Box Design Discussion by the Food Culture of Taiwan and Japan

Lin Hsing-Jung Lo Tsai-Yun Tatung University

概要：台湾と日本はともに「弁当」の文化を持っているが、 の食生活を調査して、台湾と日本のお弁当箱の設計要素の分 食文化は違って、ニーズに応じて、お弁当箱のデザインが異 析を通じて、弁当箱の設計が要約された。調査によると、台 なります。弁当を食事するは便利ですが、使い捨て包装は環 湾では多くの料理は主に一つの容器で提供されている。日本 境破壊を引き起こす。ここ数年、 地球環境問題への関心が世 では食材は冷めてから弁当箱に詰め込んでいると「見た目」 界中で高まっている。容器包装を減らすために、お弁当箱を は重視された。 本研究は研究成果の分析を通して、今後の 使用する人が増えている。従って、本研究は台湾人と日本人 お弁当箱デザインに応用可能性を探索する。

Key Word : Cross-cultural design,Bento box design,Eco-friendly

1. Introduction Consider to find the user's real needs, the research "Bento" plays a very important role in the food culture adopts the diary study as the research method, which of Taiwan and Japan.In the food culture of Taiwan,the collects information from participants by having them word "Bento" is according to usage of the word " 弁 repeatedly record their eating habits .Then using thematic 当 "left by the Japanese colonial period,which means analysis to search for themes or patterns from the "convenenient things,conveniences".With the change collected data.And also give the suggestions for designing of the times,It has become "a single portion take-out or Bento Box products in the future. home-packed meal"[1] . According to the eating habits research of Taiwan,the 2. Current status of Bento box products population of dining out has grown to 3.3 million in 2007 The Bento box on the market can be distinguished [2] .People are demand for more simple and faster served according to shape,material,size and function.Their meals.In recent years,Bento is become mainstream.There's design are diffrent in accordance with the requirement certainly a variety of food to choose also the nutrition is of the user to package diffrent foods. In order to meet quite balanced and can be served vary fast,which meet the the needs of users,there are Bento boxes can served for Taiwanese demand for meals.The bento box is an essential soup,or can separate vegetables or fruits.They also can part of Japanese culture,from the Bento eaten at school or be chosen depend on the capacity or whether it's made company to the Bento eaten as enjoying the beauty of the by heat proof material or not.In this study we collected seasons,it always be as a key element in japanese life and Bento boxes sales in Taiwan and Japan.They are analyzed memories.On the other hand,although the Bento culture according to its material,whether there has separation in Taiwan is from Japan,but it's more emphasis on food and tiered,and has sealed cap,its weight, capacity,and the portions and the content. It conveys the different value in food cultures between Taiwan and Japan. Table1 . Although the Bento culture makes it more convenient After analyzing Table1,it is found that most of the to dining out,the disposable containers of the Bento Taiwan Bento box products are made of stainless steel and also cause damage to the environment.According to silica gel,and the shape of the container is mostly round statistics[3],more than 5 billion of paper lunch boxes are and has sealed cap.The Japanese Bento box is mainly used annually in Taiwan,which is equivalent to cut over 10 made of plastic or wood,and has no thermal insulation, thousand trees per month.In addition,printing ink on the the shape of the container is mostly square.It can be seen lunch boxes is also considered to affect people's health . that users in Taiwan and Japan have different appeals for With the rise in public awareness of global Bento box products.In the next step of research, the study environmental protection,people in Taiwan has set off will analyze the eating habits of two countries to discuss the trend of using environmental bags and Bento boxes. the diffrent view of Bento box design. Compared to Taiwan,Bento box have been developed for many years in Japan.There's a wide range of function,from 3. Survey on eating habits of Taiwan and Japan used as a container for storage dishes to bring the lunch The survey was a diary study in which participants to school or work .Therefore,the aim of this study is record their eating habits for aperiod of a week.The expected to investigate the eating habits of Taiwanese objective in the survey were:(1)to identify the most and Japanese,and categorize the factors of Bento box common food types and their eating habits,and(2)to design is the main purpose of the research . explore the possibility of Bento box design.

