4'1 [$3.00 a Year

[Entered at the·P08t Oflll<eNew of York, N. Y., as Second Class matter. Copyright, 1895, byMnnn & Co.] JOURNAL PRACTICAL INFORMATION, SCIENCE, MECHANICS, CHEMISTRY, MANUFACTURES. A WEEKljY OF ART, AND Vol. LXXII.-No. WEEKLY.A YEAR. ESTABLISHED 1845. 4'1. NEW YORK, JANUARY 26,1895 [$3.00 tHE BOULEVARD LAFAYETTE NEW YORK CItY-VIEWS FROM DIFFERENT POINTS ON tHE BOULEVARD-BmD'S EYE VIEW OF tHE BOULEVARD AND CONNECTIONS.-[See page 58.] © 1895 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC. so J'titutifit �mtti'Ju. LJ ANUARY 26, 1895. AMERICAN FIREARMS IN GERMANY. object principally sought. But in the case just spoken The German governlllent is celebrated for its care of, the patent had expired and damages were sought Jtitntifit �mttitan. of its peuple. Its laws are enacted and applied to the for infringements committed during its life. Such ESTABLISHED 1.845. conservation of t.he health and lives uf the populace, actions are generally regarded as of little value to any whether threatened by impure foods or other causes. one except the lawyers and masters or referees, and MUNN & CO., Editors and Proprietors. Sometimes the German laws affect the importation of hence are seldom brought. PUBLISHED WEEKLY AT American guods. The German inspection of the smaller class of firearllls has operated to completely The Telautojtl'aph No. a61 llIWADWAY, NEW YORK. In Europe. prevent the sale of American guns. From private ad vices received in Chicago, the West.. o. D. MU��. A. E. BEACH. The Germardaws provide for the proving by actual ern Electrician learns that the long-expected test of firing test of all firearms exposed for sale in that coun· Gray's telautograph over the long-distance telephone 'r":H.U� AillERICAf\. F()I: '['liE ",CIESTIFIC try. The law passed in 1891 states that the barrels line between Pa.ris and London came off on the night One copy, one year, for the S.,_Canada or Mexico ..... ............. One copy, six months, for theU. Canada or lolexico 53 00 and locks must be tested in offieial testing establish of December 15, and resulted in a great success. The One coPY,one year,to any fOl'eigllcoulltryU. :S., beionginlltoPostal.•...... Union..•••..•• 1 �O Remit hy po�tal or eXpre!!l8money oruer. or by bank draft or cheCK. ,IOU CO., Broadway, corner of fI'rsuklin:Street, York. ments, and if approveu must be stamped. The law Iiue is under the control of the French and English MUS.:'oi.v 3til NAW rlescribes the testing, which, according to circum governments, and us no newspaper IHen were present, - �dt'lItific III II �lIppJelllent 'I'h .. A t-nell !'tances, com;ists in a single or a double shooting trial. no publicity has heretofore been given to this interest a distinct pape-rfrom the S(,IE�TIFI(, Al\-IEH1CAX. '!'HE 8LJPPJ.JEMEN'!' is e e a u Any parts of the ing and important event. �ii�'S (�:�,;.��:·(. f��I{I�1��.b '1,;�� }8 s�b��;8ci�i�; �to:�� e pie('e which fail to stand the trial are r orE destroyed by bping sawed into or by being broken up. Some delay at the outset was caused by a broken �·�fi.i�;t�I(�l�jir��o ��:rtl�[ l�le�\i.�le �;�i� YiJLs c��t: g� b a lj ih�"ut O e s, The iaw admits as valid the pl'Oof marks of the Bel wire at the Paris end, but after this was remedied the ��!!I�l�r;�g:i lt�� t��'��,�� A�{�g�s� i�:d � will be �ent for one year, to onetl�t��l:�!}ty· addres� in ('a:,ada J��or llexi3��ico E�T on gian government" proof house," and also the proof tel autograph re prel.'entatives wrote back and forth for forei�Ils cQulltri es U.within S .• Postal LJnion ��fst(��d.Sfif1��!��'ye eight marks of the Gun Makers' Company, of London, and an hour and a half without any trouble. The French nllilclill� Edition. of tlH' Birmingham" proof house." The effect is that government was represented by three engineers, who AUGH.JTt;CTS A:Su BUILHERS JnHT10X OF SC)E�Tn'JC AMEIU American guns are practically excluded from the Ger were delighted with the result. The distance over l'H.E a large and splendi� ill�J;ltrated periodical,THE issued monthly, con.. CA�.lStai:r;nnJZ floor p ans, pel'�pectlvp'Views, and sheet� of constructive details man market. To �e('U1'e admission the trade should whil'h the writing was electrically reproduced was 312% p6Ptai�ling ·to modern al'cl itecture. :E�ach number is illustrated with beautlful'plates, showing desira1 le dwellings, public buildings'lnd archi arrange for the of a proof house whose miles, and all agreed t.hat it was a wonderful spectacle tectnr!l� ·"ork.tn.great