DOCSLIB.ORG

Morphological, SSR and ISSR Marker Based Genetic Diversity Assessment of Mountain Papaya Germplasm in Comparison with Carica Papaya

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Morphological, SSR and ISSR Marker Based Genetic Diversity Assessment of Mountain Papaya Germplasm in Comparison with Carica Papaya -1DWQ6FL)RXQGDWLRQ6UL/DQND DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jnsfsr.v45i3.8190 RESEARCH ARTICLE Morphological, SSR and ISSR marker based genetic diversity assessment of mountain papaya germplasm in comparison with Carica papaya W.A.D.L.R. Warnakula 1, N.S. Kottearachchi 1* and K. Yakandawala 2 1 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation Management, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila (NWP). 2 Department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation Management, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila (NWP). Revised: 02 October 2016; Accepted: 16 February 2017 Abstract: The genetic diversity in papaya cultivars is 3DSD\DLVDJRRGVRXUFHRIYLWDPLQVDQGLWLVZLGHO\JURZQ essentially important as it provides the basis for varietal for consumption as a fresh fruit and for use in drinks, LPSURYHPHQW,QWKLVUHJDUGDVWXG\ZDVLQLWLDWHGWRDVVHVVWKH jams, candies, etc. Papaya also has pharmaceutical and genetic diversity of the commercial Carica papaya cultivars industrial values due to its proteins and alkaloids. Of in Sri Lanka and to introduce mountain papaya ( Vasconcellea these, papain is the most important industrially valuable cundinamarcensis ), ZKLFKLVUHSRUWHGWRFRQWDLQFROGUHVLVWDQFH DQG SDSD\D ULQJ VSRW YLUXV 35693 UHVLVWDQW WUDLW 7ZHQW\ SURWHRO\WLFHQ]\PHWKDWLVSURGXFHGLQWKHPLON\ODWH[RI one accessions of Carica papaya DQGPRXQWDLQSDSD\DZHUH green, unripe papaya fruits (Moussaoui et al. , 2001). In assessed by morphological, simple sequence repeat (SSR) and Sri Lanka there are several C. papaya cultivars including inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. A total of 33 introduced varieties from other countries, hybrid varieties DOOHOHVZHUHJHQHUDWHGZLWKDQDYHUDJHIUHTXHQF\RIDOOHOHV and local-traditional cultivars. Currently 7,108 ha are per marker from 11 SSR and 2 ISSR markers. Morphological under cultivation and the annual production is 84,606 mt and molecular marker based cluster analyses revealed that (DOA, 2014). WKHUHZDVQRFOHDUGLVWLQFWLRQDPRQJWKH C. papaya cultivars JURZQ LQ GLIIHUHQW JHRJUDSKLFDO DUHDV LQ 6UL /DQND ZKLOH The family Caricaceae FRPSULVHV ¿YH JHQHUD DQG C. papaya PRXQWDLQSDSD\DZDVKLJKO\GLVWLQFWIURPWKHRWKHU DERXWíVSHFLHV &DUYDOKR et al., 2015). Previously, accessions. Except three SSR markers, all the other markers the genus Carica ZHUH SRO\PRUSKLF EHWZHHQ PRXQWDLQ SDSD\D DQG C. papaya FRQWDLQHG VSHFLHV DQG IROORZLQJ DFFHVVLRQV2IWKHDOOHOHVSURGXFHGDOOHOHVZHUHFRPPRQ the recommendation of Badillo (2000) Carica ZDVVSOLW for both C. papaya and mountain papaya indicating the LQWR WZR JHQHUD FUHDWLQJ DQ DGGLWLRQDO JHQXV FDOOHG potential relatedness to C. papaya. This investigation revealed Vasconcellea FRPSULVLQJZLOGVSHFLHV3UHVHQWO\WKH both the genetic diversity and the relatedness of mountain genus Carica contains only one species, Carica papaya , SDSD\DZLWK C. papaya so as to use it as a potential source for ZKLFK LV WKH PRVW HFRQRPLFDOO\ YDOXDEOH Caricaceae the improvement of C. papaya by hybridisation. VSHFLHVZRUOGZLGH Keywords: Carica papaya , ISSR markers, morphological The