BBC VOICES RECORDINGS http://sounds.bl.uk

Title:

Nottingham

Shelfmark:

C1190/26/05

Recording date:

17.11.2004

Speakers: Amelia, b. 1963; Nottingham; female (father b. St Kitts; mother b. St Kitts) Lauren, b. 1989; Nottingham; female; school student Rosalind, b. 1964; Nottingham; female (father b. St Kitts; mother b. St Kitts) Valerie, b. 1965; Nottingham; female (father b. St Kitts; mother b. St Kitts)

Amelia, Rosalind and Valerie are sisters whose parents came to the UK from St Kitts in the 1950s; Lauren is their niece. ELICITED LEXIS

○ see English Dialect Dictionary (1898-1905) ▲see Dictionary of Jamaican English (1980) ● see Dictionary of Caribbean English Usage (1996) ♠ see Dictionary of the English/Creole of Trinidad & Tobago (2009) ▼ see Ey Up Mi Duck! Dialect of Derbyshire and the East Midlands (2000) ∆ see New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English (2006) ◊ see Green’s Dictionary of Slang (2010) ♦ see Urban Dictionary (online) ⌂ no previous source (with this sense) identified pleased (not discussed) tired (not discussed) unwell sick; “me na feel too good”1 (used by mother/older black speakers) hot (not discussed) cold (not discussed) annoyed (not discussed) throw (not discussed)

1 See Dictionary of Caribbean English Usage (1996, p.407) for use of ‘no/na’ as negative marker in Caribbean English and for spelling of markedly dialectal/Creole pronunciations, e.g. the (), there ().

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 1 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings play truant skive; nick off∆; skank◊; wag, wag off school, wag off (suggested by interviewer, heard used); cap off▼ (suggested by interviewer) sleep having a nap; go lie down play a game (not discussed) hit hard (not discussed) clothes (not discussed) trousers (not discussed) child’s shoe (not discussed) mother (not discussed) gmother (not discussed) m partner (not discussed) friend bredrin∆ (used by black male speakers); sistren∆; mate (“you all right, mate?” used frequently in Nottingham) gfather (not discussed) forgot name thingymajig♦; thingy; petal (affectionate form of address used to children); ting● (“de red ting up deh, you know”1 used by mother) kit of tools (not discussed) trendy mutton dressed up as lamb; show-off f partner (not discussed) baby pickney◊ (“Caribbean slang”) rain heavily (not discussed) toilet bog (used at school in past); toilet (used now); loo walkway alley; jitty○ (suggested by interviewer, heard); ginnel, gennel (suggested by interviewer, not known); entry (used in past) long seat (not discussed) run water (not discussed) main room (not discussed) rain lightly (not discussed) rich (not discussed) left-handed (not discussed) unattractive (not discussed) lack money skint drunk pissed (“pissed to the head”) pregnant (not discussed) attractive good-looking; handsome; sweet; nice insane (not discussed) moody (not discussed) SPONTANEOUS LEXIS bap = bread roll (0:32:00 (uh we call b… um the ‘bread rolls’ ‘cobs’) ‘bread rolls’ ‘cobs’, yeah, they call them ‘baps’ (and I went I think uh, “so can we can we have six cobs please?” it’s like, “cobs […] lions ba… baby lions?” they’re saying and we say, “no, six cobs”))

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 2 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings barm cake = bread roll (0:32:34 (I had that actually in Liverpool I asked for a ‘chip cob’ and they call it a ‘barm cake’) (‘barm cake’ oh right for ‘chip cob’) (yeah, ‘barm cake’) (that’s a bit funny, isn’t it?) thought you’d’ve thought a ‘chip butty’ or summat, wouldn’t you?) bitch = moan, grumble (0:10:58 (we all meet at mother’s like she says for di... for dinner) and we go… have a good chin-wag and a good a good bitch and all the rest of it) bogger◊ = nuisance, so-and-so (0:26:27 there’s a word that I that I used to use and aunty Mary used to sa… say I was I was it was a rude word (‘bogger’ ‘bogger’) ‘bogger’, yeah, I’d say, “you bogger” (“oh you little bogger”) and my aunty said yeah, “you little bogger” and aunty Mary would say, “oh, that’s swearing you mustn’t say that”; 0:26:55 I mean, you get it all the time, don’t you, you know if if you do summat naughty when you’re little, “eh, you little bogger” and (although our our mum and dad didn’t use it) mum, oh no no no, but it was people used it to us though, didn’t they, if we ever got into mischief when we were playing out, “you little bogger”) Brummy = person from/dialect of Birmingham (0:21:37 we talk here in Nottingham so and we think we’re common but there a… people in Birmingham will speak in their Brummy accent and they think it’s, do you know what I mean so (yeah, yeah) works the other way, doesn’t it, really; 0:37:59 she’ll come back and she got the Brummy accent (the uh, yeah) or she goes to Leeds she comes back and she’s got the Yorkshire, do you know (she picks it up straightaway) yeah, yeah; 0:38:17 some people may think, “oh well if I go in there and I speak the way the the way the Brummies speak they’ll not know that I’m from somewhere else but you can tell) butty = sandwich (0:32:34 (I had that actually in Liverpool I asked for a ‘chip cob’ and they call it a ‘barm cake’) (‘barm cake’ oh right for ‘chip cob’) (yeah, ‘barm cake’) (that’s a bit funny, isn’t it?) thought you’d’ve thought a ‘chip butty’ or summat, wouldn’t you?) bwai▲ = boy (0:39:22 it’s ‘English gyal’, isn’t it, they call you when you go down there […] they know we’re from England, don’t they […] ‘gyal’ and is it ‘bwai’, isn’t it, really? (yeah, ‘bwai’) ‘bwai’) chin-wag = chat (0:10:58 (we all meet at mother’s like she says for di... for dinner) and we goo… have a good chin-wag and a good a good bitch and all the rest of it) cob = bread roll (0:32:00 uh we call b… um the ‘bread rolls’ ‘cobs’ (‘bread rolls’ ‘cobs’, yeah, they call them ‘baps’) and I went I think uh, “so can we can we have six cobs please?” it’s like, “cobs […] lions ba… baby lions?” they’re saying and we say, “no, six cobs”; 0:32:34 (I had that actually in Liverpool I asked for a ‘chip cob’ and they call it a ‘barm cake’) ‘barm cake’ oh right for ‘chip cob’ (yeah, ‘barm cake’) that’s a bit funny, isn’t it? (thought you’d’ve thought a ‘chip butty’ or summat, wouldn’t you?)) cuss = to curse, direct profanities at someone (0:15:19 (more excitement) (yes, more excitement) (more excitement definitely, yeah, when you when you break out in it, isn’t it, um, yeah) or when you’re cursing somebody (well, yeah) or when you’re ‘cussing’ somebody) dandan● = child’s dress (0:19:20 actually it’s like the Caribbean they would use the the word a pretty ‘dandan’ and basically you’re on about a dress, you know (a small child’s dress) yeah, “it’s a pretty dandan”) dasheen = Caribbean root vegetable (0:12:33 (what is this soup then what does she put in it, nanny?) (um chicken dumpling with um carrots and) (what’s that yams) yams dasheen sweet potato (sweet potato green banana) green banana (all all) pumpkin sometimes (yeah, pumpkins, yes) (all them sort of things) it’s it’s a proper West Indian soup it is, you know, we all love it, don’t we?) ey up▼ = hello (0:16:16 Nottingham people actually do have an accent right I’m just gonna try and think of um something um ‘mash’ might be one and um ‘ey up’ when we used to be at school, “ey up me duck” (oh yeah, we all say ‘ey up’, don’t we, “ey up me duck” that’s it, “ey up me duck”); 0:22:32 if someone’d say, “hello” you’d say, “ey up” (yeah) isn’t it, “you all right?” you know, and they say, “are you all right?” you go, “you all right?”) gosh = exclamation expressing surprise or disbelief (0:28:59 (and what about now do you think the kids have a different experience of swearing?) oh gosh, yes (yeah) I mean for some children every second word is, you know, has got a ‘F’ in it or something)

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 3 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings gyal♠ = girl (0:39:22 it’s ‘English gyal’, isn’t it, they call you when you go down there […] they know we’re from England, don’t they […] ‘gyal’ and is it ‘bwai’, isn’t it, really? (yeah, ‘bwai’) ‘bwai’; 0:42:02 (do that again ’cause I couldn’t possibly make that out) “watch for de gyal face now watch how she a-grin and watch me” (oh God) to you I take it it sounds like a different language, doesn’t it?1) half-caste = mixed race (0:33:27 I think I had that with my daughter who’s now seventeen and um it was a matter over um being um ‘half-caste’ and ‘mixed race’ and politi… politically correct it is ‘mixed raced’ but we were brought up if you were mixed breed you were ‘half-caste’; 0:33:52 yeah, back in the in the s… (yeah) in the seventies it was (yeah) wasn’t it, it was ‘half-caste’, wasn’t it, yeah (yeah, because y… you was either black white or) yeah, ‘half-caste’ (‘Paki’ well now it’s not a ‘Paki’ it’s an ‘Asian’)) mash = to brew tea (0:16:16 Nottingham people actually do have an accent right I’m just gonna try and think of um something um ‘mash’ might be one and um ‘ey up’ when we used to be at school, “ey up me duck” (oh yeah, we all say ‘ey up’, don’t we, “ey up me duck” that’s it, “ey up me duck”)) me duck▼ = form of address (0:16:16 Nottingham people actually do have an accent right I’m just gonna try and think of um something um ‘mash’ might be one and um ‘ey up’ when we used to be at school, “ey up me duck” (oh yeah, we all say ‘ey up’, don’t we, “ey up me duck” that’s it, “ey up me duck”)) merino = undershirt, vest (0:18:45 what did you have a de… a case where there was um a gentleman on your team and um a ‘vest’ um what what you’d call a ‘vest’ he called (a ‘merino’) was it a ‘merino’ (a ‘merino’) a ‘merino’) mum = mother (0:10:38 almost every Saturday well apart from these last five weeks because mum hasn’t been here but we always go to mum’s on a Saturday for our soup; 0:13:53 some some people may find mum hard to understand when she does break out in her patwa and goes off broad, yeah, but normally we just talk normal normal English as far as I’m concerned (yeah) it’s only now and again sometimes if we’re having a joke and a laugh that one of us may bring something out in patwa; 0:43:52 mum’ll say um, “Courtney, you want some soup?” and he’ll say, “mummy why does nanny say ‘soup’?” (and not ‘soup’)) nanny = grandmother (0:43:52 mum’ll say um, “Courtney, you want some soup?” and he’ll say, “mummy why does nanny say ‘soup’?” (and not ‘soup’)) no-no = something forbidden or unacceptable (0:08:53 in some ways it’s because nothing ever closes any more (yeah) when we were little Saturday Sunday opening of the shops in town (the shops that’s right, yeah) it was just a no-no so therefore you went to church but now a lot of people are working on a Sunday) Paki = Pakistani (0:33:52 yeah, back in the in the s… (yeah) in the seventies it was (yeah) wasn’t it, it was ‘half-caste’, wasn’t it, yeah (yeah, because y… you was either black white or) yeah, ‘half-caste’ (‘Paki’ well now it’s not a ‘Paki’ it’s an ‘Asian’)) patwa = Caribbean Creole (0:13:53 some some people may find mum hard to understand when she does break out in her patwa and goes off broad, yeah, but normally we just talk normal normal English as far as I’m concerned (yeah) it’s only now and again sometimes if we’re having a joke and a laugh that one of us may bring something out in patwa) petticoat = underskirt (0:19:09 another one might might be um a lady’s ‘underskirt’ a ‘slip’, yeah (yeah) we might say a ‘petticoat’ but they sa... but they’ll say a ‘slip’) politically correct = = in line with liberal opinion, avoiding discriminatory language or behaviour (0:33:27 I think I had that with my daughter who’s now seventeen and um it was a matter over um being um ‘half- caste’ and ‘mixed race’ and politi… politically correct it is ‘mixed raced’ but we were brought up if you were mixed breed you were ‘half-caste’) slip = underskirt (0:19:09 another one might might be um a lady’s ‘underskirt’ a ‘slip’, yeah (yeah) we might say a ‘petticoat’ but they sa... but they’ll say a ‘slip’) sucker▼ = ice lolly (0:32:48 we used to call it a ‘sucker’ when we were young, didn’t we, yeah, “mum can I have a sucker?” didn’t, wasn’t it, you know (I st… I still do I still call it a ‘sucker’, yeah) (yeah) (no, my my children it’s ‘ice lolly’) […] (do I say ‘sucker’ I don’t I don’t say ‘sucker’, do I, I don’t think) (no) no, but in our days it was ‘sucker’ definitely ‘sucker’, wasn’t it?)