variety. b builders and aU who contemplate.build e.;;tabliHhlllent ing work IIlvaluabl�. Has'1'0 the larllest circulation of any architec mark or stamp sho'lld bl'! acceptablf' to the German to watch in Paris the instantaneous reprod uction of turalthiS publication 18 in the world. Sin�le copie!i cents. By mail, to any part, of the United States ·Canada government. As it now stands, all American guns the movements of a pen in th e hands of a man writing or Mexico. $2.502;') a year. To foreign Postal Union countries $3.00 a year Combinert..rateforBUII.IHSG ��)�TIO�· with 8CIEXTIFIC Al\-[ERICA�,to one have to be !'ubjpcted to trial in Germany, and the ex in London. a e r a ��gr�e�;��e flr �irl'[J�I�� (,1��I�01�1\�!�I�� A�'�n':J �� : pense has proved to be prohibitive. Since the accept Of the 312% miles of line. 23 miles is submarine cable PLE:\JI:i:XT,$9.00 a year. foreilZnTig�� Postal Union countries. a year. '1'0 $11.00 ancl'! of the English and Belgian proof marks, the busi and 5% miles consists of buried conductor!' at Paris, Expo,·t o l l All of the English land line is overhead. Current was t:dili l of lite �('ientifie ..\l lericHu. ness i n Ameriean guns has come to a standstill. n h r � ")!� e�il{��o 6tr&:d�('.�;A!!I·bR��;{?i.��.F��li�h��D�6��\!tvL'�n�� There is an excellent opportunity for the gun trade of supplied, at the London end, by a battery of bichro form in si�e and typpgrapby with the �CI�NTI"'I(, A)I.�H:IC'AN. Every this country to takl'! !'ome aetion which will open for mate cel ls, two rows in parallel, the voltage being 57, ber contains about pages, profusely Illustrated It t'le finestscientific Dum .. intlu!'itrlal. .expor t .paper 50 published.,. It circulates throui� !Ihout Cnba, the the German market. It might have an excellent while at Paris there were storage batteries and Callaud r in h LlS :;�i�l��'��lfee�t;:�i:hd 1��t��mi� J�go:�;: S��?�� Tf�ISC effect upon the home produet if action were taken in cells, the latter being arranged four rows in parallel, EDITIOS has a large guaranteed ,r,��;circulation in all A'\II':RIC.�X EXPORT 3. a r, t the direction of proving arms for our domestic trade. the potential being 63 volts. The resistance of the cir S t��I:�g�}e:1�c :ri'[��' $ 00 yea pos paid to any ��i��:I:��{d�Manufacturers and others who desire to secure forei�n trade cuit was 716 ohms and the capacity was 11 microfarads. havear large and handsomely displayed anllOUnp.emellts published in roilYthis edition at a very moderate cost. MUNN & O ' THE STATUTES OF LIMITATIONS IN PATENT SUITS, The platen resistance at each end was 550 ohms. The �; Bi��rsew York. e i x e o To the doctrine of dilig-ence in prosecuting cases difference in voltage at the ends of the line was mere ��'I�a�� g��: �e�it�� y &d� CO. t�::��n �:::bl� i; �;d: �� [M� within the Patent Office is now superadded by a recent ly an incident uue to convenient arrangement of the Readers are specially requ�sted to notify the publisbers in case of anypr- failure, delay, or irregularitv in receipt of papers. decision of the United States Supreme Court an affir batteries. No change from ordinary conditi ons was matioll of the need of diligence in suing for damages made in the machines or adjustments, except in the for infringement. It is held that the statutes of limi Morse relays. NEW YORK, SATURDAY, JANUARY 26, 1895. tation of the different States apply in the defense The actual counted speed of transmission was 18 of actions at law for damages for infringement of pat words in 36 seconds at one time and 22 words in 40 (�Ollleniflo. (Illustrated articles arp. marked with an a�terisk.) ents. The deci�ion, dated January 7, 1895, was de seconds at another, the average num ber of letters in . livered by Mr. Justice Brown. The case is entitled each word being five. The writing was perfectly leg· Aquarium fishes,food. of . ...... Military .�ience. at Yale .. ...... ArtiHcial limbs, imoroved* ........ 5852 ., MiSSIng-link , found : . 5150 ...........•. Campbell v. City of Haverhill. ible, but somewhat ragged at very high speed. Bacteriology. progre!:iSin ....... .. 55 Molasses. zinc to blea.ch. .. ... Bicycle brake, a pneumatic*...... 59 Moon's e('lipse of September . 60 The action was brought to recover damages for in The French minister of posts and telegraphs, wit.h . 4-. Ne;89�ork:' ·UP-·t·�wn.· improv:e� 57 the officers of his staff, visited the laboratory at Paris :��kc��rirt��;l��ttjris:'e TteW .

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