Leribe District Local Governance & Non-State Actors Support Programme - LGNSP & Non-State Actors Support Programme Local Governance

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INFORMATION HANDBOOK Leribe District Local Governance & Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP & Non-state actors Support Programme Local Governance

Report 1 2009

Edited by: Miguel Fernández Trillo-Figueroa

Contributions by: Moipone Letsie, Mpopo Tsoele, Matseliso Mapetla

Series editor: François Dronnet, Matseliso Ntsoelikane

Photos by: Miguel Fernández Trillo-Figueroa

INFORMATION HANDBOOK Leribe District

Report 1 2009 This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of its author(s) and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union, the views of the Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme (LGNSP) or any of the Lesotho institutions participating in this programme.

Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for use which might be made of the following information.

Published by LGNSP in Maseru (Lesotho), 2009

ISBN 978-92-79-12038-1

Copies of this publication can be obtained by writing to: LGNSP Programme Management Unit, Private Bag A478, Maseru 100, Kingdom of Lesotho or to [email protected]. When ordering, please quote ISBN number. This publication can also be downloaded from http://www. lgnsp.co.ls.

For further information on the European Union: http://ec.europa.eu/world http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid http://www.dellso.ec.europa.eu/

Designed by: The Media Chilli Illustrations by: Santiago Fernández Trillo-Figueroa Photos by: Miguel Fernández Trillo-Figueroa Produced and printed by: Saysouk Creation graphique s.c.s. Contents

Table of contents PAGE 3 Acronyms and abbreviations PAGE 6 List of maps, tables, figures, pictures and graphs PAGE 8

CHAPTER 1 PAGE 11 Background 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Methodology

CHAPTER 2 PAGE 15 Profile of the district 2.1. Introduction 2.2. Administrative structure 2.3. History 2.4. Agro-ecological characteristics 2.5. Natural resources 2.6. Climate 2.7. Topography and soils 2.8. Rivers and water reservoirs

CHAPTER 3 PAGE 31 Social profile 3.1. Population distribution and density 3.2. Demography 3.3. Poverty 3.4. Economic profile 3.5. Gender aspects 3.6. Out-migration rate

CHAPTER 4 PAGE 43 Agriculture profile 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Crop profile analysis 4.3. Livestock production 4.4. Wool and mohair 4.5. Goats and sheep 4.6. Range management Handbook

12009 Contents

CHAPTER 5 PAGE 53 Health and HIV/AIDS

CHAPTER 6 PAGE 65 Education

CHAPTER 7 PAGE 67 Water and sanitation

CHAPTER 8 PAGE 69 Energy

CHAPTER 9 PAGE 73 Communications

CHAPTER 10 PAGE 77 Roads

CHAPTER 11 PAGE 81 Non-State Actors

CHAPTER 12 PAGE 83 Security

CHAPTER 13 PAGE 87 Trade and commerce

CHAPTER 14 PAGE 91 Tourism

CHAPTER 15 PAGE 95 Annexes • Summary of District Information (Templates) • District Council Fact Sheet • Community Council Fact Sheet

Handbook

1 2009

Abbreviations

ADB African Development Bank BEDCO Basotho Enterprise Development Corporatio CBOs Community-based Organisations CC Community Council CCAP Community Council Action Plan CCL Christian Council of Lesotho CCS Community Council Secretary CHAL Christian Health Association Lesotho CPA Cattle Post Area DA District Administrator DAC District AIDS Committee DATF District AIDS Task Force DC District Council DCAP District Council Action Plan DCS District Council Secretary DDCC District Development Coordination Committee DDF District Development Fund DED Deutscher Entwicklungsdienst [German Development Service] DES District Economic Strategy DFID Department for International Development (UK) DHMT District Health Management Team DMO District Medical Officer DPU District Planning Unit DRR Department of Rural Roads EC European Commission ED Electoral Division EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EU European Union FFW Food for Work FTC Farmer Training Centre GTZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit GmbH [German Society for Technical Cooperation] GoL Government of Lesotho HAART Highly active antiretroviral treatment HIS Health Information System HIV/AIDS Human Immune Deficiency Virus / Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome HSA Health Service Area LA Local Authority LAPCA Lesotho AIDS Programme Coordinating Authority LCE Lesotho College of Education LEC Lesotho Electricity Corporation LFCD Lesotho Fund for Community Development LNAPDP Lesotho National Association of Physically Disabled Persons

District Council Leribe 6 LGNSP Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme LCN Lesotho Council of Non-Governmental Organisations LNCW Lesotho National Council of Women LSMHP Lesotho Society of Mentally Handicapped Persons LG Local Government LGA Local Government Act 1996 LPMS Livestock Produce Marketing Services LPPA Lesotho Planned Parenthood Association LSL Maloti (international acronym) LSPP Department of Land Survey and Physical Planning of MoLG MoA Ministry of Agriculture MoE Ministry of Education MoHA Ministry of Home Affairs MDTP Maluti Drakensberg Transfrontier Project MET Ministry of Environment and Tourism MoFDP Ministry of Finance and Development Planning MoFLR Ministry of Forestry and Land Reclamation MoLG Ministry of Local Government MoTICM Ministry of Trade, Industry, Cooperatives and Marketing MNR Ministry of Natural Resources MPS Ministry of Public Service MPW Ministry of Public Works NAC National AIDS Committee NGO Non-Governmental Organisation NSAs Non-State Actors PHC Primary Health Care PRS Poverty Reduction Strategy PSIRP Public Service Improvement Programme PTB Pulmonary Tuberculosis RWS Department of Rural Water Supply SADC South African Development Community SADPMA Sustainable Agricultural Development Programme for Mountain Areas SDC Swiss Development Cooperation SIA Supplementary immunization activities SMARDT Southern Mountain Association for Rural Development and Transformation TA Technical Assistance TC Technical Cooperation ToR Terms of Reference UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund VCT Voluntary Counselling and Testing WASA Water and Sewerage Authority WB World Bank WFP World Food Programme WHO World Health Organisation

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 7 List of tables Tables Title Page Table 1.1.1 Framework of action plan 12 Table 1.1.2 Inventory of stakeholders and institutions 12 Table 2.1.1 District profile 15 Table 2.2.1 Local government structure 18 Table 2.2.2 The functions of District Councils 19 Table 2.2.3 The functions of Community Councils 19 Table 2.2.4 Constituency and Community Council Population 20 Table 2.4.1 Agro-ecological characteristics 22 Table 2.4.2 Arable land in the northern districts 23 Table 2.5.1 Natural resources 23 Table 2.6.1 Rainfall data for the northern districts 25 Table 2.6.2 Long-term temperature average data 26 Table 3.1.1 Population, total land area, density and distribution index 31 Table 3.1.2 Population by district, sex and percentage change between 1996 and 2006 32 Table 3.2.1 Household demographics 34 Table 3.2.2 Social demography 35 Table 3.3.1.1 Nutritional status of children in the northern districts 36 Table 3.3.1.2 Livestock ownership in Leribe 36 Table 3.3.2.1 Gini coefficient (Per adult equivalent) 37 Table 3.3.3.1 Population and income share 37 Table 3.5.1 Gender indicators 41 Table 3.5.2 Gender aspects 41 Table 4.1.1 Agricultural profile of the district 45 Table 4.2.1 Agriculture Area planted 46 Table 4.2.2 Agricultural service providers 49 Table 4.3.1 Livestock ownership in Leribe 50 Table 4.4.1 Wool production by district, mass, yield, number of sheep and value, 2006/07 51 Table 4.4.2 Mohair production by district, mass, yield, number of goats and value 51 Table 5.1.1 Health care services 54 Table 5.2.1 Common diseases in Leribe 56 Table 5.2.2 HIV prevalence by socio-economic characteristics 57 Table 5.2.3 HIV/AIDS services 57 Table 5.2.4 HIV/AIDS indicators 59 Table 5.2.5 Some existing HIV/AIDS related programmes and activities 60 Table 6.1 Number of schools 66 Table 7.1 Percentage of population with access to safe drinking water 67 Table 7.2 Accessibility of safe drinking water in Community Councils 68 Table 8.1 Type and percentage of fuel for lighting 70 Table 8.2 Energy sources and households 71

District Council Leribe 8 Table 9.1 Communication facilities 74 Table 10.1 Road networks and initiatives in Leribe 78 Table 12.1 Number and percentage distribution of all serious cases of crime by district 2005 84 Table 12.2 Crime statistics and security services 84 Table 13.1 Types and number of business 87 Table 14.1 Tourist accommodations in the district 93

List of maps Maps Title Page Map 2.1.1 General district and Community Council map 17 Map 2.4.1 Agro-ecological zone 21 Map 2.5.1 Rainfall distribution 26 Map 2.7.1 Lesotho northern district topography 28 Map 2.8.1 Rivers and drainage 29 Map 3.1.1 Population density in Leribe 32 Map 4.1 Agricultural land 44 Map 5.1.1 Health facilities 54 Map 5.2.2 HIV prevalence in Lesotho 58 Map 9.1 Postal services 75 Map 10.1 Road networks and urban areas 78 Map 12.1 Police stations 85 Map 14.1 Tourism 91

List of diagrams Diagrams Title Page Diagram 2.6.1 Average rainfall for the northern districts 27 Diagram 2.6.2 Average temperature for the northern districts 27 Diagram 4.2.2 Crop distribution in Leribe 46 Diagram 4.2.3 Area of wheat planted in district 47 Diagram 4.2.4 Area of sorghum planted in district 47 Diagram 4.3.1 Livestock herd size 50 Diagram 4.5.1 Sheep flock size 52

Exchange rates Saturday, 4 April 2009

1 Euro = 12.25145 Lesotho Loti 1 Lesotho Loti (LSL) = 0.08162 Euro (EUR)

The Lesotho Loti (LSL) – plural Maloti – is pegged to the South African Rand (ZAR)

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 9 District Council Leribe 10 CHAPTER Background

1.1 Introduction The Government of Lesotho, through the Ministry of Local Government (MoLG), is pur- suing the policy of decentralisation to strengthen public service delivery at the local level, to entrench democratic roots and to realise the goals set in the national vision (2020) of the country.

The process is driven by the government to achieve the reforms needed to deepen democracy and improve service delivery in the districts. Although the Local Government Act was enacted in 1997, the process only began effectively in 2005 with the local gov- Background ernment elections and the subsequent creation of the local councils. The MoLG, holding the overall responsibility for the process, articulated according to the Local Government Act the devolution of responsibilities to: a) the municipality (only Maseru), b) the districts, and c) the Community Councils.

The EC has recently launched the Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Pro- gramme (LGNSP) to strengthen local government structures at district and Community Council level and to promote greater involvement and effective participation of NSA in local governments.

In this context, the EC is working closely with the LGNSP to develop district and Com- munity Council profiles in the northern districts of Lesotho in order to assist the Dis- trict Councils (DC), the Community Councils (CC) and the CBOs in their planning, budgeting and monitoring capacities.

This handbook is the result of the profiling exercise to assist the development planning efforts of the MoLG.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 11 The handbook presents detailed, up-to-date, relevant, accessible and accurate information describing the major characteristics of the District, and is to serve as a useful reference guide for all stakeholders involved in district planning efforts.

The main purpose of this handbook is to create a baseline survey for further local development interventions and to serve as a planning tool at community and district level.

1.2 Methodology This handbook is the result of a methodological process of both quantitative and qualitative investigation. The profiling exercise started by conducting several appraisals in the field of the physical and geographic features of the region, followed by a broad review of secondary sources and standard national statistics from different official sources. These data were combined with surveys, discussions, workshops and interviews with major stakeholders at the national, district and community level.

Table 1.2.1: Framework of action plan PHASE I Review of secondary information and description of geophysical features of the study area PHASE II Reconnaissance field visit, elaboration of the methodology for the investigation and implementation PHASE III Field assessment comprising District and Community Council Data collection sessions and key informant interviews Background PHASE IV Analysis, systematisation and layout of the findings

Table 1.2.2: Inventory of stakeholders and institutions 1. Community and district council members 2. Traditional leaders: head men, area chiefs, principal chiefs 3. Staff of decentralised sector ministries operating in the districts 4. Members of district committees: a. District Planning Unit (DPU) b. District Development Coordination Committee (MDDC) c. District Finance Committee (DFC) 5. Representatives of Non-State Actors (civil society organisations) 6. Political and administrative leadership of the districts 7. District Council secretary 8. District Administrator 9. Constituency office and members of parliament 10. Private sector 11. Statistical Office 12. District office of the National Statistical Office

District Council Leribe 12 The information was collected through various means of validation, workshops in Com- munity and District Councils, quantitative questionnaires to complete a set of data templates, and key Informant Interviews to complete more qualitative aspects. The district and community profiling assignment was carried out in four sequential phases. The respective outputs of each phase contributed to the overall composition of the district and Community Council information profiling. Background

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 13 District Council Leribe 14 CHAPTER District profile

2.1 Introduction Leribe is situated in the north eastern part of the country and is bordered by Botha- Bothe in the north, Mokhotlong in the east and Berea and Thaba-Tseka in the south. The western part of the district forms the international border with South Africa. The Leribe district covers 282,810 hectares or 9.32% of the country’s surface area. Consistent with the country’s topography, it consists of 42% of lowlands (below 1,800 m), 28% foothills (between 1,800 m – 2,300 m) and 30% mountain areas (above 2,300 m). Most of this landmass is non arable but suitable for livestock grazing. Fifteen hectares of the landmass are covered by forest.

According to the 2006 National Census, the District of Leribe has a total population of District profile 298,352, which represents 15.86% of the population of Lesotho. Hlotse (constituency) is the administrative town of Leribe with a population of 25,497 and Maputsoe (constituency), with a population of 26,866, is the second largest town in Leribe.

The district stretches from the Mohokare (Caledon) River and the lowlands through the foothill zone across the Maluti mountains and the Maliba-Matšo valley. The Leribe lowland zone is one of the best agricultural areas in the country. This zone also has major urban settlements with industrial establishments. Roads, electricity supply and infrastructure have facilitated urban expansion along the A1motorway, which connects Leribe with the Botha-Bothe and Berea districts.

