2018 | Expedition Report

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

2018 | Expedition Report 2018 | Expedition Report CCGS Amundsen LEG 1 BaySys LEG 2A Sentinel North BriGHT / BaySys LEG 2B Sentinel North PhD School & BOND LEG 2C Vulnerable Marine Ecosystem ROV Program / DFO / ArcticNet Frobisher & HiBio LEG 3 Kitikmeot / ArcticNet Amundsen Science Université Laval Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, room 4081 1045, avenue de la Médecine Québec, QC, G1V 0A6 CANADA www.amundsen.ulaval.ca Camille Wilhelmy Amundsen Expedition Reports Editor [email protected] Anissa Merzouk Amundsen Science Project Coordinator [email protected] Alexandre Forest Amundsen Science Executive Director [email protected] Table of Content LIST OF FIGURES VI LIST OF TABLES XIV PART I – OVERVIEW AND SYNOPSIS OF OPERATIONS 2 OVERVIEW OF THE 2018 AMUNDSEN EXPEDITION 2 Introduction 2 Regional settings 3 2018 Expedition Plan 4 LEG 1– 25 MAY TO 5 JULY 2018 – HUDSON BAY AND HUDSON STRAIT 6 Introduction 6 Synopsis of operations 7 Community Visits 12 Chief Scientist’s comments 13 LEG 2A – 5 JULY TO 13 JULY 2018 – HUDSON BAY AND HUDSON STRAIT 14 Introduction 14 Synopsis of operations 15 LEG 2B – 13 JULY TO 24 JULY 2018 – BAFFIN BAY, BAFFIN ISLAND COAST AND LABRADOR SEA 16 Introduction 16 Synopsis of operations 17 Chief Scientist’s comments 18 LEG 2C – 24 JULY TO 16 AUGUST 2018 – BAFFIN BAY, BAFFIN ISLAND COAST AND LABRADOR SEA 19 Introduction 19 Synopsis of operations 20 LEG 3 – 16 AUGUST TO 9 SEPTEMBER 2018 – BAFFIN BAY, BAFFIN ISLAND COAST AND QUEEN MAUD GULF 23 Introduction 23 Synopsis of operations 24 PART II – PROJECT REPORTS 27 CARBON EXCHANGE DYNAMICS, AIR-SURFACE FLUXES AND SURFACE CLIMATE – LEG 1 AND 2A 27 Introduction 27 Methodology 27 Preliminary Results 34 Comments and Recommendations 34 CLIMATE AND MARINE SYSTEM - SEA ICE – LEG 1 36 Introduction 36 Methodology 36 Preliminary Results 41 Comments and Recommendations 44 GLACIERS, ICEBERGS AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY – LEG 3 45 Introduction 45 Methodology 45 Preliminary results 55 SEABIRD AND MARINE MAMMAL SURVEYS – LEG 2C 56 i Introduction 56 Methodology 56 Preliminary results 57 BAYSYS MOORING OPERATIONS IN HUDSON BAY – LEG 1 59 Introduction 59 Methodology 61 Preliminary Results 65 ARCTICNET MOORING PROGRAM REPORT – LEGS 2C, 3 AND ONBOARD THE CCGS SIR WILFRID LAURIER 68 Introduction 68 Methodology 72 CTD-ROSETTE, LADCP AND UVP OPERATIONS – LEGS 0, 1, 2 AND 3 87 Introduction 87 Methodology 87 Preliminary Results 92 APPARENT AND INHERENT OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF OPEN AND ICE-COVERED HUDSON BAY IN RELATION TO PRIMARY PRODUCTION DYNAMICS AND DISTRIBUTION OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC MATTER, TRACING OF FRESHWATER AND RIVER PLUMES – LEG 1 AND 2A 95 Introduction 95 Methodology 97 Preliminary Results 104 Reference 106 FRESHWATER INFLUENCE ON MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES OF THE HUDSON BAY SYSTEM – LEGS 1 AND 2A 108 Introduction 108 Methodology 108 ZOOPLANKTON AND FISH ECOLOGY/ACOUSTICS– LEGS 1, 2 AND 3 110 Introduction 110 Methodology 111 Preliminary results 116 Acknowledgement 121 INTEGRATED STUDIES AND ECOSYSTEM CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LABRADOR SEA DEEP OCEAN – LEG 2C 122 Introduction 122 Methodology 124 Preliminary Results 150 Reference 152 PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS AND SIZE STRUCTURE – LEG 3 153 Introduction 153 Methodology 153 Preliminary Results 154 DEVELOPMENT OF A CSIA-AA BASED PROXY TO RECONSTRUCT PLANKTON COMMUNITY COMPOSITIONS IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN– LEG 2C 156 