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Intermediate German: a Grammar and Workbook / by 2 Anna Miell & Heiner Schenke 3 P 111 INTERMEDIATE GERMAN: 2 3 A GRAMMAR AND WORKBOOK 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 2 13 4111 5 Intermediate German is designed for learners who have achieved basic 6 proficiency and wish to progress to more complex language. Its 24 units 7 present a broad range of grammatical topics, illustrated by examples which 8 serve as models for varied exercises that follow. These exercises enable 9 the student to master the relevant grammar points. 2011 1 Features include: 2 3 • authentic German, from a range of media, used throughout the book to 4 reflect German culture, life and society 5 6 • illustrations of grammar points in English as well as German 7 • checklists at the end of each unit for consolidation 8 9 • cross-referencing to other grammar units in the book 3011 • glossary of grammatical terminology 1 2 • full answer key to all exercises 3 4 Suitable for independent learners and students on taught courses, 5 Intermediate German, together with its sister volume, Basic German, forms 6 a structured course in the essentials of German. 7 8 Anna Miell is University Lecturer in German at the University of Westminster 9 and at Trinity College of Music in Greenwich and works as a language 4011 consultant in London. Heiner Schenke is Senior Lecturer of German at the 1 University of Westminster and has published a number of language books. 2 3 41111 111 Other titles available in the Grammar Workbook series are: 2 3 Basic Cantonese 4 Intermediate Cantonese 5 Basic German 6 7 Basic Italian 8111 Basic Polish 9 Intermediate Polish 1011 1 Basic Russian 2 Intermediate Russian 3 Basic Spanish 4 5 Basic Welsh 6 Intermediate Welsh 7 8 Titles of related interest published by Routledge: 9 Colloquial German 2011 by Dietlinde Hatherall and Glyn Hatherall 1 2 Modern German Grammar: A Practical Guide, Second Edition 3 by William Dodd, Christine Eckhard-Black, John Klapper 4 and Ruth Whittle 5 Modern German Grammar Workbook, Second Edition 6 by William Dodd, Christine Eckhard-Black, John Klapper 7 and Ruth Whittle 8 9 3011 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4011 1 2 3 41111 111 2 INTERMEDIATE GERMAN: 3 4 5 A GRAMMAR AND 6 7 WORKBOOK 8 9 1011 1 2 Anna Miell and Heiner Schenke 13 4111 5 6 7 8 9 2011 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3011 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4011 1 2 3 41111 111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8111 9 First published 2006 1011 by Routledge 1 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN 2 Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada 3 by Routledge 4 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016 5 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business 6 © 2006 Anna Miell and Heiner Schenke 7 8 This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2006. 9 “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s 2011 collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” 1 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted 2 or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, 3 mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter 4 invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any 5 information storage or retrieval system, without permission 6 in writing from the publishers. 7 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data 8 A catalogue record for this book is available from the 9 British Library 3011 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data 1 Miell, Anna. Intermediate German: a grammar and workbook / by 2 Anna Miell & Heiner Schenke 3 p. cm. – (Grammar workbook series) 4 1. German language – Grammar. 2. German language 5 – Textbooks for foreign speakers – English. I. Schenke, 6 Heiner. II. Title. III. Routledge grammars. IV. Series. PF3112.M44 2006 7 438.2′421 – dc 22 2006005339 8 9 ISBN10: 0–415–28406–6 (hbk) 4011 ISBN10: 0–415–28407–4 (pbk) 1 ISBN10: 0–203–32557–5 (ebk) 2 ISBN13: 978–0–415–28406–6 (hbk) 3 ISBN13: 978–0–415–28407–3 (pbk) 41111 ISBN13: 978–0-203–32557–5 (ebk) 111 2 CONTENTS 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 2 13 4111 Preface vii 5 6 Unit 1 Nouns and gender 1 7 8 Unit 2 Plural of nouns 9 9 Unit 3 Articles and other determiners 15 2011 1 Unit 4 Cases 23 2 Unit 5 Pronouns 34 3 4 Unit 6 Reflexive verbs 42 5 6 Unit 7 Modal verbs 50 7 Unit 8 Verbs with separable and inseparable prefixes 59 8 9 Unit 9 Verbs and prepositions 67 3011 Unit 10 The present tense 75 1 2 Unit 11 The present perfect tense 81 3 