mountain papaya plant has been studied by characterisation, mountain papaya, SSR markers. PDQ\ VFLHQWLVWV LQ WKH ZRUOG GXH WR LWV HFRQRPLFDOO\ important traits such as the potential for cold tolerance INTRODUCTION (Muthulakshmi et al. , 2007), papaya ring spot virus (PRSV-P) resistance (Dillon et al ., 2006), higher sugar Most of the Caricaceae species are considered as FRQWHQW RI WKH IUXLW 'UHZ et al. ,1998), and genetic unexploited species except for Carica papaya /ZKLFK relatedness to C. papaya 2¶%ULHQ 'UHZ $V LV FRPPHUFLDOO\ JURZQ LQ PDQ\ SDUWV RI WKH ZRUOG the closest relative of C. papaya species, mountain * Corresponding author ( [email protected] ) W.A.D.L.R. Warnakula et al. papaya has the likelihood to hybridise and exchange In Sri Lanka, there are four main types of commercial JHQHVZKLFKDUHDVVRFLDWHGZLWKHFRQRPLFDOO\LPSRUWDQW papaya: Rathne, Sinta, Red Lady and local/ traditional traits (Badillo, 2000). Both Carica and Vasconcellea are varieties, and their genetic relatedness has not been genetically diploids and share the same chromosome studied at molecular level using simple sequence repeat number, 2n = 18 (Storey, 1976). Several research studies (SSR) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. have indicated that pollination of C. papayaZLWKSROOHQ Allelic variation of the economically important traits IURPZLOGSDSD\DV DQG vice versa ) successfully facilitate needs to be utilised in breeding programmes and they can WKH IHUWLOLVDWLRQ 0DQVKDUGW :HQVODII 'UHZ be revealed by SSR and ISSR marker based assessments. et al ., 1998). Although mountain papaya naturally possesses a number of desirable traits, its proper characterisation has not 0RXQWDLQ SDSD\D H[LVWHG LQ WKH PRQWDQH ]RQH RI EHHQ FRQGXFWHG DQG QHJOHFWHG DV LW JURZV LQ WKH ZLOG Sri Lanka has been recognised as Carica pubescence 7KHUHIRUHWKLVUHVHDUFKVWXG\ZDVDLPHGDWDVVHVVLQJWKH in the Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon genetic diversity of the commercial papaya accession in (Dasanayake, 1995) and in the Check List of the 6UL/DQNDDORQJZLWKPRXQWDLQSDSD\DDQGWRH[SORUHLWV )ORZHULQJ3ODQWVRI6UL/DQND 6HQDUDWQD ,WKDV potential traits to improve C. papaya accessions in the EHHQ UHSRUWHG LQ WKH +DOJROOD (VWDWH ZKLFK LV ORFDWHG country. LQ WKH VRXWKHDVWHUQ HGJH RI WKH .HJDOOH 'LVWULFW DQG FORVH WR WKH ZHVWHUQ ERXQGDU\ RI WKH 1XZDUD (OL\D METHODOLOGY District (Weerakoon et al ., 2009) as an uncultivated papaya species. Mountain papaya is a sparsely branched Plant materials herbaceous tree, habituated in the highest elevation OHYHO LQ 6KDQWKLSXUD 1XZDUD (OL\D7D[RQRP\ RI WKH /HDI VDPSOHV ZHUH FROOHFWHG IURP JHQRW\SHV RI mountain papaya accession in Sri Lanka has not been C. papaya distributed in the Central, North Western explained clearly and naturally hybridised genotypes and Western provinces of Sri Lanka and three mountain have not been reported in Sri Lanka. SDSD\D VDPSOHV ZHUH FROOHFWHG IURP 6KDQWKLSXUD Table 1: Details of the papaya germplasm and their locations 6DPSOHQR *HUPSODVP &RGH 6RXUFH 'LVWULFW 5HG/DG\ 5'/ .DWXJDVWKRWD .DQG\ /RFDO /&/ .DWXJDVWKRWD .DQG\ 3 Sinta SIN01 PVIC, Homagama Colombo 4 Breeders line BRL01 PVIC, Homagama Colombo 5 Breeders line BRL02 PVIC, Homagama Colombo 6 Local LCL02 PVIC, Homagama Colombo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¿FDWLRQ6WDWLRQ+5)+RUWLFXOWXUDO5HVHDUFK)DUP RARDC - Regional Agricultural Research and Development Centre September 2017 Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka 45(3) Genetic diversity assessment of mountain papaya 257 1XZDUD(OL\D6UL/DQNDIRU'1$H[WUDFWLRQ7KHORFDO descriptor list published by the International Board for or common names ascribed to the individual accessions 3ODQW*HQHWLF5HVRXUFHV ,%3*5 $VWKHVDPSOHV ZHUH UHFRUGHG DV D UHIHUHQFHWR WKH PDWHULDOFROOHFWHG ZHUHFROOHFWHGIURPGLIIHUHQWJHRJUDSKLFDODUHDVLQWKH DQGHDFKDFFHVVLRQZDVDVVLJQHGDWD[RQFRGHEDVHGRQ FRXQWU\RQO\WKHTXDOLWDWLYHWUDLWVZHUHDFFRXQWHGLQWKLV their local name (Table 1). VWXG\ IROORZLQJ WKH VWXG\ FRQGXFWHG E\ 0DGDUERNXV and Ranghoo-Sanmukhiya (2012). The sex of each Morphological analysis YDULHW\ ZDV GHWHUPLQHG E\ WKH ÀRUDO PRUSKRORJ\ -LPpQH] et al. , 2012). Visual morphological characters A total of 14 vegetative and reproductive characters RIWKHSODQWVSHFLPHQVRIPRXQWDLQSDSD\DZHUHIXUWKHU ZHUH REVHUYHG in situ from the selected papaya FODUL¿HG E\ H[DPLQLQJ GLJLWDO LPDJHV RI KHUEDULXP DFFHVVLRQV 7DEOH $VFRUHZDVDVVLJQHG 7DEOH VSHFLPHQVLQWKH.HZ+HUEDULXPGDWDEDVH KWWSZZZ WRHDFKPRUSKRORJLFDOFKDUDFWHUIROORZLQJWKHSDSD\D NHZRUJVFLHQFH ). Table 2: 4XDOLWDWLYHWUDLWVDQGWKHLUUHVSHFWLYHVFRUH 1R 4XDOLWDWLYHWUDLW 6FRUHV 1 Stem type 1 - Single, 2 - Branched 6WHPFRORXU /LJKWJUH\*UH\LVKEURZQ 3 Stem pigmentation 1 - Mostly upper, 2 - Indiscriminate &RORXURIPDWXUHOHDISHWLROH 3DOHJUHHQ'DUNJUHHQ5HGSXUSOH*UHHQSXUSOH 5 Waxiness on leaf surface 1 - Present, 2 - Absent 6 Leaf segments (lobes) 1 - Nine segments, 2 - Seven segments 7\SHRIÀRZHULQJ 6ROLWDU\,QÀRUHVFHQFH &RORXURILQÀRUHVFHQFHVWDON &UHDP<HOORZSXUSOH*UHHQLVK &RORXURIÀRZHU *UHHQLVK'DUNJUHHQ )UXLWVKDSH 2EORQJ5HQLIRUP2YDO(ORQJDWH&OXE$FURQ*OREXODU )UXLWVNLQFRORXU 'HHS\HOORZ<HOORZ2UDQJH )UXLWÀHVKFRORXU %ULJKW\HOORZ2UDQJH5HGGLVKRUDQJH/LJKW\HOORZ 6HHGFRORXU %ODFN%URZQEODFN7DQ 14 Flesh aroma 1 - Mild, 2 - Moderate, 3 - Strong Genomic DNA extraction IRU PLQ 7KH SUHFLSLWDWHG '1$ ZDV ZDVKHG ZLWK 70 % ice-cold ethanol by centrifugation at 15,000 rpm $ KHDOWK\ WHQGHU OHDI ZDV XVHG IRU H[WUDFWLQJ '1$ IRUDQRWKHUPLQ7KH'1$SHOOHWVZHUHWKHQGULHGDQG )UHVKOHDIWLVVXHV PJ ZHUHJURXQGLQȝ/RI UHVXVSHQGHGLQȝ/RI7(EXIIHUDQGVWRUHGDW& cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) extraction before using for SSR and ISSR analyses. buffer [2 % CTAB, 5 M NaCl, 0.5 M ethylene diamine WHWUDDFHWLFDFLG ('7$ DWS+7ULV+&/ WUL]PDEDVH PCR assay hydrochloric acid) at pH 8 and 2 % ß-mercaptoethanol] XVLQJDPRUWDUDQGSHVWOH 'R\OH 'R\OH 7KH 3&5DPSOL¿FDWLRQRIWKHH[WUDFWHG'1$ZDVFRQGXFWHG H[WUDFW ZDV WUDQVIHUUHG WR D FOHDQ HSSHQGRUI
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Marker-Assisted Breeding for Papaya Ringspot Virus Resistance in Carica Papaya L
    Marker-Assisted Breeding for Papaya Ringspot Virus Resistance in Carica papaya L. Author O'Brien, Christopher Published 2010 Thesis Type Thesis (Masters) School Griffith School of Environment DOI https://doi.org/10.25904/1912/3639 Copyright Statement The author owns the copyright in this thesis, unless stated otherwise. Downloaded from http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365618 Griffith Research Online https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au Marker-Assisted Breeding for Papaya Ringspot Virus Resistance in Carica papaya L. Christopher O'Brien BAppliedSc (Environmental and Production Horticulture) University of Queensland Griffith School of Environment Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology Griffith University Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Philosophy September 4, 2009 2 Table of Contents Page No. Abstract ……………………………………………………… 11 Statement of Originality ………………………………………........ 