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 4 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings summat∆ = something (0:16:59 (‘skive’) (well in our days was it was it ‘nick off’?) yeah, it uh, yes, um ‘skank’ or summat like that it would be, wouldn’t it? (yeah, yeah); 0:32:34 (I had that actually in Liverpool I asked for a ‘chip cob’ and they call it a ‘barm cake’) (‘barm cake’ oh right for ‘chip cob’) (yeah, ‘barm cake’) (that’s a bit funny, isn’t it?) thought you’d’ve thought a ‘chip butty’ or summat, wouldn’t you?; 0:26:55 I mean, you get it all the time, don’t you, you know if if you do summat naughty when you’re little, “eh, you little bogger” and (although our our mum and dad didn’t use it) mum, oh no no no, but it was people used it to us though, didn’t they, if we ever got into mischief when we were playing out, “you little bogger”; 0:33:18 th’ only way I’d pull her up is if it was summat that she shouldn’t be saying summat wrong but otherwise no) Sunday best = best clothes worn for special occasion (0:07:50 yeah, you used to love putting on your Sunday best and your nice posh shoes and your fancy dress oh it used to be sweet) PHONOLOGY

KIT [ɪ] (0:00:41 both originated [əɹɪʤɪnɛɪtɪd] from St Kitts [sɛɪŋkɪts] um came to England [ɪŋglənd] in dad came in the late fifties [fɪftɪz] mum came in the early sixties [sɪkstɪz] and they actually met in England [ɪŋglənd] and married here in Nottingham [nɒtɪŋhəm]; 0:03:39 we’re always phoning back home as well we have a sister [sɪstə] back there as well as um nieces nephews uncles and aunties as well; 0:10:58 (we all meet at mother’s like she says for di... for dinner [dɪnə]) and we goo… have a good chin-wag [ʧɪnwag] and a good a good bitch [bɪʧ] and all the rest of it) chickEN (0:09:45 yes, Sundays were a nice day and we always had a proper cooked dinner which traditional for us is rice and peas and chicken [ʧɪkən] fried chicken [ʧɪkən] rice and peas that’s our Sunday dinner and for me it still is) (0:07:30 and we used to love it that I think we used to really enjoy [ɪnʤɔɪ] it, didn’t we? (yeah) don’t know what’s happened to us but just getting lazy, aren’t we, really) DRESS [ɛ] (0:01:28 weather’s [wɛðəz] beautiful um it was a lot different to when [wɛn] I l… went [wɛnʔ] last went [wɛnt] about twelve [twɛɫv] years ago but um ’cause all the houses, like, have developed [dɪvɛləpt] and are better and everything [bɛtəɹ ən ɛvɹɪθɪŋk]; 0:18:45 what did you have a de… a case where there was um a gentleman [ʤɛntəɫmən] on your team and um a ‘vest’ [vɛst] um what what you’d call a ‘vest’ [vɛst] he called (a ‘merino’) was it a ‘merino’ (a ‘merino’) a ‘merino’) Southwell (0:37:16 Sandra’s out in Southwell [sʊðəɫ] and she’s got Natalie now Sandra reckons that in the holidays when Natalie spends time in the Meadows she goes back home speaking different have you heard her? (yeah)) TRAP~BATH [a] (0:01:28 weather’s beautiful um it was a lot different to when I l… went last [las] went about twelve years ago but um ’cause all the houses, like, have developed and are better and everything; 0:02:36 (what does it look like?) I can’t really answer [ansə] that [ðaʔ] ’cause I’ve only been the once and it was way back [bak] in was it 1989 so I’ll pass [pas] it to Val [vaɫ]; 0:16:59 (‘skive’) (well in our days was it was it ‘nick off’?) yeah, it uh, yes, um ‘skank’ [skaŋk] or summat like that it would be, wouldn’t it? (yeah, yeah); 0:19:20 actually [akʧəlɪ] it’s like the Caribbean [kaɹəbiən] they would use the the word a pretty ‘dandan’ [dandan] and basically you’re on about a dress, you know (a small child’s dress) yeah, “it’s a pretty dandan” [dandan]) LOT~CLOTH [ɒ]

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 5 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings

(0:01:59 (it’s a small island it’s um) yeah, it’s six… sixty-four square miles St Kitts is (yeah) I’m not [nɒʔ] sure of the population [pɒpjəlɛɪʃən] but um they have a lot [lɒt] of Americans down there for holidays [hɒlədɪz]; 0:05:48 we go there on a Friday and Saturday night um it’s just, like, a little social club we all meet up we play dominoes [dɒmɪnəʊz] play cards pool darts all the sporty things that you do in a pub really; 0:09:17 I mean you go to school in the week anyway Saturdays was um (cleaning day) a day to to clean the house and everything and wash [wɒʃ] your clothes etcetera and then Sunday was it was a nice relaxing day; 0:32:00 uh we call b… um the ‘bread rolls’ ‘cobs’ [kɒbz] (‘bread rolls’ ‘cobs’, [kɒbz] yeah, they call them ‘baps’) and I went I think uh, “so can we can we have six cobs [kɒbz] please?” it’s like, “cobs [kɒbz] […] lions ba… baby lions?” they’re saying and we say, “no, six cobs” [kɒbz]; 0:36:58 there is also I think there could be a class difference with certain people as well and um and the and the race as well um h… how your parents speak um you you’ll pick that up off [ɒf] them as well) STRUT [ʊ] (0:02:11 tourism is one of the main um ways that the the island makes money [mʊnɪ] through tourism it used to be through sugar sugar cane but um a lot of people don’t bother um working the fields any more and they actually have people in from places like um Guyana that actually come [kʊm] in and um cut [kʊʔ] the sugar cane; 0:05:48 we go there on a Friday and Saturday night um it’s just, [ʤʊst] like, a little social club [səʊʃəɫ klʊb] where we all meet up [ʊp] we play dominoes play cards pool darts all the sporty things that you do in a pub [pʊb] really; 0:32:34 (I had that actually in Liverpool I asked for a ‘chip cob’ and they call it a ‘barm cake’) (‘barm cake’ oh right for ‘chip cob’) (yeah, ‘barm cake’) (that’s a bit funny, [fʊni] isn’t it?) thought you’d’ve thought a ‘chip butty’ [ʧɪpbʊti] or summat, [sʊməʔ] wouldn’t you?) amongst, bugger(0:15:44 like I say we only bring that out amongst [əmɒŋks] ourselves now and again normally we talk as we are talking now; 0:26:27 there’s a word that I that I used to use and aunty Mary used to sa… say I was I was it was a rude word (‘bugger’ [bɒgə] ‘bugger’ [bɒgə]) ‘bugger’, [bɒgə] yeah, I’d say, “you bugger” [bɒgə] (“oh you little bugger” [bɒgə]) and my aunty said yeah, “you little bugger” [bɒgə] and aunty Mary would say, “oh, that’s swearing you mustn’t say that”; 0:26:55 I mean, you get it all the time, don’t you, you know if if you do summat naughty when you’re little, “eh, you little bugger” [bɒgə] and (although our our mum and dad didn’t use it) mum, oh no no no, but it was people used it to us though, didn’t they, if we ever got into mischief when we were playing out, “you little bugger” [bɒgə]) ONE (0:02:11 tourism is one [wɒn] of the main um ways that the the island makes money through tourism it used to be through sugar sugar cane but um a lot of people don’t bother um working the fields any more and they actually have people in from places like um Guyana that actually come in and um cut the sugar cane; 0:02:36 (what does it look like?) I can’t really answer that ’cause I’ve only been the once [wʌns] and it was way back in was it 1989 so I’ll pass it to Val; 0:08:53 in some ways it’s because nothing [nʊθɪŋ] ever closes any more (yeah) when we were little Saturday Sunday opening of the shops in town (the shops that’s right, yeah) it was just a no-no so therefore you went to church but now a lot of people are working on a Sunday; 0:31:00 everything about her changed (body language everything, yeah) [wɒns] she realised that she had family in Nottingham and I’d come from Nottingham; 0:35:36 (we all sound alike really, don’t we, especially Rosalind and I) (yes) but there’s nothing [nɒθɪn] wrong with it (no, it’s fine); 0:35:42 quite often if I answer the phone at one [wɒn] of my sister’s house some people can pick up straightaway others would say, “oh I’m ever so sorry but I thought I was talking to Ros”, you know) FOOT [ʊ] (0:02:11 tourism is one of the main um ways that the the island makes money through tourism it used to be through sugar [ʃʊgə] sugar [ʃʊgə] cane but um a lot of people don’t bother um working the fields any

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 6 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings more and they actually have people in from places like um Guyana that actually come in and um cut the sugar [ʃʊgə] cane; 0:08:16 it made you feel special I think as well being dressed up on a Sunday and um going out to church and then there was a it was a different community anyway because a lot of people went to church and the churches were fuller [fʊlɒ] a lot fuller [fʊlə] than what they are today; 0:10:00 um in fact I rarely cook [kʊk] and if I do cook [kʊk] um it could [kəd] be, like, the normal um I’d put [pʊt] it as English dinner which is, like, you know, Yorkshire puddings [pʊdɪnz] and things um unless I go to Amelia’s for dinner) NURSE [əː] (0:00:41 both originated from St Kitts um came to England in dad came in the late fifties mum came in the early [əːlɪ] sixties and they actually met in England and married here in Nottingham; 0:08:16 it made you feel special I think as well being dressed up on a Sunday and um going out to church [ʧəːʧ] and then there was a it was a different community anyway because a lot of people went to church [ʧəːʧ] and the churches [ʧəːʧɪz] were fuller a lot fuller than what they are today; 0:21:37 we talk here in Nottingham so and we think we’re common but there a… people in Birmingham [bəːmɪnəm] will speak in their Brummy accent and they think it’s, do you know what I mean so (yeah, yeah) works [wəːks] the other way, doesn’t it, really) curse (0:15:19 (more excitement) (yes, more excitement) (more excitement definitely, yeah, when you when you break out in it, isn’t it, um, yeah) or when you’re cursing [kəːsɪn] somebody (well, yeah) or when you’re ‘cussing’ [kɔsɪn] somebody) girl (0:35:57 there’s um there’s five girls [gəːɫz] one boy I think I I think four well I can sound like all of them personally; 0:39:22 it’s ‘English girl’, [gjaɫ] isn’t it, they call you when you go down there […] they know we’re from England, don’t they […] ‘girl’ [gjaɫ] and is it ‘boy’, isn’t it, really? (yeah, ‘boy’) ‘boy’; 0:42:02 (do that again ’cause I couldn’t possibly make that out) “watch for the girl [gjaɫ] face now watch how she a-grin and watch me” (oh God) to you I take it it sounds like a different language, doesn’t it?) FLEECE [iː] (0:03:39 we’re always phoning back home as well we have a sister back there as well as um nieces [niːsəz] nephews uncles and aunties as well; 0:08:16 it made you feel [fiːɫ] special I think as well being dressed up on a Sunday and um going out to church and then there was a it was a different community anyway because a lot of people [piːp ] went to church and the churches were fuller a lot fuller than what they are today; 0:09:17 I mean you go to school in the week [wiːk] anyway Saturdays was um (cleaning [kliːnɪn] day) a day to to clean [kliːn] the house and everything and wash your clothes etcetera and then Sunday was it was a nice relaxing day; 0:11:18 although we do sometimes say to them though that they’re a bit cheeky [ʧiːkɪ] today (yeah) in our days we respected (the elder) our elder, didn’t we? (yes, yeah) and these lot, you know, no) been (0:00:34 uh mum and dad, yeah, they’ve been [bɪn] married to forty-two years; 0:10:38 almost every Saturday well apart from these last five weeks because mum hasn’t been [bɪn] here but we always go to mum’s on a Saturday for our soup) dasheen (0:12:33 (what is this soup then what does she put in it, nanny?) (um chicken dumpling with um carrots and) (what’s that yams) yams dasheen [daʃɪn] sweet potato (sweet potato green banana) green banana (all all) pumpkin sometimes (yeah, pumpkins, yes) (all them sort of things) it’s it’s a proper West Indian soup it is, you know, we all love it, don’t we?) FACE [ɛɪ] (0:00:41 both originated [əɹɪʤɪnɛɪtɪd] from St Kitts [sɛɪŋkɪts] um came [kɛɪm] to England in dad came [kɛɪm] in the late [lɛɪt] fifties mum came [kɛɪm] in the early sixties and they actually met in England and married here in Nottingham; 0:02:11 tourism is one of the main [mɛɪn] um ways [wɛɪz] that the the island