Introduction 156 Methodology 157 Reference 159 SPATIAL SURVEYS OF NET COMMUNITY PRODUCTION RATES AND PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS AND TAXONOMY – LEGS 2C AND 3 161 Introduction 161 Methodology 163 Preliminary Results 165 Reference 167 ii MARINE PRODUCTIVITY: CARBON AND NUTRIENTS FLUXES – LEGS 1, 2 AND 3 168 Introduction 168 Methodology 169 Reference 172 MICROBIAL AND GEOCHEMICAL BASELINES IN BAFFIN BAY AND THE LABRADOR SEA - LEG 2C 174 Introduction 174 Methodology 175 Acknowledgement 181 Reference 182 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF THE ARCTIC OCEAN – LEG 3 183 Introduction 183 Methodology 184 Preliminary results 185 Comments and Recommendations 187 ASSESSING MICROBIAL DIVERSITY IN THE CANADIAN ARCTIC USING MOLECULAR TOOLS – LEG 3 189 Introduction 189 Methodology 189 Comments and Recommendations 191 DAVIS STRAIT – BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OVER SPONGE BEDS AND COLD-WATER CORAL REEFS – LEG 2 192 Introduction 192 Methodology 193 Acknowledgement 196 ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROCARBON BACTERIA AND THEIR BIODEGRADATION POTENTIAL – LEG 1 197 Introduction 197 Methodology 197 Preliminary Results 199 BASELINE HYDROCARBON CONCENTRATION IN HUDSON BAY – LEG 1 200 Introduction 200 Methodology 200 MICROBIAL GENOMICS FOR OIL SPILL PREPAREDNESS IN CANADA’S ARCTIC MARINE ENVIRONMENT – LEGS 1 AND 2A 201 Introduction 201 Methodology 202 NORTHERN CONTAMINANTS PROGRAM; ASSESSING PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN THE CANADIAN ARCTIC – LEG 2A AND 3 206 Introduction 206 Methodology 206 Preliminary Results 211 MICROPLASTIC SAMPLING – LEG 2C 212 Introduction 212 Methodology 212 SAMPLING WATER FOR PESTICIDES ANALYSIS IN ARCTIC WATERS - LEG 3 214 Introduction 214 Methodology 215 Reference 215 SHIP DIESEL DEGRADATION BY MARINE MICROORGANISMS UNDER ARCTIC CONDITIONS (GENICE) – LEG 3 217 Introduction 217 Methodology 217 iii CONTRIBUTIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND HYDROELECTRIC REGULATION TO THE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE OF FRESHWATER-MARINE COUPLING IN THE HUDSON BAY SYSTEM – LEGS 1 AND 2A219 Introduction 219 Methodology 220 Reference 228 AGASSIZ TRAWL, BOX CORE AND ROSETTE SAMPLING FOR HBI AND STABLE ISOTOPE ANALYSIS– LEG 2C 230 Introduction 230 Methodology 230 BENTHIC BIODIVERSITY, BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTIVITY AND BIOGEOCHEMISTRY IN THE CHANGING CANADIAN ARCTIC – LEG 3 236 Introduction 236 Methodology 236 Preliminary Results 239 Acknowledgement 239 MACROFAUNA DIVERSITY ACROSS HUDSON BAY COMPLEX – LEGS 1 AND 2A 240 Introduction 240 Methodology 240 Acknowledgement 242 HIGH RESOLUTION SURVEY OF OCEANIC DIMETHYLSULFIDE IN CONTRASTED MARINE ENVIRONMENTS OF THE CANADIAN ARCTIC – LEG 2 243 Introduction 243 Methodology 243 Preliminary Results 243 Acknowledgment 244 SEABED MAPPING, MVP AND SUB-BOTTOM PROFILING – LEGS 1, 2 AND 3 245 Introduction 245 Methodology 246 Preliminary Results 247 Incidents 260 INTEGRATED MARINE GEOSCIENCE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN FROBISHER BAY, NUNAVUT – LEG 2C 263 Introduction 263 Methodology 265 Preliminary Results 269 Acknowledgement 276 Reference 276 U-TH DYNAMICS IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS, AND SILICON ISOTOPE DYNAMICS IN SPONGES OF THE EASTERN CANADIAN ARCTIC – LEG 2C 278 Introduction 278 Methodology 278 COLLECTING SEDIMENTARY RECORD AND DINOFLAGELLATE SAMPLES IN BAFFIN BAY – LEG 2C 282 Introduction 282 Methodology 282 Preliminary Results 285 Acknowledgement 292 COLLECTING SEDIMENTARY SEQUENCES FOR PALEOCLIMATE, PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES IN THE EASTERN CANADIAN ARCTIC ARCHIPELAGO AND BAFFIN BAY – LEG 3 293 Introduction 293 Methodology 293 Preliminary results 302 Acknowledgment 305 iv HIDDEN BIODIVERSITY AND VULNERABILITY OF HARD-BOTTOM AND SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENTS IN THE CANADIAN ARCTIC – LEG 2C 306 Introduction 306 Methodology 308 Preliminary Results 311 Operations 313 Conclusions 349 Acknowledgement 350 References 350 VULNERABLE MARINE ECOSYSTEMS OF THE NORTHERN LABRADOR SEA AND BAFFIN BAY: BIODIVERSITY, LONGEVITY, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, MICROBIOLOGY AND CONSERVATION – LEG 2C 351 Introduction 351 Methodology 354 Incidents 361 Preliminary Results 362 References 375 APPENDIX 1 – LIST OF STATIONS SAMPLED DURING THE 2018 AMUNDSEN EXPEDITION 376 APPENDIX 2 – SCIENTIFIC LOG OF ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED DURING THE 2018 AMUNDSEN EXPEDITION 379 APPENDIX 3 – CTD LOGBOOK FOR THE 2018 AMUNDSEN EXPEDITION 406 APPENDIX 4 – LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ON THE 2018 AMUNDSEN EXPEDITION 409 v List of Figures Part I – Overview and synopsis of operations Figure 2-1 Ship track and location of stations sampled by the CCGS Amundsen in support of BaySys program in the Hudson Bay during Leg 1 of the 2018 Expedition 6 Figure 2-2 Western Hudson Bay cruise track with all stations and remote tracks included. MODIS imagery overlay from 8 June – 14 June 2018 10 Figure 2-3 Nelson Estuary cruise track with all stations and remote tracks included. MODIS imagery overlay from June 18th 2018 12 Figure 3-1 Ship track and location of stations sampled by the CCGS Amundsen in support of Sentinel North BriGHT project in the Hudson Bay during Leg 2a of the 2018 Expedition 14 Figure 4-1 Ship track and location of stations sampled by the CCGS Amundsen in support of Sentinel North PhD School and BOND projects in the Baffin Bay during Leg 2b of the 2018 Expedition 16 Figure 5-1 Ship track and location of stations sampled by the CCGS Amundsen in support of the Vulnerable Marine Ecosystem ROV Program and the ArcticNet Program in the Labrador Sea and in Baffin Bay during Leg 2c of the 2018 Expedition 19 Figure 6-1 Ship track and location of stations sampled by the CCGS Amundsen in support of the Kitikmeot Marine Ecosystems Study and the ArcticNet Program in Queen Maud Gulf and in the Baffin Bay and the Beaufort Sea during Leg 3 of the 2018 Expedition 23 Figure 1-1 The radiation sensors and digital camera located above the wheelhouse of the Amundsen. 29 Figure 1-2 The metrological tower located on the foredeck of the Amundsen with EC flux system (inset). 30 Figure 1-3 The underway system located in the engine room of the Amundsen. 31 Figure 1-4 The FDOM underway system located in the engine room beside the ship TSG system.32 Figure 1-5 The underway optode / GTD (PIGI) system installed in the forward lab. 32 Figure 2-1 Laura Dalman measuring the ice temperature profile of an ice core 37 Figure 2-2 Ice beacon positions and sea ice concentration on June 24th, 2018 39 Figure 2-3 Photograph of the on-ice meteorological station setup 40 Figure 2-4 The surface portion of the ice-tethered mooring. There is a GPS tracker within the surface unit that allowed us to recover the unit after 6 days 41 Figure 2-5 Temperature (a) and salinity (b) profiles for ice floes sampled in northern Hudson Bay (03- Jun-18) and southern Hudson Bay (23-Jun-18) 41 Figure 2-6 Ice beacon 21 position and drift speed 42 Figure 2-7 Ice beacon 26 drift speed 43 Figure 2-8 Ice beacon 26 position and drift speed 43 Figure 3-1 Iceberg tracking beacons: (a) Rockstar Iridium and (b) Solara Iridium Photos: Abigail Dalton.