Future urbanisation is expected primarily in the lowlands in conjunction with the existing infrastructure. Infrastructure is developed primarily in the lowland areas of the district. The major motorway (A1) runs north-south through the lowlands, connecting the main centres inside and outside the district . The bigger part of the mountain region is less accessible, although the Pitseng-Lejone-Katse road has improved the situation significantly.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 15 Table 2.1.1: Leribe district profile

LAND TOTAL OBSERVATIONS Land area 282,810 ha 9.32% of the country’s surface1 Arable land 48,800 ha Highest point 3,200 m Mountains to the east of the district Lowest point 1,500 m Mohokare valley ADMINISTRATION Limamarela Mphorosane Seshote Matlameng Pitseng Motati Fenyane Serupane Number of Malaoaneng 15 community councils Menkhoaneng Maisa-Phoka Sephokong Linare Litjotjela Khomokhoana Hleoheng Manka Tsoili-Tsoili Number of 13 constituencies

District profile Chief and wards 2 Ward Principal Chief Gazetted chiefs Leribe Chief Joel Motšoene Tsikoane Peka Chief Pontšo le Kolbere Mathealira CLIMATE Lowest average 2°C temperature Highest average 32°C temperature POPULATION Population 298,352 Net migration 14,827 Population density 128 km2 Second densely populated district

1 2006, Census, Population and Housing Preliminary Report, Bos., August 2007. Through workshops and interviews, alternative primary and secondary information on population has been collected for the profile from each Community Council and District Council. These sources unavoidably do not perfectly match the information from the Census, but have a reasonable margin of error. Both sources will need to be harmonised in the future.

District Council Leribe 16 Map 2.1.1: General District and Community Council maps

2.2 Administrative structure Local government in Lesotho enjoys constitutional status. According to the country’s constitution (Section 106.1), ‘Parliament shall establish such local authorities as it deems necessary to enable urban and rural communities to determine their affairs and to de- District profile velop themselves. Such authorities shall perform such functions as may be conferred by an Act of Parliament.’1

In 1997, the parliament passed Local Government Act no 6, and in1998 the Local Govern- ment Election Act. In 2004, amendments were enacted in the Act to reduce the number of local councils, and to ensure that one third of all seats was reserved for women. Ac- cording to the local government legislation, urban areas have single-tier municipal or urban councils. In rural areas, directly elected Community Councils are the lower tier and the indirectly elected District Councils representing Community Councils are second tier. There are ten administrative districts, 128 Community Councils, ten District Coun- cils, and the municipal council of the capital city of Maseru.

Local government elections were held on 30 April 2005 based on a first-past-the-post electoral system. This was a significant democratic development.

1 Country Profile: Lesotho. Commonwealth Local Government Forum, p. 108. Available from www.clgf.org.uk (accessed 10 July 2008).

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 17 The establishment of the current local government structure was adopted by the Cabi- net on 10 February 2004, envisioning the Local Government system as based on political devolution and decentralisation of functions, staff, and finances within the framework of a unitary state. The aim was therefore to bring democracy and its opportunities closer to the communities.

Key local functions as stipulated in the Local Government Act are: natural resources, land allocation, grazing rights, markets, building permits, local administration of central licences and regulations, bus terminals, burial, fire protection, education, family welfare and public health, physical planning, roads and public transportation, cemeteries, environment, parks, sports and recreation, forestry and agricultural improvement.

Table 2.2.1: Local government structure District profile

The District Council (DC) is formed with government officials who are indirectly elected by the Government. Two members are nominated by each Community Council from among its members, one of whom must be the chairperson of the Community Council. Traditional authorities are represented through two gazetted chiefs of the district, who also have to be members of the Community Councils. According to the law at least one third (33%) of the members of all councils must be women. The District Council elects

District Council Leribe 18 a chairperson and vice chairpersons. The chairperson serves as the head of the elected body, presides over all meetings of the council and is responsible for giving policy direc- tives to the DC Secretary.

Table 2.2.2: The functions of District Councils Management of functions outlined in the Local Government Act 1997 Monitor performance of Community Councils in the provision of services Assist and support Community Councils in the provision of services Monitor performance of line ministries and other service providers in the district Coordinate activities of service providers in the district Monitor the implementation of the district plan Converge sources of funding to respond to the priorities of Community Councils

Community Councils (CCs) consist of a minimum of 9 and a maximum of 15 elected members. The members include a maximum of 2 gazetted chiefs, who are nominated by the chiefs in the Community Council area. Each elected councillor serves a period of five years. There are currently 1,508 elected community counsellors in all – 54% of whom are women – and 249 chiefs in councils.

Table 2.2.3: The functions of Community Councils Identify and discuss local opportunities and needs Formulate, implement, monitor and evaluate community-based plans Provide a forum for contacts by and between community representatives, local leaders and politicians to enhance the flow of information

Represent the community in development matters and serve as a point of reference in matters pertaining District profile to community development Coordinate development activities to enhance smooth planning and implementation Coordinate national activities as outlined in the Local Government Act 1997

Leribe has two major urban centres: Hlotse and Maputsoe. Hlotse is the administrative centre of the district, while Maputsoe is a commercial and industrial centre and home to several small factories and a small industrial estate. There are 2 principal chiefs in the district. The district has 13 constituencies. Maliba-Matšo is the most populated constituency with 27,603 people, followed by Mphosong with 27,290 people and Likhetlane. Mahobong and Kolonyama are the least populated constituencies. Table 2.2.4 shows the constituencies and population densities.

The introduction of local government administration in Lesotho divided the Leribe district and the constituencies into the following 18 Community Councils.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 19 Table 2.2.4: Constituency and Community Council population Constituencies Community Community Population and Constituency Population Council No of households Hlotse 25,497 Limamarela 8,733 2,722 Kolonyama 18,643 Mphorosane 9,392 1,869 Likhetlane 27,239 Seshote 9,693 2,161 Mahobong 19,214 Matlameng 10,238 2,207 Maliba-Matšo 27,603 Pitseng 18,948 3,790 Maputsoe 26,866 Motati 10,080 9,700 Matlakeng 21,094 Fenyane 10,766 2,394 Mohobollo 21,110 Serupane 10,143 8,112 Mphosong 27,290 Malaoaneng 15,943 2,423 Peka 20,801 Menkhoaneng 22,502 3,326 Pela-Tsoeu 21,420 Maisa-Phoka 12,630 2,119 Thaba-Phatsoa 20,366 Sephokong 19,199 5,504 Tsikoane 21,389 Linare 24,713 3,965 Litjotjela 21,283 3,376 Khomo-khoana 26,851 11,014 Hleoheng 27,576 11,610 Manka 17,881 4,085 Tsoili-Tsoili 18,456 3,772 Total 295,027 84,149

District profile 2.3 History The district of Leribe has gained historical importance as the birth place of legendary leader Moshoeshoe I, who was born in Menkhoaneng in or around 1786. In 1840 his second son, Molapo, inherited his father’s responsibilities . Later on, under the colonial government, the Hlotse camp was established around the borders of the northern lowlands where Leribe was founded. The region was also called “Molapo” country, named after the first Prime Minister, Jonathan Molapo, who was born in the village of Kolonyama2.

The district has traditionally been governed under two wards of Tsikoane and Leribe, each headed by a principal chief. The principal chief of Tsikoane has 35 Gazetted chiefs, 30 headmen and 95 customary chiefs under his jurisdiction. The principal chief of Leribe heads 37 Gazetted chiefs, 21 headmen, and 161 customary chiefs3. Within the context of the current national development and democratisation period, the chiefs share the administration of the district along with modern institutions.

2 Peter Sanders 2000. The Last of the Queen’s Men Standing – A Lesotho Experience. Witwatersrand University Press. 3 District councillor and CCs.

District Council Leribe 20 2.4 Agro-ecological zones The Leribe district lies on the north eastern side of Lesotho and shares three completely different agro-ecological zones of lowlands, foothills and mountains. Map 2.4.1: Agro-ecological zones

LESOTHO Liqhobong GEOGRAPHICAL ZONES

Botha- Muela Bothe Botha- South Africa Bothe

Leribe Khabo Leribe South Africa Peka Lekupa

Pitseng

Teyateyaneng Berea Mokhotlong

Mokhotlong Maseru Katse

Paray Thaba-Tseka Ha Mantsebo Maseru Ha Marakabei

Matsieng Thaba - Tseka

Mafeteng

Matelile Semonkong Mafeteng Sehlabathebe Ha Paulus

Qacha's Nek Mohale's Hoek Ketane Qacha's Nek

Mohale's Hoek District profile

Agro-ecological Regions of Lesotho Mount Moorosi Lowland Foothill Quthing Quthing South Africa Alwynskop Mountain Senqu River Valley District Boundary Main Town

The district covers the 3 ecological zones – lowlands, foothills and mountains – as described in the table and map, where conditions diverge substantially. They have very different potential, but all three show limited possibilities for sustainable agriculture.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 21 Table 2.4.1: Agro-ecological characteristics

Parameter Lowlands Foothills Mountains Senqu River Valleys

Area (km2) 5,200 (17%) 4,588 (15%) 18,047 (59%) 2,753 (9%) Altitude (m) 1,000 - 1,800 1,800 - 2,000 2,000 - 3,250 1,000 – 2,000 Very steep bare Flat to gently rock outcrops Topography Steeply rolling Steeply sloping rolling and gently rolling valleys Sandy textured, Rich alluvial along Fragile, thin Calcareous clayey red to brown in valleys, thin and horizons of rich red soils with Soils the north, clayed in thick rock on black loam except poor penetration the south slopes in valley bottoms by rain fall Moist in the north, Climate moderately dry in Moist, sheltered Cold, moist Dry the south Parching sun, strong winter, Frost, snow, strong Severe drought Floods and high Risk winds, hail, periodic winter, hail, high moderate soil soil erodibility droughts, high soil soil erodibility erodibility erodibility Maize, wheat, peas, Maize, wheat, Maize, wheat, peas Maize, sorghum, Main crops fodder crops, beans, vegetables potatoes beans potatoes Denuded grassland, Poplar and willow indigenous shrubs

District profile Crops stubble, trees along Denuded dry in some river Vegetation reforestation on streams and gullies, shrubs, brush, few valleys, stunted some hills crop stubble, fruit fruit trees in valleys peach trees near trees homesteads Summer High mountain Around villages Around villages Unsuitable, too dry grazing cattle posts Cattle 47% 15% 33% 5% Sheep 29% 6% 61% 4% Goats 27% 14% 48% 11% Pigs 60% 19% 14% 7% Horses 27% 14% 55% 4% Donkeys 50% 14% 31% 5%

Arable land covers 17% of the total land in the district and is gradually shrinking due to severe soil erosion and land degradation.

District Council Leribe 22 Table 2.4.2: Arable land in the northern districts District Arable land in hectares Lesotho total 283,198 Botha-Bothe 13,284 Leribe 52,114 Mokhotlong 14,629 Source: Department of Crops, 2008

2.5 Natural resources There are limited exploitable natural resources in the district of Leribe as in the country as a whole. The main natural resource in this area however is water, which is Lesotho’s most significant resource due to a number of rivers and streams that cross district.

The district has annual renewable ground water resources of 37.02 million cubic metres, the largest being the famous Katse dam on the Maliba-Matšo River, shared with three other districts all under the Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP). Initiated in the 1990s this project was a massive infrastructure scheme to divert the abundant water from Lesotho’s highlands to South Africa’s industrial heartland, for which Lesotho gets royalties.

Table 2.5.1: Natural resources Environment Natural resources Responsibility Flora: lekhala (spiral aloe), khoara (Geranium caffrum), khomo-ea-balisa (Bulbine narcissi-

Community Councils Fact District profile folia), moli, kharetsa, cheche (Lucosida seri- Sheets, Department of cea), mosea, hloenya, African potato, naka, Tourism, Bokong Nature lesoko, khoanathi, qobo, sehalahala sa matla- Reserve ka (Chysocoma tenuifolia), seboka, hlokoana la tsela, manolo, lesoko, mohloare Names of rare, vulnerable and Fauna: tšoene (baboons), rabbit, black endangered species eagle, lenong (cape vulture), ntsu kobo- in the district kobo (bearded vulture), qoabi (African wild cat), letsa (rhebok), mutla (hare), lekhoaba (white-necked raven), khaka (helmeted guinea fowl), pela (rock rabbit), hlolo (wild hog), nakeli (skunk), noko (porcupine), sekome, marabe (puff adder), masumu (cobra), thamaha, mosenene-poli, phokojoe, hlolo, ’mutla, pela Department of Environment, Menkhoaneng Cultural Heritage Site Names of protected Department of Tourism, Chiefs, Monyatso Catchment Centre, Bokong Na- areas within the district Community Councils Fact ture Reserve, and Tsehlanyane National Park Sheets

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 23 Environment Natural resources Responsibility 1. Lehaha la Molapo-Limamarela CC 2. Lejoe motho-Mphorosane CC 3. Khopung fall, Khokhoba cave, Leaoa & Maieane wetlands-Seshote CC Names of areas to be 4. Koasa, Nkoeng-Matlameng CC Community Councils Fact protected and their 5. Lehaha la Pitseng, Letša la Tsunyane, Sheets, Bokong Nature community areas Molimo Nthuse-Pitseng CC Reserve office, chiefs 6. Mohloling, Mokurisi-Fenyane 7. Komeng San drawings, Lefika le Mokhamo at Malefane, Seetsa fortress Setibing-Malaoaneng CC 1. Maluti Drakensberg Transfrontier Project 2. Highlands Natural Resource & Rural Income Enhancement (Hnrriep) Department of Natural resource 3. Community/social forestry (within CCs) Environment management projects 4. Community gully rehabilitation (e.g. tree planting, (for poverty alleviation/fato-fato) gully rehabilitation, 5. Rehabilitation of wetlands Department of Forestry rehabilitation of 6. Capacity building to local authorities and Land Reclamation wetlands etc.) 7. Reforestation of degraded areas natural resource management projects (e.g. tree planting, gully rehabilitation, rehabilitation of wetlands etc.)

Water resources in Lesotho generate more than 50% of the country’s electricity requirements. Whereas, following international agreements, most of the water is dedicated to

District profile for South Africa, a joint treaty provides for Lesotho to extract water during severe droughts which have occurred at least 3 times since the dam was commissioned twenty years ago. The water is released into the Mohokare River which provides water for the Leribe district as well as the downstream towns on both sides of the Lesotho/South Africa border, including Hlotse and Maputsoe. With the completion of the LHWP, activities associated with the export of water and electricity have continued to provide jobs and foreign exchange.

In the rural areas, perennial springs provide drinking water for inhabitants in communities, while the rivers and streams are used for bathing, washing and watering livestock. The urban inhabitants are supplied with water by the Water and Sanitation Authority (WASA).

Apart from water, Leribe has other natural resources such as diamonds at Nqechane and Kuenaneng, a substantial deposit of uranium at Kolonyama, and dolerites at Hleo- heng. Sand and sandstone are also sources of raw materials for economic activities in various parts of the district. The district moreover boasts good farming lands in the lowlands, and 17% of the land is regarded as arable.

District Council Leribe 24 2.6 Climate The Leribe district presents variable climatic patterns. The difference in altitude between the lowlands and the highlands is reflected in the type of weather found in the district. The temperature in the lowlands ranges from a minimum of -2°C in winter to a maximum of 32°C and higher in summer. The climatic conditions in the mountains are harsh with colder, longer winters, while summer is generally cooler. Snow falls during the winter months, between April and October. On the other hand the lowland climate is cold and dry in winter but not noticeably hot in summer. There is frost throughout the winter months and hail storms in summer4. The average precipitation in Leribe ranges between 500 mm and 800 mm, with the highland zone receiving a greater proportion of the total rainfall.