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 7 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings makes [mɛɪks] money through tourism it used to be through sugar sugar cane [kɛɪn] but um a lot of people don’t bother um working the fields any more and they actually have people in from places [plɛɪsəz] like um Guyana that actually come in and um cut the sugar cane [kɛɪn]; 0:04:45 I don’t think there’ll be much changes [ʧɛɪnʤəz] um it’s the sort of island where things basically [bɛɪsɪklɪ] stay [stɛɪ] as they are the houses the p… the houses are more designed by um American people) ain’t (0:24:06 ‘toilet’ we got ‘bog’ definitely ‘bog’, ain’t it? [ɛɪnɪʔ] (used to be) yeah, definitely ‘bog’ (used to be um when we was at school and that but now it’s the ‘toilet’); 0:26:03 if you’re ‘lacking money’ you’re ‘skint’, aren’t you? (yes) you’re ‘skint’, you know, you ain’t got [ɛɪŋgɒʔ] no money um ‘pissed’ if you’re ‘drunk’ ‘pissed to the head’, aren’t you?) always, <-day> (0:01:59 (it’s a small island it’s um) yeah, it’s six… sixty-four square miles St Kitts is (yeah) I’m not sure of the population but um they have a lot of Americans down there for holidays [hɒlədɪz]; 0:02:51 (mind you, that’s where mum and dad are at the moment they are there on holiday [hɒlədɛɪ]) yeah, they they’re due back they’re due back on Saturday [satədɛɪ]; 0:03:00 well thing is they’re retired now they’ve always [ɔːwɪz] worked they’ve retired and they’ve always [ɔːwɪz] wanted to travel; 0:05:48 we go there on a Friday [fʋaɪdɪ] and Saturday [satədɪ] night um it’s just, like, a little social club where we all meet up we play dominoes play cards pool darts all the sporty things that you do in a pub really; 0:08:16 it made you feel special I think as well being dressed up on a Sunday [sʊndɛɪ] and um going out to church and then there was a it was a different community anyway because a lot of people went to church and the churches were fuller a lot fuller than what they are today; 0:08:36 basically uh as I mean, you know, and you get up nice breakfast get ready go to church come back and it’s a Sunday [sʊndɪ] dinner and it’s just totally different to a Sunday [sʊndi] of today; 0:08:53 in some ways it’s because nothing ever closes any more (yeah) when we were little Saturday [satdɪ] Sunday [sʊndɪ] opening of the shops in town (the shops that’s right, yeah) it was just a no-no so therefore you went to church but now a lot of people are working on a Sunday [sʊndɛ]; 0:09:17 I mean you go to school in the week anyway Saturdays [saʔədɪz] was um (cleaning day) a day to to clean the house and everything and wash your clothes etcetera and then Sunday [sʊndɪ] was it was a nice relaxing day; 0:09:45 yes, Sundays [sʊndɪz] were a nice day and we always [ɔːɫwɛɪz] had a proper cooked dinner which traditional for us is rice and peas and chicken fried chicken rice and peas that’s our Sunday [sʊndɪ] dinner and for me it still is; 0:10:38 almost every Saturday [satədɛɪ] well apart from these last five weeks because mum hasn’t been here but we always [ɔːɫwɛɪz] go to mum’s on a Saturday [satədɛɪ] for our soup; 0:37:16 Sandra’s out in Southwell and she’s got Natalie now Sandra reckons that in the holidays [hɒlədɪz] when Natalie spends time in the Meadows she goes back home speaking different have you heard her? (yeah)) say (0:20:05 ‘pickney’ um we would just use if you’re on about somebody’s child so if you’re on about somebody’s child you say [sɛ] ‘Phoebe pickney’ or ‘she pickney’ or whatever, you know) 0:25:09 uh mum might say, [sɛɪ] “go upstairs and look for the thing” […] “you know the the red thing up there, you know” something like that she’ll say [sɛɪ]) PALM [ɑː] (0:02:36 (what does it look like?) I can’t [kɑːnʔ] really answer that ’cause I’ve only been the once and it was way back in was it 1989 so I’ll pass it to Val; 0:33:27 I think I had that with my daughter who’s now seventeen and um it was a matter over um being um ‘half-caste’ [hɑːfkast] and ‘mixed race’ and politi… politically correct it is ‘mixed raced’ but we were brought up if you were mixed breed you were ‘half- caste’ [hɑːfkas]) aunty, Guyana (0:02:11 tourism is one of the main um ways that the the island makes money through tourism it used to be through sugar sugar cane but um a lot of people don’t bother um

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working the fields any more and they actually have people in from places like um Guyana [gaɪjanə] that actually come in and um cut the sugar cane; 0:03:39 we’re always phoning back home as well we have a sister back there as well as um nieces nephews uncles and aunties [ɑːntɪz] as well; 0:43:39 Courtney’s my son, yeah, he’s six years old and he likes to hear his aunty [antɪ] Vilma talk) patwa (0:13:53 some some people may find mum hard to understand when she does break out in her patwa [patwə] and goes off broad, yeah, but normally we just talk normal normal English as far as I’m concerned (yeah) it’s only now and again sometimes if we’re having a joke and a laugh that one of us may bring something out in patwa [patwə]) THOUGHT [ɔː] (0:13:53 some some people may find mum hard to understand when she does break out in her patwa and goes off broad, [bɹɔːd] yeah, but normally we just talk [tɔːk] normal normal English as far as I’m concerned (yeah) it’s only now and again sometimes if we’re having a joke and a laugh that one of us may bring something out in patwa; 0:33:27 I think I had that with my daughter who’s [dɔːtəɹ uːz] now seventeen and um it was a matter over um being um ‘half-caste’ and ‘mixed race’ and politi… politically correct it is ‘mixed raced’ but we were brought [bɹɔːt] up if you were mixed breed you were ‘half-caste’) although (0:11:18 although [əðəʊ] we do sometimes say to them though that they’re a bit cheeky today (yeah) in our days we respected (the elder) our elder, didn’t we? (yes, yeah) and these lot, you know, no) fault (0:04:55 they’re, like, bungalows majority of them are, like, three bedrooms two bathrooms en suites which um en suites not a lot of us have here anyway so really they’re a bit (better than us in that way) better than us in in that sense, yeah, but um and the people are very nice and friendly can’t fault [fɒɫt] the people) GOAT [əʊ] (0:03:39 we’re always phoning [fəʊnɪn] back home [həʊm] as well we have a sister back there as well as um nieces nephews uncles and aunties as well; 0:05:48 we go [gəʊ] there on a Friday and Saturday night um it’s just, like, a little social club [səʊʃəɫ klʊb] where we all meet up we play dominoes [dɒmɪnəʊz] play cards pool darts all the sporty things that you do in a pub really; 0:08:53 in some ways it’s because nothing ever closes [kləʊzəz] any more (yeah) when we were little Saturday Sunday opening [əʊpənɪn] of the shops in town (the shops that’s right, yeah) it was just a no-no [nəʊnəʊ] so therefore you went to church but now a lot of people are working on a Sunday) broke2 (0:37:36 when she when she went to West Indies it’s the same thing (when was that?) when was that in St Kitts (what she talked in) she broke [bɹɔk] out in one piece of talk out there (did she?) yeah) don’t (know) (0:07:30 and we used to love it that I think we used to really enjoy it, didn’t we? (yeah) don’t know [dʌnəʊ] what’s happened to us but just getting lazy, aren’t we, really) go(ing to) (0:08:36 basically uh as I mean, you know, and you get up nice breakfast get ready go [gə] to church come back and it’s a Sunday dinner and it’s just totally different to a Sunday of today; 0:09:17 I mean you go [gʊ] to school in the week anyway Saturdays was um (cleaning day) a day to to clean the house and everything and wash your clothes etcetera and then Sunday was it was a nice relaxing day; 0:10:00 um in fact I rarely cook and if I do cook um it could be, like, the normal um I’d put it as English dinner which is, like, you know, Yorkshire puddings and things um unless I go [gə] to Amelia’s for dinner; 0:30:29 you got people posh people say they’re not going to [gənə] use the word ‘posh’ and then you’ve got people who are a bit lower as as they would look at them; 0:37:16 Sandra’s out in Southwell and she’s got Natalie now Sandra reckons that in

2 This pronunciation is consciously ‘performed’ in imitation of Caribbean English speakers.

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the holidays when Natalie spends time in the Meadows she goes [gəz] back home speaking different have you heard her? (yeah); 0:37:59 she’ll come back and she got the Brummy accent (the uh, yeah) or she goes [gʊz] to Leeds she comes back and she’s got the Yorkshire, do you know (she picks it up straightaway) yeah, yeah; 0:38:36 (there’s just something about it) they don’t sound the same and they’re not they’re not going to [gʊnə] be fluent at it because they’ll only be able to talk certain words in it) no2 (0:17:53 uh ‘unwell’ f… is I would just say ‘sick’ anyway (yeah) or, “me no [nə] me no [nə] feel too good”; 0:24:34 (‘mutton dressed up as lamb’) (‘show-off’) ‘show-off’ (I don’t know for that one) “gone out to look for what she no [nɑː] gets”) <-ow>, so (0:13:13 (they do eat the two bowls) yeah (they don’t waste it) fo... followed [fɒləd] by bread and jam (oh yeah); 0:12:33 (what is this soup then what does she put in it, nanny?) (um chicken dumpling with um carrots and) (what’s that yams) yams dasheen sweet potato [swiːʔpətɛɪtə] (sweet potato [swiːʔpətɛɪtə] green banana) green banana (all all) pumpkin sometimes (yeah, pumpkins, yes) (all them sort of things) it’s it’s a proper West Indian soup it is, you know, we all love it, don’t we?; 0:18:45 what did you have a de… a case where there was um a gentleman on your team and um a ‘vest’ um what what you’d call a ‘vest’ he called (a ‘merino’ [məɹiːnə]) was it a ‘merino’ [məɹiːnɒ] (a ‘merino’ [məɹiːnə]) a ‘merino’ [məɹiːnɒ]; 0:22:41 ’cause I work in the M… in the Meadows [mɛdəʊz] area and um when I’m on reception the way I talk and people say, “oh we can tell you’re from Meadows” [mɛdəz] and I’m thinking, “well Meadows?” [mɛdəz] you’d think they’d say, “Nottingham”; 0:35:42 quite often if I answer the phone at one of my sister’s house some people can pick up straightaway others would say, “oh I’m ever so [sə] sorry but I thought I was talking to Ros”, you know; 0:37:16 Sandra’s out in Southwell and she’s got Natalie now Sandra reckons that in the holidays when Natalie spends time in the Meadows [mɛdəʊz] she goes back home speaking different have you heard her? (yeah)) GOAL [ɔʊ] (0:13:13 they do eat the two bowls [bɔʊɫz] (yeah) they don’t waste it (fo... followed by bread and jam) oh yeah; 0:42:47 and I’d be listening, yeah, really um listening and then uh by time I’ve sort of understood that word I’ve missed that word and then ’cause you haven’t got the whole [hɔʊɫ] of it in, have you?; 0:43:39 Courtney’s my son, yeah, he’s six years old [ɔʊd] and he likes to hear his aunty Vilma talk) GOOSE [uː] (0:01:28 weather’s beautiful [bjuːʔɪfʊɫ] um it was a lot different to when I l… went last went about twelve years ago but um ’cause all the houses, like, have developed and are better and everything; 0:04:55 they’re, like, bungalows majority of them are, like, three bedrooms [bɛdɹuːmz] two [tuː] bathrooms [baθɹuːmz] en suites which um en suites not a lot of us have here anyway so really they’re a bit (better than us in that way) better than us in in that sense, yeah, but um and the people are very nice and friendly can’t fault the people; 0:09:17 I mean you go to school [skuːɫ] in the week anyway Saturdays was um (cleaning day) a day to to clean the house and everything and wash your clothes etcetera and then Sunday was it was a nice relaxing day; 0:38:36 (there’s just something about it) they don’t sound the same and they’re not they’re not going to be fluent [fluːənt] at it because they’ll only be able to talk certain words in it) soup2 (0:43:52 mum’ll say um, “Courtney, you want some soup?” [sʊp] and he’ll say, “mummy why does nanny say ‘soup’?” [sʊp] (and not ‘soup’ [suːp])) to (0:06:34 (what impression can you give us of the Meadows?) um to other [tə ʊvə] people it looks rough but when you live here you get to, like, know what it’s all about and it’s not really that bad; 0:10:00 um in fact I rarely cook and if I do cook um it could be, like, the normal um I’d put it as English dinner which is, like, you know, Yorkshire puddings and things um unless I go to