13 Acknowledgements …………………………………………. 15 Chapter 1 Literature review ………………………………....... 17 1.1 Overview of Carica papaya L. (papaya)………………… 19 1.1.1 Taxonomy ………………………………………………… . 19 1.1.2 Origin ………………………………………………….. 19 1.1.3 Botany …………………………………………………… 20 1.1.4 Importance …………………………………………………... 25 1.2 Overview of Vasconcellea species ……………………… 28 1.2.1 Taxonomy …………………………………………………… 28 1.2.2 Origin ……………………………………………………… 28 1.2.3 Botany ……………………………………………………… 31 1.2.4 Importance …………………………………………………… 31 1.2.5 Brief synopsis of Vasconcellea species …………………….. 33 1.3 Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV-P)…………………………. 42 1.3.1 Overview ………………………………………………………. 42 1.3.2 Distribution …………………………………………………… 43 1.3.3 Symptoms and effects ……………………………………….. .. 44 1.3.4 Transmission …………………………………………………. 45 1.3.5 Control ………………………………………………………. .. 46 1.4 Breeding ………………………………………………………. 47 1.4.1 Disease resistance …………………………………………….. 47 1.4.2 Biotechnology………………………………………………….. 50 1.4.3 Intergeneric hybridisation…………………………………….. 51 1.4.4 Genetic transformation………………………………………… 54 1.4.5 DNA analysis ……………………………………………….....
    [Show full text]
  • (Carica Papaya L.) Biology and Biotechnology
    Tree and Forestry Science and Biotechnology ©2007 Global Science Books Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Biology and Biotechnology Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva1* • Zinia Rashid1 • Duong Tan Nhut2 • Dharini Sivakumar3 • Abed Gera4 • Manoel Teixeira Souza Jr.5 • Paula F. Tennant6 1 Kagawa University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Ikenobe, 2393, Miki-cho, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan 2 Plant Biotechnology Department, Dalat Institute of Biology, 116 Xo Viet Nghe Tinh, Dalat, Lamdong, Vietnam 3 University of Pretoria, Postharvest Technology Group, Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa 4 Department of Virology, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel 5 Embrapa LABEX Europa, Plant Research International (PRI), Wageningen University & Research Centre (WUR), Wageningen, The Netherlands 6 Department of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica Corresponding author : * [email protected] ABSTRACT Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a popular and economically important fruit tree of tropical and subtropical countries. The fruit is consumed world-wide as fresh fruit and as a vegetable or used as processed products. This review focuses primarily on two aspects. Firstly, on advances in in vitro methods of propagation, including tissue culture and micropropagation, and secondly on how these advances have facilitated improvements in papaya genetic transformation. An account of the dietary and nutritional composition of papaya, how these vary with culture methods, and secondary metabolites, both beneficial and harmful, and those having medicinal applications, are dis- cussed. An overview of papaya post-harvest is provided, while ‘synseed’ technology and cryopreservation are also covered. This is the first comprehensive review on papaya that attempts to integrate so many aspects of this economically and culturally important fruit tree that should prove valuable for professionals involved in both research and commerce.