Table 2.6.1: Rainfall data for the northern districts Year Botha-Bothe Leribe Mokhotlong 2000 845 879.9 857.1 2001 710.48 771.8 690.5 2002 716.1 859.2 658.1 2003 450.8 591.8 460.8 2004 590.9 700 597 2005 806 842.5 786.6 2006 986.1 992.3 837.9 2007 643.2 738.4 499.9 Normal 706.1 784.8 598.1 Source: Lesotho Meteorological Services District profile

4 Department of Lands, Surveys and Physical Planning LSPP (1992). Leribe District Physical Plan: Final Draft. Maseru, Lesotho.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 25 Map 2.6.1: Rainfall distribution

LESOTHO NORMAL RAINFALL DISTRIBUTION Botha- Bothe South Africa

South Africa Leribe

Berea Mokhotlong

Maseru

Maseru Thaba - Tseka

Mafeteng Lesotho Border District Boundary 1250 1200 1150 Qacha's Nek Mohale's Hoek 1100 1050 1000 950 900 850 South Africa 800 Quthing 750 700 650 600 550 District profile

Table 2.6.2: Long-term temperature average data Months Maximum (°C) Minimum (°C) Rainfall (mm) Jan 27.4 13.9 125.9 Feb 26.7 13.4 117.3 Mar 24.8 11.4 98.9 Apr 21.9 7.5 60.3 May 18.8 2.7 29.3 Jun 15.9 -0.7 11.0 Jul 16.2 -1.0 8.5 Aug 18.9 1.7 19.5 Sep 22.4 6.2 30.8 Oct 24.0 9.2 76.9 Nov 25.3 11.0 93.3 Dec 26.7 12.7 108.0

District Council Leribe 26 Figure 2.6.1: Average rainfall for the northern districts Average Rainfall 150.0

Botha-Bothe 112.5 Leribe Mokhotlong

75.0 Rainfall (mm)

37.5

0 Jul Jan Jun Oct Feb Sep Apr Dec Mar Nov Aug May

Figure 2.6.2: Average temperature for the northern districts

Average Maximum and Minimum Temperatures

30.0 Botha-Bothe-Max Leribe-Max Mokhotlong-Max 22.5 Botha-Bothe-Min Leribe-Min Mokhotlong-Min 15.0 District profile

7.5 Temperatures (°C)

-7.5 Jul Jan Jun Oct Feb Sep Apr Dec Mar Nov Aug May

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 27 2.7 Topography and soils 2.7.1 Topography Leribe has a wide-ranging topography, featuring lowlands, foothills and mountain zones (i.e. Maluti and Drakensberg Ranges). The lowlands are situated in the extreme west of the district. They form part of the South African Highveld. The greater proportion of the mountain zone lies in the eastern region. In between the two zones lie the foothills. The general elevation of the district ranges from 1,500 m in the lowlands to over 3,000 m in the highlands.

Map 2.7.1: Lesotho northern district topography

LESOTHO Liqhobong NORTHERN DISTRICTS Ngoahaoe Rv . Khatibe Rv . Botha- Hololo Rv South Africa Bothe . Muela

Botha-Bothe Khubelu Rv South Africa Leribe Khabo

. Malaoaneng Rv .

Orange Rv

so Rv Leribe . Peka Lekupa

Mokotong Rv .

Malibamat Pitseng .

. Liothloaneng Rv. Mapholaneng soku Rv Mat Mokhotlong . Baphali Rv Berea . Mokhotlong Maseru . Senqu Rv Sakeng Rv Senqunyane Rv . .

District profile Linakaneng Thaba - Tseka Orange Rv Lesotho Border Main Road

District Boundary Small Road Dinakeng Rv . Community Council Dirt Road BoundaryMaseru Main River Main Town

2.7.2 Soils Lesotho soils5 are classified in relation to their agricultural potential. Some regions of Leribe have deep permeable soils with potential for good agricultural production. The lowlands of Leribe have the best soils and the foothills have a medium to high potential for agriculture. Leribe has a number of soil associations6, outlined below: • Popa-lockland-Matsana association in the eastern highlands • Ralebese-Matsaba-Machache association in the foothills • Leribe-Berea-Sephula association in the western lowlands

5 A land use study conducted in 1967 by Bawden & Caroll. 6 Own sources for profiling exercise and according to the Leribe District Economic Strategy of 2002-2007.

District Council Leribe 28 The Maliba-Matšo River valley has the best soils, some of which have been flooded by the Katse dam. The strategy further stated that the Leribe soil series, especially in the western lowlands, are subject to erosion, and as a result they need careful management to maintain their fertility. These soils were also associated with low to moderate holding capacity.

2.8 Rivers and water reservoirs Leribe has plenty of water from plentiful rivers. Like most districts in the country, many of the rivers and tributaries in the lowlands drain the watersheds of the eastern highlands. Major rivers are the Mohokare (Caledon) River which runs along the western border with South Africa; the Phuthiatsana and Menyameng Rivers mark the southern border with the Berea district. Flowing from the highlands and into the Caledon River are the Makabelane, Mokotakoti, Likhetlane, Khomokhoana and Hlotse Rivers, with their associated tributaries. The Phuthiatsana and Menyameng mark the district's southern border with the Berea district. Other main rivers are the Mofoqoi, Maqu, Tsoinyane, Liphofung, Tsehlanyane, Sehauli, and Koeneng.

In the rural areas perennial springs provide drinking water for inhabitants in communities, while the rivers and streams are used for bathing, washing and watering livestock. The urban inhabitants are supplied with water by the Water and Sanitation Authority.

In the past, the availability of water influenced the pattern of settlements in rural areas, and water from rivers and dams was used for household purposes. Map 2.8.1 shows the major dams and rivers in the district, with an abundance of water resources consisting of both major and minor rivers in the highlands and the lowlands. District profile

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 29 Map 2.8.1: Rivers and drainage

District profile

District Council Leribe 30 CHAPTER Social assessment

3.1 Population distribution and density Today, Leribe’s population1 is 298,352 (42,109 people were reported to be working outside the district, and 22,905 of these were residing and working in South Africa2). These statistics show a significant decline of around –1.42 % in the population of the district in ten years (1996-2006). Despite this negative population growth, the district is facing population pressure especially on arable land, which is likely to have a negative impact on the agricultural production of the district.

Leribe shares 9 % of the total land area of Lesotho and is the second most densely populated district with a population density of 128 km2 in 2001 and 106 km2 in 2006. It is the most densely populated district after Maseru, as shown in Table 3.1.1.

Table 3.1.1: Population, total land area, density and distribution index Social assessment Percentage of population by district, percentage of area, density and distribution index in 1996 and 2006 Density Percent of Area Distribution (per km2) population (km2) index

District 1996 2001 2006 1996(a) 2001(b) 1996 2001 1996 2001

Botha-Bothe 62 72 62 5.90 % 5.90 % 1,767 1,767 1.0 1.0

Leribe 106 128 105 13.10 % 13.90 % 2,828 2,828 1.7 1.8

Mokhotlong 21 22 24 4.60 % 4.20 % 4,075 4,075 0.3 0.3

Source: 1996, (a) Lesotho Census of Population 2006, (b) Lesotho Demographic Survey 2001

1 Lesotho Census of Population and Housing, Preliminary Results, 2006. 2 The Leribe District Economic Strategy 2002-2007.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 31 The total area of the Leribe district is 2,828 km2. The population distribution over the district is uneven, with high densities in the mountain areas, the lowlands, especially in Maputsoe, and the foothills, especially in Mphosong. Some parts of the foothills and the lowlands have low population densities.

Map 3.1.1 below shows the population distribution in Leribe by constituency and by Community Council. Figure 3.1.1 also indicates the population density across the three ecological zones in the district.

Map 3.1.1: Population density in Leribe LERIBE DISTRICT

Maisa- POPULATION DENSITY Phoka

Lipelaneng South Africa Sephokong Botha-Bothe

Leribe Menkhoaneng Khomokhoana Linare CPA Litjotjela Serupane Malaoaneng Hleoheng

Motati Manka Matlameng

Pitseng CPA Tsoili-Tsoili Fenyane

Mphorosane CPA Lesotho Border Tetetebeng District Boundary Mokhotlong Community Council Boundary Limamarela CPA Natural Park C.C. POPULATION ns ai 0 nt 1 - 10271 Seshote

Social assessment Mou 10272 - 12630 i ut Katse 12631 - 22502 Dam 22503 - 27576 Mal Thaba - Tseka

The map above shows that the highlands and a small portion of the lowlands (Maputsoe urban area) have the highest population in the district.

Table 3.1.2: Population by district, sex and percentage change between 1996 and 2006 Percentage of the population by district, percentage of area, density and distribution index in 1996 and 2006

1996 2006 % CHANGE District Males Females Total Males Females Total (1996-2006) Botha-Bothe 54,340 55,565 109,905 54,063 55,466 109,529 -0,,34 Leribe 147,851 154,813 302,664 145,683 152,669 298,352 -1,,42 Mokhotlong 42,667 43,801 86,486 47,419 48,921 96,340 11,,42

Source: 2006, Lesotho Census of Population

District Council Leribe 32 3.2 Demography Basotho households differ considerably by location. It is imperative to recognise that certain types of households are more disadvantaged irrespective of the district and the agro-ecological zone in which they are found. Head of household characteristics also affect the poverty level of the families in the country.

Table 11 gives a picture of household characteristics in the district. There are 81,382 households in the entire district. Hleoheng with 11,610 inhabitants and Khomokhoana Com- munity Councils with 11,014 inhabitants have the highest number of households in the region, while Limamarela and Mphorosane CC in the mountain area have the lowest with 1,695 and 1,869 inhabitants respectively. The average household size in the district is 5.4 members. The table also shows a relatively high number of 24,711 female-headed households.

More than half of the households in the Linare and Hleoheng Community Councils are headed by women. There are altogether 6,431 child-headed households in Leribe, and most of them (30%) are in Hleoheng, with half (15 %) this number in the Litjotjela CC. The district has a total of 36,941 orphans, of whom 38 % are paternal, 32 % maternal and 30 % double orphans. Social assessment

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 33 Table 3.2.1: Household demographics

Number Average Number Community Number of of female- household % of child- % Council households headed size headed households

Limamarela C01 2,722 5 600 22,0 % 135 5.0 %

Mphorosane C02 1,869 5 374 20.0 % 92 4.9 %

Seshote C03 2,161 4 546 25.3 % 0 0.0 %

Matlameng C04 2,207 6 634 28.7 % 142 6.4 %

Pitseng C05 3,790 5 397 10.5 % 60 1.6 %

Motati C06 9,700 6 822 8.5 % 0 0.0 %

Fenyane C07 2,394 6 640 26.7 % 325 13.6 %

Serupane C08 8,112 6 958 11.8 % 231 2.8 %

Malaoaneng C09 2,423 7 508 21.0 % 119 4.9 %

Menkhoaneng C010 3,326 6 1,206 36.3 % 388 11.7 %

Maisa phoka C011 2,119 6 303 14.3 % 17 0.8 %

Sephokong C012 5,504 6 1,566 28.5 % 137 2.5 %

Linare C013 3,965 5 2,100 53.0 % 50 1.3 %

Litjotjela C014 3,376 4 820 24.3 % 490 14.5 % Social assessment Khomokhoana C015 11,014 6 4,696 42.6 % 412 3.7 %

Hleoheng C016 11,610 5 6,966 60.0 % 3,455 29.8 %

Manka C017 4,085 4 202 4.9 % 261 6.4 %

Tsoili-Tsoili C018 3,772 5 1,373 36.4 % 117 3.1% Total 84,149 5.4 24,711 28.5 % 6,431 100 % Source: IEC, Bos., 2006, Census Report, community counsellors, CCS, Chiefs, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Development and Planning, Bos., 2006 Census Report and updates

District Council Leribe 34 Table 3.2.2: Social demography Number of Number of Number Number Number Number of % Number Community Number of Average female- Child- of of of persons persons of persons Council households household headed % headed % double paternal maternal receiving receiving with size household household orphans orphans orphans food aid food aid disabilities Limamarela 2,722 5 600 60.0% 135 5.0% 290 330 720 300 11% 84 C01 Mphorosane 1,869 5 374 20.0% 92 4.9% 459 122 122 600 32% 18 C02 Seshote C03 2,161 4 546 25.3% 138 6.4% 340 534 389 259 12% 113 Matlameng 2,207 6 634 28.7% 142 6.4% 295 257 332 139 6% 86 C04 Pitseng C05 3,790 5 397 10.5% 60 1.6% 212 -393 310 90 2% 185

Motati C06 9,700 6 822 8.5% 0 0.0% 203 307 185 98 1% 59

Fenyane C07 2,394 6 640 26.7% 123 5.1% 212 393 310 663 28% 81

Serupane C08 8,112 6 958 11.8% 231 2.8% 330 430 393 116 1% 153 Malaoaneng 2,423 7 508 21.0% 119 4.9% 250 338 202 105 4% 70 C09 Menkhoaneng 3,326 6 1,206 36.3% 388 11.7% 516 882 553 220 7% 229 C010 Maisa phoka 2,119 6 303 14.3% 17 0.8% 50 146 73 50 2% 22 C011 Sephokong 5,504 6 1,566 28.5% 137 2.5% 416 503 576 159 3% 148 C012

Linare C013 3,965 5 2,100 53.0% 50 1.3% 550 290 260 70 2% 250 Social assessment Litjotjela 3,376 4 820 24.3% 490 14.5% 740 350 530 32 1% 78 C014 Khomokhoana 11,014 6 4,696 42.6% 412 3.7% 1,655 69 197 414 4% 385 C015 Hleoheng 11,610 5 6,966 60.0% 3,455 29.8% 3,440 7,740 6,020 0 0% 645 C016 Manka C017 4,085 4 202 4.9% 261 6.4% 900 1,600 1,000 300 7% 126 Tsoili-Tsoili 3,772 5 1,373 36.4% 117 3.1% 344 399 130 74 2% 150 C018 Total 84,149 5.4 24,711 28.5% 6,367 6.2% 11,202 14,297 12,302 3,689 7.0% 2,882

Source: IEC, Bos., 2006, Census Report, Community Counsellors, CCS, Chiefs, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Development and Planning, 2006 Census Report and updates

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 35 3.3 Poverty 3.3.1 The incidence of poverty Following international standard definitions, the terms “poor” and “ultra poor,” as used in Table 3.3.1.2, are defined as those households who cannot afford to meet more than 50% and 25% respectively of the mean household consumption level necessary to maintain the minimum daily requirement of 2,500 calories. The Leribe district has a similar incidence of poverty as the national average. Female- headed households and households without land or livestock are considered the most vulnerable in the district, and the period October to March is the time when food is in shortest supply. As shown in Table 3.3.1.1 poverty in the District of Leribe has resulted in a high incidence of child malnutrition.