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Amelia’s [təmiːliəz] for dinner; 0:28:30 yeah, and you’d sort of hear it but not not comment on it, would you, you’d just let it in there and out there you wouldn’t (yeah, in our in our time) to to us [tə ʊz] it was a a word not to be repeated) PRICE [aɪ] (0:01:49 the last time [taɪm] I went was the year 2000 and the island [aɪlənd] is a nice [naɪs] island [aɪlənd]; 0:09:45 yes, Sundays were a nice [naɪs] day and we always had a proper cooked dinner which traditional for us is rice [ɹaɪs] and peas and chicken fried [fɹaɪd] chicken rice [ɹaɪs] and peas that’s our Sunday dinner and for me it still is; 0:20:05 ‘pickney’ um we would just use if you’re on about somebody’s child [ʧaɪɫd] so if you’re on about somebody’s child [ʧaɪɫd] you say ‘Phoebe pickney’ or ‘she pickney’ or whatever, you know) by, my (0:16:16 Nottingham people actually do have an accent right I’m just going to try and think of um something um ‘mash’ might be one and um ‘ey up’ when we used to be at school, “ey up my [mɪ] duck” (oh yeah, we all say ‘ey up’, don’t we, “ey up my [mɪ] duck” that’s it, “ey up my [mɪ] duck”); 0:35:42 quite often if I answer the phone at one of my [mɪ] sister’s house some people can pick up straightaway others would say, “oh I’m ever so sorry but I thought I was talking to Ros”, you know; 0:42:47 and I’d be listening, yeah, really um listening and then uh by [bɪ] time I’ve sort of understood that word I’ve missed that word and then ’cause you haven’t got the whole of it in, have you?) retire (0:03:00 well thing is they’re retired [ɹɪtaɪəd] now they’ve always worked they’ve retired [ɹɪtaɪəd] and they’ve always wanted to travel) CHOICE [ɔɪ] (0:06:00 that is the main meeting point [pɔɪnʔ] for them for everybody apart from church; 0:07:30 and we used to love it that I think we used to really enjoy [ɪnʤɔɪ] it, didn’t we? (yeah) don’t know what’s happened to us but just getting lazy, aren’t we, really; 0:24:06 ‘toilet’ [tɔɪləʔ] we got ‘bog’ definitely ‘bog’, ain’t it? (used to be) yeah, definitely ‘bog’ (used to be um when we was at school and that but now it’s the ‘toilet’ [tɔɪləʔ])) boy (0:35:57 there’s um there’s five girls one boy [bɔɪ] I think I I think four well I can sound like all of them personally; 0:39:22 it’s ‘English girl’, isn’t it, they call you when you go down there […] they know we’re from England, don’t they […] ‘girl’ and is it ‘boy’, [bwaɪ] isn’t it, really? (yeah, ‘boy’ [bwaɪ]) ‘boy’ [bwaɪ]) MOUTH [aʊ] (0:01:07 these days um […] marriages don’t last that long (yeah, that’s right) and a lot of mum and dad’s friends have actually split up through marriage but mum and dad have kept it together which we’re quite pleased and proud [pɹaʊd] of; 0:01:49 the last time I went was the year 2000 [tuːθaʊzənd] and the island is a nice island; 0:28:45 I think we’d’ve got it from school and friends basically (yeah) but not from in the house [haʊs]) about, now, our, out (0:06:34 (what impression can you give us of the Meadows?) um to other people it looks rough but when you live here you get to, like, know what it’s all about [əbaːʔ] and it’s not really that bad; 0:10:38 almost every Saturday well apart from these last five weeks because mum hasn’t been here but we always go to mum’s on a Saturday for our [aː] soup; 0:11:18 although we do sometimes say to them though that they’re a bit cheeky today (yeah) in our [aː] days we respected (the elder) our elder, [aːɹ ɛɫdə] didn’t we? (yes, yeah) and these lot, you know, no; 0:15:19 (more excitement) (yes, more excitement) more excitement definitely, yeah, when you when you break out [aːt] in it, isn’t it, um, yeah (or when you’re cursing somebody (well, yeah) or when you’re ‘cussing’ somebody); 0:16:59 (‘skive’) well in our [aː] days was it was it ‘nick off’? (yeah, it uh, yes, um ‘skank’ or summat like that it would be, wouldn’t it?) yeah, yeah; 0:26:55 (I

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mean, you get it all the time, don’t you, you know if if you do summat naughty when you’re little, “eh, you little bugger” and) although our [aː] our [aː] mum and dad didn’t use it (mum, oh no no no, but it was people used it to us though, didn’t they, if we ever got into mischief when we were playing out, “you little bugger”); 0:28:00 we never used to hear any swearing not especially not at home now and again [naʊ ən əgɛn] out [aʊt] on the street when we was out [aːʔ] playing (not often though) but not often at all definitely not (and never heard par… parents never swore well not in front of us anyway if they did we never swore to each other either); 0:33:27 I think I had that with my daughter who’s now [naː] seventeen and um it was a matter over um being um ‘half-caste’ and ‘mixed race’ and politi… politically correct it is ‘mixed raced’ but we were brought up if you were mixed breed you were ‘half-caste’) Southwell (0:37:16 Sandra’s out in Southwell [sʊðəɫ] and she’s got Natalie now Sandra reckons that in the holidays when Natalie spends time in the Meadows she goes back home speaking different have you heard her? (yeah)) NEAR [ɪː > ɪə] (0:00:34 uh mum and dad, yeah, they’ve been married to forty-two years [jɪːz]; 0:06:34 (what impression can you give us of the Meadows?) um to other people it looks rough but when you live here [ɪː]; you get to, like, know what it’s all about and it’s not really [ɹɪːlɪ] that bad; 0:10:38 almost every Saturday well apart from these last five weeks because mum hasn’t been here [hɪə] but we always go to mum’s on a Saturday for our soup; 0:41:06 (does any does any of your friends ever ever speak pa… twa… patwa?) they try but it just sounds weird [wɪːd] (it sounds funny, doesn’t it?)) SQUARE [eː > ɛː] (0:01:59 (it’s a small island it’s um) yeah, it’s six… sixty-four square [skweː] miles St Kitts is (yeah) I’m not sure of the population but um they have a lot of Americans down there [ðɛː] for holidays; 0:10:00 um in fact I rarely [ɹeːlɪ] cook and if I do cook um it could be, like, the normal um I’d put it as English dinner which is, like, you know, Yorkshire puddings and things um unless I go to Amelia’s for dinner; 0:36:58 there is also I think there could be a class difference with certain people as well and um and the and the race as well um h… how your parents [peːɹənts] speak um you you’ll pick that up off them as well) START [ɑː] (0:05:48 we go there on a Friday and Saturday night um it’s just, like, a little social club where we all meet up we play dominoes play cards [kɑːds] pool darts [dɑːts] all the sporty things that you do in a pub really; 0:06:00 that is the main meeting point for them for everybody apart [pɑːʔ] from church; 0:15:08 as we talk we’ll try and do a bit as we talk if we do it that if we do it that way ’cause it’s hard [hɑːd] to just come out and say something now, isn’t it?) NORTH~FORCE [ɔː] (0:00:34 uh mum and dad, yeah, they’ve been married to forty-two [fɔːtituː] years; 0:05:48 we go there on a Friday and Saturday night um it’s just, like, a little social club where we all meet up we play dominoes play cards pool darts all the sporty [spɔːtɪ] things that you do in a pub really; 0:10:00 um in fact I rarely cook and if I do cook um it could be, like, the normal [nɔːmʊ] um I’d put it as English dinner which is, like, you know, Yorkshire [jɔːkʃə] puddings and things um unless I go to Amelia’s for dinner; 0:28:00 (we never used to hear any swearing not especially not at home now and again out on the street when we was out playing) not often though (but not often at all definitely not) and never heard par… parents never swore [swɔː] well not in front of us anyway if they did we never swore [swɔː] to each other either) CURE [ɔː] (0:01:59 (it’s a small island it’s um) yeah, it’s six… sixty-four square miles St Kitts is (yeah) I’m not sure [ʃɔː] of the population but um they have a lot of Americans down there for holidays; 0:02:11 tourism [tɔːɹɪzm] is one of the main um ways that the the island makes money through tourism [tɔːɹɪzm] it used to

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 12 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings be through sugar sugar cane but um a lot of people don’t bother um working the fields any more and they actually have people in from places like um Guyana that actually come in and um cut the sugar cane) happY [ɪ > i] (0:00:41 both originated from St Kitts um came to England in dad came in the late fifties [fɪftɪz] mum came in the early [əːlɪ] sixties [sɪkstɪz] and they actually [akʧəlɪ] met in England and married here in Nottingham; 0:02:11 tourism is one of the main um ways that the the island makes money [mʊnɪ] through tourism it used to be through sugar sugar cane but um a lot of people don’t bother um working the fields any [ɛnɪ] more and they actually [akʧəlɪ] have people in from places like um Guyana that actually [akʧəlɪ] come in and um cut the sugar cane; 0:03:13 I mean they pay these pensions etcetera and then uh they don’t get to use the money [mʊni] so at least with with mum and dad we’re lucky [lʊki] that they can do that; 0:03:47 (what about you, Lauren, have you ever been?) I went when I was a baby [bɛɪbɪ] but can’t really [ɹɪːlɪ] remember what it was like; 0:04:55 they’re, like, bungalows majority of them are, like, three bedrooms two bathrooms en suites which um en suites not a lot of us have here anyway really [ɹɪːli] they’re a bit (better than us in that way) better than us in in that sense, yeah, but um and the people are very [vɛɹɪ] nice and friendly [fɹɛndli] can’t fault the people) lettER~commA [ə > ɒ ~ ɐ] (0:02:11 tourism is one of the main um ways that the the island makes money through tourism it used to be through sugar [ʃʊgə] sugar [ʃʊgə] cane but um a lot of people don’t bother [bɒðə] um working the fields any more and they actually have people in from places like um Guyana [gaɪjanə] that actually come in and um cut the sugar [ʃʊgə] cane; 0:03:47 (what about you, Lauren, have you ever been?) I went when I was a baby but can’t really remember [ɹɪmɛmbɒ] what it was like; 0:08:16 it made you feel special I think as well being dressed up on a Sunday and um going out to church and then there was a it was a different community anyway because a lot of people went to church and the churches were fuller [fʊlɒ] a lot fuller [fʊlə] than what they are today; 0:09:45 yes, Sundays were a nice day and we always had a proper [pɹɒpə] cooked dinner [dɪnɒ] which traditional for us is rice and peas and chicken fried chicken rice and peas that’s our Sunday dinner [dɪnɒ] and for me it still is; 0:12:33 (what is this soup then what does she put in it, nanny?) (um chicken dumpling with um carrots and) (what’s that yams) yams dasheen sweet potato (sweet potato green banana [bənɑːnə]) green banana [bənɑːnə] (all all) pumpkin sometimes (yeah, pumpkins, yes) (all them sort of things) it’s it’s a proper [pɹɒpə] West Indian soup it is, you know, we all love it, don’t we?; 0:15:58 I’ve recently returned from Canada [kanɪdɐ] two weeks in Canada [kanɪdə] and I’d met an English family out there; 0:31:17 she could she were quite versatile she spoke the Canadian because she’d lived in Canada a long [kanədəʋ ə lɒŋ] time but she could also go back to speaking Nottingham and I also met her mother [mʊðə] who was born and raised in England and then went over [əʊvə] to Canada [kanədɐ]; 0:32:48 we used to call it a ‘sucker’ [sʊkə] when we were young, didn’t we, yeah, “mum can I have a sucker?” [sʊkə] didn’t, wasn’t it, you know (I st… I still do I still call it a ‘sucker’, [sʊkə] yeah) (yeah) (no, my my children it’s ‘ice lolly’) […] (do I say ‘sucker’ [sʊkə] I don’t I don’t say ‘sucker’, [sʊkə] do I, I don’t think) (no) no, but in our days it was ‘sucker’ [sʊkɒ] definitely ‘sucker’, [sʊkə] wasn’t it?; 0:35:42 quite often if I answer [ansə] the phone at one of my sister’s [sɪstəz] house some people can pick up straightaway others [ʊðəz] would say, “oh I’m ever [ɛvə] so sorry but I thought I was talking to Ros”, you know) horsES [ə > ɪ] (0:01:07 these days um […]marriages [maɹɪʤəz] don’t last that long (yeah, that’s right) and a lot of mum and dad’s friends have actually split up through marriage but mum and dad have kept it together which we’re quite pleased and proud of; 0:03:39 we’re always phoning back home as well we have a sister back there as well as um nieces [niːsəz] nephews uncles and aunties as well; 0:04:45 I don’t think there’ll be

