European Market Assessment for the Main Organic Export Products from Armenia, Moldova and Ukraine
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The “Greening Economies in the Eastern Neighbourhood” (EaP-GREEN) programme is financed by the European Commission and other donors, and is jointly implemented by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). Under this programme, UNEP provides support to countries to enhance their knowledge of domestic and international market opportunities and barriers of organic products, and builds trade and production capacities. For further information visit http://www.unep.org/greeneconomy/organicagriculture or www.green-economies-eap.org European market assessment for the main organic export products from Armenia, Moldova and Ukraine The EaP GREEN programme is funded by the European Union Disclaimer: The views expressed in this report can in no way and other donors, and is jointly implemented by four international be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union. organizations. Acknowledgements Organic Services GmbH prepared this report with Jörn Berger as lead author, under the guidance of Udo Censkowsky and Gerald A. Herrmann. Gerald A. Herrmann provided input for chapter 3.1 about global organic markets, and reviewed the report. The report benefitted from valuable inputs and comments from Gunnar Rundgren (Grolink) and Boudewijn van Elzakker (Agro Eco – Louis Bolk Institute). Claudia Assmann, Lasse Brand, James Rawles, Jennifer Abb and Verena Balke from UN Environment reviewed the final draft of the report and provided detailed feedback. The report has been edited by Elizabeth Kemf. The design of its cover page was created by Michel Favre, based on previous work by Thomas Gianninazzi. This report was made possible thanks to the companies who agreed to be interviewed, and provided their technical expertise. This report is part of the Organic Agriculture component of the project “Greening the Eastern European Neighborhood” (EaP-Green). The EaP GREEN programme assists six countries of the European Union Eastern Neighbourhood Partnership in progressing faster towards a green economy framework. Decoupling economic growth from environmental degradation should result in higher productivity and competitiveness, better natural capital management, enhanced environmental quality of life, and more resilient economies. EaP GREEN responds to commitments made by countries, the European Union and other partners in major international forums including the Rio+20 Earth Summit. The EaP GREEN project is funded by the European Union and supported by several EU and OECD countries. It is jointly implemented by four international organisations: the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), the United Nations Environment Programme (UN Environment), and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). 1 European market assessment for the main organic export products from Armenia, Moldova and Ukraine TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................................... 4 LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................................... 5 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................................................... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... 8 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 10 2. METHODOLOGY OF PRODUCT SELECTION FOR ASSESSMENT ....................................... 12 2.1. Selection and assessment methodology ....................................................................... 12 2.2. Product selection ................................................................................................................ 13 3. RESULTS OF THE MARKET ASSESSMENT ............................................................................ 15 3.1. Global organic market growth .......................................................................................... 15 3.1.1. The biggest single organic market............................................................................ 15 3.1.2. The biggest regional market ...................................................................................... 15 3.1.3. Other emerging organic markets around the world .............................................. 16 3.1.4. Will this market growth continue? ............................................................................. 17 3.1.5. Organic area in the world and the EU ....................................................................... 17 3.2. Market access requirements ............................................................................................ 20 3.2.1. Legal market access and food safety requirements ............................................. 20 3.2.2. Private requirements set by the industry ................................................................. 22 3.2.3. EU Import requirements for pharmaceutical and cosmetic ingredients ........... 23 3.3. Cereals, oilseeds and dried pulses ................................................................................... 25 3.3.1. Trade statistics between EU and target region ...................................................... 25 3.3.2. Product distribution and trade flow .......................................................................... 30 3.3.3. Market demand for organic grains in the EU .......................................................... 34 3.3.4. Lessons learned – the importer’s perspective ....................................................... 45 3.3.5. Key observations with regard to cereals, oilseeds and dried pulses .................. 47 3.4. Fruits, berries and nuts ...................................................................................................... 48 3.4.1. Trade statistics between EU and target region ...................................................... 49 3.4.2. Product distribution and trade flow .......................................................................... 56 3.4.3. Market demand for organic fruits and nuts in the EU ........................................... 59 3.4.4. Lessons learned – the importer’s perspective ....................................................... 68 3.4.5. Key observations with regard to fruits, berries and nuts ...................................... 70 3.5. Herbs and honey ................................................................................................................. 72 3.5.1. Trade statistics between EU and target region ...................................................... 73 3.5.2. Product distribution and trade flow .......................................................................... 75 3.5.3. Market demand for organic herbs and honey in the EU ....................................... 78 3.5.4. Lessons learned – the importer’s perspective ....................................................... 84 3.5.5. Key observations with regard to herbs and honey ................................................ 86 2 European market assessment for the main organic export products from Armenia, Moldova and Ukraine 4. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................... 87 4.1. Product recommendations for exporters ....................................................................... 87 4.1.1. Grains – cereals, oilseeds and pulses ...................................................................... 87 4.1.2. Fruits, berries and nuts ................................................................................................ 88 4.1.3. Herbs and honey .......................................................................................................... 88 4.2. Conclusions for an organic sector development in the target region ....................... 89 4.3. Country specific conclusions ............................................................................................ 90 4.4. The way forward .................................................................................................................. 91 5. ANNEX ............................................................................................................................................ 92 5.1. Product selection - synopsis table .................................................................................. 92 5.2. Product trees for selected products ................................................................................ 95 5.3. Main importers in Europe .................................................................................................. 97 5.4. Relevant events, organizations and useful links ......................................................... 107 5.4.1. Trade fairs and conferences for organic products in emerging markets ....... 108 5.4.2. Price information sources ........................................................................................ 109 5.4.3. Examples of organic specifications .......................................................................