Table 3.3.1.1: Nutritional status of children in the northern districts Height for age (stunting) Weight for height (wasting) Weight for age (underweight) Percentage Percentage Mean Percentage Percentage Mean Percentage Percentage Mean District below -3 below -2 Z below -3 below -2 Z below -3 below -2 Z Number of SD SD score SD SD score SD SD score children Lesotho Total 15.2 38 1.6 1.2 4.3 0.00 3.6 19.8 1.0 1,620 Botha-Bothe 11.2 30.4 1.5 0.4 3.7 0.1 2.1 16.1 0.8 108.0 Leribe 13.4 30.7 1.2 2.3 3.7 0.1 6.0 17.2 0.9 208.0 Mokhotlong 22.9 49.2 2.0 0.8 4.5 - 7.6 25.9 1.2 106.0 Source: Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey 2004

Another determinant of poverty in Lesotho is livestock ownership. Analysis suggests 3

Social assessment that 88% of households own livestock and at least 13% of households do not have access to land. These factors along with declining livestock numbers, stock theft, falling remittances from migrant workers, HIV/AIDS, social problems and inadequate physical and social infrastructure are the main causes of poverty in the district.

Table 3.3.1.2: Livestock ownership in Leribe Type of livestock Lowlands (%) Foothills (%) Highlands (%) Sheep 28.9 19 40.7 Goats 16.7 19 29.6 Draught cattle 30.4 31 18.5 Donkeys 41 38.1 37 Pigs 30.4 33.3 22.2 Poultry 61.3 69 55.6 Other cattle 48 54 59.3 Horses 15.7 24.6 11.1 Source:The Leribe district economic strategy 2002-2007

3 MoACLR Baseline Survey 2001.

District Council Leribe 36 The per capita “poverty line”4 in Lesotho is 146 Maluti per person per month, an amount based on actual expenditure5 incurred on non-food items by households from the more deprived segments of the population. The “ultra poverty line” was defined by half this level at 73 Maluti per person per month.

3.3.2 Inequality Another major constraint to growth is the persistently large inequalities in the distribution of income. The Gini6 coefficient:

Table 3.3.2.1: Gini coefficient (per adult equivalent) District 2002/03 1994/95 Lesotho Total 0.52 0.57 Botha-Bothe 0.49 0.49 Leribe 0.49 0.56 Mokhotlong 0.52 0.56 Source: Bos. Household budget survey 1994/95, 2002/03

The Gini coefficient computed for all districts shows that inequality has decreased in the last decade, although levels remain high. Leribe shows slightly lower levels on average than the national levels.

3.3.3 Distribution of poverty Virtually all analyses and household surveys show striking variations of poverty in relation to gender, household size, livelihood patterns, access to basic services, and geographic location. The greatest determinant of variation is geography. Social assessment Table 3.3.3.1: Population and income share 2002/03 1994/95

District Population share Income share Population share Income share

Lesotho total 56.7 20.5 66.6 24.9 Botha-Bothe 7 5.3 6.8 6.1 Leribe 16.9 14.2 15.6 19.8 Mokhotlong 7 8.1 4.7 3.1 Source: Bos. Household budget survey 1994/95, 2002/03

4 Based on constant 2002 prices. 5 Lesotho’s poverty line is the result of converting expenditure on 30 items of food and 10 own-produced consumption items into quantities and calories. The minimum expenditure on food necessary to meet the internationally accepted threshold of 2,200 kilo- calories required for a healthy and active life is based on the cost per calorie actually incurred by a Basotho family. 6 Most commonly used inequality statistic: ranges from 0 (perfect equality) to 1 (perfect inequality).

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 37 The analysis shows that the mountain areas of Leribe are significantly poorer by all indicators. Extreme poverty is concentrated in the rural areas not only as a proportion of the population but also in absolute numbers.

Gender shows a significant variation in poverty. In Leribe, an estimated 40% of households in 2009 were headed by women who were single, divorced, widowed or abandoned by their husbands. Female-headed households had the highest incidence of poverty vulner- ability (65% and 62%) because they are typically headed by young unemployed women and/or ageing widows, who may have lost the assets they once possessed, are less likely to own agricultural assets such as livestock (35%, compared to 55% of male-headed households), and have difficulties securing cash incomes.

The most common socioeconomic aspects of poverty, i.e. health and education, are dis- cussed in the next sections.

3.3.4 Coping strategies Coping strategies during lean periods include assistance from neighbours and relatives (ho sobelana), relief programmes (including cash-for-work), school supplementary feeding schemes, casual labour, small business activities, relief programmes and small savings groups (burial societies).

“Mafisa” is a custom whereby animals are borrowed from and shared with one another. This custom is an important source of income for households without livestock. The owner lends and shares animals in return for access to herders and better grazing. The recipient benefits by using these animals for labour and even enjoys certain limited products (e.g. milk). “Lesielo,” the lending of female animals in order to share offspring –is a Social assessment similar customary practice which may benefit poorer households.

The following chapters present how Leribe, along with the other mountain districts, lags behind the national average in key social indicators such as education, health or water and sanitation.

3.4 Economic profile 3.4.1 The economy of the northern districts Over the past decade, the economy of Leribe, following similar patterns in the neighbouring northern districts, has experienced three important external shocks that have had a significant impact on the private sector.

District Council Leribe 38 The first relates to activities associated with the Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP). The project, initiated in the 1990s, was a massive infrastructure scheme to divert the abundant water from Lesotho’s highlands to one of South Africa’s largest industrial provinces. During its implementation, LHWP contributed to an overall expansion of the economy and to the composition of the private sector in Leribe. The construction sub- sector, which benefited substantially from the LHWP, became unusually large, accounting for 23% of GDP, and unfortunately did not bring enough wealth to the district.

With the completion of the LHWP, activities associated with the export of water and electricity have continued to provide jobs and foreign exchange, but most construction workers needed to look for alternative employment.

The second shock is related to retrenchments in the South African gold mines, which had traditionally employed more than a third of the male Basotho labour force in the region. This has had two negative effects in the last decade: (i) a dramatic decline in Basotho miners’ remittances from 46% in the 80s to 21% of GNP this decade; and (ii) an increasing number of retrenched miners returning to Lesotho looking unsuccessfully for jobs.

In addition, men with little or no education, who traditionally depended on jobs in the South African mining sector, have now been forced to seek jobs elsewhere, without the necessary skills to take advantage of opportunities in other sectors such as manufacturing or agriculture in Leribe. Both facts further aggravate the unemployment situation in Leribe7.

The third shock is related to the arrival and rapid expansion of the textile and garments industry, initially, from across the border in the RSA and then followed by high levels of

Chinese and Taiwanese foreign direct investment (FDI) in Lesotho, but particularly in Social assessment Leribe.

In addition to the government’s offer of tax incentives and provision of infrastructure in enclaves, the market-opening opportunities provided by agreements such as the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) and Multi-Fiber Agreement (MFA) enabled Lesot- ho’s exports to enter the U.S. market on a preferential basis so that Lesotho’s exports increased almost fivefold in 6 years, reaching $ 321 million in 2002 and $ 456 million in 2004.

Over 2005-2006, however, there was an increase in the number of firms from 48 to 52 while total employment also increased by over 8,700 workers.

7 Household Budget Survey, 2002/2003.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 39 One of the outcomes of the rapid inflow of garment-related FDI in Leribe is a striking dichotomy in the private sector. On the one hand, there are close to 50 foreign-owned garment factories providing close to 50,000 jobs, well connected to global supply chains and exporting almost all of their output mostly to the U.S. market. On the other hand, there is a small Basotho-owned private sector comprising mostly micro and small firms providing goods and services for the domestic market, in competition with imports.

They are engaged primarily in trade, services, local construction, sandstone quarrying and, to a limited extent, manufacturing.They are moreover completely disconnected from the regional supply chains of South Africa and/or other SADC countries. Also, they are not benefiting from the diffusion of managerial and technical skills or from backward and forward linkages to the FDI manufacturing firms operating in Lesotho, despite the latter’s presence in the country for nearly two decades.

3.4.2 The economy of Leribe Leribe is characterised by low levels of average income, high unemployment, high degree of inequality and severe land and soil degradation which restrains agricultural potential. Leribe has been hit by persistent food insecurity, caused mainly by successive drought- related crop failures, coupled with chronic poverty and HIV.

Maputsoe is the border town between Lesotho and the Orange Free State of South Africa. It has a border post which connects to Ficksburg across the Mohokare River. It is the second busiest border post in Lesotho with high economic development potential for trade with South Africa. It is the second largest industrial centre which was initially processing maize, producing umbrellas, and has lately been producing clothing and shoes Shortly after Independence, the Lesotho National Development Corporation Social assessment chose Maputsoe as the site for Lesotho’s second industrial estate. By the early 1970s, an industrial estate had been laid out with sites fully serviced by tarred roads, electricity, water and other services. Early industries included maize milling, furniture manufacture, electric light fittings, umbrellas, tractor assembly, shoes and clothing. It is the last of these, the manufacturing of clothes, including jeans and leisure wear, which has subsequently become the most important industry. A second industrial estate has been established just west of the village of Ha Nyenye, two kilometres south of the original estate. The manufacturing sector increased employment.

3.5 Gender aspects There is a general concern in Lesotho about gender inequality and women’s empower- ment, in spite of the fact that Basotho women have attained in recent year higher levels of education. This is evident in politics and in decision-making positions which are still male dominated.

District Council Leribe 40 The patriarchal gender system that characterises Basotho society has traditionally em- braced male supremacy to the disadvantage of female participation in decision-making and development processes. The situation is gradually changing as a result of international pressure, economic challenges to masculinity and deliberate government interventions to strive for equality. These include the introduction of gender and development policies, and legal reforms through affirmative measures in the Local Government Act to accommodate 30% women representation in local government, resulting in a 53% female presence in local government in Leribe, just 5% below the national figure.

Table 3.5.1: Gender indicators M/F M/F M/F Community Council Male Female Total population counsellors school population population population ratio ratio ratio Limamarela C01 4,336 4,397 8,733 0.98 0.62 0.42 Mphorosane C02 4,700 4,692 9,392 1 1.2 0.41 Seshote C03 4,844 4,849 9,693 1 0.57 0.33 Matlameng C04 5,149 5,089 10,238 1 1 0.5 Pitseng C05 9,335 9,613 18,948 0.97 1.16 0.5 Motati C06 5,054 5,026 10,080 1 0.37 0.67 Fenyane C07 5,374 5,392 10,766 0.99 0.57 0.67 Serupane C08 4,940 5,203 10,143 0.99 0.37 0.67 Malaoaneng C09 7,957 7,986 15,943 0.99 0.38 0.33 Menkhoaneng C010 11,156 11,346 22,502 0.98 2.67 0.33 Maisa phoka C011 6,314 6,316 12,630 0.99 0.85 0.33 Sephokong C012 9,582 9,617 19,199 0.99 1.16 0.33 Linare C013 11,910 12,803 24,713 0.93 1.2 0.5 Social assessment Litjotjela C014 10,395 10,888 21,283 0.95 0.85 0.5 Khomokhoana C015 12,164 14,687 26,851 0.82 0.37 0.33 Hleoheng C016 13,220 14,356 27,576 0.92 1.6 0.5 Manka C017 8,885 8,996 17,881 0.97 2.25 0.44 Tsoili-Tsoili C018 9,080 9,376 18,456 0.96 1.16 1 Total 144,395 150,632 295,027 Source: Bos., 2006 Census Preliminary Report, CCS

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 41 Table 3.5.2: Gender aspects Gender aspects Male Female Population 145,663 152,669 Community Councils 47% 53% (2) District council 23 (61%) 15 (39%) Household heads 60% 40% Livestock ownership 55% 35% Number and % of HIV prevalence 735 (30.5%) 270 (28.3%) Enrolment in Primary Schools 34,622 32,106 Community Council chairpersons 14 4 Number of OVCs receiving care and support 2,199 3,081 People dependent on home-based care 2,908 4,997

Table 3.5.2 displays male to female ratios in the Community Councils. The population ratio is almost the same across all the Community Councils. However the male to female counsellors’ ratio differs across the districts. There is generally a close gender balance among Community Councils in Leribe however, as four, namely Mphorosane, Seshote, Matlameng, and Motati, have a 50/50ratio. This is explained by the affirmative action taken by the government to increase the representation of women in local government structures. In spite of such efforts, the chairpersons of Community Councils and in the district council are predominantly male. The gender analysis of the Leribe district council shows a significant imbalance between the sexes (61% men, 39% women), thereby falling short of the objective of promoting gender equality in local governance. 3.6 Out-migration rate

Social assessment During the 1970s approximately 125,000 Basotho workers were employed in the South African mining industry at any one time and another 25,000 were employed in other industries of South Africa. Half of the gross national income was generated from remittances coming from migrant workers in South Africa. The number of mine workers remained at that level until 1990, but there was subsequently a sustained decline and there are now only approximately 60,000. More than 14% of males and 4% of females8 over the age of 15 currently work in South Africa, which is equivalent to approximately120.000 people. It is estimated that 37 % are from Leribe.

Between 1986 and 1996 the Leribe district had among the largest out-migration rates in Lesotho. Out-migration to work in the mines is declining but there has been an increasing rural-urban migration to Maseru. The relative improvement of communication with the highlands has resulted in stimulated migration for economic opportunities and education.

8 According to the 2004 Lesotho demographic survey.

District Council Leribe 42 CHAPTER Agricultural profile

4.1 Introduction The Leribe district is considered to be one of the main agricultural production zones in the country due to its fertile soils, high rainfall and large agricultural areas. Maize, sorghum and beans are said to be the most common crops in Leribe across the Community Councils. The district produces a large quantity of maize. It plants 21% of the national maize area and harvests 24.8% of the national production [LBES 2002]. 30,000 hectares were planted with maize, 5,550 hectares with sorghum, and 2,000 hectares with wheat in previous years.

The majority of households in the district depend on income from agriculture, livestock production, manufacturing and remittances from migrant labour sources, which are the

mainstay of the district’s economy. Agriculture contributes 16.5% to the GDP and it Agricultural profile constitutes the main activity for about 80% of the population [UNDP (2007)]. However agriculture is predominantly subsistence in nature, with the majority of farmers cultivat- ing less than half a hectare of land9. Remittances from migrant workers used to play a critical role in household incomes in Lesotho. Most families supplemented their incomes from the remittances and invested in farming activities. However, retrenchments from the mining industry in South Africa influenced agricultural production in terms of farm input purchases and affected agricultural production negatively in the country.