    [Show full text]
  • United States Environmental Protection Agency Washington, D.C
    UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460 OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION MEMORANDUM DATE: March 1, 2013 SUBJECT: Crop Grouping – Part X: Analysis of the USDA IR-4 Petition to Amend the Crop Group Regulation 40 CFR § 180.41 (c) (25) and Commodity Definitions [40 CFR 180.1 (g)] Related to the Proposed Crop Group 23 Tropical and Subtropical Fruit – Edible Peel. PC Code: NA DP Barcode: NA Decision No.: NA Registration No.: NA Petition No.: NA Regulatory Action: Crop Grouping Regulation Risk Assessment Type: None Case No.: NA TXR No.: NA CAS No.: NA MRID No.: 482971-01 40 CFR: 180.41 (c) (25) and 180.1 (g) FROM: Bernard A. Schneider, Ph.D., Senior Plant Physiologist Chemistry and Exposure Branch Health Effects Division (7509P) THROUGH: Donna Davis and Donald Wilbur, Ph.D., Chairpersons HED Chemistry Science Advisory Council (ChemSAC) Health Effects Division (7509P) TO: Barbara Madden, Minor Use Officer Risk Integration, Minor Use, and Emergency Response Branch (RIMUERB) Registration Division (7505P) cc: IR-4 Project, Bill Barney, Jerry Baron, Dan Kunkel, Debbie Carpenter, Van Starner 2 ACTION REQUESTED: William P. Barney, Crop Grouping Project Coordinator, and Kathryn Homa, Assistant Coordinator, USDA Interregional Research Project No. 4 (IR-4), State Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers University has submitted a petition (November 16, 2010) on behalf of the IR-4 Project, and the Tropical Fruits Workgroup of the International Crop Grouping Consulting Committee (ICGCC) to establish a new Crop Group (40 CFR § 180.41) Crop Group 23, Tropical and Subtropical Fruit – Edible Peel Group, and propose addition of Commodity Definitions 40 CFR 180.1 (g).
    [Show full text]
  • Hepatoprotective Effect of Mountain Papaya (Vasconcellea Pubescens A.DC.) Fruit Extract Against Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Damage
    Hepatoprotective Effect of Mountain Papaya (Vasconcellea pubescens A.DC.) Fruit Extract against Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Damage Heru Sasongko*1,2, Diah Pratiwi1, Trias Amartiwi1, Nur Rohman Efendi1 and Sugiyarto2 1Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57126, Central Java Indonesia 2Department of Biology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57126, Central Java Indonesia Keywords: acetaminophen, hepatoprotective, mountain papaya, flavonoid, Vasconcellea pubescens Abstract: The liver is a main organ of drugs metabolism in humans. Many studies have reported that acetaminophen has an effect on liver injury. Targeting mitochondrial oxidant stress is a promising therapeutic option for acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Previous study has shown that mountain papaya (Vasconcellea pubescens A.DC.) fruit has an effect against lipid peroxidation activity. This research aims to know the hepatoprotective effect of mountain papaya fruit ethanolic extract (MPFE) in rats after induced by acetaminophen. The rats were divided into six groups, with group I not administered with any treatment, group II administered with suspension of 0.25% CMC-Na as negative control, group III was administered with suspension of silymarin as positive control. Groups IV, V, and VI were given MPFE with variation doses 120; 240 and 480 mg/kg body weight for 14 days. At day 14th, all groups except the normal group were induced with acetaminophen in toxic dose (2 g/kg body weight). The liver injury was measured by ALT, AST, bilirubin, ALP value and liver histology profile. The results showed that MPFE could significantly decrease liver cell injury (p <0.05) by ALT, AST and liver histology profile parameters in which each dose has the same ability.
    [Show full text]
  • Sex Determination on Vasconcellea Pubescens A.DC in Java, Indonesia
    Local Knowledge: Sex Determination on Vasconcellea Pubescens A.DC in Java, Indonesia Ainun Nikmati Laily1, Purnomo2, Budi Setiadi Daryono3 and Aziz Purwantoro4 {[email protected]} Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University Jl. Teknika Selatan, Senolowo, Sinduadi, Mlati, Sleman, Yogyakarta Abstract. Vasconcellea pubescens A. DC. is a fruit commodity that has the potential to be researched and developed This plant is the only member of the Family Caricaceae found in Indonesia There are 3 areas in Java that are overgrown with this plant: Dieng Plateau, Bromo, and Cangar-Batu with an altitude of 1500 - 2400 above sea level around the volcano area However, plants are known to have a variety of flower expressions in different trees It is necessary to know the determination of sex as an efficient effort inbreeding This research is a descriptive exploratory study with survey methods, semi- structured interviews and strengthened by a questionnaire. Retrieval of data in this study using a simple random technique. Utilization of plants as sweets and as fresh fruit for direct consumption. The utilization of plant organs includes ripe fruit and seeds. The knowledge of the local community regarding the determination of sex in this plant is still limited. Keywords: Local knowledge; Sex determination; Vasconcellea pubescens A.DC., Java, Indonesia 1 Introduction Vasconcellea pubescens A. DC. or "karika" or "mountain papaya" are plants originating from tropical America precisely from the highlands of the Andes, South America. This plant was introduced to Indonesia in the period before World War II by the Dutch East Indies colonial government and was successfully developed in the Dieng Plateau.