Unit 12 The simple past tense 89 4 5 Unit 13 The past perfect tense 96 6 Unit 14 The future tense 102 7 8 Unit 15 Adjectives and adverbs 107 9 Unit 16 Prepositions 116 4011 1 Unit 17 Forming questions 126 2 Unit 18 Conjunctions and clauses 133 3 41111 Unit 19 Word order and sentence structure 141 vi Contents 111 Unit 20 Relative clauses 150 2 Unit 21 Negative constructions 157 3 4 Unit 22 The passive voice 164 5 6 Unit 23 Subjunctive forms 172 7 Unit 24 Indirect speech 180 8111 9 1011 Key to exercises and checklists 186 1 Glossary of grammatical terms 210 2 3 Common irregular verbs 215 4 Index 218 5 6 7 8 9 2011 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3011 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4011 1 2 3 41111 111 2 PREFACE 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 2 13 4111 Intermediate German is aimed at learners of German who have acquired 5 the basics of the language and want to progress further. It is also ideal 6 for intermediate to advanced learners who want to consolidate and extend 7 their knowledge of German grammar. The book can be used on its own 8 or in connection with any major German coursebook and is suitable for 9 self-study, class-based learning or reference purposes. 2011 1 Presentation of grammar 2 3 The book explains the essentials of German grammar in clear and simple 4 language. The format is easily accessible and grammar topics follow a 5 progression, which move from simple aspects to more complex features. 6 For more in-depth study, there are cross-references to related grammar 7 items. Explanations are simple and avoid specialised terminology when- 8 ever possible while introducing key terms. The vocabulary is practical and 9 functional. 3011 1 Structure of units 2 3 There are 24 units. Each unit covers one key grammar topic, which is 4 contrasted with English structures where appropriate. Most topic starts 5 out with an overview. This is usually followed by detailed explanation in 6 an easy to follow step-by-step layout, breaking down complex aspects into 7 simple segments. Examples in English and German illustrate each point 8 and introduce relevant vocabulary. 9 4011 Checklists and exercises 1 2 Integrated exercises allow immediate transfer and practice to consolidate 3 each grammar point. Exercises are varied and progress from simple recog- 41111 nition to more complex application of grammar points. viii Preface 111 A checklist at the end of each unit reinforces main points and provides 2 an opportunity to self-assess understanding of the material covered. 3 Answers to all exercises and the checklists are available in a key at the 4 end of the book. 5 6 Using the book as a grammar reference 7 8111 Unit headings indicate which grammar point is covered and the index at 9 the end of the book refers users to the relevant units. The glossary provides 1011 clear definitions and simple explanations of key grammatical terms. When 1 appropriate, cross-references are provided within units. 2 3 Extra features 4 5 Extra tips on how to make language learning easier and more successful 6 are provided wherever appropriate. The book also gives the learner up- 7 to-date information on the contemporary usage of grammatical structures 8 in German. 9 2011 The book is suitable for: 1 2 • lower intermediate to advanced students 3 • AS/A-level revision 4 5 • courses at university and in further education 6 • adult education courses 7 8 • independent learners. 9 3011 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4011 1 2 3 41111 111 2 UNIT ONE 3 4 Nouns and gender 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 2 13 4111 What are nouns? 5 6 Nouns are words used to name living creatures, objects, abstract qualities 7 or concepts: 8 9 Mann man Rock skirt 2011 Schönheit beauty Entwicklung development 1 2 3 4 German nouns – three genders 5 6 In German, all nouns are classed as having one of three genders: mascu- 7 line, feminine or neuter and are written with an initial capital letter. In 8 dictionaries, the gender is usually indicated with m for masculine nouns, 9 f for feminine nouns and nt for neuter nouns. 3011 1 2 3 Working out the gender 4 5 Often there seems to be no obvious relationship between a noun and its 6 gender in German: Rock ‘skirt’ for instance is masculine, Hose ‘trousers’ 7 is feminine and Kleid ‘dress’ is neuter. 8 However, there are two main ways that can help you to work out the 9 gender: 4011 1 • certain endings indicate the gender 2 • some groups of nouns, usually linked by meaning, tend to be mascu- 322 line or feminine or neuter.
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