Undercurrents: the Life Cycle of an Outdoor Experiential Learning Program in a Mainstream Public Middle School
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies 8-2018 Undercurrents: The Life Cycle of an Outdoor Experiential Learning Program in a Mainstream Public Middle School Eric Jackson Newell Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd Part of the Curriculum and Instruction Commons Recommended Citation Newell, Eric Jackson, "Undercurrents: The Life Cycle of an Outdoor Experiential Learning Program in a Mainstream Public Middle School" (2018). All Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 7164. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7164 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. UNDERCURRENTS: THE LIFE CYCLE OF AN OUTDOOR EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING PROGRAM IN A MAINSTREAM PUBLIC MIDDLE SCHOOL by Eric Jackson Newell A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Education Approved: James Dorward, Ph.D. Nicole Pyle, Ph.D. Major Professor Committee Member Courtney Stewart, Ph.D. Suzanne Jones, Ph.D. Committee Member Committee Member Renee Galliher, Ph.D. Mark R. McLellan, Ph.D. Committee Member Vice President for Research and Dean of the School of Graduate Studies UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY Logan, Utah 2018 ii Copyright © Eric Jackson Newell 2018 All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Undercurrents: The Life Cycle of an Outdoor Experiential Learning Program in a Mainstream Public Middle School by Eric Jackson Newell, Doctor of Philosophy Utah State University, 2018 Major Professor: James Dorward, Ph.D. Department: Teacher Education and Leadership This autoethnographic study details the researcher’s experiences as a high school student and as a new teacher—which eventually led to the creation, implementation, and 8-year life cycle of Mount Logan Discovery, a sixth-grade integrated outdoor experiential learning program in a public middle school. Routine field experiences established academic background knowledge, fostered relationships, built confidence, and provided purpose for curriculum standards. Perspectives of parents, students, colleagues, administrators, and donors add detail. This study responds to calls qualitative studies that focus on how outdoor programs are conducted, the descriptions of experiences and perceptions of students and parents, and how participants were changed through outdoor experiential learning programs. The primary research question was: What are the lived experiences of the researcher as a founder of a public middle school outdoor experiential learning program, iv from its inception to its closure? Though outdoor experiential learning is the main theme, this study is also about teaching reading and writing in authentic contexts, integrated science, and the struggle for constructivist-minded educators to humanize schools within high-stakes testing culture. From a theoretical standpoint, this is a story of constructivism in praxis. Participants described that outdoor field experiences improved their attitude towards school, their overall confidence, fostered relationships, established a strong classroom community, and boosted their academic performance. Students and parents emphasized the impact integrating literacy with field programs had on their writing and reading skills. Other themes that surfaced include the role of field experiences in building character and allowing students to find joy and happiness in the learning process. Parents and students alike indicated outdoor field experiences had a lasting impact on participants lives. The analysis also identifies six steps for putting principles of constructivism into practice in schools, recommendations for implementing new programs, and components of effective field programs. The narrative spurs parents, educators, administrators, and lawmakers to reflect on what really matters in schools. Until we change the way schools are evaluated, outdoor experiential learning programs like Mount Logan Discovery, and other attempts to enrich students’ educational experiences, will always exist on the fringes and in the shadows of public education, fighting for sustainability. (290 pages) v PUBLIC ABSTRACT Undercurrents: The Life Cycle of an Outdoor Experiential Learning Program in a Mainstream Public Middle School Eric Jackson Newell This autoethnographic study details the researcher’s experiences as a high school student and as a new teacher—which eventually led to the creation, implementation, and 8-year life cycle of Mount Logan Discovery, a sixth-grade integrated outdoor experiential learning program in a public middle school. Routine field experiences established academic background knowledge, fostered relationships, built confidence, and provided purpose for curriculum standards. Perspectives of parents, students, colleagues, administrators, and donors add detail. This study responds to calls qualitative studies that focus on how outdoor programs are conducted, the descriptions of experiences and perceptions of students and parents, and how participants were changed through outdoor experiential learning programs. The primary research question was: What are the lived experiences of the researcher as a founder of a public middle school outdoor experiential learning program, from its inception to its closure? Though outdoor experiential learning is the main theme, this study is also about teaching reading and writing in authentic contexts, integrated science, and the struggle for constructivist-minded educators to humanize schools within high-stakes testing culture. From a theoretical standpoint, this is a story of constructivism in praxis. vi Participants described that outdoor field experiences improved their attitude towards school, their overall confidence, fostered relationships, established a strong classroom community, and boosted their academic performance. Students and parents emphasized the impact integrating literacy with field programs had on their writing and reading skills. Other themes that surfaced include the role of field experiences in building character and allowing students to find joy and happiness in the learning process. Parents and students alike indicated outdoor field experiences had a lasting impact on participants lives. The analysis also identifies six steps for putting principles of constructivism into practice in schools, recommendations for implementing new programs, and components of effective field programs. The narrative spurs parents, educators, administrators, and lawmakers to reflect on what really matters in schools. Until we change the way schools are evaluated, outdoor experiential learning programs like Mount Logan Discovery, and other attempts to enrich students’ educational experiences, will always exist on the fringes and in the shadows of public education, fighting for sustainability. vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am grateful to the many people who have shaped my journey as an educator. Dr. Martin Tadlock, Dr. Debbie Hobbs, and Dr. Marti Dever inspired and pushed me as an elementary education undergraduate student and left a permanent imprint on my teaching practices in the classroom. I entered the elementary education program believing my educational philosophy would make me a dissident. Instead, I was provided encouragement along with the tools and skills to put my beliefs into practice. Dr. Rebecca Monhardt guided me through the completion of my master’s degree. A synthesis paper I wrote for her class, which, in her words was “not exactly a synthesis paper, but needs to be published someday,” ultimately became the seeds of this story. I am indebted to my doctoral committee, each of whom have played a crucial role in this narrative. As an undergraduate student, I noticed—through a propped open door— a photograph of Dr. Jim Dorward climbing the Grand Teton in the winter on his office wall. I wanted to meet him, but we did not connect until much later. As my committee chair, I value his leadership, accessibility, and no-nonsense approach. Dr. Nicole Pyle visited my Discovery classroom and spent a day on the Little Bear River with my students, reading and writing. In the process, she rekindled my desire to pursue a Ph.D. so that I might understand and contribute to the research on outdoor experiential learning. I appreciate her role, her expertise in adolescent literacy, and her belief in me from the start. I enrolled in a course taught by Dr. Suzanne Jones my first semester in the Ph.D. program. When she mentioned that her dissertation looked back on her sixth-grade classroom experiences, I cornered her afterwards to learn more. Psychologist Dr. Renee viii Galliher’s role as an outside committee member, and as the mother of a Discovery student, provided indispensable insights. My frequent conversations with Dr. Courtney Stewart, my methodology expert, are appreciated tremendously. Without his steady presence and newfound friendship, I may have lost my footing. I owe gratitude to Sociologist Dr. Leon Anderson, who taught my Qualitative II Methods course, showing me the ropes of autoethnography. Others who have lent moral support include many other graduate students in the Teacher Education and Leadership (TEAL) Ph.D. program; TEAL administrative assistants Krista Terrell and Denise Jensen were always helpful, patient, and friendly; Political