    [Show full text]
  • Marker Assisted Breeding of Papaya to Develop New Commercial Lines
    Final Report Marker Assisted Breeding of Papaya to Develop new Commercial lines Dr Roderick Drew Griffith University Project Number: PP10005 PP10005 This project has been funded by Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited using the papaya industry levy and funds from the Australian Government. Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited (Hort Innovation) makes no representations and expressly disclaims all warranties (to the extent permitted by law) about the accuracy, completeness, or currency of information in Marker Assisted Breeding of Papaya to Develop new Commercial lines. Reliance on any information provided by Hort Innovation is entirely at your own risk. Hort Innovation is not responsible for, and will not be liable for, any loss, damage, claim, expense, cost (including legal costs) or other liability arising in any way (including from Hort Innovation or any other person’s negligence or otherwise) from your use or non-use of Marker Assisted Breeding of Papaya to Develop new Commercial lines, or from reliance on information contained in the material or that Hort Innovation provides to you by any other means. ISBN 0 7341 3751 6 Published and distributed by: Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited Level 8, 1 Chifley Square Sydney NSW 2000 Tel: (02) 8295 2300 Fax: (02) 8295 2399 © Copyright 2016 Contents Summary .............................................................................................................................3 Keywords .............................................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • 227 Section 10 Papaya (Carica Papaya)
    SECTION 10 PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA) 1. Taxonomy and General Description A. Taxonomy Papaya, Carica papaya L., is an almost herbaceous (succulently soft-wooded), typically unbranched small tree in the family Caricaceae. Europeans first encountered papaya in the Western Hemisphere tropics by at least the early 1500s (Sauer, 1966), and various interests were soon disseminating it widely (Ferrão, 1992). Papaya is now cultivated worldwide in tropical and subtropical climates mainly for its melon-like fruit. The Caricaceae is classified in the order Brassicales (sometimes called Capparales), which characteristically express mustard-oil glucosides (glucosinolates) (Jørgensen, 1995; Rodman et al., 1998; Olson, 2002). Recently, consensus has been developing that the genus Carica L. has only the one species C. papaya, and that the Caricaceae may comprise six genera (Aradhya et al., 1999; Badillo, 2000; Van Droogenbroeck et al., 2002, 2004; Kubitzki, 2003; Manshardt, 2002, Havaii University, pers. com.). Most of the genera are neotropical forest plants, occurring in South America and Mesoamerica or only in Mesoamerica. Vasconcellea, the largest genus with 21 species, had usually been considered as a section within Carica. The other neotropical genera are Jacaratia (7 spp.), Jarilla (3 spp.) and Horovitzia (1 sp.) (Badillo, 1993). The sixth genus, Cylicomorpha (2 spp.), occurs in montane forests in equatorial Africa (Badillo, 1971). The highland papayas, Vasconcellea (not “Vasconcella” – see Badillo, 2001; Kubitzki, 2003), are considered the closest relatives to Carica papaya (Badillo, 1993; Aradhya et al., 1999; Van Droogenbroeck et al., 2002, 2004). Vasconcellea has many species with edible fruits (and a few cultivated varieties) (Badillo, 2000; Scheldeman and Van Damme, 2001); commercial cultivation of Caricaceae may be limited to the papaya and chamburo (ababai), babaco, and toronche or higacho (the names vary and sometimes are used locally for more than one species).
