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United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,754,650 Katznelson 45 Date of Patent: May 19, 1998

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United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,754,650 Katznelson 45 Date of Patent: May 19, 1998 US005754650A United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,754,650 Katznelson 45 Date of Patent: May 19, 1998 54 SIMULTANEOUS MULTICHANNEL OTHER PUBLICATIONS TELEVISION ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD "Instruction Manual." MX-MS Scrambler, Magnavox 75) Inventor: Ron D. Katznelson, San Diego, Calif. CATV Systems, Inc. 1979. Ostuni, Joseph. "Reference Manual. Pay TV." Magnavox 73) Assignee: Multichannel Communication CATV Systems, Inc. 1978. Sciences, Inc., San Diego, Calif. "Terminal Products." Magnavox CATV Systems, Inc. 1979. (21) Appl. No.: 433,135 22 Filed: May 3, 1995 Primary Examiner-Gilberto Barron, Jr. Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Irell & Manella LLP Related U.S. Application Data 57 ABSTRACT 63 Continuation of Ser. No. 233,212, Apr. 25, 1994, Pat No. 5,430,799, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 818,752, Jan. A multichannel television access control system is disclosed 8, 1992, abandoned. wherein processing of the broadband signal is performed by (51) int. C. ... H04N 7/171 gated coherent RF injection on a plurality of channels. 52) U.S. Cl. ................................ 380/15; 380/12;380/34; thereby effecting selective descrambling of an arbitrary 380/20 subset of channels in a channel group. The system provides 58) Field of Search .................................... 380/7, 10, 12. for a closed loop injection signal phasor control so as to 380/13, 15, 34, 20 maintain substantially constant relationship between the television signals and the injected signals. The combined 56) References Cited signals are supplied to subscribers enabling the use of their cable ready equipment. U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 5,319,709 6/1994 Raiser et al. 35 Claims, 18 Drawing Sheets III: NECTED RF CARRIERS U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 1 of 18 5,754,650 FIG. 1 a f4 22 18 27 14 22 ; : 10 BASEBAND 16 A1G 1b. ---.: 3O NJECTED RF CARRIERS U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 2 of 18 5,754,650 Kouanbºuq Kouanbºuq Kouanbºuq //9STIWNSOIS(ICIJLOCITNIp9N YIQIRITHOSHITSOJLCICIITAIITISSTIWN5OISLNW.LT/TSCHRI U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 3 of 18 5,754,650 P/G 3 TO SUBSCRIBER FROM f f O DISTRIBUTIONf02 -1 104 -1 O6 108° 109, \ \ ARRSSD as ENERATOR as 1 U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 4 of 18 5,754,650 <!--CHWIL U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet S of 18 5,754,650 S-a- | --- ||| | \| | ||| | ZI0 IzHW]AONGIQÒTHAQALLVIQIH ep SNOdSR U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 6 of 18 5,754,650 F/G, 6a C-63.55 is-o % GROUPA G RO B UP 2 GRO UP C % 3 2 2 STAGGERED GROUPNG IN TIME DOMAIN FIG. 6b GROUP D GROUP A 6f O GROUP B 612 GROUP C 614 *: - so so do to as us up 36: b an in a de a 55: no one e s up up as -16 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - F. Fa Fb - 604 FC s S. SOS S 6O2 FREQUENCY BLOCKGROUPNG 606\ Frequency F/G. 6C Fd FC Fb. Fa ve : y Frequency : -: r ". GROUP D FREQUENCY INTERLACED GROUPNG GROUP A y GROUPB GROUP C U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 7 of 18 5,754,650 ----------- v up as won to as on as as as as as as as an ap up as s is a l k as a U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 8 of 18 5,754,650 FIG. 8 -- 3O3 N/N spression S w u : 3OO S2 -- 3O2 U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 9 of 18 5,754,650 J ? 0 0 0 ! 0 "50/-/6. yndynO £7|| Z] NAS91I U.S. Patent 5,754,650 08Zpub‘LISFINIT e L C U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 11 of 18 5,754,650 dno.13)+NV0 U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 12 of 18 5,754,650 Phasor analysis sequence of 3 III. H channels in each group VERT CAL SYNC 7 AANAAN-II Phasor analysis A III sequence of 3 channels in each 109 F group 15 - Sync Sync. and data 1716 IZZZZZZZZYZZZZZ-1E. E. E. S. E. E-3 injection-analysisdetection. 19 Option) channel. 20 2. 26 ACTIVE VIDEO 27 FELD i Descrambling - Phasor analysis sequence of 3 III III channels in each group VERT CAL SYNC Phasor analysis A sequence of 3 channels in each 273270 RiP group Sync. and data a N N 8 r 2/ detection. 