9 Lesotho National Development Report (2006).

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 43 Map 4.1: Agricultural land

LERIBE DISTRICT

Maisa- AGRICULTURE Phoka

Lipelaneng Botha-Bothe South Africa Sephokong

Leribe Menkhoaneng Khomokhoana Linare CPA Litjotjela Serupane Malaoaneng Hleoheng

Motati Manka Matlameng

Pitseng CPA Tsoili-tsoili Fenyane

Mphorosane CPA Tetetebeng Lesotho Border Mokhotlong District Boundary Community Council Limamarela Boundary CPA Degraded Land ns ai Cropland Arable Land t n Seshote Rangeland Catle Post Mou Area i ut Katse Natural Park Mal Thaba - Tseka Dam Agricultural profile

District Council Leribe 44 Table 4.1.1: Agricultural profile of the district

Number of Average Size of Community households size of Main crops Main with agricultural public livestock Council land produced agricultural plots 2) in area plots (hectares) (Km Maize, wheat, Cattle, sheep, Limamarela C01 1,892 4 472 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Mphorosane C02 1,121 0.04 99 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Seshote C03 546 4 274 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Matlameng C04 1,986 2 364 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Pitseng C05 4,835 1.2 263 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Motati C06 1,693 2 382 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Fenyane C07 763 1.2 371 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Serupane C08 2,447 2 215 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Malaoaneng C09 2,365 10 455 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Menkhoaneng C010 2,974 5 33 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Maisa phoka C011 11,000 1.5 192 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep,

Sephokong C012 3,331 3 200 Agricultural profile beans horses Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Linare C013 3,205 1.4 167 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Litjotjela C014 3,200 4 372 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Khomokhoana C015 2,974 5 251 wheat pig Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Hleoheng C016 3,400 4 382 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Manka C017 2,941 5,571 372 beans goats Maize, sorghum, Cattle, sheep, Tsoili-Tsoili C018 3,172 4 51 beans goats Total 45,808 5,625 4,915

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 45 4.2. Crop profile analysis Agriculture in Leribe is uneconomical and production is inadequate. The government has to a certain extent been held to account for this as it subsidises cereal crop production. On the other hand, over the years households have also subsidised their agricultural costs by diverting income from mine remittances to crop production. In a self-subsistence framework, few households keep proper records and are aware that costs often exceed their returns.

Table 4.2.1: Agriculture area planted

Area Planted in Summer by Crop Type in Leribe in 2007 30,000

22,500

15,000

7,500

- Source: Ministry of Agriculture, 2008

Figure 4.2.2: Crop distribution in Leribe Agricultural profile

Lowlands Foothils Mountains

t e a m s s s s m s ix y ts s s iz e u n a n n u a le a p e a h h a e a a e M r ro to g e P e e h P r a O c a M W r B B B rg e B r t o o & th e o S & & S s h P z n O t m i & a O u a e h M e B rg iz o a S M

Source: Ministry of Agriculture, 2007

District Council Leribe 46 Figure 4.2.3: Area of wheat planted in district

AREA OF WHEAT PLANTED IN DISTRICT (Hectares) 9000

6750

4500 Hectares

2250

0 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

Source: Ministry of Agriculture, 2008

In the mountains, where direct agricultural costs are lower because people tend to use animal traction, manure and their own seeds, crop production is profitable but the amounts grown fall far short of the requirements. Altogether, fewer than 5% of households produce enough cereals to feed their families throughout the year, with the re- mainder having to purchase part or all of their cereals.

Figure 4.2.4: Area of sorghum planted in district AREA OF SORGHUM Planted (Hectares) 15000

11250

7500 Agricultural profile 3750 Hectares

198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007

Botha-Bothe Leribe Mokhotlong

Source: Ministry of Agriculture, 2008

Leribe produces around 30% of the total food required to feed its population in a normal year. This means that 60% of the annual cereal requirement has to be imported at the going regional market price. Household purchasing power therefore plays an important role in household food security. This in effect means that, overall, households are more vulnerable to increases in the price of maize than they are to low crop production as a result of erratic weather patterns.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 47 Most rural dwellers face food income deficits. The current food access problem in Leribe is a result of low food production, increases in the price of staple foods and depressed employment markets.

The decline in mine remittances has had a serious impact on food production as far fewer households have the necessary income to invest in the required inputs. For poor households the annual practice of procuring the required inputs for cereal production is almost insurmountable. In the past this would have been overcome through sharecropping with other households but as the number of people without wage employment grows, the prospects for sharecropping have declined.

Because of changing weather patterns and the harsh conditions of the highlands in Leribe, the Basotho live far from their fields and their cattle. The pattern of settlement is such that people and animals are separated from the land which they use to produce their food. The most serious implication of this is that it is virtually impossible to maintain fertility as the distance between the sources of soil nutrition (manure) and the fields is excessive.

Fertility and soil conditions steadily decline as the majority of families are unable to find the means to transport manure to the fields and are unable to afford artificial fertilisers. Depletion of organic matter in the soil results in a reduction of the soil’s capacity to retain moisture, which in turn means that crops are increasingly vulnerable to dry spells that they might otherwise have survived in the past.

The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MoAFS) is the leading public service provider through resource centres to which all Community Councils have access. Private service providers include: LHDA, the Red Cross, UNICEF, FAO and other NGOs. There are about 50,000 households with agricultural plots. LHDA is engaged in three main programme

Agricultural profile areas, the first being mountain horticulture and field crops. This programme involved the establishment of village nurseries for fruit tree and seed multiplication, highland maize, potatoes, wheat and beans. LHDA supplies inputs and training for farmers. The second of these areas is the livestock and range management project. The third area is fisheries, where LHDA provides loans, licensing and training for farmers10.

10 Lesotho national development report, 2006.

District Council Leribe 48 Table 4.2.5: Agricultural service providers Community Government service Non-State Actors Planned Agric Council providers service providers projects Limamarela C01 MoAFS LHDA Mphorosane C02 MoAFS LHDA Seshote C03 MoAFS LHDA Mahobong resource Matlameng C04 LHDA centre FAO agricultural Pitseng C05 MoAFS FAO project Motati C06 MoAFS LHDA Fenyane C07 MoAFS LHDA Serupane C08 MoAFS FAO, UNICEF, NGOs Malaoaneng C09 MoAFS FAO, NGOs Piggery, sheep, Menkhoaneng C010 MoAFS Red Cross stock farming Maisa phoka C011 MoAFS Red Cross Tale and Hlotse Sephokong C012 Resource Centres FAO, UNICEF, Red Cross Linare C013 MoAFS FAO, UNICEF, NGOs Litjotjela C014 MoAFS FAO, UNICEF, NGOs Khomokhoana Khomokhoana C015 None Block Farming Resource Centre Hleoheng C016 MoAFS Red Cross Manka C017 MoAFS Red Cross Agricultural profile Tsoili-Tsoili C018 MoAFS Red Cross

4.3 Livestock production About 80% of the population of Leribe own livestock. The table below gives a picture of livestock ownership in the district, providing a summary of ownership patterns in different agro-ecological zones. The highlands have the highest percentage of cattle, sheep and goat ownership in Leribe, while the foothills and the lowlands have the highest poultry and draught cattle ownership respectively. The table also shows high dairy cattle ownership (14.3%) in the foothills compared to 8.8% and 7.4% in the lowlands and highlands respectively.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 49 Table 4.3.1: Livestock ownership in Leribe Type of livestock Lowlands % Foothills % Highlands % Poultry 61.3 69 55.6 Cattle 48 54 59.3 Donkeys 41 38.1 37 Pigs 30.4 33.3 22.2 Draught cattle 30.4 31 18.5 Sheep 28.9 19 40.7 Goats 16.7 19 29.6 Horses 15.7 24.6 11.1 Dairy cattle 8.8 14.3 7.4 Indigenous cattle 2 - - Beef cattle 0.5 - 3.7 Mules 0.5 - - Source:The Leribe District Economic Strategy, 2002-2007

Leribe has a large size of cattle herds, contributing 17% to the national cattle popula- tion11. Cattle are used mainly for dairy production and draught, especially in the highlands. They are also slaughtered during traditional ceremonies. With a high HIV prevalence among herders, cattle herds are likely to decrease since the Basotho traditionally slaugh- ter cattle for their deceased. A cattle herd is still a symbol of wealth and prestige in many rural areas of Lesotho.

Figure 4.3.1: Livestock herd size HERD SIZE (Heads) Agricultural profile 200000

150000

100000 Heads

50000

0 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

Botha-Bothe Leribe Mokhotlong Source: Ministry of Agriculture, 2008

11 The Leribe District Economic Strategy, 2002-2007.

District Council Leribe 50 4.4 Wool and mohair Table 4.4.1 below depicts wool production in the country, and also shows the percentages of wool production in 2006/07 by district. Leribe has the highest production of wool (22%), followed by Maseru,Thaba-Tseka, Quthing and Botha-Bothe. Among the northern districts, Leribe has the lowest levels of wool production.

Table 4.4.1: Wool production by district, mass, yield, number of sheep and value, 2006/07 Production Gross value Average price District Net mass Clean mass Clean yield Total sheep (%) (kg) (Maluti) C/kg Lesotho Total 2,193,965.50 1,298,807.80 59,20 820,694.00 2,67 61,706,694 Lt 2,812.56 Botha-Bothe 217,773.50 129,175.10 59,32 85,380.00 2,55 6,117,696 Lt 2,809.20 Leribe 160,121.70 96,425.50 60,22 56,643.00 2,83 4,777,775 Lt 2,983.84 Mokhotlong 483,225.00 290,597.00 60,14 159,879.00 3,02 14,366,539 Lt 2,973.05 Source: Lesotho Livestock Products. Bos., 2006/07

Leribe has 13 wool and mohair growers associations with 1.183 members. The district has 22 dip tanks and 8 wool sheds operated and owned by the government. There are two additional wool sheds at Pelaneng area, these are privately owned. Table 4.4.2 represents mohair production in the country. Leribe contributes 7% to the total production.

Table 4.4.2: Mohair production by district, mass, yield, number of goats and value able Net Clean Clean Total Gross value District mass mass yield (%) goats (Maloti) Lesotho Total 362,070 296,674 78 423,444 7,953.720 Lt

Botha-Bothe 46,619 39,013 74 9,478 342,620 Lt Agricultural profile Leribe 25,459 21,066 83 26,721 1,186.534 Lt Mokhotlong 82,902 68,972 83 76,685 4,221.103 Lt Source: Lesotho Livestock products. Bos., 2006/07

4.5 Goat and sheep The sheep and goat population is very high in the highlands, where almost every household has a small stock. 40.7% of households in the highlands own sheep compared with 28.9% in the lowlands and 19% in the foothills. Households in the highlands have an average of 24 animals, compared with 10 in the lowlands and 4 in the foothills. As shown in the graph, the sheep flock size has decreased in recent years.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 51 Figure 4.5.1: Sheep flock size

300000

225000

150000 Heads 75000

0 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

Botha-Bothe Leribe Mokhotlong

Source: Ministry of Agriculture, 2007

4.6 Range management Lesotho is a grassland country, with very limited forest cover, where the mountains form the largest part of grazing areas. Until lately, natural resource management in Lesotho used to be the responsibility of the chiefs and village development councils. With the introduction of local government, natural resource management has become the responsibility of the local Community Councils.

Before the introduction of local government in the country, the two principal chiefs of Leribe were responsible for the overall range and grazing management. This included grazing permits for cattle posts in the highlands as well as for allocating land to the grazing associations. There are three registered grazing associations in the district: Matsoku in

Agricultural profile the Maliba-Matšo catchment area, Bokong in Pelaneng in the Katse catchment area, and Ha Khabo.

Due to high livestock ownership in the district, the rangelands are vulnerable to over- stocking, which is likely to result in poor quality vegetation, poor soil fertility and thus to affect livestock production and quality. Wild fires are also a serious threat to rangelands in the country.

In the Leribe district there is a very efficient system of range management associations and grazing associations, which were established during the construction of Katse and Mohale dams in the catchments to reduce reservoir sedimentation risk. In the Bokong and Tsehlanyane areas the community and area chiefs have dedicated thousands of hectares of rangeland to a community-based nature conservation tourism initiative in collaboration with LHWP.

District Council Leribe 52 CHAPTER Health and HIV/AIDS

5.1 Health After showing signs of improvement in the 1990s, the health conditions of Leribe population appear to have worsened over the past decade. Average life expectancy has declined (presumably due to HIV/AIDS). Poverty has increased and with it the infant mortality, under-five child mortality, and maternal mortality rates. Morbidity and mortality from communicable diseases such as Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and non-communicable diseases have all increased in recent years. The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Lesotho (29 % of the population aged 15-49 are infected with HIV) has contributed to these negative trends in Leribe, but there is an overall sense that quality of health services has also declined compared to the higher quality primary care system that existed in the 1980s. Health and HIV/AIDS Leribe has two hospitals, Motebang Government Hospital in Hlotse and Mission Mamamohau Hospital in Seshote. Leribe being situated along the route leading to the Katse dam, has benefited from provision of various resources, including the construction of two clinics at Ha Lejone and Mphorosane, and a trauma unit at Motebang Hospital. These initiatives significantly improved geographic access for the population in this district. There are 34 health centres in Leribe; one filter clinic in Maputsoe town, 24 privately owned by CHAL, and 10 owned by the government. There are 5 private practitioners in the district. Even though the health infrastructure seems to be well developed, most highland residents still travel long distances for health services, well beyond the 5-10/2 hours recom- mended by WHO. Map 5.1.1 below shows the distribution of health care facilities and road networks, and the accessibility of these services in the district.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 53 Map 5.1.1: Health facilities LERIBE DISTRICT

Maisa- HEALTH CENTRES Phoka

Lipelaneng

Botha-Bothe South Africa Sephokong

Leribe Menkhoaneng Khomokhoana Linare CPA Litjotjela Serupane Malaoaneng Hleoheng

Motati Manka Matlameng

Pitseng CPA Tsoili-tsoili Fenyane

Mphorosane CPA Tetetebeng Lesotho Border Mokhotlong

District Boundary Limamarela Community Council Boundary CPA ns Main Road ai nt Small Road Seshote Mou Dirt Road i ut Katse Health Centre Mal Thaba - Tseka Dam

The government of Lesotho has for many years pursued a primary health care strategy which entails making health care services accessible and available within walking distance. The District Profiling exercise shows how more than 225 villages still have a very poor access to health facilities. Table 5.1.1 provides a picture of health care accessibility in the different Community Councils of the district. Fifty-five villages in Sephokong Community Council have very limited access to health services. People in Fenyane travel 60 km to the

Health and HIV/AIDS nearest health centre.