    [Show full text]
  • Vasconcellea Pubescens A.DC.) ABSTRACT Doi:10.4067/S0718-58392016000200001 Accepted: 16November2015
    Floral expression and pollen germination ability in productive mountain papaya (Vasconcellea pubescens A.DC.) orchards María Angélica Salvatierra-González1*, and Constanza Jana-Ayala1 ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Mountain papaya (Vasconcellea pubescens A.DC.) The Caricaceae family consists of six genera, including Carica is described as trioecious in the centers of origin of and Vasconcellea (Kyndt et al., 2005; Carvhalo and Rennes, Ecuador, Colombia, and Peru. However, under cultivation 2012). Carica papaya L. is the only species of the genus Carica conditions in La Serena (30° S, 70° W), Chile, it is found and the most studied. The genus Vasconcellea has 21 species, most to be dioecious and monoecious. The objective was to of which are dioecious (19), but one species is monoecious (V. learn about the variations in floral expression of mountain monoica) and another is trioecious (V. pubescens A.DC.) just like papaya. Flowers from monoecious and dioecious plants C. papaya. The species cultivated in Chile, known as mountain were therefore identified and quantified during two papaya, is V. pubescens (Muñoz, 1988; Scheldeman et al., 2007). seasons. In vitro pollen germination ability was also The trioecious sexual type is considered rare, and it is suggested evaluated based on the factors of site, season, and plant sex. that it is derived from a dioecious ancestor (Aryal and Ming, Monoecious plant inflorescences are polygamous; female 2013). Aguirre et al. (2009) defines V. pubescens as polygamous. and male flowers are observed, as well as bisexual flowers Genetic studies of Vasconcellea have suggested the evolution that are usually deformed. This condition allows them to be of the chromosomes that determine sex (Wu et al., 2010); these classified as an ambisexual plant.
    [Show full text]
  • 140808 MC Recommended Plant List and Signature Trees.Xlsx
    MULLUM CREEK VERSION RECOMMENDED PLANT LIST, FRUIT TREES ENDORSED ISSUE 080814 AND PRODUCTIVE PLANTS Mature plant size1 Plant type Preferred growing conditions Botanical name Common Name Planting and cultivation notes Height Spread Evergreen Deciduous Shade Half Shade Full sun Dry site Moist site Wet site Pome fruit trees Amelanchier Serviceberry tree ● Cydonia oblonga Quince 7 - 10m ● ● Cydonia sinensis Chinese Quince 10 - 15m semi ● Malus domestica varieties Domestic Apple ● Mespilus germanica Medlar 4m ● ● ● Pyrus communis Common pear 13m ● ● ● Pyrus pyrifolia Nashi, China Pear ● ● ● Stone fruits Prunus armeniaca Apricot ● ● Prunus domestica European Plum ● ● Prunus persica Peach ● ● Prunus persica var. nucipersica Nectarine ● ● Prunus salicina Japanese Plum ● ● Citrus and similar Citrus aurantifolia Common Lime ● ● ● Citrus aurantium Bitter Orange ● ● ● Citrus latifolia Persian Lime ● ● ● Citrus limon Lemon ● Citrus paradisi Grapefruit ● Citrus reticulata Imperial Mandarin ● Citrus sinensis Sweet Orange 7m 5m ● ● ● Fortunella sp. Kumquat ● Other productive food trees Acca sellowiana Feijoa 4m 4m ● ● ● ● Carica pentagona Mountain PapayA ● Ceratonia siliqua Carob to 10m 10m ● ● Diospyros sp. Persimmon ● Ficus carica Common Fig 3m 5m ● Morus macroura Shahtoot Mulberry ● Morus nigra Black Mulberry 12m 15m ● Musa sp. BananA ● Olea europaea Olive ● Persea americana Avocado ● ● Requires excellent drainage and reliable mositure Psidium littorale var. longipes Strawberry GuavA 3m 3m ● ● ● Punica granatum Pomegranate ● Solanum betaceum Tamarillo
    [Show full text]
  • FAVORITE FRUIT TREES for SAN DIEGO by Tom Del Hotal
    FAVORITE FRUIT TREES FOR SAN DIEGO By Tom Del Hotal DECIDUOUS FRUIT Deciduous fruit trees often require a winter dormancy period where temperatures fall between 32 and 45 degrees F. in order to grow, flower and fruit properly. Varieties differ in the number of hours they require at these temperatures to overcome dormancy. The fruit trees listed under Column A have the lowest chilling requirements ( 0 - 300 hours) and should perform well in most areas of San Diego. The fruit trees listed under Column B have higher chilling requirements ( 300 - 500 hours ) and may not perform well in areas of very low chill ( less than 250-300 hours). Column A Column B COMMENTS APPLES Anna Beverly Hills Fuji Prune to central leader or modified central Dorsett Golden Pettingill Gordon leader shape. Dormant spray to control dormant Winter Banana Granny Smith diseases & overwintering insects. Some Winter Pearmain Mutsu varieties require pollinizers. Pink Lady APRICOTS EarliGold Floragold Autumn Royal Prune to open vase or modified open vase Gold Kist Katy shape. Fruit is produced on short lived fruiting Royal (Bleinheim) spurs. Dormant spray to control dormant diseases & overwintering insects. Do not dormant spray with lime-sulfur (calcium polysulfide) dormant sprays. CHERRIES Minnie Royal Two new sweet cherries that reportedly have Royal Lee lower chill requirements than most sweet cherries, 250 chill hours or less. Need both for cross pollination. Prune to open vase or modified open vase shape. Excellent fruit. FIGS Black Madeira Black Mission Roots are very invasive. Prune to control size. Brown Turkey Celeste Conadria Italian Everbearing *Not good for cool coastal areas.