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 13 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings much changes [ʧɛɪnʤəz] um it’s the sort of island where things basically stay as they are the houses [haʊsəz] the p… the houses [haʊsəz] are more designed by um American people; 0:08:16 it made you feel special I think as well being dressed up on a Sunday and um going out to church and then there was a it was a different community anyway because a lot of people went to church and the churches [ʧəːʧɪz] were fuller a lot fuller than what they are today; 0:08:53 in some ways it’s because nothing ever closes [kləʊzəz] any more (yeah) when we were little Saturday Sunday opening of the shops in town (the shops that’s right, yeah) it was just a no-no so therefore you went to church but now a lot of people are working on a Sunday) startED [ɪ > ə] (0:00:41 both originated [əɹɪʤɪnɛɪtɪd] from St Kitts um came to England in dad came in the late fifties mum came in the early sixties and they actually met in England and married here in Nottingham; 0:03:00 well thing is they’re retired now they’ve always worked they’ve retired and they’ve always wanted [wɒntɪd] to travel; 0:11:18 although we do sometimes say to them though that they’re a bit cheeky today (yeah) in our days we respected [ɹɪspɛktɪd] (the elder) our elder, didn’t we? (yes, yeah) and these lot, you know, no; 0:28:30 yeah, and you’d sort of hear it but not not comment on it, would you, you’d just let it in there and out there you wouldn’t (yeah, in our in our time) to to us it was a a word not to be repeated [ɹɪpiːtəd]) mornING [ɪ] (0:01:28 weather’s beautiful um it was a lot different to when I l… went last went about twelve years ago but um ’cause all the houses, like, have developed and are better and everything [ɛvɹɪθɪŋk]; 0:08:53 in some ways it’s because nothing [nʊθɪŋ] ever closes any more (yeah) when we were little Saturday Sunday opening [əʊpənɪn] of the shops in town (the shops that’s right, yeah) it was just a no-no so therefore you went to church but now a lot of people are working [wəːkɪn] on a Sunday; 0:21:37 we talk here in Nottingham [nɒtɪŋəm] so and we think we’re common but there a… people in Birmingham [bəːmɪnəm] will speak in their Brummy accent and they think it’s, do you know what I mean so (yeah, yeah) works the other way, doesn’t it, really; 0:31:00 everything [ɛvɹɪθɪŋ] about her changed (body language everything, [ɛvɹɪθɪŋ] yeah) she realised that she had family in Nottingham [nɒtɪŋəm] and I’d come from Nottingham [nɒtɪŋhəm])

ZERO RHOTICITY

PLOSIVES

T frequent word final T-glottaling (e.g. 0:01:28 weather’s beautiful um it was a lot [lɒʔ] different to when I l… went [wɛnʔ] last went about twelve years ago but um ’cause all the houses, like, have developed and are better and everything; 0:02:36 (what does it look like?) I can’t [kɑːnʔ] really answer that [ðaʔ] ’cause I’ve only been the once and it was way back in was it 1989 so I’ll pass it to Val; 0:02:43 blue seas white [waɪʔ] sand just lovely very relaxing and peaceful; 0:06:00 that [ðaʔ] is the main meeting point [pɔɪnʔ] for them for everybody apart [pɑːʔ] from church; 0:06:34 (what impression can you give us of the Meadows?) um to other people it [ɪʔ] looks rough but [bʊʔ] when you live here you get [gɛʔ] to, like, know what it’s all about [əbaːʔ] and it’s not [nɒʔ] really that [ðaʔ] bad; 0:16:59 (‘skive’) (well in our days was it [ɪʔ] was it [ɪʔ] ‘nick off’?) yeah, it uh, yes, um ‘skank’ or summat [sʊməʔ] like that [ðaʔ] it [ɪʔ] would be, wouldn’t it? [wʊntɪʔ] (yeah, yeah); 0:24:06 ‘toilet’ [tɔɪləʔ] we got [gɒʔ] ‘bog’ definitely [dɛfnəʔli] ‘bog’, ain’t it? (used to be) yeah, definitely [dɛfnəʔli] ‘bog’ (used to be um when we was at [əʔ] school and [ðaʔ] but [bəʔ] now it’s the ‘toilet’ [tɔɪləʔ]); 0:28:30 yeah, and you’d sort of [sɔːʔə] hear it [ɪʔ] but [bʊʔ] not [nɒʔ] not [nɒʔ]

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 14 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings comment on it, [ɪʔ] would you, you’d just let it [ɪʔ] in there and out [aːʔ] there you wouldn’t [wʊnʔ] (yeah, in our in our time) to to us it [ɪʔ] was a a word not [nɒʔ] to be repeated; 0:35:36 (we all sound alike really, don’t we, especially Rosalind and I) (yes) but there’s nothing wrong with it [ɪʔ] (no, it’s fine) and um quite [kwaɪʔ] often if I answer the phone at [əʔ] one of my sister’s house some people can pick up straightaway) word medial & syllable initial T-glottaling (0:01:28 weather’s beautiful [bjuːʔɪfʊɫ] um it was a lot different to when I l… went last went about twelve years ago but um ’cause all the houses, like, have developed and are better and everything; 0:05:48 we go there on a Friday and Saturday night um it’s just, like, a little [ ] social club where we all meet up we play dominoes play cards pool darts all the sporty things that you do in a pub really; 0:07:30 and we used to love it that I think we used to really enjoy it, didn’t we? (yeah) don’t know what’s happened to us but just getting [gɛʔɪn] lazy, aren’t we, really; 0:09:17 I mean you go to school in the week anyway Saturdays [saʔədɪz] was um (cleaning day) a day to to clean the house and everything and wash your clothes etcetera and then Sunday was it was a nice relaxing day; 0:20:05 ‘pickney’ um we would just use if you’re on about somebody’s child so if you’re on about somebody’s child you say ‘Phoebe pickney’ or ‘she pickney’ or whatever, [wɒʔɛvə] you know; 0:38:36 (there’s just something about it) they don’t sound the same and they’re not they’re not going to be fluent at it because they’ll only be able to talk certain [ ] words in it) T-tapping (0:03:47 (what about you, Lauren, have you ever been?) I went when I was a baby but can’t really remember what it [wɒɾ ɪʔ] was like; 0:06:34 (what impression can you give us of the Meadows?) um to other people it looks rough but when you live here you get to, like, know what it’s [wɒɾ ɪts] all about and it’s not really that bad) T-voicing (0:28:45 I think we’d’ve got [gɒd] it from school and friends basically (yeah) but not from in the house; 0:36:19 dad’ll say to mum, “oh, um Rosalie phoned today” but um and I’m saying, “mum, I didn’t ring you it was Amelia” so even he’s got [gɒd] it wrong)

G, B 2 palatalisation of G (0:39:22 it’s ‘English girl’, [gjaɫ] isn’t it, they call you when you go down there […] they know we’re from England, don’t they […] ‘girl’ [gjaɫ] and is it ‘boy’, isn’t it, really? (yeah, ‘boy’) ‘boy’; 0:42:02 (do that again ’cause I couldn’t possibly make that out) “watch for the girl [gjaɫ] face now watch how she a-grin and watch me” (oh God) to you I take it it sounds like a different language, doesn’t it?) 2 B with W-glide (0:39:22 it’s ‘English girl’, isn’t it, they call you when you go down there […] they know we’re from England, don’t they […] ‘girl’ and is it ‘boy’, [bwaɪ] isn’t it, really? (yeah, ‘boy’ [bwaɪ]) ‘boy’ [bwaɪ])

NASALS

NG frequent NG-fronting (e.g. 0:02:43 blue seas white sand just lovely very relaxing [ɹɪlaksɪn] and peaceful; 0:03:39 we’re always phoning [fəʊnɪn] back home as well we have a sister back there as well as um nieces nephews uncles and aunties as well; 0:07:50 yeah, you used to love putting [pʊtɪn] on your Sunday best and your nice posh shoes and your fancy dress oh it used to be sweet; 0:08:53 in some ways it’s because nothing ever closes any more (yeah) when we were little Saturday Sunday opening [əʊpənɪn] of the shops in town (the shops that’s right, yeah) it was just a no-no so therefore you went to church but now a lot of people are working [wəːkɪn] on a Sunday; 0:09:17 I mean you go to school in the week anyway Saturdays was um (cleaning [kliːnɪn] day) a day to to clean the house and everything and wash your clothes etcetera and then Sunday was it was a nice relaxing [ɹɪlaxɪn] day; 0:15:08 as we talk we’ll try and do a bit as we talk if we do it that if we do it that way ’cause it’s hard to just come out and say

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 15 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings something [sʊmɪn] now, isn’t it?; 0:21:25 I don’t think Nottingham [nɒtɪnəm] people’ve got an accent but um I’ve got friends in Birmingham [bəːmɪnəm] and when I talk to them and they say, “oh, you know, you’ve got an accent” (yeah) I can’t hear it (peo… people do there is an accent for Nottingham […] people do recognise it)) <-thing> with NK (0:01:28 weather’s beautiful um it was a lot different to when I l… went last went about twelve years ago but um ’cause all the houses, like, have developed and are better and everything [ɛvɹɪθɪŋk])

N syllabic N with nasal release (0:11:18 although we do sometimes say to them though that they’re a bit cheeky today (yeah) in our days we respected (the elder) our elder, didn’t [dɪ ] we? (yes, yeah) and these lot, you know, no; 0:26:55 (I mean, you get it all the time, don’t you, you know if if you do summat naughty when you’re little, “eh, you little bugger” and) although our our mum and dad didn’t [dɪ ] use it (mum, oh no no no, but it was people used it to us though, didn’t they, if we ever got into mischief when we were playing out, “you little bugger”)) syllabic N with epenthetic schwa (0:18:05 (would you use that though or?) I wouldn’t, [wʊdənʔ] no, no because that’s like I said before that’s not how I talk; 0:26:55 I mean, you get it all the time, don’t you, you know if if you do summat naughty when you’re little, “eh, you little bugger” and (although our our mum and dad didn’t use it) mum, oh no no no, but it was people used it to us though, didn’t [dɪdənʔ] they, if we ever got into mischief when we were playing out, “you little bugger”; 0:28:00 we never used to hear any swearing not especially not at home now and again out on the street when we was out playing (not often [ɒftən] though) but not often [ɒftən] at all definitely not (and never heard par… parents never swore well not in front of us anyway if they did we never swore to each other either); 0:35:42 quite often [ɒftən] if I answer the phone at one of my sister’s house some people can pick up straightaway others would say, “oh I’m ever so sorry but I thought I was talking to Ros”, you know)

FRICATIVES

H H-dropping (0:01:22 well Valerie’s just come from St Kitts a week and half [wiːk ən ɑːf] ago so (yeah, two weeks two weeks ago); 0:06:34 (what impression can you give us of the Meadows?) um to other people it looks rough but when you live here [ɪː]; you get to, like, know what it’s all about and it’s not really that bad; 0:07:30 and we used to love it that I think we used to really enjoy it, didn’t we? (yeah) don’t know what’s happened [apənd] to us but just getting lazy, aren’t we, really; 0:26:03 if you’re ‘lacking money’ you’re ‘skint’, aren’t you? (yes) you’re ‘skint’, you know, you ain’t got no money um ‘pissed’ if you’re ‘drunk’ ‘pissed to the head’ [ɛd] aren’t you?) hypercorrect H (0:36:19 dad’ll say to mum, “oh, um Rosalie phoned today” but um and I’m saying, “mum, I didn’t ring you it was Amelia” so even [hiːvən] he’s got it wrong)

TH 2 TH-stopping (0:37:36 when she when she went to West Indies it’s the same thing (when was that?) when was that in St Kitts (what she talked in) she broke out in one piece of talk out there [deː] (did she?) yeah; 0:25:09 uh mum might say, “go upstairs and look for the thing” [tɪŋ] […] “you know the [di] the [di] red thing [tɪŋ] up there, [deː] you know” something like that she’ll say; 0:42:02 (do that again ’cause I couldn’t possibly make that out) “watch for the [dɪ] girl face now watch how she a-grin and watch me” (oh God) to you I take it it sounds like a different language, doesn’t it?) TH-fronting (0:06:44 (why do you think people have this impression of it then?) ’cause of all the bad things [fɪŋz] that happen but when you’re there it doesn’t, like, seem to affect you really; 0:22:18 there’s

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 16 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings snobby people that talk, like, proper English and then there’s others [ʊvəz] that talk slang so there is a bit of difference (do do you notice it at school ’cause you go to a school out of the Meadows?) yeah, they all talk like, “hello” and “are you OK?” and we’re like, “yeah, you all right?” and we’re just totally different; 0:28:00 (we never used to hear any swearing not especially not at home now and again out on the street when we was out playing) not often though (but not often at all definitely not) and never heard par… parents never swore well not in front of us anyway if they did we never swore to each other either [ʊvəɹ iːvə]; 0:33:52 (yeah, back in the in the s…) yeah (in the seventies it was) yeah (wasn’t it, it was ‘half-caste’, wasn’t it, yeah) yeah, because y… you was either [iːvə] black white or (yeah, ‘half-caste’) ‘Paki’ well now it’s not a ‘Paki’ it’s an ‘Asian’)

