument Management Plans And
    U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Department of Agriculture Bureau of Land Management U.S. Forest Service Bea rs Ears National Monument: Mon ument Management Plans and Environmental Impact Statement Sha sh Jaá and Indian Creek Units Scopi ng Report August 2018 CONTENTS 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 1 2 Scoping Process ....................................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Purpose of Scoping ........................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Scoping Outreach .............................................................................................................................. 3 2.2.1 Publication of the Notice of Intent ....................................................................................... 3 2.2.2 Other Outreach Methods ....................................................................................................... 3 2.3 Opportunities for Public Comment ................................................................................................ 3 2.4 Public Scoping Meetings .................................................................................................................. 4 2.5 Cooperating Agency Involvement ..................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Utah Geology: Making Utah's Geology More Accessible. View South-East
    5/28/13 Utah Geology: Geologic Road Guides Utah Geology: Making Utah's geology more accessible. View south-east over St. George, Utah Road Guide Quick Select. Selection Map HW-160, 163 & 191 Tuba City to Kayenta, Bluff & Montecello, Utah (through Monument Valley) 0.0 Junction of U.S. Highways 160 and 89 , HW-160 Road Guide. follows U.S. Highway 160 east toward Tuba city and Kayenta. U.S. Highway 89 leads south toward the entrance to Grand Canyon National Park and Flagstaff. For a route description along U.S. Highway 89 northward from here see HW-89A Road Guide.. The road junction is in the Petrified Forest Member of the Chinle Formation. The member is composed of interbedded stream channel sandstone and varicolored shale and mudstone. This member erodes moderately easily and forms the strike valley to the north and south. From here the route of this guide leads upsection into younger and younger beds of the Chinle Formation. 0.7 Cross Hamblin Wash and rise from the Petrified Forest Member into the pinkish banded Owl Rock Member of the Chinle Formation. The upper member forms pronounced laminated pinkish gray and green badlands, distinctly unlike the rounded Painted Desert-type massive badlands of the underlying member. 1.6 Road rises up through the upper part of the Chinle Formation, a typical wavy to hummocky road. Highway construction is easy across the slope-forming parts of the formation, but holding the road after construction is difficult because the soft volcanic ash-bearing shales heave under load or after wetting and drying.
    [Show full text]
  • Excavations at the Green Lizard Site, Pp. 69-77
    Excavations at the Green Liza_rd Site . Edgar K. Huber and William D. Lipe Introduction than Sand Canyon Pueblo, or was abandoned before the end of occupation at the larger site, does comparison of he Green Lizard site (5MT3901) is a small, Pueblo III artifacts and ecofacts from the two sites provide evidence T habitation site located in the middle reaches of Sand that may help us understand the shift from a dispersed to Canyon, approximately 1 km down canyon from Sand an aggregated settlement pattern and/or the eventual aban­ Canyon Pueblo (Figure 1.3). In the summers of 1987 and donment of the Sand Canyon locality? 1988, intensive excavation was carried out in the western In planning for the Green Lizard excavations, we de­ half of the site. A kiva, an adjacent masonry· roomblock, cided to excavate a full kiva suite (kiva and associated and the floors of several jacal structures were excavated; surface rooms) to obtain a data set fully comparable to those the midden lying to the south of these features was sampled being produced by the intensive excavations of kiva suites with test pits (Figure 6~ 1). at Sand Canyon Pueblo (Bradley, this volume; see also The Green Lizard site Was first recorded by Craw Adams 1985a; Bradley 1986, 1987, 1988a, 1990; Kleidon Canyon Center researchers in 1984 (Adams 1985a). The and Bradley 1989). layout of the site is essentially two adjacent Prudden units (Prudden 1903, 1914, 1918). It consists of two kivas, Environmental Setting approximately 20 more or less contiguous, masonry-walled surface rooms, and an extensive and reJatively deep midden The Green Lizard site is located within Sand Canyon on a deposit located to the south of the structures (Figure 6.1).