Recommended publications
  • Canadian Arctic Through-Flow 2012 Cruise to Nares Strait
    Canadian Arctic Through-flow 2012 Cruise to Nares Strait CCGS Henry Larsen August 2-17, 2012 Institute of Ocean Sciences Cruise 2012-20 Humfrey Melling – Chief Scientist Fisheries & Oceans Canada Collaborating Institutions: Institute of Ocean Sciences, University of Delaware, Oxford University, Danish Technical University, Scottish Association for Marine Science 1 Cover photo, courtesy of Jason Box: View looking south across the Petermann ice shelf towards Joe Island, Kennedy Channel and Ellesmere Island at the horizon. Note the small ice-shelf fragments in the foreground and cracks within the protruding lobe of the ice . The photograph taken in 2009, before the large ice islands calved from the shelf in August 2010 and again in July 2012. 2 Report on the Scientific Cruise of CCGS Henry Larsen, August 2012 Canadian Arctic Through-flow CCGS Henry Larsen in Nares Strait August 2-17, 2012 Overview The Canadian Arctic Through-flow (CAT) study embodies ten years’ effort within Canada and the international community to measure flows of seawater and ice through the Canadian Archipelago, between the Arctic and the Atlantic Oceans. CATs is the outgrowth of a pilot effort, the Arctic Canada Watch, established in 1997. Moorings enabling year-round measurements were first placed in western Lancaster Sound and Cardigan Strait in 1998. These carried instruments to measure current, temperature and salinity and utilized innovations to address the unique challenges of observing: 1) current direction near the geomagnetic pole; 2) salinity within the hazardous 30-m zone beneath drifting ice pack. These early installations have been maintained and augmented since 1998. In 2003, a large array of instruments was installed across the third principal path for Canadian Arctic through-flow, Nares Strait.
    [Show full text]
  • Paleocene Alkaline Volcanism in the Nares Strait Region Related to Strike-Slip Tectonics
    Paleocene Alkaline Volcanism in the Nares Strait Region Related to Strike-slip Tectonics Solveig Estrada & Detlef Damaske Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, Germany ([email protected]) The tectonic development of the North Atlantic, the Labrador Sea/Baffin Bay and the Eurasian Basin of Arctic Ocean led to relative movements between the Greenland Plate and the North American Plate. There has been a debate for many years, whether the Nares Strait between northwest Greenland and Ellesmere Island marks an ancient plate boundary in terms of a left-lateral transform fault (Wegener Fault) or whether there was no movement between Greenland and Ellesmere Island at all. New data were acquired during joint German-Canadian geological field work on northeast Ellesmere Island 1998-2000 (Mayr 2008), followed in 2001 by a geoscience cruise in Nares Strait (Tessensohn et al. 2006). Indications for sinistral strike-slip movements followed by compressive tectonics were found at the western margin of northern Nares Strait (Saalmann et al. 2005). Paleogene basins on Judge Daly Promontory, northeast Ellesmere Island, are bounded by a complex pattern of strike-slip and thrust faults. The clastic sediments in the basins are rich in volcanogenic material. Volcanic pebbles within the Cape Back basin near Nares Strait are derived from lava flows and ignimbrites of a continental rift-related, strongly differentiated, highly incompatible element enriched, alkaline volcanic suite (Estrada et al. 2009). 40Ar/39Ar amphibole and alkali feldspar ages indicate that volcanism was active around 61–58 Ma and was probably contemporaneous with sedimentation within the Paleogene pull-apart basins on Judge Daly Promontory formed by sinistral strike-slip tectonics parallel to the present-day Nares Strait.
