Valley Native Plants for Birds

Quinta Mazatlan WBC 1/19/17 SB 1 TOP VALLEY NATIVE FRUITING PLANTS FOR BIRDS TALL TREES, 30 FT OR GREATER: Common Name Botanical Name Height Width Full Shade/ Full Evergreen Bloom Bloom Fruit Notes (ft) (ft) Sun Sun Shade Color Period Color Anacua, Ehretia anacua 20-50 40-60 X X X White Summer- Yellow- Leaves feel like sandpaper; Sandpaper Tree, Fall Orange fragrant flowers. Mature trunk has Sugarberry characteristic outgrowth which resembles cylinders put together to form it. Edible fruit. Butterfly nectar plant. Sugar Hackberry, Celtis laevigata 30-50 50 X X X Greenish, Spring Red Fast-growing, short-lived tree, with Palo Blanco tiny an ornamental grey, warty bark. Shallow rooted and prone to fungus; should be planted away from structures. Caterpillar host plant. SMALL TREES (LESS THAN 30 FT): Common Name Botanical Name Height Width Full Shade/ Full Evergreen Bloom Bloom Fruit Notes (ft) (ft) Sun Sun Shade Color Period Color Brasil, Condalia hookeri 12-15 15 X X X Greenish- Spring- Black Branches end in thorns; shiny Capul Negro, yellow, Summer leaves. Capulín, Bluewood small Condalia Coma, Sideroxylon 15-30 15 X X X White Summer- Blue- Very fragrant flowers; sticky, edible Chicle, celastrinum Fall, after black fruit; thorny; glossy leaves. Saffron Plum rain Granjeno, Celtis pallida 10-20 12 X X X X Greenish, Spring Orange Edible fruit; spiny; bark is mottled Spiny tiny grey. Can be small tree or shrub. Hackberry Texas Diospyros 15-30 15 X X X X White Spring Black Mottled, peeling ornamental bark; Persimmon, texana great native choice instead of the Chapote Crape Myrtle. Male and female flowers on different plants, so need Quinta Mazatlan WBC 1/19/17 SB 2 a male plant near female one(s) to ensure fruit production. Fruit edible. Wild Olive, Cordia boissieri 10-20 15 X X White w/ Year- Light Very drought tolerant; large flowers, Anacahuita, yellow round Green large leaves. Nectar plant. Mexican Olive, center Texas Olive LARGE SHRUBS (5 FT or GREATER): Common Name Botanical Name Height Width Full Shade/ Full Evergreen Bloom Bloom Fruit Notes (ft) (ft) Sun Sun Shade Color Period Color Brush Holly, Xylosma 5-10 3-4 X X X X White, Year- Red to Thorny; male and female flowers Coronillo flexuosa tiny round black sometimes on different plants, so you may need more than one to ensure fruit production. Desert Yaupon, Schaefferia 4-6 3-5 X X Greenish Spring- Orange- Drought tolerant; male and female Capul cuneifolia white, Fall, after red flowers on different plants, so need tiny rain a male plant near female one(s) to ensure fruit production. Elbow-Bush, Forestiera 8 3-8 X X Greenish- Spring- Black Branches come out at 90 degree Panalero angustifolia yellow, Fall angles, hence the common name; small male and female flowers are on separate plants so need a male plant near female one(s) to ensure fruit production; can be used to make hedges. Fiddlewood, Citharexylum 6-10 10 X X White Late Orange, Attractive. Small flowers form Berlandier’s berlandieri Spring- then showy clusters; fruit also in Fiddlewood, Summer black clusters. Can be pruned to look like Tamaulipan a small tree or used as a hedge. Fiddlewood, Negrito Lotebush Ziziphus 6 10 X X Green, Spring- Black Branches end in prominent gray- obtusifolia tiny Fall green-whitish thorns. Quinta Mazatlan WBC 1/19/17 SB 3 Granjeno, Spiny Celtis pallida 10-20 12 X X X X Greenish, Spring Orange Edible fruit; spiny; bark is mottled Hackberry tiny grey. Can be small tree or shrub. Manzanita, Malpighia glabra 4-6 1-4 X X X Pink Spring- Red Attractive; can be pruned into a Barbados Cherry Fall hedge. Fruit is edible and very high in vitamin C; resembles little cherries or apples. Caterpillar host. Can be grown in container, but prune to keep small. Potato Tree, Solanum 10 10 X X White Spring- Yellow Ornamental; with very large, soft, Salvadora erianthum Fall woolly leaves; fast grower. Can be small tree or shrub. Turk’s Cap, Malvaviscus 5-10 2-5 X X X X Red Year- Red Attractive showy flowers and fruit. Manzanilla drummondii round Edible fruit. Excellent butterfly and hummingbird nectar plant. Can be grown in container, but prune to keep small. SMALL SHRUBS (LESS THAN 5 FT): Common Name Botanical Name Height Width Full Sun/ Shade Evergreen Bloom Bloom Fruit Notes (ft) (ft) Sun Shade Color Period Color Chile Piquín, Capsicum 3 3 X X X X White, Year- Red Relative of green peppers and Bird Pepper annuum var. Small round chiles! Edible; spicy. Can be grown aviculare in container. Texas Lantana, Lantana urticoides 6 3-6 X X X Orange, Year- Black Wide-spreading shrub; rough Calico Bush, Hierba Yellow, round leaves, strong in smell. Excellent de Cristo red butterfly nectar plant. Can be grown in container, but prune to keep small. Velvet Lantana, Lantana velutina 5-6 3 X X X White Year- Pink- Velvety, soft leaves—a stark Orégano Xiu round purple, difference to Texas Lantana, which then has rough ones. Butterfly nectar black plant. Can be grown in container, but prune to keep small. Quinta Mazatlan WBC 1/19/17 SB 4 HERBACEOUS PLANTS (NON-WOODY): Common Name Botanical Name Height Width Full Sun/ Shade Evergreen Bloom Bloom Fruit Notes (ft) (ft) Sun Shade Color Period Color Pigeonberry, Rivina humilis 2-3 3 X X X White or Year- Red Small flowers form showy clusters; Coralito pink round fruit also in clusters. Can be grown in container. Scarlet Sage, Salvia coccinea 2-3 1-2 X X X Dies back Red, pink, Year- Seeds in papery cover are eaten by Tropical Sage, to ground; rarely round small birds. Excellent butterfly and Salvia comes white hummingbird nectar plant. Can be back grown in container, but prune to keep small. CACTI: Common Name Botanical Name Height Width Full Sun/ Shade Evergreen Bloom Bloom Fruit Notes (ft) (ft) Sun Shade Color Period Color Christmas Opuntia 5 3 X X X Yellow- Late Red, Clambering cactus; forms clumps. Cactus, Tasajillo leptocaulis green, Summer rarely Spine length varies on different small yellow plants (some almost spineless). Night-blooming Acanthocereus 5-10 sprawls X X X White Summer Red Blooms at night; showy flowers; fruit Cereus tetragonus is called pitaya. Strawberry Echinocereus 16 in. forms X X X Magenta Spring Red Clump forming; flowers open for 3- Cactus, Pitaya, enneacanthus mounds 4 days; fruit tastes like Strawberry Pitaya strawberries. Texas Prickly Opuntia 10 5-8 X X X X Yellow, Spring Purple Pads have yellow spines; pads Pear, engelmannii var. orange, (nopalitos) and fruit (tunas) are Nopal lindheimeri red edible. Sometimes infected by “cochineal” scale insects that produce red dye. .

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