    [Show full text]
  • The House of Our Ancestors: New Research on the Prehistory of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, A.D. 800•Fi1200
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Anthropology Faculty Publications Anthropology, Department of 2015 The ouH se of Our Ancestors: New Research on the Prehistory of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, A.D. 800–1200 Carrie Heitman University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/anthropologyfacpub Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Indigenous Studies Commons, Other Languages, Societies, and Cultures Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Heitman, Carrie, "The ousH e of Our Ancestors: New Research on the Prehistory of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, A.D. 800–1200" (2015). Anthropology Faculty Publications. 127. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/anthropologyfacpub/127 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Anthropology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Anthropology Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published in Chaco Revisited New Research on the Prehistory of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, ed. Carrie C. Heitman and Stephen Plog. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 2015. Pp. 215–248. Copyright 2015 The Arizona Board of Regents. digitalcommons.unl.edu The House of Our Ancestors: New Research on the Prehistory of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, A.D. 800–1200 Carrie C. Heitman, University of Nebraska–Lincoln In a paper honoring the career of archaeologist Gwinn
    [Show full text]
  • River Flowing from the Sunrise: an Environmental History of the Lower San Juan
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All USU Press Publications USU Press 2000 River Flowing from the Sunrise: An Environmental History of the Lower San Juan James M. Aton Robert S. McPherson Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/usupress_pubs Recommended Citation Aton, James M. and McPherson, Robert S., "River Flowing from the Sunrise: An Environmental History of the Lower San Juan" (2000). All USU Press Publications. 128. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/usupress_pubs/128 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the USU Press at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All USU Press Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. River Flowing from the Sunrise An Environmental History of the Lower San Juan A. R. Raplee’s camp on the San Juan in 1893 and 1894. (Charles Goodman photo, Manuscripts Division, Marriott Library, University of Utah) River Flowing from the Sunrise An Environmental History of the Lower San Juan James M. Aton Robert S. McPherson Utah State University Press Logan, Utah Copyright © 2000 Utah State University Press all rights reserved Utah State University Press Logan, Utah 84322-7800 Manfactured in the United States of America Printed on acid-free paper 654321 000102030405 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Aton, James M., 1949– River flowing from the sunrise : an environmental history of the lower San Juan / James M. Aton, Robert S. McPherson. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-87421-404-1 (alk. paper) — ISBN 0-87421-403-3 (pbk.
    [Show full text]
  • Comb Ridge Heritage Initiative Project
    Project Completion Report Rocky Mountains Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit (RM-CESU) Project Title: Comb Ridge Heritage Initiative Project Type of Project (Research, Technical Assistance or Education): Archaeological Survey Funding Agency: Bureau of Land Management, Utah Partner University: University of Colorado Agency Agreements Technical Representative (with complete contact information): Grants and Agreements Specialist: Lori Anderson 406-896-5196 FAX 406-896-5020 [email protected] Principal Investigators (with complete contact information): Dr. Catherine M. Cameron Department of Anthropology Campus Box 233 University of Colorado Boulder, CO. 80309-0233 [email protected] 303.492.0408 Start Date of Project: May 1, 2005 End Date of Project: Sept. 30, 2010 Funding Amount: $752,434.55 Number of Students Involved, and Type of Student (Undergraduate, Graduate, Post Doctorate): A number of graduate students participated as field crew (Ben Bellorado, Zonna Barnes, Alison Bredthauer, Jakob Sedig, Jason Chuipka). Alison Bredthauer used data from the project for her MA thesis and was significantly supported by project personnel during the data gathering phase of the project. Project Summary, including descriptions of project deliverables, work accomplished and/or major results. If the information is restricted (e.g. location of endangered species or cultural resources), indicate the title and location of the final report. The Comb Ridge Heritage Initiative Project accomplished a sample archaeological surface inventory of an area covering 1768.6 ha (43702 acres), encompassing most of Comb Ridge and the adjacent Comb Wash and Butler Wash drainages in southeastern Utah [map]. Approximately 15.4% (271.6 ha, 6713 acres) of the total area was intensively surveyed at 100% pedestrian coverage, and extensive parts of the rest of the study area were covered at a reconnaissance level.
    [Show full text]