    [Show full text]
  • Seismic Reflection Profiles from Kane to Hall Basin, Nares Strait: Evidence for Faulting
    Polarforschung 74 (1-3), 21 – 39, 2004 (erschienen 2006) Seismic Reflection Profiles from Kane to Hall Basin, Nares Strait: Evidence for Faulting by H. Ruth Jackson1, Tim Hannon1, Sönke Neben2, Karsten Piepjohn2 and Tom Brent3 Abstract: Three major tectonic boundaries are predicted to be present beneath durch eine folgende kompressive Phase reaktiviert wurde. Als Arbeitshypo- the waters of this segment of Nares Strait: (1) the orogenic front of the Paleo- these fassen wir die oberflächennahen Teile dieses Systems als Stirn der Plat- zoic Ellesmerian Foldbelt between thrust sheets on Ellesmere Island and flat- tengrenze zwischen Nordamerika und Grönland auf. lying foreland rocks on Greenland, (2) the supposed sinistral strike-slip plate boundary of Paleocene age between the Ellemere Island section of the North America plate and the Greenland plate, and (3) the orogenic front of the Eocene to Oligocene Eurekan Foldbelt that must lie between thrust tectonics INTRODUCTION on Ellesmere Island and undeformed rocks of Greenland. To understand this complicated situation and to look for direct evidence of the plate boundary, The Late Cretaceous and Tertiary deformation on Ellesmere new seismic reflection profiles were collected and, together with industry data in the south, interpreted. The profiles are clustered in three areas controlled by Island (Fig. 1) called the Eurekan Orogeny has been attributed the distribution of the sea ice. Bathymetry is used to extrapolate seismic to the counter clockwise rotation of Greenland (e.g., OKULITCH features with a topographic expression between the regions. Based on high- & TRETTIN 1991). However reconciling the geology on oppo- resolution boomer and deeper penetration airgun profiles five seismic units are mapped.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Cruise Report: Mission HLY031
    Research Cruise Report: Mission HLY031 Conducted aboard USCGC Healy In Northern Baffi n Bay and Nares Strait 21 July –16 August 2003 Project Title: Variability and Forcing of Fluxes through Nares Strait and Jones Sound: A Freshwater Emphasis Sponsored by the US National Science Foundation, Offi ce of Polar Programs, Arctic Division Table of Contents Introduction by Chief Scientist . 4 Science Program Summary . 6 Science Party List . 7 Crew List . 8 Science Component Reports CTD-Rosette Hydrography . 9 Internally recording CTD . 29 Kennedy Channel Moorings . 33 Pressure Array . 41 Shipboard ADCP . 47 Bi-valve Retrieval . 51 Coring . 55 Seabeam Mapping . 65 Aviation Science Report . 71 Ice Report . 79 Weather Summary . 91 Inuit Perspective . 95 Photojournalist Perspective . 101. Website Log . 105 Chief Scientist Log . 111 Recommendations . .125 Introduction Dr. Kelly Kenison Falkner Chief Scientist Oregon State University In the very early hours of July 17, 2003, I arrived at collected via the ship’s Seabeam system and the underway the USCGC Healy moored at the fueling pier in St. John’s thermosalinograph system was put to good use throughout Newfoundland, Canada to assume my role as chief scientist much of the cruise. for an ambitious interdisciplinary mission to Northern Part of our success can be attributed to luck with Mother Baffi n Bay and Nares St. This research cruise constitutes Nature. Winds and ice worked largely in our favor as we the inaugural fi eld program of a fi ve year collaborative wound our way northward. Our winds were generally research program entitled Variability and Forcing of moderate and out of the south and the ice normal to light.
    [Show full text]
  • Updated Checklist of Marine Fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the Proposed Extension of the Portuguese Continental Shelf
    European Journal of Taxonomy 73: 1-73 ISSN 2118-9773 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2014.73 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2014 · Carneiro M. et al. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Monograph urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9A5F217D-8E7B-448A-9CAB-2CCC9CC6F857 Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf Miguel CARNEIRO1,5, Rogélia MARTINS2,6, Monica LANDI*,3,7 & Filipe O. COSTA4,8 1,2 DIV-RP (Modelling and Management Fishery Resources Division), Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. Brasilia 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 3,4 CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] * corresponding author: [email protected] 5 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:90A98A50-327E-4648-9DCE-75709C7A2472 6 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:1EB6DE00-9E91-407C-B7C4-34F31F29FD88 7 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:6D3AC760-77F2-4CFA-B5C7-665CB07F4CEB 8 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:48E53CF3-71C8-403C-BECD-10B20B3C15B4 Abstract. The study of the Portuguese marine ichthyofauna has a long historical tradition, rooted back in the 18th Century. Here we present an annotated checklist of the marine fishes from Portuguese waters, including the area encompassed by the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf and the Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ). The list is based on historical literature records and taxon occurrence data obtained from natural history collections, together with new revisions and occurrences.
