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St James Anglican Church Statement of Heritage Impact

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St James Anglican Church Statement of Heritage Impact St James Anglican Church 17 Tank Street Morpeth NSW 2321 Statement of Heritage Impact Issue B | 27 March 2018 Nominated Architect: Linda BaBic, NSW ARB 6869, AIA PO Box 1078, Hamilton NSW 2303 ABN: 13 969 355 650 T | 0412 993 813 E | [email protected] W | heritas.com.au St James Anglican Church Statement of Heritage Impact 1 Introduction 1.1 Background This report represents an assessment of heritage impact for proposed alterations to the existing façade and internal porch of St James Anglican Church, 17 Tank Street, Morpeth. It was prepared by Linda Babic, B.Arch., M.Herit.Cons. for the Anglican Parish of Morpeth. The subject property lies within the Morpeth Heritage Conservation Area, and is an individually listed item of local significance under Schedule 5 of the Maitland Local Environmental Plan 2011 (LEP). The site is within the St James Group, which includes an adjacent rectory, and a hall on the opposite street corner. 1.2 Methodology This report has been undertaken in accordance with the requirements of the Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter (2000), and more specifically the guidelines for Statements of Heritage Impact as issued by the NSW Heritage Office (1996 & 2001). These guidelines note that a Statement of Heritage Impact should address the following issues: • Why the item is of heritage significance. • What impact the proposed work will have on that significance. • What measures are proposed to mitigate negative impacts. 1.3 Limitations and Constraints The drawings describing the proposed works are DA drawings only and as such do not fully detail the proposed works. 1.4 The Development Proposal The proposal is for modifications to the colour palette of the front tower façade. Alterations will also occur on the interior expanse of the porch as wall and floor surfaces are repainted and new timber joinery is installed. The existing dado rail will be removed and the wall in which it was fixed will be repaired. Damaged floor tiles on the porch will also be removed and replaced. Refer to attached drawings. 1.5 Document Status The current status and history of this document is described in the following taBle. Issue Date Notes/Revisions Issue A 20 November 2017 issued for OEH s60 Issue B 27 March 2018 OEH amendments Heritas 171057 p 1 Issue B | March 2018 St James Anglican Church Statement of Heritage Impact 2 History1 2.1 Morpeth - a brief overview Once covered in dense rainforest the Morpeth area was probably occupied by the Gringgai clan of the Wanaruah indigenous peoples who called it 'Illalaung'. It is known that the Wanaruah had trade and ceremonial links with the Kamilaroi people. They favoured goannas as a food source, covering larger animals in hot ashes and stuffing them with grass. They also adopted burning off practices as the new shoots which emerged after fire attracted kangaroos which they surrounded and killed with clubs and spears (du-rane) barbed with sharp stones. The first Europeans in the area were the party of Lt Col. Paterson who undertook an exploration of the Hunter River in 1801. Paterson named the locality Green Hills. The land here was granted in 1821 to Lt Edward Close, a veteran of the Napoleonic Wars, as a reward for service as Engineer of Public Works at Newcastle. The years from 1827-1830 saw Green Hills developing as a river port. However, the locality developed quickly after the arrival, in 1831, of the first paddle steamer (the Sophia Jane). It was soon a regular, along with the William IV, the first Australian-made, ocean-going paddle steamer. In 1832 the first proper wharf was erected and the first two inns were licensed. A proper road to Maitland was built by convict labour in 1833. Close subdivided the land with the first Batch of allotments sold in 1834. A private town was established which, at this time, took the name Morpeth which was originally the name of a town near Newcastle in England. Morpeth became the major port of the Hunter Valley and surrounding districts between 1832 and 1890 with a regular steamer service operating to Maitland, up to Paterson and down to Newcastle. An important trade, cultural, commercial and religious centre, much of the Hunter Valley's produce passed through its wharves en route to Newcastle and Sydney while most persons and goods headed from those centres into the valley and beyond also set foot on its wharves. Lt Close set up the first school in 1836, the year both Anglican and Catholic services commenced. A Catholic Church was built in 1836. The first post office opened in 1838. A steam mill was built in 1840 and a soap works in 1844. In the 1840s Caleb Soul, of Soul-Pattison pharmaceuticals, manufactured talcum powder and William Arnott, later of Arnott's biscuits, had a Bakery here. Their businesses were both located on the river side of Swan St, between Tank and Northumberland streets. The first national school opened in 1862, the year the population peaked at 1830. There were ten hotels in the town when it became a municipality in 1866. 