Table 5.1.1: Health care services

Average Health distance Number Number Government services (km) to 3 most Number of of villages Number Community Council health by NGOs reach prevalent of households % with worst % of centres and nearest diseases households with access affected private health toilets to HC people providers centre

HIV/AIDS, Limamarela C01 0 1 15 tuberculosis 2,722 1,663 61% 6 8% 5,335 Diabetes, diarrhoea, Mphorosane C02 0 2 22 pneumonia, 1,869 1,717 92% 4 5% 8,628 vomiting Skin disorder, Seshote C03 0 2 23 STIs 2,161 1,686 78% 24 65% 5,705

District Council Leribe 54 HIV/AIDS, Matlameng C04 1 0 17 cardiovascular, 2,207 135 6% 27 49% 626 respiratory Tuberculosis, Pitseng C05 1 1 15 HIV/AIDS, 3,790 700 18% 3 6% 3,500 malnutrition Tuberculosis, Motati C06 1 1 11 HIV/AIDS, 9,700 624 6% 16 46% 648 Hypertension Tuberculosis, Fenyane C07 1 0 60 HIV/AIDS, 2,394 134 6% 35 92% 603 diabetes Tuberculosis, Serupane C08 1 1 2 STI, 8,112 768 9% 3 4% 960 Hypertension Pulmonary, tuberculosis, Malaoaneng C09 1 0 3 HIV/AIDS, 2,423 600 25% 0 0% 3,948 hypertension HIV/AIDS, Menkhoaneng C010 1 1 2 tuberculosis, 3,326 1,098 33% 4 4% 7,429 diabetes HIV/AIDS, Maisa phoka C011 0 1 27 tuberculosis, 2,119 451 21% 2 3% 2,688 diabetes HIV/AIDS, Sephokong C012 0 1 10 tuberculosis, 5,504 224 4% 59 40% 781 diabetes HIV/AIDS, Linare C013 1 0 15 diabetes, 3,965 1,400 35% 5 8% 8,726 hypertension STIs, chest Litjotjela C014 1 1 18 infections, 3,376 2,200 65% 1 2% 13,869 diarrhoea

Tuberculosis, Health and HIV/AIDS Khomokhoana C015 1 9 5 HIV/AIDS 11,014 2 0% 5 42% 4

HIV/AIDS, Hleoheng C016 0 1 12 STIs, 11,610 2,122 18% 6 13% 5,040 tuberculosis HIV/aids, Manka C017 1 3 25 tuberculosis, 4,085 684 17% 22 34% 2,994 diarrhoea Hypertension, Tsoili-Tsoili C018 0 1 14 tuberculosis, 3,772 1,894 50% 3 6% 9,267 HIV/AIDS Source: IEC, Bos., 2006, Census Report, community counsellors, CCS, chiefs, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Development and Plannning, Bos. 2006, Census Report and updates

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 55 5.2 HIV HIV/AIDS remains a major concern in Leribe because of relatively high prevalence rates reported among adult populations and significantly higher rates among younger ages. Leribe District ranks number one in the country’s level of prevalence with 25.5%. The prevalence rate of HIV in that district is lower in rural areas, where about 80 % of the total population live, than in urban areas. About 85 % of all AIDS cases occur among people in the most economically productive age group, aged 20-45 (Ministry of Health, 2003). The deaths of these individuals constitute a serious economic and social tragedy in the lives of surviving family, friends, and employers [DHS (2004)]. The persistent and rising impact of HIV affects agriculture and livelihoods as well as the overall employment of the productive population.

Table 5.2.1: Common diseases in Leribe Community Council 3 most prevalent Limamarela C01 HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis Mphorosane C02 Diabetes, diarrhoea Seshote C03 Skin disorder, STIs Matlameng C04 HIV/AIDS, cardiovascular, respiratory Pitseng C05 Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, malnutrition Motati C06 Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, hypertension Fenyane C07 Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, diabetes Serupane C08 Tuberculosis, STI, hypertension Malaoaneng C09 Pulmonary tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, hypertension Menkhoaneng C010 HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, diabetes Maisa phoka C011 HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, diabetes Sephokong C012 HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, diabetes Linare C013 HIV/AIDS, diabetes, hypertension Health and HIV/AIDS Litjotjela C014 STIs, chest infections, diarrhoea Khomokhoana C015 Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS Hleoheng C016 HIV/AIDS, STI, tuberculosis Manka C017 HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, diarrhoea Tsoili-Tsoili C018 Hypertension, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS

HIV prevalence is generally higher in urban areas than in rural areas. Leribe, with a high urban population, has the highest rate of HIV prevalence, of more than 25,5% of the adult population (aged 15-49 years) [Lesotho Epidemiological Country profile on HIV and AIDS (Population based survey 2004)]. Map 5.1.1 below depicts HIV prevalence rate in the country. HIV prevalence is very high in the country and Leribe has the highest percentage as indicated on the map.

District Council Leribe 56 Table 5.2.2: HIV prevalence by socioeconomic characteristics HIV positive percentage among women and men aged 15-49 who were tested, by background characteristics in the northern districts Women Men Total

Percentage Percentage Percentage District HIV Number HIV Number HIV Number positive positive positive

Leribe 30.6 735 28.3 270 29.7 704 Mokhotlong 20.6 153 13.0 97 17.7 250 Botha-Bothe 25.3 195 12.4 128 20.2 323 Source: Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey Bos., 2004

Leribe now has 300 support groups, 13 ART sites, 11 professional HIV testing and counselling service providers in health facilities, providing support for 37,800 people relying on home-based care, and 37,800 orphans, and has 3,700 food aid recipients.

There is generally a high level of readiness to go for voluntary counselling and testing (VCT), and high interest to get the results of the test.

Table 5.2.3: HIV/AIDS services

Number of % people Number of Level of Community Readiness to people depend- dependent HIV/AIDS interest to Council undergo VCT ent on home- on home- support get results based care based care groups

Limamarela C01 High High 120 1% 9

Mphorosane C02 High High 262 3% 9 Health and HIV/AIDS Seshote C03 High High 49 1% 1 Matlameng C04 High High 50 0% 29 Pitseng C05 High High 500 3% 49 Motati C06 Very high High 56 1% 9 Fenyane C07 Very high High 267 2% 36 Serupane C08 Very high High 320 3% 14 Malaoaneng C09 High High 21 0% 28 Menkhoaneng C010 High High 1,311 6% 13 Maisa phoka C011 Low (10%) High 79 1% 9 Sephokong C012 High High 194 1% 14 Linare C013 High High 613 2% 14

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 57 Number of % people Number of Level of Community Readiness to people depend- dependent HIV/AIDS interest to Council undergo VCT ent on home- on home- support get results based care based care groups Litjotjela C014 High High 1,653 8% 8

Khomokhoana C015 Very high Medium 267 1% 14

Hleoheng C016 High High 644 2% 2 Manka C017 High High 220 1% 44 Tsoili-Tsoili C018 Medium High 343 2% 30 Total 6,969 2.8% 332

Map 5.2.1: HIV prevalence in Lesotho LESOTHO NORTHERN DISTRICTS HIV PREVALENCE Botha-Bothe South Africa Botha- Bothe

Leribe Leribe South Africa

Berea Mokhotlong

Mokhotlong Maseru

Maseru

Health and HIV/AIDS Thaba - Tseka

Mafeteng

Qacha's Nek Mohale's Hoek

Total HIV Prevalence (%) Lesotho Border South Africa District Boundary < 18.2 Quthing 18.2 --- 21.5 21.5 --- 23.9 23.9 --- 29.5 > 29.5

Source: Lesotho Demographic and Health Survey, 2004

District Council Leribe 58 There are dedicated services and support programmes by both the Government and private sector. The main institutions/organisations and Community-Based Organisations (CBOs) involved in combating the HIV/AIDS pandemic are: the National AIDS Council LeBoHa (USA), OHAfrica (Canada), Phelisanang Bophelong (Lesotho), EGPAF (USA), the Clinton Foundation (USA), URC (in terms of tuberculosis/HIV integration), and the Red Cross.

In recent years, the number of NGOs focusing on HIV/AIDShas increased to the extent that the district has formed a consortium of local and international organisations and government Ministries coordinated through Motebang Hospital. These provide services and support ranging from funding, testing, counselling, care, food and education to those who are infected and affected by the pandemic. This coordinated effort has promoted information and resource sharing and skills development among the NGOs and their clients, while avoiding duplication of efforts.

There are approximately 300 support groups in Leribe. There is generally a high level of readiness to go for Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT), and high interest to get the results of the test. Such interest is low in Maisa Phoka and medium in Hleoheng.

Table 5.2.4: HIV/AIDS indicators1 • HIV prevalence for population aged 5-49 years = 33% • Condom use at last high-risk sex = 41.84 • Number of condoms distributed per year/Oct-Dec 2008 = 1738289/151802 (Male: 149,135; Female 3,667) • Proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS 29.3 • Number of ART sites in 2008 =13 • Specific projects are under implementation or planned to fight the HIV/AIDS pandemic • Number of professional HIV testing and counselling service providers in health facilities = 118 Health and HIV/AIDS

1 Report for HIV AIDS Quarterly Partnership Forum, National AIDS Commission, Oct to Dec 2008.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 59 The following are examples of current HIV/AIDS related programmes in the district:

Table 5.2.5: Some existing HIV/AIDS related programmes and activities a) Tuberculosis/HIV integration (in collaboration with Motebang Ward, URC, EGPAF, LeBoHa) b) Decentralisation of HIV services to district health centres c) LeBoHa/Africa joint training and capacity development of health workers d) Defaulter tracking programme for Leribe district e) Structural and human resources development of Leribe district health centres f) Essential package implemented by 18 community councils g) Condom use education h) Registration of OVCs and chronically ill persons i) Capacity building of CBOs in home-based care j) Male focused discussions k) Income generating activities by agriculture l) Food assistance to chronically ill people and their households by WFP m) Cash transfers to child-headed households by Touch Roots Africa n) Grandmothers Support o) PMTCT by Mothers to Mothers p) IGA Programme by Action Aid q) Livelihoods programme by Red Cross r) Youth leadership programmes by Help Lesotho; and healthy lifestyles by KYS s) Support centre for people Living with HIV/AIDS t) World Vision is engaged in agricultural projects u) PSI offers counselling and testing services

Health and HIV/AIDS 5.3 Physical access Leribe district has two hospitals, Motebang Government Hospital and Mamohau Hospi- tal, and 29 health centres with 1,036 hospital beds. The average bed occupancy for the year 2007 was 20% and neither the hospitals nor the health centres achieved accredita- tion status during the recent assessment. The total budget for the district in 2007/08 was M 31,757,200 million, or M 106.44 per capita. Of the district budget, 75% was allocated to hospital services but there were no data on allocation for public health. As regards human resources, 10 out of 29 health facilities required additional staff at the time of the interview (34%). 5.4 Services access in 2007 About 75% of the core posts are filled but only 21% of the planned meetings were held and no data reflect the frequency of supervisory visits The team still does not have dedicated offices and health centres do not have functional advisory boards.

District Council Leribe 60 5.5 Access to selected services 5.5.1 Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS There were 873 cases of tuberculosis reported in 2007, and 36% of new PTB smears among them were found to be positive. The treatment success rate was 73%. Of the 26,047 people tested, 5,822 were HIV positive (22%). People living with HIV and AIDS on ARVs were: 669women, 881 men and 306 children under the age of 14. There were no data for pregnant mothers on ARV prophylaxis or HAART, and 13,342 people were put on ARTs. 5.5.2 Child survival and maternal health Measles coverage in the district was 91%, with vitamin A coverage at 87% and Albendazole at 77%. Health institutions were at no time out of EPI vaccines in Leribe. No case of non polio AFP was reported in 2007. There were 3 maternal deaths. There were about 2,607 deliveries in the health institutions. 5.5.3 Strengthening OVCs There are 2 Social Welfare officers in Leribe. . The Leribe district started OVCs registration in 2000. It registered 400 children out of 350 (88%) who were receiving a defined package during the reporting period. Health and HIV/AIDS

Community Council Workshop in February 2009

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 61 5.6 Motebang Hospital Motebang Hospital has 288 beds and a bed occupancy rate of 20%. In 2007, there were 8 doctors and 40 professional nurses on average.

5.6.1 Access to quality services at Motebang Hospital

5.6.1.1: Child and maternal health There were 3 maternal deaths reported, but no confidential inquiries into those deaths. 195 children under five were admitted for diarrhoea and 41 of them (21%) died. 117 children were admitted for pneumonia and 38 (21%) died.

5.7 Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and other diseases There were 829 PTB cases in 2007 and 36% of them were smear positive. Of 493 pregnant mothers tested, 24% were HIV positive, and 104 of them who were eligible received ARV prophylaxis or HAART.

5.8 Pharmacy and laboratory Motebang Hospital was never out of stock of cotrimoxazole for more than a month. The same applies to ARVs. All sputum received was returned within 28 hours. There were no data on whether facilities reported out of stock for HIV test kits.

The average waiting time for clients at Motebang Hospital was 6 hours 46 minutes. Only 48% of clients managed to get all prescribed medicines. Health and HIV/AIDS 5.9 Mamohau Hospital The hospital has 52 beds and a bed occupancy rate of 45%. In 2007 there were 2 doctors and 13 nurses on average. None of the facilities have advisory boards. Only 62% of planned meetings were held.

District Council Leribe 62 5.10 Access to quality services at Mamohau hospital 5.10.1 Child and maternal health Mamohau Hospital did not experience any maternal mortality. 27 children under five were admitted for diarrhoea and none died. 6 were admitted for pneumonia. There were no deaths from pneumonia.

5.11 Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and other diseases There were 49 PTB cases reported in 2007 and 69% of them were smear positive. Of 266 pregnant mothers tested , 20% were HIV positive. 34% of all HIV positive mothers who were eligible got ARV prophylaxis or HAART.

5.12 Pharmacy and laboratory Mamohau Hospital was never out of stock of cotrimoxazole and ARVs for more than a month. All sputum specimens were returned within 48 hours. The average waiting time for clients at Mamohau Hospital was 1 hour 53 minutes. All clients at Mamohau Hospital managed to get all prescribed.

Table 5.2.5: Deliverables in health Institutions

90 85

68 68 62 National Berea Leribe 47 48 44 Maseru 45 39 38 Mafeteng 31 32 Mohale´s Hoek 22 Mokhotlong 23 Quacha´s Nek Quthing Health and HIV/AIDS Thaba-Tseka 0 Butha Buthe National Berea Leribe Maseru Mafeteng Quthing Mohale´s HoekMokhotlong Quacha´s Nek Thaba-TsekaButha Buthe

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 63 Table 5.2.6: Current number of HIV Testing and Counselling (HTC) service providers by district

Number of professional Number of community lay councellors providing HTC counsellors trained providers in the health facilities Lesotho Total 116 3,590 Botha-Bothe 8 192 Leribe 11 490 Mokhotlong 5 162 Source: Report for HIV and AIDS Quarterly Partnership Forum, National AIDS Commission, Oct to Dec 2008

Table 5.2.7: Number of Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) who received care and support by district District Male Female Lesotho Total Botha-Bothe 1 454 1,454 1,680 1 680 Leribe 2 199 2,199 3,081 3 081 Mokhotlong 497 497 561 561 Total 4,150 5,322 Source: Report for HIV and AIDS Quarterly Partnership Forum, National AIDS Commission, Oct to Dec 2008 Health and HIV/AIDS

District Council Leribe 64 CHAPTER Education

Didactic activity in a school in Leribe

Much of the progress made in the education sector during the 1970s and 1980s was lost when enrolment rates started to decline in the 1990s. Primary enrolment fell from 71% of children aged 6 to 12 in 1996 to 61% in 1999.