    [Show full text]
  • Re-Evaluation of Strike-Slip Displacements Along and Bordering Nares Strait
    Polarforschung 74 (1-3), 129 – 160, 2004 (erschienen 2006) In Search of the Wegener Fault: Re-Evaluation of Strike-Slip Displacements Along and Bordering Nares Strait by J. Christopher Harrison1 Abstract: A total of 28 geological-geophysical markers are identified that lich der Bache Peninsula und Linksseitenverschiebungen am Judge-Daly- relate to the question of strike slip motions along and bordering Nares Strait. Störungssystem (70 km) und schließlich die S-, später SW-gerichtete Eight of the twelve markers, located within the Phanerozoic orogen of Kompression des Sverdrup-Beckens (100 + 35 km). Die spätere Deformation Kennedy Channel – Robeson Channel region, permit between 65 and 75 km wird auf die Rotation (entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn) und ausweichende West- of sinistral offset on the Judge Daly Fault System (JDFS). In contrast, eight of drift eines semi-rigiden nördlichen Ellesmere-Blocks während der Kollision nine markers located in Kane Basin, Smith Sound and northern Baffin Bay mit der Grönlandplatte zurückgeführt. indicate no lateral displacement at all. Especially convincing is evidence, presented by DAMASKE & OAKEY (2006), that at least one basic dyke of Neoproterozoic age extends across Smith Sound from Inglefield Land to inshore eastern Ellesmere Island without any recognizable strike slip offset. INTRODUCTION These results confirm that no major sinistral fault exists in southern Nares Strait. It is apparent to both earth scientists and the general public To account for the absence of a Wegener Fault in most parts of Nares Strait, that the shape of both coastlines and continental margins of the present paper would locate the late Paleocene-Eocene Greenland plate boundary on an interconnected system of faults that are 1) traced through western Greenland and eastern Arctic Canada provide for a Jones Sound in the south, 2) lie between the Eurekan Orogen and the Precam- satisfactory restoration of the opposing lands.
    [Show full text]
  • Measuring the Velocity Field from Type Ia Supernovae in an LSST-Like Sky
    Prepared for submission to JCAP Measuring the velocity field from type Ia supernovae in an LSST-like sky survey Io Odderskov,a Steen Hannestada aDepartment of Physics and Astronomy University of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade, Aarhus C, Denmark E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. In a few years, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope will vastly increase the number of type Ia supernovae observed in the local universe. This will allow for a precise mapping of the velocity field and, since the source of peculiar velocities is variations in the density field, cosmological parameters related to the matter distribution can subsequently be extracted from the velocity power spectrum. One way to quantify this is through the angular power spectrum of radial peculiar velocities on spheres at different redshifts. We investigate how well this observable can be measured, despite the problems caused by areas with no information. To obtain a realistic distribution of supernovae, we create mock supernova catalogs by using a semi-analytical code for galaxy formation on the merger trees extracted from N-body simulations. We measure the cosmic variance in the velocity power spectrum by repeating the procedure many times for differently located observers, and vary several aspects of the analysis, such as the observer environment, to see how this affects the measurements. Our results confirm the findings from earlier studies regarding the precision with which the angular velocity power spectrum can be determined in the near future. This level of precision has been found to imply, that the angular velocity power spectrum from type Ia supernovae is competitive in its potential to measure parameters such as σ8.
    [Show full text]
  • JOURNAL Number Six
    THE JAMES CAIRD SOCIETY JOURNAL Number Six Antarctic Exploration Sir Ernest Shackleton MARCH 2012 1 Shackleton and a friend (Oliver Locker Lampson) in Cromer, c.1910. Image courtesy of Cromer Museum. 2 The James Caird Society Journal – Number Six March 2012 The Centennial season has arrived. Having celebrated Shackleton’s British Antarctic (Nimrod) Expedition, courtesy of the ‘Matrix Shackleton Centenary Expedition’, in 2008/9, we now turn our attention to the events of 1910/12. This was a period when 3 very extraordinary and ambitious men (Amundsen, Scott and Mawson) headed south, to a mixture of acclaim and tragedy. A little later (in 2014) we will be celebrating Sir Ernest’s ‘crowning glory’ –the Centenary of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic (Endurance) Expedition 1914/17. Shackleton failed in his main objective (to be the first to cross from one side of Antarctica to the other). He even failed to commence his land journey from the Weddell Sea coast to Ross Island. However, the rescue of his entire team from the ice and extreme cold (made possible by the remarkable voyage of the James Caird and the first crossing of South Georgia’s interior) was a remarkable feat and is the reason why most of us revere our polar hero and choose to be members of this Society. For all the alleged shenanigans between Scott and Shackleton, it would be a travesty if ‘Number Six’ failed to honour Captain Scott’s remarkable achievements - in particular, the important geographical and scientific work carried out on the Discovery and Terra Nova expeditions (1901-3 and 1910-12 respectively).