    [Show full text]
  • The Identity of Oidium Caricae and the First Recording on Papaya, Mountain Papaya and Babaco in New Zealand
    Fruits - vol. 37, n°7 -8, 1982 - 473 The identity of Oidium caricae and the first recording on papaya, mountain papaya and babaco in New Zealand H.J. BOESEWINKEL* DETERMINATION D'OIDIUM GARIGAE SIGNALE POUR LA PREMIERE FOIS SUR PAPA YER, PAPA YER DE MONTAGNE ET BABACO EN NOUVELLE ZELANDE H.J. BOESEWINKEL Fruits, Jul.-aug. 1982, vol. 37, no 7-8, p. 473-477. RESUME - L'Oidium caricae est signale pour la premiere fois sur le papayer (Garica papaya), le papayer de montagne (Garica pubescens) et le papayer babaco (G. pubescens x G. stipulata) en Nouvelle ze1an­ de. Cet oidium a ete identifie comme la forme imparfaite de Erysiphe cruciferarum. II a ete transmis facilement du rutabaga a la papaye et de la papaye au radis sauvage. Erysiphe cichoracearum a ete trouve sur le papayer et le papayer de montagne. Un resume est donne des 12 oidiums qui ont ete decrits sur papaye, ainsi que Jes aires de distribution geographique. INTRODUCTION (YEN, 1966) and Madagascar (SECRET, 1953). During the The papaya, a valuable food and drug plant in many present study 0. caricae was found also in New Zealand and tropical and subtropical countries, is host to an unusually Taiwan. In the type description NOACK (1898) gave as conidial size 23-25 x 14.5-201im but after examination of large number of powdery mildews. Although there are type material, YEN (1966) found the conidia to be long reports of twelve powdery mildews from all over the world, the actual distribution of the different species is cylindrical and measuring about 38-51 x 16-20 1-Lm.
    [Show full text]
  • (Vasconcellea Spp.) in Tropical and Subtropical America
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Wageningen University & Research Publications Biodivers Conserv (2007) 16:1867–1884 DOI 10.1007/s10531-006-9086-x ORIGINAL PAPER Distribution, diversity and environmental adaptation of highland papayas (Vasconcellea spp.) in tropical and subtropical America X. Scheldeman Æ L. Willemen Æ G. Coppens d’Eeckenbrugge E. Romeijn-Peeters Æ M. T. Restrepo Æ J. Romero Motoche D. Jime´nez Æ M. Lobo Æ C. I. Medina Æ C. Reyes D. Rodrı´guez Æ J. A. Ocampo Æ P. Van Damme Æ P. Goetgebeur Received: 24 October 2005 / Accepted: 5 July 2006 / Published online: 27 October 2006 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2006 Abstract Vasconcellea species, often referred to as highland papayas, consist of a group of fruit species that are closely related to the common papaya (Carica papaya). The genus deserves special attention as a number of species show potential as raw material in the tropical fruit industry, fresh or in processed products, or as genetic resources in papaya breeding programs. Some species show a very restricted X. Scheldeman (&) Æ L. Willemen Æ G. Coppens d’Eeckenbrugge Æ M. T. Restrepo Æ D. Jime´nez Æ J. A. Ocampo International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI), Regional Office for the Americas, Apartado Ae´reo 6713, Cali, Colombia e-mail: [email protected] E. Romeijn-Peeters Æ P. Goetgebeur Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium J. Romero Motoche Naturaleza & Cultura Internacional, Pı´o Jaramillo y Venezuela, Loja, Ecuador M.
    [Show full text]