2.1 St James Anglican Church - a brief overview At the top of the High Street is St James Anglican Church. The church represents the fulfilment of a vow made by Edward Close at the Battle of Albuera in 1811, during the Peninsular War, that he would build a house of worship if his life were spared. The foundation stone was laid in 1837 and the initial design was presumably Close's. It was consecrated in 1840. Only the tower remains of the original building. 1 The Background of Morpeth and of St James Anglican Church given here is taken directly from information provided By the Parish of Morpeth. A full history of the church, rectory and parish hall is currently Being prepared By Hunter History Consultants as part of a Conservation Management Plan, Being prepared By Heritas. Heritas 171057 p 2 Issue B | March 2018 St James Anglican Church Statement of Heritage Impact There is a memorial window to Close in the eastern wing, commissioned and funded in 1872 by the community in recognition of his services and largesse. Noted architect Edmund Blacket was employed in 1862 to extend the east end by the addition of a chancel and sanctuary. He inserted new cedar pews which still remain and he designed both a distinguished font and a stone pulpit. The latter, beautifully carved By D. Yeates of Maitland, is an exact replica of a pulpit built in 1280 for a Cistercian Abbey which had since become Beaulieu Parish Church where Bishop Tyrrell, who funded the extensions, had been rector. In 1874 J. Horbury Hunt, colonial Australia's most original and interesting architect, was commissioned to rebuild the nave after a fire. Under instructions to alter the character of the building as little as possible he subordinated his personal creativity. His major contribution is a fine and beautifully crafted hammer beam roof. Thus the tower was designed by Close, the chancel by Blacket and the nave by Horbury Hunt. And yet the building has a unified feel. The organ inside was built in 1877. Edward Close and John Howe, the leader of the first overland expedition into the Hunter (from Windsor to the Singleton area), are buried in the nearby cemetery. Standing outside the entryway of the church looking across Tank Street is a series of brush box trees planted in two rows in the early 1890s to form a walkway which connects the church to Closebourne House, (still standing), circa 1826 which became the residence of the various Bishops of Newcastle from 1848 to 1912. The fort of Newcastle had begun to grow, and the Great Northern Railway, which reached Maitland in 1857, initially bypassed Morpeth. Although the railway was extended to the outskirts of town in 1864 and to the wharves in 1870, the river had begun to silt up. The completion of the rail link between Newcastle and Sydney in 1889 sealed the fate of the river trade and the fortunes of Morpeth. Morpeth was formally amalgamated into the City of Maitland in 1969. It re-emerged in the late 1980s as a tourist attraction with the opening of small boutiques and gift shops. The brick columbarium behind the eastern end of the church was constructed in 1972. Heritas 171057 p 3 Issue B | March 2018 St James Anglican Church Statement of Heritage Impact 3 Existing Fabric 3.1 Context The church site is located on the western edge of the town development and faces the Closebourne House site. The immediate context is almost exclusively single storey residential development, however the commercial development of Swan Street is only one block north. Immediately to the north is the St James Parish Hall. The Morpeth cemetery is a short distance away to the south. Figure 1 The two images above show the immediate context of the church. At left, looking west, residential lots can be observed. At right, looking north, views are concealed by the surrounding vegetation. source: Google Earth 2017 3.2 Existing Landscape The landscape of the site is minimal, although several large trees in the grounds provide a tranquil setting for the stone church building. A few random shrub plantings dot the site, however there is a notable holly bush to the south of the chancel. The remainder of the grounds is turfed, with the eastern side of the lot remaining visually bounded by the Colorbond fence of the adjoining residential property. Figure 2 This stitched image shows the High Street landscape with the church at left, between the gravel driveway and the chancel.
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