280 88 SSIS S-3 injection-analysis S Option pairs for one channel. }- Descrambling U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 13 of 18 5,754,650 F/G, 1.3a ISI33%I3 Frequency CHANNEL CHANNEL FIG. 13(b. 11g LEGEND: VTIDEO 1312is 30 MODULATOR INP C 3 : SCRAMBLER UTS isi S. 32 TME-BASEC GROUPA COERRECTOR f3 fo 33. FRAME SYNCHRONIZER f3f2 at is1311 tigeA isisk1312 GF C f3101310 GCC TO 1313 KCNY 1 3ff 13to 1 DISTRIBUTIONy GHS GROUPB - Sisis CONTROL NE assis GEN. GROUP C is LOCKREF. CLK PILOT COMB & PLOT GROUP D GENLOCK GENERATOR -tzeff-> 1312 1st P. 131o sG SSP ->3'ssiska Sisiosfice s -> 1313 J. U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 14 of 18 5,754,650 F/G, 14 TO FROM DISTRIBUTION COMBINED /N MODULATORS OUTPUT 72 MBZ. Y XLO W CLOCK CLK BROADBAND GROUP B COMB LO XLO COMB GENERATOR B GROUP D BROADBANDo XLO COMB COMB D GENERATOR ADDRESS CLK GENERATOR GENLOCK VDEO Fh w ar REFERENCE GENLOCK 15734 Hz U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 15 of 18 5,754,650 A/G. 15a FIG. 15b. NJECTED RF CARRIERS U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 16 of 18 5,754,650 F.G. 16 PCTURE COLOR DATA ADDR. LO BURST CONTROL LO U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 17 of 18 5,754,650 FIG. 1 7 FROM DISTRIBUTION TO CSN D- VZ(N S->SUBSCRIBER A DIGITAL BROADBAND GENERATOR l ANAYZE Grp Gup AN 17A TO V / W / SUBSCRBER B TO OTHERSUBSCRIBER UNTS U.S. Patent May 19, 1998 Sheet 18 of 18 5,754,650 pugºu?THJo <???????????????????~~~– GIALLOWI8IHOBICILA£IVNIL 5,754,650 1. 2 SMULTANEOUS MULTCHANNEL Sync suppression systems normally operate in one of two TELEVISION ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM ways: The first method, as in U.S. Pat. No. 3, 184537, is AND METHOD based on attenuating the modulated RF television signal during the HBI (and in some cases during the VBI as well) This is a continuation of Applicant's Parent Application 5 by a known fixed amount such as 6 dB. At the authorized filed on Apr. 25, 1994, Ser. No. 08/233,212 which issued as descrambler, the signalis descrambled by attenuating the RF U.S. Pat. No. 5.430,799, on Jul. 4, 1995; which was a received signal during the active video portion by the same continuation of Applicant's Grandparent Application filed known amount. This method is known as "RF sync sup Jan. 8, 1992; Ser. No. 07/818.752, now abandoned. pression" since the scrambling and descrambling processes FIELD OF THE INVENTION 10 occur at RF stages after the modulation process at the The present invention relates generally to television trans transmitter and before the demodulation process at the mission and receiving systems and more particularly to receiver, respectively. The second sync suppression method CATV or over-the-air multichannel systems wherein a plu is known as "baseband sync suppression" wherein a known rality of standard television signals are scrambled by sup gated offset level is added to the baseband video signal pression of normal synchronizing pulses or otherwise modi 15 during the HBI, thereby suppressing the horizontal synchro fied during the active video time and subsequently nizing signal. At the authorized descrambler, an equal offset selectively descrambled at authorized subscriber locations in level is subtracted from the demodulated video signal during a manner which simultaneously renders a plurality of autho the HBI, thereby restoring the horizontal synchronizing rized channels to be provided unscrambled to the subscrib signal levels to their normal values. An example of baseband er's television set. sync suppression system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,222,068. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Both prior art RF and baseband sync suppression In subscription television, or pay television, programming descrambling systems described above are typically accom signals of premium channels are typically transmitted in a plished by incorporating the timing and descrambling cir scrambled form so that unauthorized viewers, that is, view 25 cuitry with a television tuner and demodulator, often termed ers who do not pay to receive the specific programming, are a converter, that can cover the entire CATV band or over not able to view the transmitted signal on their television the-air channels used by the subscription television service receivers. Authorized viewers are provided with means to provider. In RF sync suppression systems, descrambling is descramble or decode the scrambled television signal and effected by gated attenuation at the IF stage of the converter usually such descrambling means are capable of being 30 or at its fixed RF output channel frequency such as TV selectively enabled to descramble specific channels. This channel 3 or 4. In baseband sync suppression systems. enablement can be done remotely by the service provider or descrambling is effected at the demodulated video stage of the CATV operator, by selective addressing of individual the converter and the resultant normal video signal is descrambling means associated with subscribers who paid to remodulated by means of a fixed frequency television modu receive the scrambled programming. 35 lator operating on channel 3 or 4. Thus, in both examples, A technique commonly used for television scrambling is the subscriber is equipped with a converter-descrambler that of sync-suppression wherein the RF level of the hori device capable of tuning and descrambling a single channel Zontal and vertical synchronizing pulses is suppressed to a at a time and converting it to channel 3 or 4 (output channel), level below that of the video so that the standard television whichever is unused by a local broadcast station.
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