146 BULLETIN OF JSSD 2018 日本デザイン学会 デザイン学研究 Table1.Bento boxes in Tawan and Japan

【日本相澤工房】 【HAKOYA】 【la-boos】 【delicatus】 【Eco brotbox】 【PUSH！】 【U Konserve】 Name 角型便當盒 Cool Bento 竹製便當盒 雙層便當盒 Tiffin Double 保溫飯盒 長方形餐盒

Picture

Area Japan Japan Japan Japan Taiwan Taiwan Taiwan

Stainless steel Stainless steel Stainless steel Metiral Silicagel ABS Bamboo PP Stainless steel PP Silicagel

Separated 熥 熥熥熥 熥 熮 熮 Layered 熮 熥 熥 熥 熥 熥 熥 Seal 熥 熮 熮 熥 熮 熥 熥 Insulation 熮 熮 熮 熮 熮 熥 熮

Capacity 1000ml 580ml 1000ml 600ml 971ml 2400ml 1000ml

Weight 394g 310g 180g 300g 454g 649g 297g Shape Rectangle Rectangle Oval Rectangle Round Round Rectangle Fig.1.Diary study 3.1. Methodology In the food culture of Japanese,participants usually In order to understand the eating habits of Taiwanese prepare Bento for eating at school or work,and customary and Japanese,the study was carried out with 2 groups serve dishes in small portions and the "looks" was with a total of 16 individuals between 18 and 35 years of emphasized.In addition,they often use the microwave as a age.One group is living in Taipei (Taiwan).And the other tool for heating and cooking. group is living in Kyoto (Japan). All participants were asked to write down their own 4.Discussion diets amd eating habits for one week (Fig.1.),The purpose In this work, we were interested in the diffrence of the they commonly eat. we conducted three implications should be discussed . 3.2. Analysis (1)The design considerations of Bento: In order to meet During the whole study period,a total of 56 food items the needs of users, whether can the Bento box served for were mentioned in the diarys.We categorized the foods soup,or can separate vegetables or fruits,and the capacity into different food type：Grains,vegetables,meat and or whether it's heat proof material should be concidered protein,fruits,or other.The detail are as follows: when desinging the Bento box. 3.2.1.Categories of Taiwanese diets (2)The feature of the food culture in Taiwan and Japan:In (1)Grains:Rice,Fried noodles and rice, Sesame paste Taiwan,most people usually eat hot meal loaded in a noodles, noodles,Noodles in soup,Bread. single container,and have the habbit of drink soup,so (2)Vegetables:Boiled spinach ,Pickled Radish ,barbeque most of the Bento boxes have the function of insulation corn. to keep the dishes warm.And in Japan,people think highly (3)Meats and Protein:Steamed pork ribs ,Pot-stewed of certainly separate the dishes,and the shape of the meat,Braised chicken leg, Salt-baked fillet of mackerel container is mostly square because it's easy to carry. , ,,. (3)The research results applied to the subsequent (4)Fruits:Orange,Banana. development of lunchbox design:This study explored (5)Other:Cakes,Red Bean soup,Handmade drinks. the design of Bento boxes in Taiwan and Japan.It is In the food culture of Taiwan,most of the participants expected to be applied to the future lunchbox design in were dining out 3~4 times a week.And usually eat hot combination with its advantages and disadvantages,it also meal loaded in a single container.Sometimes there are helped in providing an understanding how Bento boxes main dishes with 2~3 side dishes,and have the habit of can be designed to meet the user's needs. drinking soup and drinks. 3.2.2.Categories of Japanese diets References (1)Grains:Rice,Curry rice,Ramen,Chicken&egg donburi, [1] Zhang Yuxin.(2007).A brief glimpse of the status of Instant noodles,Bread. catering in Taiwan’s Japanese era from the “Taiwan Riri (2)Vegetables:Boiled cauliflower,Corn,Roasted Daily News” and the publications of the Japanese era. pumpkin,Dressing Cucumber,Fried burdock. Chinese Food Culture Foundation Newsp.(37-41),Taiwan, (3)Meats and Protein:Fish,Yakitori,Fried pork,Hot ROC. dog,Chikuwa,Fried bean curd,Tamagoyaki,. [2] Xu Renquan.(2007).Vision Magazine.(252th) (4)Fruits:Strawberry,Tangerine,Banana. [3] Lin Daorong.(2012).Taiwan Environmental Information (5)Other:Cereal,Microwave food,Cookies. Center.

日本デザイン学会 デザイン学研究 BULLETIN OF JSSD 2018 147