    [Show full text]
  • April 1999 the Albuquerque Astronomical Society News Letter
    Back to List of Newsletters April 1999 This special HTML version of our newsletter contains most of the information published in the "real" Sidereal Times . All information is copyrighted by TAAS. Permission for other amateur astronomy associations is granted provided proper credit is given. Table of Contents Departments Calendars o Calendar of Events for May1999 o Calendar of Events for June 1999 Lead Story: Beth Fernandez is National Young Astronomer Presidents Update Constellation TAAS The Board Meeting Observatory Committee Last Month's General Meeting Recap Next General Meeting Observer's Page What's Up for May Ask the Experts: How can I measure the focal length of my mirror accurately? The Kids' Corner ATM Corner Star Myths UNM Campus Observatory Report Docent News Astronomy 101 Astronomical Computing Internet Info Chaco Canyon Observatory Trivia Question Letters to the Editor Classified Ads Feature Stories Oak Flat Astronomy Day '99 Space Day '99 We need Eyepieces!!! 1999 Broline Science Fair Awards Please note: TAAS offers a Safety Escort Service to those attending monthly meetings on the UNM campus. Please contact the President or any board member during social hour after the meeting if you wish assistance, and a Society member will happily accompany you to your car. Calendars Calendar Images May Calendar o GIF version (~67K) o PDF version (~46K) June Calendar o GIF version (~44K) o PDF version (~46K) TAAS Calendar page May 1999 1 Sat * General Meeting, 7 pm, Regener Hall Mars nearest to Earth (.578 au at noon) 2 Sun Moon at apogee 63.7 earth-radii at 1 am 3 Mon * Alamosa Elementary School 4 Tue 5 Wed Venus becomes nearer than 1 au to Earth (8 am) 6 Thu Neptune stationary in RA (3 pm).
    [Show full text]
  • A Link to the Report Hv 2021-22
    HV 2021-22 ISSN 2298-9137 HAF- OG VATNARANNSÓKNIR MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH IN ICELAND Sampling for the MEESO project during the International Ecosystem Summer Survey in Nordic Seas on the R/V Arni Fridriksson in July 2020 Ástþór Gíslason, Klara Jakobsdóttir, Kristinn Guðmundsson, Svanhildur Egilsdóttir, Teresa Silva HAFNARFJÖRÐUR - MAÍ 2021 Sampling for the MEESO project during the International Ecosystem Summer Survey in Nordic Seas on the R/V Arni Fridriksson in July 2020 Ástþór Gíslason, Klara Jakobsdóttir, Kristinn Guðmundsson, Svanhildur Egilsdóttir, Teresa Silva Haf‐ og vatnarannsóknir Marine and Freshwater Research in Iceland Upplýsingablað Titill: Sampling for the MEESO project during the International Ecosystem Summer Survey in Nordic Seas on the R/V Arni Fridriksson in July 2020 Höfundar: Ástþór Gíslason, Klara Jakobsdóttir, Kristinn Guðmundsson, Svanhildur Egilsdóttir, Teresa Silva Skýrsla nr: Verkefnisstjóri: Verknúmer: HV‐2021‐22 Ástþór Gíslason 12471 ISSN Fjöldi síðna: Útgáfudagur: 2298‐9137 26 7. maí 2021 Unnið fyrir: Dreifing: Yfirfarið af: Hafrannsóknastofnun Opin Anna Heiða Ólafsdóttir Ágrip Gagnasöfnun fyrir alþjóðlegt rannsóknaverkefni um lífríki miðsjávarlaga (MEESO), sem styrkt er af Evrópusambandinu, fór fram í rannsóknaleiðangri Hafrannsóknastofnunar á uppsjávarvistkerfi norðurhafa að sumarlagi sumarið 2020. Tilgangurinn var að rannsaka magn, dreifingu og samsetningu miðsjávarfánu í tengslum við umhverfisþætti og vöxt og viðgang plöntsvifs. Meginsvæði rannsóknarinnar fylgdi sniði sem liggur nokkurn veginn eftir 61°50’N‐breiddarbaug, frá 38°49’V og að 16°05’V, þ.e. frá Grænlandshafi yfir Reykjaneshrygg og inn í Suðurdjúp, sem og á stöð í Grindavíkurdýpi. Eftir endilöngu sniðinu var u.þ.b. 50 m þykkt blöndunarlag sem svifgróður virtist dafna í. Samkvæmt bergmálsmælingum voru tvö meginlög miðsjávarlífvera.
