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Translation: an Exploration of Stylistic Patterns in the Translations of Margaret Jull Costa and Peter Bush

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Translation: an Exploration of Stylistic Patterns in the Translations of Margaret Jull Costa and Peter Bush Style ¿»/Translation: An exploration of stylistic patterns in the translations of Margaret Jull Costa and Peter Bush Gabriela Saldanha Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Applied Language and Intercultural Studies Dublin City University Supervisor: Dr. Dorothy Kenny September 2005 I hereby certify that this material, which I now submit for assessment on the programme of study leading to the award of Doctor of Philosophy, is entirely my own work and has iiot been taken from the work of others save and to die extent that such work, has been cited and acknowledged within the text of my work. ID No.: 51169983 Date: 16lh September, 2005 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Working with Dorothy Kenny, my supervisor, has been a great privilege. I would like to thank her for her unfailing enthusiasm, her constant support, and her -invariably wise - advice. I would also like to thank the two translators whose work is investigated here, Margaret Jull Costa and Peter Bush, for their trust, their answers to my many questions and their valuable comments about my work. During my research I consulted with a number of colleagues at DCU and elsewhere, who also provided invaluable advice, among them: Christine Appel, Mona Baker, Eithne O’Connell, Minako O’Hagan and Carl Vogel. The help of Marion Winters, as a short and long distance office mate, and as a friend, has also been priceless. I would like to acknowledge the financial support of the School of Applied Language and Intercultural Studies, and I would like to thank the School and the Centre for Translation and Textual Studies for providing such a great environment for conducting research. I will never be able to thank Claire enough. Table of Contents List of Tables................................................................................................................... viii List of Abbreviations........................................................................................................ix A b str a c t..................................................................................................................................1 In tro d u ctio n .........................................................................................................................2 1 Corpus-based translation studies: from the universal to the in d ivid u al............................................................................................................................... 5 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 5 Corpus-based translation studies and the search for norms and regularities...... 6 Corpus-based translation studies................................................................................... 6 Laws, norms and universals of translation.................................................................. 8 Universal or individual preferences? Some corpus-based studies of normalisation and related tendencies......................................................................... 14 Normalisation of lexical creativity (Kenny 2001).................................................. 14 Normalising shifts of cohesion and word order (Munday 1998)...........................17 Fluency and patterns of repetition of fixed and semi-fixed lexical phrases (Baker 2004)............................................................................................................................18 Patterns in the use of split infinitives (Saldanha 2004)...........................................18 Corpus-based approaches to the study of the translator's style..............................22 Conclusion.......................................................................................................................... 28 2 T he translation o f style and the style of tran slation ...............................30 Introduction.......................................................................................................................30 Style and translation........................................................................................................ 30 The translation of style..................................................................................................31 Challenging originality.................................................................................................34 Challenging invisibility.................................................................................................36 The translator's voice....................................................................................................37 Re-conceptualising style in relation to translation.....................................................39 Monist, dualist and pluralist perspectives..................................................................40 Stylistic habits and rhetorical choices........................................................................ 44 The literary relevance of stylistic habits.....................................................................46 Stylistic habits and rhetorical choices in translation................................................49 The style of translation....................................................................................................51 Conclusion..........................................................................................................................56 3 Methodology: a data-driven approach to style........................................ 57 Introduction.......................................................................................................................57 What is a corpus?..................................................................................................... ......57 IV Corpus design................................................................................................................... 59 Theoretical considerations: representativeness and sampling strategies.............59 Practical considerations: time and text availability..................................................62 Structural mark-up, linguistic annotation and alignment......................................63 Design of CTMJC and CTPB........................................................................................65 Corpus building: data capture, editing, mark-up and alignment..........................68 Corpus analysis................................................................................................................ 71 Corpus-based and corpus-driven approaches............................................................71 Quantitative and qualitative approaches to data analysis....................................... 73 Data retrieval..................................................................................................................75 Basic statistics........................................................................................................... 75 Parallel concordances........................................................................................ ......77 Cross-tabulation.......................................................................................................78 Retrieval of foreign words........................................................................................ 81 Comparative data.......................................................................................................83 Analysis of interview data.............................................................................................. 84 Conclusion..........................................................................................................................85 4 The use of emphatic italics as a stylistic device in translations by M argaret Jull C o sta ..................................................................................................... 87 Introduction...................................................................................................................... 87 Why italics?.......................................................................................................................87 A typology of italics and quotation marks according to their functions............... 91 An overview of italics in CTMJC and CTPB............................................................. 97 Emphatic italics in CTMJC.........................................................................................101 A first look at the results............................................................................................ 101 The communicative function of emphatic italics....................................................102 A second look at the results.......................................................................................108 Remarks on narrative style and the use of emphatic italics................................. 115 Comparative data........................................................................................................117 Conclusion........................................................................................................................119 5 The use of foreign lexical items and explicitation in CTMJC and C T P B ................................................................................................................................. 122 Introduction...................................................................................................................
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