Mathematics, Reading and Writing) Acknowledgments
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Grade Expectations for Vermont’s Framework of Standards and Learning Opportunities Spring 2004 (Mathematics, Reading and Writing) Acknowledgments Vermont State Board of Education Diane Mueller, Chair Chester Lisa Cox, Vice Chair Brattleboro Trevor Braun Elmore Marissa Cormier Colchester William Corrow Williamstown Thomas James Essex Junction Rick Manahan St. Albans Town Deborah McDowell South Burlington Chris Robbins Danville Susan Schill Belvidere Commissioner of Education Richard H. Cate Deputy Commissioner of Education H. “Bud” Meyers, Ph.D. Cover Graphic Design David Lustgarten Nondiscrimination Statement The Vermont Department of Education does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, creed, marital status, sex, disability, age, or sexual orientation in its programs or activities. Commissioner’s Letter Table of Contents Introduction....................................................................................................................................................................................................i–vi Mathematical Understanding Introduction............................................................................................................................................................................................................M1 Standard 7.6: Arithmetic, Number, and Operation Concepts (GLEs M1–M8)............................................................................................M2–M9 Standard 7.7: Geometry and Measurement Concepts (GLEs M9–M18).................................................................................................M10–M17 Standard 7.8: Functions and Algebra Concepts (GLEs M19–M22) ........................................................................................................M18–M23 Standard 7.9: Data, Statistics, and Probability Concepts (GLEs M23–M29)..........................................................................................M24–M31 Standard 2.5: Mathematical Dimensions and Standard 7.10: Mathematical Problem Solving and Reasoning—Applications (GLE M30) ..................................................................................................................M32–M33 Appendix A: Background for M2:3.....................................................................................................................................................................M34 Appendix B: Measurement Benchmarks..................................................................................................................................................M35–M36 Reading Introduction..................................................................................................................................................................................................... R1–R2 Standard 1.1: Reading Strategies: Early Reading Skills and Strategies, Word Identifi cation Skills and Strategies, Context and Self-Correction Strategies, Vocabulary Strategies and Breadth of Vocabulary, Comprehension Strategies, Monitoring and Adjusting Strategies (GLEs R1–R8) ...................................................................................................................................... R4–R15 Standard 1.2: Reading Accuracy: Accuracy and Fluency (GLE R9)......................................................................................................... R16–R17 Standard 1.3: Reading Comprehension and Standard 5.13: Responding to Text: Initial Understanding of Literary Text, Initial Understanding of Informational Text (GLEs R10–R12) ............................................................ R18–R25 Standard 1.3: Reading Comprehension, Standard 5.13: Responding to Text, and Standard 5.11: Literary Elements and Devices: Analysis and Interpretation of Literary Text/Citing Evidence (GLEs R13–R15) ............................................................................................ R26–R31 Standard 1.3: Reading Comprehension and Standard 5.13: Responding to Text: Analysis and Interpretation of Informational Text/Citing Evidence (GLE R16).............................................................................................. R32–R35 Standard 1.4: Reading Range of Text: Reading Extensively, Reading Widely and In Depth (GLEs R17–R18) ........................................ R36–R41 Standard 1.4: Reading Range of Text and Standard 5.12: Literate Community: Literate Community (GLE R19) .................................................................................................................................................................... R42–R43 Appendix A: The Six Syllable Types................................................................................................................................................................... R44 Appendix B: Resource for Understanding Language Structure ..................................................................................................................... R44 Appendix C: Fluency Rates ................................................................................................................................................................................ R44 Appendix D: A Discussion of “Increasing Text Complexity” .................................................................................................................. R45–R48 Appendix E: Suggested Informational and Literary Texts ...................................................................................................................... R49–R50 Appendix F: Glossary of Reading Terms.................................................................................................................................................. R51–R54 ii Table of Contents (continued) Writing Introduction....................................................................................................................................................................................................W1–W2 Standard 1.5: Writing Dimensions: Writing Process (GLE W1) ...................................................................................................................W4–W5 Standard 1.6: Writing Conventions: Writing Conventions (GLEs W2–W3) ................................................................................................W6–W11 Standard 5.18: Structures: Structures of Language (GLEs W4) ..............................................................................................................W12–W13 Standard 1.7: Response to Literature, Standard 5.11: Literary Elements and Devices, and Standard 5.13: Responding to Text: Writing in Response to Literary or Informational Text (GLEs W5–W7) .............................................................................................................................................W14–W19 Standard 1.8: Reports and Standard 1.19: Research: Informational Writing: Reports (GLEs W8–W10)...............................................................................................................................................................W20–W25 Standard 1.9: Narratives and Standard 5.11: Literary Elements and Devices: Expressive Writing: Narratives (GLEs W11–W12).........................................................................................................................................................W26–W27 Standard 1.10: Procedures: Informational Writing: Procedures (GLEs W13–W14)..................................................................................W28–W29 Standard 1.11: Persuasive Writing: Informational Writing: Persuasive Writing (GLEs W15–W16) ...........................................................................................................................................................................W30–W31 Standard 1.12: Personal Essay: Expressive Writing: Refl ective Essay (GLE W17).................................................................................W32–W33 Standard 1.23: Poetry and Standard 5.11: Literary Elements and Devices: Expressive Writing: Poetry (GLEs W18–W19) ...............................................................................................................................................................W34–W35 Appendix A: Writing Clusters, Genres Defi ned................................................................................................................................................ W36 Appendix B: Glossary of Writing Terms...................................................................................................................................................W37–W38 Appendix C: Overview of the Writing Process................................................................................................................................................. W39 References iii Introduction This document, Grade Expectations for Vermont’s Framework of Standards and Learning Opportunities (hereafter Vermont’s Grade Expectations), is an important companion to Vermont’s Framework. These Grade Expectations (GEs) serve the same purposes as Vermont’s Framework (see below), but articulate learning expectations by grade levels in mathematics, reading, and writing (GLEs), and by clusters of two grades (GCEs) in other areas of Vermont’s Framework. Purposes of Vermont’s Grade Expectations and Vermont’s Framework: 1) To provide a structure from which standards-based district, school, and classroom curriculum can be developed, organized,