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Review of the Techno-Economic Performance of the Main Global fishing fleets Cover Photographs: Map No FAO ISSN 2070-7010 FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE TECHNICAL PAPER 654 Review of the techno-economic performance of the main global fishing fleets Cover photographs: Map No. 4170 Rev. 18.1.© United Nations. February 2020. Top: © NISEA. Left: © Seafish, A Steiner and Negocios Pesqueros Aaron Eirl. Bottom: © Subpesca and Y. S. Yadava. Right: © NISEA, L. Song, and J.Bae. FAO FISHERIES AND Review of the techno-economic AQUACULTURE TECHNICAL performance of the main global PAPER fishing fleets 654 by Raymon van Anrooy Fishing Technology and Operations Team Fisheries Division Rome, Italy Natacha Carvalho European Commission Joint Research Centre Ispra, Italy Andrew Kitts National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Woods Hole, United States of America Rajdeep Mukherjee Bay of Bengal Programme Inter-Governmental Organisation Chennai, India Sjef van Eijs Fisheries consultant Panamá City, Panamá David Japp Capricorn Marine Environmental Cape Town, South Africa Soulèye Ndao Directorate of Fisheries Processing Industries Dakar, Senegal FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2021 Required citation: Van Anrooy, R., Carvalho, N., Kitts, A., Mukherjee, R., Van Eijs, S., Japp, D. and Ndao, S. 2021. Review of the techno- economic performance of the main global fishing fleets. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 654. Rome, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb4900en The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. ISSN 2070-7010 [Print] ISSN 2664-5408 [Online] ISBN 978-92-5-134470-5 © FAO, 2021 Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/legalcode). Under the terms of this licence, this work may be copied, redistributed and adapted for non-commercial purposes, provided that the work is appropriately cited. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that FAO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the FAO logo is not permitted. If the work is adapted, then it must be licensed under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If a translation of this work is created, it must include the following disclaimer along with the required citation: “This translation was not created by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original [Language] edition shall be the authoritative edition.” Disputes arising under the licence that cannot be settled amicably will be resolved by mediation and arbitration as described in Article 8 of the licence except as otherwise provided herein. The applicable mediation rules will be the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules and any arbitration will be conducted in accordance with the Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL). Third-party materials. Users wishing to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, are responsible for determining whether permission is needed for that reuse and for obtaining permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. Sales, rights and licensing. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through [email protected]. Requests for commercial use should be submitted via: www.fao.org/contact- us/licence-request. Queries regarding rights and licensing should be submitted to: [email protected]. iii Preparation of this document This review of the techno-economic performance of the main global fishing fleets was prepared in 2019–2021 by Raymon van Anrooy of the FAO Fisheries Division, Natacha Carvalho of the European Commission Joint Research Centre, Andrew Kitts of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Rajdeep Mukherjee of the BOBP-IGO, and Sjef van Eijs, Fisheries Consultant. The national report of South Africa was written by David Japp of Capricorn Marine Environmental, Cape Town, South Africa. The national report of Senegal was written by Soulèye Ndao, with assistance from Modou Mbengue and Ablaye Ndepp Sene of the Ministry of Fisheries and Maritime Economy, with support from Mamadou Ndiaye and Mamadou Faye in Dakar, Senegal. This document provides a synthesis of technical, economic and financial information from 20 national reports describing the main marine capture fisheries fleets of Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, China, Denmark, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Norway, the Republic of Korea, Peru, Senegal, South Africa, Spain, Turkey, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America. Eighteen of these national reports were published in 2020 in regional techno-economic performance reviews of selected fishing fleets in Europe, North and South America, and Asia. The national reports of Senegal and South Africa can be found in this global review. The information presented in this review is partly based on annual data and information collection programmes conducted by fisheries agencies in Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Norway, the Republic of Korea, Spain, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America. Most of the information on the fleet segments in these countries refers to the years 2016–2017. The information presented on fishing fleet segments from Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, China, India, Indonesia, Peru, Senegal, South Africa and Turkey refers to the years 2018–2019 and was largely collected through field surveys undertaken by the authors of the national reports. The methodology for conducting the national review studies was discussed and agreed at the FAO/BOBP-IGO Expert Meeting on Methodologies for Conducting Fishing Fleet Techno-economic Performance Reviews, held in Chennai, India on 18–20 September 2018 (FAO, 2019). Following the preparation of the draft national review studies in 2019, an expert meeting to validate the outcomes and finalize the techno-economic performance review of the main global fishing fleets was held at FAO headquarters in Rome, Italy on 8–10 October 2019. This expert meeting considered it important to prepare not only a global review, but also to publish the national review reports within regional studies. This global review should therefore be read in conjunction with the regional review reports on the fishing fleets in Europe, North and South America, and Asia, which were published in 2020. The fishing vessel and fleet segment information on which this document is based was validated by national report authors with fishing vessel owners/operators, fisheries authorities and other stakeholders in the countries concerned. The preparatory process for the national fleet reports was coordinated and facilitated by Rajdeep Mukherjee of the BOBP-IGO. This publication was edited by Edward Fortes, with formatting and design assistance provided by María Eugenia Escobar, Magda Morales and Marianne Guyonnet of the FAO Fisheries Division. iv Abstract This review of the techno-economic performance of the main global fishing fleets discusses the outcomes from 20 country-level studies of fishing fleets from Africa, Asia, Europe, North and South America. The review includes financial, socio-economic and technical information from 103 major fishing fleet segments, representing approximately 240 000 fishing vessels. Taken as a whole, these fleets are responsible for an estimated 39 percent of marine capture fisheries production worldwide. The fleets reviewed include 41 segments of bottom trawlers, 18 segments of purse seiners, 10 segments of longliners, 6 segments of pelagic trawlers, 4 segments each of gillnetters and squid jiggers, as well as fleet segments consisting of cast netters, stownetters, pole-and-line vessels, pot and trap vessels, dredgers, passive gear vessels and handliners. The analysis of vessel characteristics reveals that there are substantial differences in fishing capacity (in terms of vessel length, tonnage and power) between fleet segments. Comparing 16 fleet segments that were also described in a previous review in 2000, an increase in the gross tonnage of individual average vessels was observed in all of these fleet segments. Moreover, substantial increases in overall average length and engine power were observed in several Asian fishing fleets. The age structure of the fishing fleets of (semi-) industrial fishing vessels in North and South America, Africa and
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