    [Show full text]
  • Cetin KESKIN 1* and Lütfiye ERYILMAZ 2
    ACTA ICHTHYOLOGICA ET PISCATORIA (2010) 40 (1): 79–81 DOI: 10.3750/AIP2010.40.1.12 EASTERNMOST RECORD OF THE LANCET FISH, NOTOSCOPELUS KROYERI (ACTINOPTERYGII: MYCTOPHIFORMES: MYCTOPHIDAE), IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA Cetin KESKIN 1* and Lütfiye ERYILMAZ 2 1 Department of Marine Biology, Fisheries Faculty, Istanbul University, 2 Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Istanbul University Istanbul, Turkey Keskin C., Eryilmaz L. 2010. Easternmost record of the lancet fish, Notoscopelus kroyeri (Actinopterygii: Myctophiformes: Myctophidae) , in the Mediterranean Sea. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 40 (1): 79–81. Abstract. One specimen of lancet fish, Notoscopelus kroyeri (Malm, 1861), was collected in March 2007 by commercial bottom trawl in the Aegean Sea. This record consists the easternmost record of lancet fish in the Mediterranean Sea. Morphometric and meristic characteristics of this species are given. Keywords: Notoscopelus kroyeri, lancet fish, Myctophidae, first record, deep-sea fish, easternmost Mediterranean Sea The Lancet fish, Notoscopelus kroyeri (Malm, 1861), is N. elongatus (Costa, 1844); N. kroyeri (Malm, 1861); and a species of the family Myctophidae. This family includes N. resplendens (Richardson, 1845). N. kroyeri is a about 32 genera with at least 240 species (Nelson 2006). Five mesopelagic species found in depths ranging from 325 m species are recognized in the genus Notoscopelus in the North- to deeper than 1000 m. During the day, it is nyc- eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean (Hulley 1984): N. boli- toepipelagic at surface and down to 125 m (maximum ni Nafpaktitis, 1975; N. caudispinosus (Johnson, 1863); abundance at 0–40 m) (Hulley 1984). Fig. 1. Museum records of Notoscopelus kroyeri in the Mediterranean Sea (■) by Froese and Pauly (2009), and sam- pling location in the present study ( ) * Correspondence: Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • High-Accuracy Guide Star Catalogue Generation with a Machine Learning Classification Algorithm
    sensors Article High-Accuracy Guide Star Catalogue Generation with a Machine Learning Classification Algorithm Jianming Zhang , Junxiang Lian *, Zhaoxiang Yi , Shuwang Yang and Ying Shan MOE Key Laboratory of TianQin Mission, TianQin Research Center for Gravitational Physics & School of Physics and Astronomy, Frontiers Science Center for TianQin, CNSA Research Center for Gravitational Waves, Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhuhai Campus), Zhuhai 519082, China; [email protected] (J.Z.); [email protected] (Z.Y.); [email protected] (S.Y.); [email protected] (Y.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-0756-3668932 Abstract: In order to detect gravitational waves and characterise their sources, three laser links were constructed with three identical satellites, such that interferometric measurements for scientific experiments can be carried out. The attitude of the spacecraft in the initial phase of laser link docking is provided by a star sensor (SSR) onboard the satellite. If the attitude measurement capacity of the SSR is improved, the efficiency of establishing laser linking can be elevated. An important technology for satellite attitude determination using SSRs is star identification. At present, a guide star catalogue (GSC) is the only basis for realising this. Hence, a method for improving the GSC, in terms of storage, completeness, and uniformity, is studied in this paper. First, the relationship between star numbers in the field of view (FOV) of a staring SSR, together with the noise equivalent angle (NEA) of the SSR—which determines the accuracy of the SSR—is discussed. Then, according to the relationship between the number of stars (NOS) in the FOV, the brightness of the stars, and the size of the FOV, two constraints are used to select stars in the SAO GSC.
    [Show full text]