In the year 2000, the GoL introduced free primary education to reverse the trend, which is being implemented every year. By 2002 this had raised enrolment to 85% of children

between 6 and 12. Enrolment increased dramatically and the gap between boys and girls Education narrowed. However, at the same time there was an increase in the pupil-teacher ratio and a decline in the percentage of qualified teachers.

Leribe's educational system shows high repetition and dropout rates, with at least one half of primary enrolment traditionally dropping out before completing the primary cycle and about two thirds of secondary enrolment dropping out before graduating.

Leribe has 196 primary schools, 33 secondary and 39 high schools. There are also 4 vocational training schools: the Technical School of Leribe (TSL), St Mary’s Home Economics School, the Institute of Extra Mural Studies (IEMS) (NUL) at Mahobong and a technical school at St. Monica’s Mission. Maseru has the highest percentage (ca. 23%) of the 228 secondary schools in the country, followed by Leribe with 22 %.

Like other places in the country, Leribe has a number of initiation schools. The entire district has 2,777 initiation schools, attended mostly by male and a few female initiates. Linare and Hloeheng Community Councils did not have any initiates, while the rest of the councils have more than 100 initiates.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 65 Table 6.1: Number of schools Number Number Number Number of Community of of of vocational Number Council primary secondary of high training Type of schools schools schools schools initiates Limamarela C01 9 1 1 0 None 235 Mphorosane C02 10 0 0 0 None 267 Seshote C03 13 1 1 0 None 120 Matlameng C04 8 1 0 0 None 231 Knitting Pitseng C05 10 4 3 1 130 and sewing Motati C06 7 2 1 None 119 Fenyane C07 8 2 0 0 None 123 Serupane C08 6 1 1 2 None 115 Malaoaneng C09 4 1 0 0 None 107 Menkhoaneng C010 20 2 2 0 None 296 Maisa phoka C011 7 0 2 0 None 260 Sephokong C012 17 6 3 0 None 234 Agric Linare C013 14 0 6 0 College, 0 Technical Litjotjela C014 10 3 1 0 None 110 Knitting Khomokhoana C015 11 4 4 1 46 Education and sewing Hleoheng C016 8 0 7 0 None 0 Manka C017 18 3 4 0 None 169 Tsoili-Tsoili C018 17 2 3 0 None 277 Total 197 33 39 4 3 2,839 Source: Ministry of Education, Counsellors, Chiefs, Local Schools

There are 1,681 primary school teachers, of which 767 are male and 914 are female; and there are 768 secondary and high school teachers, 366 male and 402 female. The average teacher/pupil ratio is 1:5 in primary schools, while it is 1:40 for both lower and high school and universities in the district. There are a number of planned initiatives in the district, such as 6 primary schools planned for Serupane Community Council, and three in Leribe.

District Council Leribe 66 CHAPTER Water and sanitation

Access to safe water is measured by the proportion of the population with access to an adequate amount of safe drinking water located within a convenient distance from the user’s dwelling. Around 62,890 people have access to safe drinking water in Leribe.

Table 7.1: Percentage of population with access to safe drinking water 2002/3

Access 1 Population Access 2 Access 3 District (dwelling/ with access 1+borehole 1+2+spring public pipe) Botha-Bothe 24,081 76 85 89 Leribe 62,890 71 84 86 Mokhotlong 28,326 81 85 95 Total 384,125 746 872 864

Access 1: Access to piped water in one’s dwelling or from a public pipe. Water and sanitation Access 2: Access to piped water and water from a borehole (Access 1 + borehole) Access 3: Access to piped water, borehole and water from covered spring (Access 2 + covered spring) Source: Lesotho Household Budget Survey, 2002/03

The profiling exercise confirmed that there are still many people who walk a long distance from their dwelling to fetch safe drinking water. The Serupane population travel the longest (2 hours) to access safe drinking water. All households in both Menkhoaneng and Limamarela Community Councils have access to piped water. Piped water access is high only in few community councils: one hundred percent, 97% and 94% of households in Masia Phoka, Hleoheng and Litjotjela Community Councils have access to piped water respectively. Menkhoaneng and Motati Community Councils have the smallest percentage of households with piped water (0.24% and 0.35% respectively), as indicated in Table 12. Pitseng communities travel the shortest distance of 10-50 m to the nearest potable water point.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 67 Table 7.2: Accessibility of safe drinking water in Community Councils

Number of house- % of Number Average holds house- of time Water supply Man- Community with Total holds springs/ distance project under Natural made Council access households with water to nearest implemen- dams dams to piped piped points potable tation water water water point

Limamarela C01 1,361 1,695 80% 54 2km - 13m Tanks installation 0 0

Reservoir, Mphorosane C02 196 1,869 10% 45 1.5km - 10m pump station 1 0 Tank Seshote C03 297 2,161 14% 47 20min average installation 0 1 Boreholes, Matlameng C04 198 2,207 9% 81 25min - 5min stand-pipes 0 4

Pitseng C05 4,348 3,790 50% 70 50m - 10m Water installation 0 2

Motati C06 34 9,700 0.35% 54 3km - 100m Water installation 13 56

Fenyane C07 121 2,394 5% 153 1.3hrs - 10m Water installation 0 2

Serupane C08 3,306 8,112 41% 7 2hrs - 1hr Water installation 7 0

Malaoaneng C09 75 2,423 3% 34 1.3hrs - 5min Piped water system 6 3

Boreholes, Menkhoaneng C010 8 3,326 0.24% 18 5km - 50m stand-pipes 3 4 Boreholes, Maisa phoka C011 2,119 2,119 100% 15 2km - 1km stand-pipes 3 4 Stand pipes Water Water and sanitation Sephokong C012 3,361 5,504 61% 66 2km - 500km maintenance 5 23 Borehole Linare C013 1,520 3,800 40% 24 1km - 15m construction 0 5 Borehole Litjotjela C014 3,182 3,376 94% 27 30min - 2min maintenance 0 19 Reservoir, Khomokhoana C015 3,021 11,014 27% 13 1km - 10m pump station 6 4 Reservoir, pump Hleoheng C016 11,263 11,610 97% 215 150m - 50m station 0 0 5 Construction Manka C017 1,152 4,085 28% 47 500m - 5m of water points 3 7 Reservoir, Tsoili-Tsoili C018 3,772 3,772 100 36 30m - 1min pump station 26 53

Total 33,586 77,463

District Council Leribe 68 CHAPTER Energy

Leribe is experiencing a considerable energy shortage. Almost 80% of energy consumption in the rural areas is sourced from indigenous biomass fuels consisting of shrubs, firewood, crop residues and animal waste. This has resulted in the depletion of reserves of woody plants and animal droppings that might have been used to enrich the soil. Elec- tricity access was limited to about 17% of households in 2007 and most connections are found in the lowlands.

Paraffin is used for cooking, heating and lighting, but access to it in rural areas remains a problem mainly due to inaccessibility and high prices. Other fuels such as liquefied

petroleum gas and coal play a minor role in rural areas. A few rural households use pho- Energy tovoltaic (PV) systems or diesel/petrol generators.

The poorer the household, the more time spent per day collecting fuel. The wealthiest households spend an average of eight minutes a day collecting fuel, compared to more than two hours a day for the poorest. In some mountain areas, school children spend almost one day a week collecting fuel for the school kitchen. The percentage of households that depend on collected fuel in Leribe is around 66%.

A considerable proportion of the urban lowland population of the Leribe District has electricity. There are a number of sub-stations in the district. These are: Maputsoe, which passes on to Pitseng and Ha Lejone sub-stations, then the Katse sub-station.

The majority of rural households still rely on biomass for fuel. They use mainly crop residue and cow dung. Most households also use imported fossil fuels like paraffin for lighting, cooking and heating.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 69 Table 8.1: Type and percentage of fuel for lighting

Wood, shrubs, Generator / District Paraffin Gas Electricity Candles cow dung & Battery crop residue Lesotho Total 58.2 0.7 4.4 0.3 35.5 63.8 Botha-Bothe 47.2 1.0 2.7 0.6 47.2 68.2 Leribe 47.5 0.2 4.6 0.4 46.9 57.4 Mokhotlong 55.9 1.6 3.2 0.6 38.1 78.6 Source: Demographic, Labour and Social Survey, 2002

Table 8.2 gives an overview of electricity connections in the district. The majority of Community Councils are still not connected to electricity. Those households without electricity connection mainly use firewood, cow dung and paraffin for fuel. Energy

District Council Leribe 70 Table 8.2: Energy sources and households Households Villages Number of with without Institutions Main sources households Community Council electricity electricity in charge of of energy on solar connection % % electricity energy Limamarela C01 2.0 90 L.E.C Cow dung, firewood 0 Firewood, Mphorosane C02 0.0 100 L.E.C 2 cow, dung Seshote C03 1.0 99 L.E.C Firewood 0 Matlameng C04 0.0 100 L.E.C Firewood 3 Pitseng C05 3.0 69 L.E.C Firewood 0 Motati C06 0.0 100 L.E.C Firewood 1 Fenyane C07 0.0 100 L.E.C Solar 116 Serupane C08 2.0 89 L.E.C Firewood 18 Malaoaneng C09 0.0 100 L.E.C Firewood, paraffin 170 Menkhoaneng C010 2.0 98 L.E.C Firewood 0 Maisa phoka C011 2.0 95 L.E.C Firewood 29 Sephokong C012 6.4 69 L.E.C Firewood, paraffin 144 Linare C013 20.0 30 L.E.C Gas, firewood 5

Firewood, paraffin, Energy Litjotjela C014 5.0 94.6 L.E.C 56 gas Khomokhoana C015 4.0 93 L.E.C Electricity 0 Wood, gas, coal, Hleoheng C016 84.0 12 L.E.C 0 paraffin, electricity Manka C017 8.0 79.7 L.E.C Firewood 1,389 Tsoili-Tsoili C018 12.0 84 L.E.C Firewood 50 Total 1,983 Source: counsellors, chiefs

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 71 District Council Leribe 72 CHAPTER Communications

The Ministry of Communications is responsible for policy formulation, the Lesotho Telecom- munications Authority (LTA) is responsible for regulating operations in the sector, and service providers are responsible for service delivery.

Over the last few years, privatisation has made a significant contribution to improving access, but communication development is largely concentrated in Maseru and the lowland parts of the northern and southern regions of Lesotho. In the last five years, the number of fixed telephone lines (21,000) has been exceeded by mobile phones (27,000). In mid-2005 mobile telephone subscribers totalled 35,000 with an average of 1.35 mobile phones per 100 people. In Lesotho there are 21,416 fixed telephone network connections, translating to one telephone line for a population of 100 people. Maseru accounts for 71% of the main telephone lines, leaving the other nine districts to share the remain- Communications ing 29%.

The lowlands of the district of Leribe, including Hlotse, Maputsoe, Kolonyama, Peka and their surrounding areas, are well served by landline telephones. The introduction of mobile telephones has increased telephone penetration in the country. There are two mobile communication providers in the country.

Table 9.1 illustrates different means of communication available in the villages of Leribe these include: landline telephones, cell phones, local radio stations and postal mail services. Linare has the highest number of villages with telephone lines and cell-phone and local radio reception.

The district, like the rest of the country, has access to a number of radio stations operating in the country. A state-run TV station, Lesotho TV, is aired on satellite and is now accessible throughout the country to those households with satellite dishes.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 73 Table 9.1: Communication of facilities

Number of Number Number of Number of villages with of villages villages villages with District available tele- with cell-phone with local radio mail postal phone landline reception reception services Limamarela C01 10 1 0 0 Mphorosane C02 0 60 60 0 Seshote C03 0 2 39 39 Matlameng C04 0 19 55 0 Pitseng C05 9 49 49 49 Motati C06 1 35 35 0 Fenyane C07 0 35 38 0 Serupane C08 26 40 69 69 Malaoaneng C09 2 42 42 42 Menkhoaneng C010 0 52 102 102 Maisa phoka C011 1 62 62 0 Sephokong C012 12 116 146 87 Linare C013 66 62 65 18 Litjotjela C014 2 55 55 55 Khomokhoana C015 12 12 12 12 Hleoheng C016 22 46 46 0 Manka C017 13 64 62 8 Tsoili-Tsoili C018 28 49 49 49

Communications Total 204 801 986 530

There are a number of internet cafés in Hlotse and Maputsoe. Both towns are also served with 3G Internet connection introduced in 2008 by Vodacom Lesotho. It is worth noting that these towns are among a few which have access to this technology in the country.

There are a number of post offices in the country, which are lately also being used for savings banking since the establishment of the Lesotho post bank. These post offices are also used as pay-points for the pensioners. Map 9.1 below shows the location of post offices in the district and the road network therebygiving an indication of accessibility of post offices.

District Council Leribe 74 Map 9.1: Postal services

LERIBE DISTRICT

Maisa- POST OFFICES Phoka

Lipelaneng South Africa Sephokong Botha-Bothe Leribe Menkhoaneng Khomokhoana Linare CPA Litjotjela Serupane Malaoaneng Hleoheng

Motati Manka Matlameng

Pitseng CPA Tsoili-Tsoili Fenyane

Mphorosane CPA

Lesotho Border Tetetebeng District Boundary Mokhotlong Community Council Limamarela Boundary CPA Natural Park ns Post Office tai n Seshote Main Road Mou i Small Road ut Katse Dam Dirt Road Mal Thaba - Tseka Communications

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 75 District Council Leribe 76 CHAPTER Roads

The Leribe district has a large percentage of isolated mountain regions with a challenging access to commercial, urban areas as well as the capital - Maseru. Road transport links are vital to any district development strategy. Given Leribe´s location and mountainous terrain, it is critical to have an efficient transport system that ensures cost-effective accessibility to economic opportunities, markets and basic services, as well as reliable links to external markets and ports.

The road network in the district, like in the rest of the country, is still under development. The district is served by two tarred roads, one running northeast from Teyatey- aneng (TY) in the Berea district to Botha-Bothe District, and the other from Hlotse to Roads Katse, running southeast through the centre of the District. There are also two stretches of all-weather roads from Ha Nyenye to Koeneng village, and from Nyenye to Likhetlane village. The remaining roads consist in the main of double – and single – lane gravel roads, tracks and bridleways with short stretches of fair weather roads feeding into the Katse dam Area.