LIQUIDS

3 R approximant R (0:00:41 both originated [əɹɪʤɪnɛɪtɪd] from St Kitts um came to England in dad came in the late fifties mum came in the early sixties and they actually met in England and married [maɹid] here in [hɪːɹ ɪn] Nottingham; 0:01:07 these days um […] marriages [maɹɪʤəz] don’t last that long (yeah, that’s right [ɹaɪʔ]) and a lot of mum and dad’s friends [fɹɛndz] have actually split up through [θɹuː] marriage [maɹɪʤ] but mum and dad have kept it together which we’re quite pleased and proud [pɹaʊd] of; 0:09:45 yes, Sundays were a [wəːɹ ə] nice day and we always had a proper [pɹɒpə] cooked dinner which traditional [tɹədɪʃnəɫ] for us [fəɹ ʊz] is rice [ɹaɪs] and peas and chicken fried [fɹaɪd] chicken rice [ɹaɪs] and peas that’s our Sunday dinner and for me it still is; 0:19:20 actually it’s like the Caribbean [kaɹəbiən] they would use the the word a pretty [pɹɪti] ‘dandan’ and basically you’re on about a dress, [dɹɛs] you know (a small child’s dress [dɹɛs]) yeah, “it’s a pretty [pɹɪtɪ] dandan”) labiodental R (0:02:43 blue seas white sand just lovely very [vɛʋi] relaxing and peaceful; 0:03:39 we’re always [wɪːʋ ɔːɫwɪz] phoning back home as well we have a sister back there as well as um nieces nephews uncles and aunties as well; 0:05:48 we go there on a Friday [fʋaɪdɪ] and Saturday night um it’s just, like, a little social club where we all meet up we play dominoes play cards pool darts all the sporty things that you do in a pub really; 0:15:44 like I say we only bring [bʋɪŋ] that out amongst ourselves now and again normally we talk as we are talking now; 0:21:37 we talk here in Nottingham so and we think we’re common but there a… people in Birmingham will speak in their Brummy [bʋʊmi] accent and they think it’s, do you know what I mean so (yeah, yeah) works the other way, doesn’t it, really)

L clear onset L (0:00:41 both originated from St Kitts um came to England [ɪŋglənd] in dad came in the late [lɛɪt] fifties mum came in the early [əːlɪ] sixties and they actually [akʧəlɪ] met in England [ɪŋglənd] and married here in Nottingham; 0:01:59 (it’s a small island [aɪlənd] it’s um) yeah, it’s six… sixty-four square miles St Kitts is (yeah) I’m not sure of the population [pɒpjəlɛɪʃən] but um they have a lot [lɒt] of Americans down there for holidays [hɒlədɪz]; 0:09:17 I mean you go to school in the week anyway Saturdays was um (cleaning [kliːnɪn] day) a day to to clean [kliːn] the house and everything and wash your clothes [kləʊz] etcetera and then Sunday was it was a nice relaxing [ɹɪlaxɪn] day) dark coda L (0:01:28 weather’s beautiful [bjuːʔɪfʊɫ] um it was a lot different to when I l… went last went about twelve [twɛɫv] years ago but um ’cause all [ɔːɫ] the houses, like, have developed and are better and everything; 0:05:48 we go there on a Friday and Saturday night um it’s just, like, a little [ ] social club [səʊʃəɫ klʊb] where we all [ɔːɫ] meet up we play dominoes play cards pool [puːɫ] darts all the sporty

3 One speaker (Valerie) varies between [ɹ ~ ʋ]; the other speakers consistently use [ɹ].

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 17 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings things that you do in a pub really; 0:08:16 it made you feel [fiːɫ] special [spɛʃəɫ] I think as well being dressed up on a Sunday and um going out to church and then there was a it was a different community anyway because a lot of people [piːp ] went to church and the churches were fuller a lot fuller than what they are today; 0:20:05 ‘pickney’ um we would just use if you’re on about somebody’s child [ʧaɪɫd] so if you’re on about somebody’s child [ʧaɪɫd] you say ‘Phoebe pickney’ or ‘she pickney’ or whatever, you know) L–vocalisation (0:08:16 it made you feel special I think as well [əz wɛʊ] being dressed up on a Sunday and um going out to church and then there was a it was a different community anyway because a lot of people went to church and the churches were fuller a lot fuller than what they are today; 0:10:00 um in fact I rarely cook and if I do cook um it could be, like, the normal [nɔːmʊ] um I’d put it as English dinner which is, like, you know, Yorkshire puddings and things um unless I go to Amelia’s for dinner; 0:24:58 it is because I work there ’cause I use the word ‘petal’ [pɛtʊ] with with the children; 0:26:27 there’s a word that I that I used to use and aunty Mary used to sa… say I was I was it was a rude word (‘bugger’ ‘bugger’) ‘bugger’, yeah, I’d say, “you bugger” (“oh you little bugger”) and my aunty said yeah, “you little [lɪkə] bugger” and aunty Mary would say, “oh, that’s swearing you mustn’t say that”; 0:26:55 I mean, you get it all the time, don’t you, you know if if you do summat naughty when you’re little, [lɪkʊ] “eh, you little [lɪkə] bugger” and (although our our mum and dad didn’t use it) mum, oh no no no, but it was people used it to us though, didn’t they, if we ever got into mischief when we were playing out, “you little [lɪkə] bugger”; 0:39:57 but saying that though she does come with it a little [lɪtʊ] bit you can see on her face she does come with a it a little [lɪtʊ] bit but not much) syllabic L with lateral release (0:26:27 (there’s a word that I that I used to use and aunty Mary used to sa… say I was I was it was a rude word) ‘bugger’ ‘bugger’ (‘bugger’, yeah, I’d say, “you bugger”) “oh you little [lɪ ] bugger” (and my aunty said yeah, “you little bugger” and aunty Mary would say, “oh, that’s swearing you mustn’t say that”)) syllabic L with epenthetic schwa (0:18:45 what did you have a de… a case where there was um a gentleman [ʤɛntəɫmən] on your team and um a ‘vest’ um what what you’d call a ‘vest’ he called (a ‘merino’) was it a ‘merino’ (a ‘merino’) a ‘merino’; 0:24:54 (what do you say?) who me? (yeah) well f... it is ’cause of it is because I work there ’cause I use the word ‘petal’ [pɛtəɫ] with with the children (yeah))

GLIDES yod dropping with N (0:34:48 it doesn’t bother me at all um the way they speak on the telly and the news [nuːz] anyway is in Nottingham anyway the well I watch East Midlands Today4 or the Central News5 [nuːz] and that’s based here anyway) yod coalescence (0:02:51 (mind you, that’s where mum and dad are at the moment they are there on holiday) yeah, they they’re due [ʤuː] back they’re due [ʤuː] back on Saturday; 0:06:12 I mean we do we do associate [əsəʊʃiɛɪʔ] with others but it’s it’s still nice to, like, have your community and have your your your ow… what’s it your own people around you sort of thing; 0:37:59 she’ll come back and she got the Brummy accent (the uh, yeah) or she goes to Leeds she comes back and she’s got the Yorkshire, do you know [ʤənəʊ] (she picks it up straightaway) yeah, yeah)

ELISION prepositions

4 Regional television news and current affairs programme broadcast by BBC in the East Midlands. 5 Regional television news and current affairs programme produced by ITV Central, UK independent television contractor for the Midlands owned and operated by ITV.

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 18 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings of reduction (0:04:55 they’re, like, bungalows majority of [ə] them are, like, three bedrooms two bathrooms en suites which um en suites not a lot of us have here anyway so really they’re a bit (better than us in that way) better than us in in that sense, yeah, but um and the people are very nice and friendly can’t fault the people; 0:06:12 I mean we do we do associate with others but it’s it’s still nice to, like, have your community and have your your your ow… what’s it your own people around you sort of [ə] thing; 0:28:30 yeah, and you’d sort of [sɔːʔə] hear it but not not comment on it, would you, you’d just let it in there and out there you wouldn’t (yeah, in our in our time) to to us it was a a word not to be repeated; 0:35:42 quite often if I answer the phone at one of [ə] my sister’s house some people can pick up straightaway others would say, “oh I’m ever so sorry but I thought I was talking to Ros”, you know) to reduction (0:10:00 um in fact I rarely cook and if I do cook um it could be, like, the normal um I’d put it as English dinner which is, like, you know, Yorkshire puddings and things um unless I go to Amelia’s [təmiːliəz] for dinner) negation frequent secondary contraction (e.g. 0:07:30 and we used to love it that I think we used to really enjoy it, didn’t [dɪnʔ] we? (yeah) don’t know what’s happened to us but just getting lazy, aren’t we, really; 0:16:59 (‘skive’) (well in our days was it was it ‘nick off’?) yeah, it uh, yes, um ‘skank’ or summat like that it would be, wouldn’t it? [wʊntɪʔ] (yeah, yeah); 0:26:15 (I don’t think it’s swearing) I don’t (but some people do), I I think it is, yep, and I wouldn’t [wʊnʔ] like um to use it in front of my young youngest child; 0:28:30 yeah, and you’d sort of hear it but not not comment on it, would you, you’d just let it in there and out there you wouldn’t [wʊnʔ] (yeah, in our in our time) to to us it was a a word not to be repeated; 0:32:34 (I had that actually in Liverpool I asked for a ‘chip cob’ and they call it a ‘barm cake’) ‘barm cake’ oh right for ‘chip cob’ (yeah, ‘barm cake’) that’s a bit funny, isn’t it? [ɪntɪʔ] (thought you’d’ve thought a ‘chip butty’ or summat, wouldn’t you? [wʊnʔjə]); 0:32:48 we used to call it a ‘sucker’ when we were young, didn’t [dɪnʔ] we, yeah, “mum can I have a sucker?” didn’t, [dɪnʔ] wasn’t it, you know (I st… I still do I still call it a ‘sucker’, yeah) (yeah) (no, my my children it’s ‘ice lolly’) […] (do I say ‘sucker’ I don’t I don’t say ‘sucker’, do I, I don’t think) (no) no, but in our days it was ‘sucker’ definitely ‘sucker’, wasn’t it?; 0:33:18 the only way I’d pull her up is if it was summat that she shouldn’t [ʃʊnʔ] be saying summat wrong but otherwise no; 0:34:58 but no, I wouldn’t [wʊnʔ] say it bothered me (no) not at all (no, it doesn’t doesn’t bother me, either); 0:36:19 dad’ll say to mum, “oh, um Rosalie phoned today” but um and I’m saying, “mum, I didn’t [dɪnʔ] ring you it was Amelia” so even he’s got it wrong; 0:39:22 it’s ‘English girl’, isn’t it, [ɪnɪʔ] they call you when you go down there […] they know we’re from England, don’t they […] ‘girl’ and is it ‘boy’, isn’t it, [ɪntɪʔ] really? (yeah, ‘boy’) ‘boy’) simplification frequent word final consonant cluster reduction (e.g. 0:01:28 weather’s beautiful um it was a lot different to when I l… went last [las] went about twelve years ago but um ’cause all the houses, like, have developed and are better and everything; 0:07:30 and we used to love it that I think we used to really enjoy it, didn’t we? (yeah) don’t know [dʌnəʊ] what’s happened to us but just getting lazy, aren’t we, really; 0:09:17 I mean you go to school in the week anyway Saturdays was um (cleaning day) a day to to clean the house and everything and wash your clothes [kləʊz] etcetera and then Sunday was it was a nice relaxing day; 0:15:08 as we talk we’ll try and do a bit as we talk if we do it that if we do it that way ’cause it’s hard to just come out and say something now, isn’t it? [ɪzənɪʔ]; 0:15:19 (more excitement) (yes, more excitement) more excitement definitely, yeah, when you when you break out in it, isn’t it, [ɪzənɪʔ] um, yeah (or when you’re cursing somebody (well, yeah) or when you’re ‘cussing’ somebody); 0:15:44 like I say we only bring that out amongst [əmɒŋks] ourselves now and again normally we talk as we are talking now; 0:21:37 we talk here in Nottingham so and we think we’re common but there a… people in Birmingham

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 19 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings will speak in their Brummy accent and they think it’s, do you know what I mean so (yeah, yeah) works the other way, doesn’t it, [dʌzənɪʔ] really; 0:24:06 ‘toilet’ we got ‘bog’ definitely ‘bog’, ain’t it? [ɛɪnɪʔ] (used to be) yeah, definitely ‘bog’ (used to be um when we was at school and that but now it’s the ‘toilet’); 0:26:03 if you’re ‘lacking money’ you’re ‘skint’, aren’t you? (yes) you’re ‘skint’, you know, you ain’t got [ɛɪŋgɒʔ] no money um ‘pissed’ if you’re ‘drunk’ ‘pissed to the head’, aren’t you?; 0:32:48 we used to call it a ‘sucker’ when we were young, didn’t we, yeah, “mum can I have a sucker?” didn’t, wasn’t it, [wɒzənɪʔ] you know (I st… I still do I still call it a ‘sucker’, yeah) (yeah) (no, my my children it’s ‘ice lolly’) […] (do I say ‘sucker’ I don’t I don’t say ‘sucker’, do I, I don’t think) (no) no, but in our days it was ‘sucker’ definitely ‘sucker’, wasn’t it? [wɒzənɪʔ]; 0:33:27 I think I had that with my daughter who’s now seventeen and um it was a matter over um being um ‘half-caste’ and ‘mixed race’ and politi… politically correct it is ‘mixed raced’ but we were brought up if you were mixed breed you were ‘half- caste’ [hɑːfkas]; 0:39:22 it’s ‘English girl’, isn’t it, [ɪnɪʔ] they call you when you go down there […] they know we’re from England, don’t they […] ‘girl’ and is it ‘boy’, isn’t it, really? (yeah, ‘boy’) ‘boy’) word medial consonant cluster reduction (0:15:08 as we talk we’ll try and do a bit as we talk if we do it that if we do it that way ’cause it’s hard to just come out and say something [sʊmɪn] now, isn’t it?; 0:21:25 (I don’t think Nottingham people’ve got an accent but um I’ve got friends in Birmingham and when I talk to them and they say, “oh, you know, you’ve got an accent”) yeah (I can’t hear it) peo… people do there is an accent for Nottingham […] people do recognise [ɹɛkənaɪz] it; 0:35:15 um they probably [pɹɒbəlɪ] spent a lot more tome listening to the radio more than watching the TV, yeah) word initial syllable reduction (0:06:00 that is the main meeting point for them for everybody apart [pɑːʔ] from church) syllable deletion (0:02:29 there still is a sug... sugar cane factory [faktɹɪ] but a lot of it is tourism now with the hotels; 0:15:58 I’ve recently returned from Canada two weeks in Canada and I’d met an English family [famli] out there) definite article reduction (0:33:18 the only [ðəʊnɪ] way I’d pull her up is if it was summat that she shouldn’t be saying summat wrong but otherwise no) it reduction (0:11:41 yeah, because you’re looking at um s… roughly it is [tɪz] about all of us that come down and then we’ve all got children) L-deletion (0:03:00 well thing is they’re retired now they’ve always [ɔːwɪz] worked they’ve retired and they’ve always [ɔːwɪz] wanted to travel; 0:11:18 although [əðəʊ] we do sometimes say to them though that they’re a bit cheeky today (yeah) in our days we respected (the elder) our elder, didn’t we? (yes, yeah) and these lot, you know, no; 0:15:44 like I say we only [əʊnɪ] bring that out amongst ourselves now and again normally we talk as we are talking now; 0:33:18 the only [əʊnɪ] way I’d pull her up is if it was summat that she shouldn’t be saying summat wrong but otherwise no) V-deletion with have (0:28:45 I think we’d’ve [wɪdə] got it from school and friends basically (yeah) but not from in the house; 0:32:34 (I had that actually in Liverpool I asked for a ‘chip cob’ and they call it a ‘barm cake’) (‘barm cake’ oh right for ‘chip cob’) (yeah, ‘barm cake’) (that’s a bit funny, isn’t it?) thought you’d’ve [judə] thought a ‘chip butty’ or summat, wouldn’t you?)

LIAISON frequent linking R (e.g. 0:00:41 both originated from St Kitts um came to England in dad came in the late fifties mum came in the early sixties and they actually met in England and married here in [hɪːɹ ɪn] Nottingham; 0:01:28 weather’s beautiful um it was a lot different to when I l… went last went about twelve years ago but um ’cause all the houses, like, have developed and are better and everything [bɛtəɹ ən ɛvɹɪθɪŋk]; 0:03:39 we’re always [wɪːʋ ɔːɫwɪz] phoning back home as well we have a sister back there

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 20 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings as well as um nieces nephews uncles and aunties as well; 0:09:45 yes, Sundays were a [wəːɹ ə] nice day and we always had a proper cooked dinner which traditional for us [fəɹ ʊz] is rice and peas and chicken fried chicken rice and peas that’s our Sunday dinner and for me it still is; 0:11:18 although we do sometimes say to them though that they’re a bit cheeky today (yeah) in our days we respected (the elder) our elder, [aːɹ ɛɫdə] didn’t we? (yes, yeah) and these lot, you know, no; 0:17:13 (yeah, ‘wag off school’) (yeah, ‘wag off’, yeah) but uh but also to be honest um we never we were never into [nɛvəɹ ɪntə] that anyway, was we? (no); 0:28:00 (we never used to hear any swearing not especially not at home now and again out on the street when we was out playing) not often though (but not often at all definitely not) and never heard par… parents never swore well not in front of us anyway if they did we never swore to each other either [ʊvəɹ iːvə]; 0:33:27 I think I had that with my daughter who’s [dɔːtəɹ uːz] now seventeen and um it was a matter over um [matəɹ əʊvəɹ əm] being um ‘half-caste’ and ‘mixed race’ and politi… politically correct it is ‘mixed raced’ but we were brought up if you were mixed breed you were ‘half- caste’; 0:34:48 it doesn’t bother me at all um the way they speak on the telly and the news anyway is in Nottingham anyway the well I watch East Midlands Today4 or the Central News5 and that’s based here anyway [hɪːɹ ɛnɪwɛɪ]) zero linking R (0:0:59 (it’s a small island it’s um) yeah, it’s six… sixty-four square miles St Kitts is (yeah) I’m not sure of [ʃɔː əv] the population but um they have a lot of Americans down there for holidays; 0:11:18 although we do sometimes say to them though that they’re a [ðɛː ə] bit cheeky today (yeah) in our days we respected (the elder) our elder, didn’t we? (yes, yeah) and these lot, you know, no; 0:19:20 actually it’s like the Caribbean they would use the the word a pretty ‘dandan’ and basically you’re on [jə ɒn] about a dress, you know (a small child’s dress) yeah, “it’s a pretty dandan”) intrusive R (0:31:17 she could she were quite versatile she spoke the Canadian because she’d lived in Canada a long [kanədəʋ ə lɒŋ] time but she could also go back to speaking Nottingham and I also met her mother who was born and raised in England and then went over to Canada)

SUBSTITUTION

TL with K(L) (0:08:53 in some ways it’s because nothing ever closes any more (yeah) when we were little [lɪk ] Saturday Sunday opening of the shops in town (the shops that’s right, yeah) it was just a no-no so therefore you went to church but now a lot of people are working on a Sunday; 0:26:27 there’s a word that I that I used to use and aunty Mary used to sa… say I was I was it was a rude word (‘bugger’ ‘bugger’) ‘bugger’, yeah, I’d say, “you bugger” (“oh you little bugger”) and my aunty said yeah, “you little [lɪkə] bugger” and aunty Mary would say, “oh, that’s swearing you mustn’t say that”; 0:26:55 I mean, you get it all the time, don’t you, you know if if you do summat naughty when you’re little, [lɪkʊ] “eh, you little [lɪkə] bugger” and (although our our mum and dad didn’t use it) mum, oh no no no, but it was people used it to us though, didn’t they, if we ever got into mischief when we were playing out, “you little [lɪkə] bugger”)

+/- VOICE

Asian (0:33:52 (yeah, back in the in the s…) yeah (in the seventies it was) yeah (wasn’t it, it was ‘half- caste’, wasn’t it, yeah) yeah, because y… you was either black white or (yeah, ‘half-caste’) ‘Paki’ well now it’s not a ‘Paki’ it’s an ‘Asian’ [ɛɪʒən]) houses (0:04:45 I don’t think there’ll be much changes um it’s the sort of island where things basically stay as they are the houses [haʊsəz] the p… the houses [haʊsəz] are more designed by um American people)

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WEAK-STRONG CONTRAST vowel reduction weak definite article + vowel (0:01:49 the last time I went was the year 2000 and the [ðə] island is a nice island) vowel strengthening (0:02:11 tourism is one of the main um ways that the the island makes money through tourism it used to be through sugar sugar cane but um a lot of people don’t bother um working the fields any more and they actually have people in from [fɹɒm] places like um Guyana that actually come in and um cut the sugar cane; 0:15:58 I’ve recently returned from Canada [kanɪdɐ] two weeks in Canada [kanɪdə] and I’d met an English family out there; 0:25:09 uh mum might say, “go upstairs and look for the thing” […] “you know the [di] the [di] red thing up there, you know” something like that she’ll say; 0:42:02 (do that again ’cause I couldn’t possibly make that out) “watch for the [dɪ] girl face now watch how she a-grin and watch me” (oh God) to you I take it it sounds like a different language, doesn’t it?)

PROSODY intonation low falling terminal (0:03:00 well thing is they’re retired now they’ve always worked they’ve retired and they’ve always wanted to travel; 0:12:33 (what is this soup then what does she put in it, nanny?) (um chicken dumpling with um carrots and) (what’s that yams) yams dasheen sweet potato (sweet potato green banana) green banana (all all) pumpkin sometimes (yeah, pumpkins, yes) (all them sort of things) it’s it’s a proper West Indian soup it is, you know, we all love it, don’t we?) stress shift (0:00:41 both originated from St Kitts [ˈsɛɪŋˌkɪts] um came to England in dad came in the late fifties mum came in the early sixties and they actually met in England and married here in Nottingham; 0:37:36 when she when she went to West Indies it’s the same thing (when was that?) when was that in St Kitts [ˈsɛɪŋˌkɪts] (what she talked in) she broke out in one piece of talk out there (did she?) yeah) LEXICALLY SPECIFIC VARIATION again (0:13:53 some some people may find mum hard to understand when she does break out in her patwa and goes off broad, yeah, but normally we just talk normal normal English as far as I’m concerned (yeah) it’s only now and again [əgɛn] sometimes if we’re having a joke and a laugh that one of us may bring something out in patwa; 0:28:00 we never used to hear any swearing not especially not at home now and again [əgɛn] out on the street when we was out playing (not often though) but not often at all definitely not (and never heard par… parents never swore well not in front of us anyway if they did we never swore to each other either)) (be)cause (0:06:44 (why do you think people have this impression of it then?) ’cause [kʊz] of all the bad things that happen but when you’re there it doesn’t, like, seem to affect you really; 0:08:16 it made you feel special I think as well being dressed up on a Sunday and um going out to church and then there was a it was a different community anyway because [bɪkəz] a lot of people went to church and the churches were fuller a lot fuller than what they are today; 0:08:53 in some ways it’s because [bɪkʊz] nothing ever closes any more (yeah) when we were little Saturday Sunday opening of the shops in town (the shops that’s right, yeah) it was just a no-no so therefore you went to church but now a lot of people are working on a Sunday; 0:18:05 (would you use that though or?) I wouldn’t, no, no because [bɪkəz] that’s like I said before that’s not how I talk)

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 22 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings either (0:28:00 (we never used to hear any swearing not especially not at home now and again out on the street when we was out playing) not often though (but not often at all definitely not) and never heard par… parents never swore well not in front of us anyway if they did we never swore to each other either [iːvə]; 0:33:52 (yeah, back in the in the s…) yeah (in the seventies it was) yeah (wasn’t it, it was ‘half- caste’, wasn’t it, yeah) yeah, because y… you was either [iːvə] black white or (yeah, ‘half-caste’) ‘Paki’ well now it’s not a ‘Paki’ it’s an ‘Asian’; 0:34:58 (but no, I wouldn’t say it bothered me) no (not at all) no, it doesn’t doesn’t bother me, either [iːðɐ]) etcetera (0:03:13 I mean they pay these pensions etcetera [ɛksɛtɹɐ] and then uh they don’t get to use the money so at least with with mum and dad we’re lucky that they can do that; 0:09:17 I mean you go to school in the week anyway Saturdays was um (cleaning day) a day to to clean the house and everything and wash your clothes etcetera [ɛksɛtɹə] and then Sunday was it was a nice relaxing day) mischief (0:26:55 I mean, you get it all the time, don’t you, you know if if you do summat naughty when you’re little, “eh, you little bugger” and (although our our mum and dad didn’t use it) mum, oh no no no, but it was people used it to us though, didn’t they, if we ever got into mischief [mɪsʧiːf] when we were playing out, “you little bugger”) often (0:28:00 we never used to hear any swearing not especially not at home now and again out on the street when we was out playing (not often [ɒftən] though) but not often [ɒftən] at all definitely not (and never heard par… parents never swore well not in front of us anyway if they did we never swore to each other either); 0:35:42 quite often [ɒftən] if I answer the phone at one of my sister’s house some people can pick up straightaway others would say, “oh I’m ever so sorry but I thought I was talking to Ros”, you know) says (0:10:58 we all meet at mother’s like she says [sɛz] for di... for dinner (and we goo… have a good chin-wag and a good a good bitch and all the rest of it)) GRAMMAR

DETERMINERS definite article reduction (0:33:18 th’ only way I’d pull her up is if it was summat that she shouldn’t be saying summat wrong but otherwise no) zero definite article (0:03:00 well _ thing is they’re retired now they’ve always worked they’ve retired and they’ve always wanted to travel; 0:04:55 they’re, like, bungalows _ majority of them are, like, three bedrooms two bathrooms en suites which um en suites not a lot of us have here anyway so really they’re a bit (better than us in that way) better than us in in that sense, yeah, but um and the people are very nice and friendly can’t fault the people; 0:37:36 when she when she went to _ West Indies it’s the same thing (when was that?) when was that in St Kitts (what she talked in) she broke out in one piece of talk out there (did she?) yeah; 0:42:47 and I’d be listening, yeah, really um listening and then uh by _ time I’ve sort of understood that word I’ve missed that word and then ’cause you haven’t got the whole of it in, have you?) the premodification (0:02:36 (what does it look like?) I can’t really answer that ’cause I’ve only been the once and it was way back in was it 1989 so I’ll pass it to Val; 0:13:13 they do eat the two bowls (yeah) they don’t waste it (fo... followed by bread and jam) oh yeah) a for an (0:28:59 (and what about now do you think the kids have a different experience of swearing?) oh gosh, yes (yeah) I mean for some children every second word is, you know, has got a ‘F’ in it or something) zero indefinite article (0:01:22 well Valerie’s just come from St Kitts a week and _ half ago so (yeah, two weeks two weeks ago))

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 23 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings demonstrative them (0:12:33 (what is this soup then what does she put in it, nanny?) (um chicken dumpling with um carrots and) what’s that yams (yams dasheen sweet potato) sweet potato green banana (green banana) all al) (pumpkin sometimes) (yeah, pumpkins, yes) all them sort of things (it’s it’s a proper West Indian soup it is, you know, we all love it, don’t we?))

NOUNS zero possessive6 (0:20:05 ‘pickney’ um we would just use if you’re on about somebody’s child so if you’re on about somebody’s child you say ‘Phoebe pickney’ or ‘she pickney’ or whatever, you know; 0:42:02 (do that again ’cause I couldn’t possibly make that out) “watch for de gyal face now watch how she a-grin and watch me” (oh God) to you I take it it sounds like a different language, doesn’t it?1)

PRONOUNS pronoun exchange6 (0:17:53 uh ‘unwell’ f… is I would just say ‘sick’ anyway (yeah) or, “me na me na feel too good”; 0:20:05 ‘pickney’ um we would just use if you’re on about somebody’s child so if you’re on about somebody’s child you say ‘Phoebe pickney’ or ‘she pickney’ or whatever, you know) possessive me (0:16:16 Nottingham people actually do have an accent right I’m just gonna try and think of um something um ‘mash’ might be one and um ‘ey up’ when we used to be at school, “ey up me duck” (oh yeah, we all say ‘ey up’, don’t we, “ey up me duck” that’s it, “ey up me duck”); 0:35:42 quite often if I answer the phone at one of me sister’s house some people can pick up straightaway others would say, “oh I’m ever so sorry but I thought I was talking to Ros”, you know) relative that (0:22:18 there’s snobby people that talk, like, proper English and then there’s others that talk slang so there is a bit of difference (do do you notice it at school ’cause you go to a school out of the Meadows?) yeah, they all talk like, “hello” and “are you OK?” and we’re like, “yeah, you all right?” and we’re just totally different) zero relative (0:11:50 (OK she got a four bedroom house in the Meadows um but we’ve all got children) there’s about twen… twenty of us _ go round on on a weekend (so if when we get in, yeah, in fact we’re queuing for dinner))

VERBS past be – was generalisation (0:17:13 (yeah, ‘wag off school’) (yeah, ‘wag off’, yeah) but uh but also to be honest um we never we were never into that anyway, was we? (no); 0:24:06 (‘toilet’ we got ‘bog’ definitely ‘bog’, ain’t it?) used to be (yeah, definitely ‘bog’) used to be um when we was at school and that but now it’s the ‘toilet’; 0:28:00 we never used to hear any swearing not especially not at home now and again out on the street when we was out playing (not often though) but not often at all definitely not (and never heard par… parents never swore well not in front of us anyway if they did we never swore to each other either); 0:33:52 (yeah, back in the in the s…) yeah (in the seventies it was) yeah (wasn’t it, it was ‘half-caste’, wasn’t it, yeah) yeah, because y… you was either black white or (yeah, ‘half-caste’) ‘Paki’ well now it’s not a ‘Paki’ it’s an ‘Asian’) were generalisation (0:21:50 people in Nottingham actually do have an accent and you can tell that I think more when you go out say if you go to Birmingham or even Northampton ’cause Northampton was different, weren’t it?; 0:31:17 she could she were quite versatile she spoke the Canadian because she’d lived in Canada a long time but she could also go back to speaking Nottingham and I also met her mother who was born and raised in England and then went over to Canada)

6 This construction is consciously ‘performed’ in imitation of Caribbean English speakers.

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compounds participle6 (0:42:02 (do that again ’cause I couldn’t possibly make that out) “watch for de gyal face now watch how she a-grin and watch me” (oh God) to you I take it it sounds like a different language, doesn’t it?1) zero auxiliary be (0:22:18 there’s snobby people that talk, like, proper English and then there’s others that talk slang so there is a bit of difference (do do you notice it at school ’cause you go to a school out of the Meadows?) yeah, they all talk like, “hello” and “are you OK?” and we’re like, “yeah, _ you all right?” and we’re just totally different; 0:22:32 if someone’d say, “hello” you’d say, “ey up” (yeah) isn’t it, “_ you all right?” you know, and they say, “are you all right?” you go, “_ you all right?”) zero auxiliary have (0:11:50 OK she _ got a four bedroom house in the Meadows um but we’ve all got children (there’s about twen… twenty of us go round on on a weekend) so if when we get in, yeah, in fact we’re queuing for dinner; 0:24:06 ‘toilet’ we _ got ‘bog’ definitely ‘bog’, ain’t it? (used to be) yeah, definitely ‘bog’ (used to be um when we was at school and that but now it’s the ‘toilet’); 0:30:29 you _ got people posh people say they’re not gonna use the word ‘posh’ and then you’ve got people who are a bit lower as as they would look at them; 0:37:59 she’ll come back and she _ got the Brummy accent (the uh, yeah) or she goes to Leeds she comes back and she’s got the Yorkshire, do you know (she picks it up straightaway) yeah, yeah) invariant there is~was (0:11:50 (OK she got a four bedroom house in the Meadows um but we’ve all got children) there’s about twen… twenty of us go round on on a weekend (so if when we get in, yeah, in fact we’re queuing for dinner); 0:16:04 and she’d actually brought a boo… and English book a… about Nottingham ‘The Nottingham slang’ it was called and there was words that she described that made me think about Nottingham and thought, “hey, yes, she’s right”; 0:22:18 there’s snobby people that talk, like, proper English and then there’s others that talk slang so there is a bit of difference (do do you notice it at school ’cause you go to a school out of the Meadows?) yeah, they all talk like, “hello” and “are you OK?” and we’re like, “yeah, you all right?” and we’re just totally different; 0:35:57 there’s um there’s five girls one boy I think I I think four well I can sound like all of them personally) bare infinitive (0:17:39 ‘having a nap’ or, “go _ lie down” as we would say) full verb have (0:03:39 we’re always phoning back home as well we have a sister back there as well as um nieces nephews uncles and aunties as well)

NEGATION multiple negation (0:26:03 if you’re ‘lacking money’ you’re ‘skint’, aren’t you? (yes) you’re ‘skint’, you know, you ain’t got no money um ‘pissed’ if you’re ‘drunk’ ‘pissed to the head’, aren’t you?) alternative negator6 (0:17:53 uh ‘unwell’ f… is I would just say ‘sick’ anyway (yeah) or, “me na me na feel too good”; 0:24:34 (‘mutton dressed up as lamb’) (‘show-off’) ‘show-off’ (I don’t know for that one) “gone out to look for what she na gets”) auxiliary contraction (0:30:29 you got people posh people say they’re not gonna use the word ‘posh’ and then you’ve got people who are a bit lower as as they would look at them; 0:38:36 (there’s just something about it) they don’t sound the same and they’re not they’re not gonna be fluent at it because they’ll only be able to talk certain words in it; 0:38:17 some people may think, “oh well if I go in there and I speak the way the the way the Brummies speak they’ll not know that I’m from somewhere else but you can tell) ain’t for negative be (0:24:06 ‘toilet’ we got ‘bog’ definitely ‘bog’, ain’t it? (used to be) yeah, definitely ‘bog’ (used to be um when we was at school and that but now it’s the ‘toilet’)) ain’t for negative have (0:26:03 if you’re ‘lacking money’ you’re ‘skint’, aren’t you? (yes) you’re skint, you know, you ain’t got no money um ‘pissed’ if you’re ‘drunk’ ‘pissed to the head’, aren’t you?)

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PREPOSITIONS substitution on + time phrase (0:11:50 (OK she got a four bedroom house in the Meadows um but we’ve all got children) there’s about twen… twenty of us go round on on a weekend (so if when we get in, yeah, in fact we’re queuing for dinner))

ADJECTIVES much [= more] (0:04:45 I don’t think there’ll be much changes um it’s the sort of island where things basically stay as they are the houses the p… the houses are more designed by um American people)

ADVERBS unmarked manner adverb (037:16 Sandra’s out in Southwell and she’s got Natalie now Sandra reckons that in the holidays when Natalie spends time in the Meadows she goes back home speaking different have you heard her? (yeah))

DISCOURSE utterance final and that (0:24:06 (‘toilet’ we got ‘bog’ definitely ‘bog’, ain’t it?) used to be (yeah, definitely ‘bog’) used to be um when we was at school and that but now it’s the ‘toilet’)) frequent utterance internal like (e.g. 0:01:28 weather’s beautiful um it was a lot different to when I l… went last went about twelve years ago but um ’cause all the houses, like, have developed and are better and everything; 0:04:55 they’re, like, bungalows majority of them are, like, three bedrooms two bathrooms en suites which um en suites not a lot of us have here anyway so really they’re a bit (better than us in that way) better than us in in that sense, yeah, but um and the people are very nice and friendly can’t fault the people; 0:05:48 we go there on a Friday and Saturday night um it’s just, like, a little social club where we all meet up we play dominoes play cards pool darts all the sporty things that you do in a pub really; 0:06:12 I mean we do we do associate with others but it’s it’s still nice to, like, have your community and have your your your ow… what’s it your own people around you sort of thing; 0:06:34 (what impression can you give us of the Meadows?) um to other people it looks rough but when you live here you get to, like, know what it’s all about and it’s not really that bad; 0:06:44 (why do you think people have this impression of it then?) ’cause of all the bad things that happen but when you’re there it doesn’t, like, seem to affect you really; 0:10:00 um in fact I rarely cook and if I do cook um it could be, like, the normal um I’d put it as English dinner which is, like, you know, Yorkshire puddings and things um unless I go to Amelia’s for dinner; 0:22:18 there’s snobby people that talk, like, proper English and then there’s others that talk slang so there is a bit of difference (do do you notice it at school ’cause you go to a school out of the Meadows?) yeah, they all talk like, “hello” and “are you OK?” and we’re like, “yeah, you all right?” and we’re just totally different; 0:23:04 in a lot of English people you can hear, like, the the different areas’ accents because I suppose each area holds its own) quotative like (0:22:18 there’s snobby people that talk, like, proper English and then there’s others that talk slang so there is a bit of difference (do do you notice it at school ’cause you go to a school out of the Meadows?) yeah, they all talk like, “hello” and “are you OK?” and we’re like, “yeah, you all right?” and we’re just totally different; 0:32:00 uh we call b… um the ‘bread rolls’ ‘cobs’ (‘bread rolls’ ‘cobs’, yeah, they call them ‘baps’) and I went I think uh, “so can we can we have six cobs please?” it’s like, “cobs […] lions ba… baby lions?” they’re saying and we say, “no, six cobs”) quotative go (0:22:32 if someone’d say, “hello” you’d say, “ey up” (yeah) isn’t it, “you all right?” you know, and they say, “are you all right?” you go, “you all right?”; 0:32:00 uh we call b… um the ‘bread

http://sounds.bl.uk Page 26 of 27 BBC Voices Recordings rolls’ ‘cobs’ (‘bread rolls’ ‘cobs’, yeah, they call them ‘baps’) and I went I think uh, “so can we can we have six cobs please?” it’s like, “cobs […] lions ba… baby lions?” they’re saying and we say, “no, six cobs”) invariant tag (0:19:54 tell you what we have got one for ‘baby’ where the what’ve we got, Lauren, we’ve got ‘pickney’, innit? (yeah)) form of address me duck (0:16:16 Nottingham people actually do have an accent right I’m just gonna try and think of um something um ‘mash’ might be one and um ‘ey up’ when we used to be at school, “ey up me duck” (oh yeah, we all say ‘ey up’, don’t we, “ey up me duck” that’s it, “ey up me duck”)) otiose what (0:08:16 it made you feel special I think as well being dressed up on a Sunday and um going out to church and then there was a it was a different community anyway because a lot of people went to church and the churches were fuller a lot fuller than what they are today)

© Robinson, Herring, Gilbert Voices of the UK, 2009-2012 A British Library project funded by The Leverhulme Trust

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