Good road networks facilitate accessibility to other facilities and services, as is the case of the Hlotse to Katse road. Communities in this area were previously inaccessible and far from services. The map below shows the road network in the district.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 77 Map 10.1: Road networks and urban areas

LERIBE DISTRICT

Ha Thaba URBAN AREAS & VILLAGES Maisa- Phoka Lipelaneng Ha Topisi Phatšo Botha-Bothe Makong Thaba-Ntšo

South Africa Sephokong Tale Chafo Menkhoaneng Lithlokoaneng Leribe Khabo Ha Pentši Linare Ha Leabua George Khomokhoana Kanyane Ha Setsomi Matukeng Ha Seetsa Ha Botsola CPA Ha Makele Litjotjela Kotsana Serupane Malaoaneng Ha Mohale Ha Ha Tšabalira Ha Kotola Mahobong Ha Makuka Ha Mali Rantuba Hleoheng Lenyakoane Ha Mositi Ha Nchee Ha Sekhonyana Ha Makhoa Peka Motati Matlameng Ha Manka Ha Ha Lota Matlameng Leboea Sechubata Ha Napo Ha Koasa Lithabaneng Ha Ratomo Sebalabala Ha Rampa Ha Seetsa Pitseng CPA Tsoili-tsoili Fenyane Ha Ha Pontšeng Kolonyama Ha Mosae Molapo Ha Ha Mahloana Ha Botšo Kutung Tiping Ha Rakolo Phakiso Lepaqoa Ha Mafona Mphorosane CPA Lejone Ha Taung Matete Tetetebeng Ha Lesotho Border Ha Poli Ha Palama Ralebese District Boundary Mokhotlong Limamarela Mphorosane Community Council Kobong Boundary Ha Matšoele Ha Mahlomola Urban Aeas Maphutseng s Makoabating Main Town n Ha Mpeli ai Village nt Ha Mpeli Seshote Main Road Mou Ha Kanono i Small Road ut Katse Ha Theko Dirt Road Mal Thaba - Tseka Dam

Roads Within and across Community Councils in the District there are access roads made up of 355.3 km gravel roads and 329 km earth roads. However, there are still some villages without road access, where community members walk for more than 23 km to access health services, schools, shops etc. There are also secondary roads which are in good condition, but need upgrading. The table below shows the total length of paved, unpaved, gravel and earth roads in the district.

Table 10.1 below shows the road conditions and accessibility in each Community Council as well as the road projects under implementation and those planned for the future.

District Council Leribe 78 Table 10.1: Road of networks and initiatives in Leribe Number of vil- Road projects Average Names and km Road Community lages under km to of existing roads projects Council without implemen- good maintained by DRR planned road tation roads access

Lejone-Pelaneng 4 km, Matsoele Lepaqoa road Limamarela C01 2 Mporosane-Tsepo 40 km, 10 road construction Taunyane-Kutung 9 km construction

Taunyane Kutung 9 km, Earth roads Taunyane-Mphorosane Gravel road Mphorosane C02 2 30 maintenance 14.8 km, construction Mporosane-Theko 24.2 km

Ntsirele Makopela-Palama 12 km, Seshote C03 Ramanemane 4 Seshote-Leaoa 18 km 50 & Palama Gravel road Matlameng C04 Lekhoathakhoatha 1.8 km 0 1 construction

Construction Pitseng-Maduna 10 km, Gravel road Pitseng C05 22 0 of access road Tauoa-Nchee 6 km construction

Road Thaba Phatsoa Roads Motati C06 construction Setene-Mositi 9 km 1 Makhoa, Thaba 0 in 2 villages Phatsoa Tente

Lipetu-Fako Ramapepe-Likileng 6.7 km, Earth road Fenyane C07 1 3 road Maduna-Lepetu 22 km construction

Upgrading Setene-Moqathinyane Gravel road Serupane C08 2 Menkhoaneng- 2 10 km construction Tsoinyane road Road Malaoaneng C09 0 0 Malefane-Chachele 6.8 km 18.8 construction

Kramel-Mahlehle 2.5 km, Tarred road Menkhoaneng-Kramel Gravel road Menkhoaneng C010 0 0 construction 9 km, construction Khabo-Pentsi 14 km

Construction Rampai-‘Monase 19.2 km, Road Maisa phoka C011 0 7 of gravel roads Pits’sNek-Ntsekalle 8 km construction

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 79 Number of vil- Road projects Average Names and km Road Community lages under km to of existing roads projects Council without implemen- good maintained by DRR planned road tation roads access Koenaneng-Pitsi’sNek 7km, Construction Gravel road Sephokong C012 0 Phahameng-Phelantaba 13 of gravel roads construction 9km

Construction Road Linare C013 0 Sekota-Khobotlana 4.7km of gravel roads 15 construction Construction Road Leshoe-Mojapela 31km Litjotjela C014 0 of gravel roads 4 construction Gravel road Construction construction Khomokhoana C015 0 Nyenye-St.Monica 16km 13 of gravel roads at lower Popopo

Likhetlane-Matukeng 5km, Earth road Gravel road Hleoheng C016 0 Hleoheng-Qamo 5km, 5 upgrading construction Nyenye-StMonica’s 3km

Kotola-Ramaboella 11km, Construction Gravel road Manka C017 0 Tebatso-Mpeke 7.4km, 18 of access road construction Tjopa-Tabola 13.3km Roads

Rakolo-Peka 22km, Construction Gravel road Tsoili-Tsoili C018 0 Kolonyama-Mafata 23km, 3 of access road construction Kolonyama-Molelle 9km

Total 12.99

District Council Leribe 80 CHAPTER Non-State Actors (NSAs)

Many Non-State Actors (NSAs) in Lesotho are actively involved in providing a means for expressing and actively addressing the varied and complex needs of different social groups.

There are over 30 Non-State Actors operating in the district of Leribe, mostly in the two prominent towns of Hlotse and Maputsoe, the administrative and commercial hubs of the District respectively. These include faith-based, community-based and Non- Governmental Organisations.

The private sector includes 2 commercial banks, insurance companies and credit unions which, in some communities, provide mostly lowland residents with relatively better access to financial services for personal and commercial purposes. There are 1,432 businesses, including 82 small enterprises mainly in town centres, including construction, retail, beverages, and milling, and small cafés in the rural areas. Others comprise 4 educational institutions, and 12 private security companies. There are 3 main public utility providers in Leribe: the Lesotho Electricity Company (PTY) LTD (LEC), the Water and Non-StateActors (NSAs) Sanitation Authority (WASA), and Telecom. LEC is responsible for the distribution, installation and maintenance of electricity. Other parastatal institutions include the Lesotho Revenue Authority (LRA), the Lesotho Post Bank, Basotho Development Enterprise Co., and the Lesotho Highlands Development Authority (LHDA).

The development partners in Leribe are: the Food and Agricultural Organisation, the World Food Programme, World Vision International, Irish Aid, UNICEF, DFID, the Ger- man Red Cross, the European Commission, and Anglo American Mines. These institutions contribute funding and technical assistance in food security, child protection and advocacy, education, health, nutrition, water and sanitation, as well as support to those infected and affected by HIV/AIDS, general development projects, environmental conservation and homestead gardens, seedling production and gully restoration, operating mostly in rural areas.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 81 NGOs constitute the largest component of NSAs. There are over 30 such organisations operating mostly in the villages with the respective communities. The organisations are diverse in nature and area of expertise, and are representative of different areas of the community. There are associations fighting against crime, against HIV/AIDS, associations of the physically disabled, associations for education, arts and culture, parenting, humanitarian and associations focusing on poverty reduction. Though they specifically continue to focus on their different thematic programme areas, they are also diversifying their activities in response to the nation’s as well as the district’s priority concerns of poverty reduction, HIV/AIDS and food security, which are invariably integrated in their programme activities.

Community Council Workshop in February 2009

The Lesotho fund for community development has several programmes in the district, whose main aim is to alleviate poverty, create jobs and protect the environment. It has a watershed conservation project and works with rural communities. Another NGO actively involved in the district, CARE Lesotho, operates mainly in the highlands area. It has a highland community forestry project in partnership with LHDA. World Vision Inter- Non-StateActors (NSAs) national also has community-based projects in the areas of Kota, Ha Khabo and Tsehlan- yane. They work mainly with vulnerable children, but also on environmental conservation and homestead gardens [LDES (2002)]. Red Cross Lesotho, TEBA development and MS Danish Aid are involved in woodlots, poultry, small scale irrigation and seedling production and gully restoration. Most of these organisations operate in rural areas.

The Community-Based Organisations (CBOs) also represent several local interests and concerted efforts at community level. These are collective initiatives to serve the interests of families or stakeholders in communities. There are: 391 cooperatives (198 multipurpose, 100 agricultural co-operatives, 13 savings and credit associations, 6 handicrafts, 2 wood and steel initiatives, 11 secondary and 61 other initiatives), 300 support groups, and 13 wool and mohair growing associations.

District Council Leribe 82 CHAPTER Security

Leribe´s security forces comprise the Lesotho Defence Force (LDF) which is account- able to the prime minister through the Ministry of Defence. There is also the Lesotho Mounted Police Service (LMPS) which reports to the Minister for Home Affairs. The National Security Service (NSS) also features on the security list and is also directly ac- countable to the Prime Minister and private security companies.

The Lesotho Defence Force, responsible for national security and the protection of the Security royal family has an army, an air force and a newly formed paramilitary wing. The paramilitary LMPS is responsible for internal policing.

Apart from police services and the military, Mokhotlong, like the rest of the country in general and Leribe in particular, has a limited number of private security firms. These were initially used only to protect businesses, but are now being used also by a growing number of households. The increase in the number of private security firms is believed to be directly related to negative perceptions of crime. There are 6 police stations (Hlotse, Maputsoe, Lejone, Pitseng, Kolonyama and Peka) and 14 private security companies operating in the district, as well as 202 crime prevention committees. There are 375 police officers and the police/population ratio is 1:797.

Leribe has the second highest crime rate in the country and serious cases include: murder, attempted murder, rape, robbery, housebreaking, stock theft, armed robbery and car theft. Table 12.1.1 gives the crime numbers and percentages in the country.

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 83 Table 12.1: Number and percentage distribution of all serious cases of crime by district 2005

District Number Percentage Botha-Bothe 905 5.7 Leribe 2,461 15.5 Mokhotlong 990 6.2 Thaba-Tseka 971 6.1 Total 15,847 100.0

Source: Bureau of Statistics of Lesotho: Crime Statistics Report 2005

The Table 12.2 below lists reported cases of stock theft in the country. Leribe has the third highest number of such cases, accounting for 15.6% of the total, which corresponds to the aforementioned high livestock ownership. The most common crime in the district is stock theft with 11,211 animals stolen. The table also presents the distance travelled to the nearest police station. Communities with the longest distance to a police station are Seshote and Menkhaneng Community Councils (20-70 km from the nearest police station).

Table 12.2: Crime statistics and security services Number of security Number of crime Distance Number Community service providers prevention Common types (km) to of stolen nearest Council Government committees of crime Private stock police (police) in council area station

Security Stock theft, assault, Limamarela C01 1 1 1 3,208 28 sexual offences Stock common theft, Mphorosane C02 2 1 1 2,405 30 sexual offences Stock theft, assault, Seshote C03 2 1 1 3,897 70 sexual offences Stock theft, assault, Matlameng C04 1 0 1 308 27 sexual offences Stock theft, assault, Pitseng C05 1 9 9 154 15 housebreaking Motati C06 1 0 24 Stock theft 110 5 Stock theft, Fenyane C07 0 1 4 73 62 sexual offences Housebreaking, rape, Serupane C08 1 0 58 78 20 stock theft Stock theft, Malaoaneng C09 1 0 42 housebreaking, 64 28 sexual offences Menkhoaneng Stock theft, 1 0 1 300 70 CC10 murder, rape

District Council Leribe 84 Number of security Number of crime Distance Number Community service providers prevention Common types (km) to of stolen nearest Council Government committees of crime Private stock police (police) in council area station Stock theft, Maisa phoka C011 1 0 9 29 13 housebreaking, assault Stock theft, Sephokong C012 1 3 17 114 20 housebreaking Common theft, rape, Linare C013 2 0 5 28 18 drug trafficking Housebreaking, rape, Litjotjela C014 1 0 82 27 stock theft Sexual offences, Khomokhoana 1 (9) 6 7 housebreaking, 50 5 C015 stock theft Stock theft, rape, Hleoheng C016 0 0 11 housebreaking, 87 12 robbery Stock theft, Manka C017 2 2 42 177 27 housebreaking, assault Housebreaking, Tsoili-Tsoili C018 1 1 49 47 18 stock theft Total 20 25 282 11,211 27.5

Map 12.1: Police stations Security

LERIBE DISTRICT

Maisa- POLICE STATIONS Phoka

Lipelaneng South Africa Sephokong Botha-Bothe Leribe Menkhoaneng Khomokhoana Linare CPA Litjotjela Serupane Malaoaneng Hleoheng

Motati Manka Matlameng

Pitseng CPA Tsoili-Tsoili Fenyane

Mphorosane CPA

Lesotho Border Tetetebeng District Boundary Mokhotlong Community Council Limamarela Boundary CPA Natural Park ns Police Station tai n Seshote Main Road Mou i Small Road ut Katse Dam Dirt Road Mal Thaba - Tseka

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 85 District Council Leribe 86 CHAPTER Trade and commerce

After independence, the Government of Lesotho established LNDC to work with foreign investors and large enterprises and BEDCO to encourage local small enterprises. Both corporations promote industry and commerce, as well as employment in the country. They have both established activities in the Leribe district and play an important role in trade.

Leribe is involved in both domestic and international trade transactions. Domestic trade basically involves distribution of locally produced and imported goods in wholesale and retail shops. There is a fair distribution of retail shops, most of which are concentrated in the lowlands. Hlotse and Maputsoe have major chain stores like Shoprite, Lewis, Ellerines, Pep Stores, OK Furniture and others. These two urban centres also have higher purchasing power and infrastructural facilities. Other settlements like Pitseng and Ha Khabo are also economically active. The Khomokhoana Community Council has the highest number of businesses and small enterprises. Trade and commerceTrade

Table 13.1:Types and number of businesses

Number of Financial Community businesses Access to Type of business institutions Council & small market available in CC enterprises

Transport, retailers, guest Limamarela C01 29 Yes None house, agric market

Wool & mohair, Mphorosane C02 14 None retailers Yes

Wool & mohair, millers, Seshote C03 21 None garage, bars, shops Yes

Grocers, liquor shops gas Matlameng C04 32 Yes None retailer

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 87 Supermarkets, general dealers, butcheries, Post Bank Credit Pitseng C05 65 Yes banks, insurance companies, Union mortuary, hotels General dealers, Motati C06 95 Yes None grinding mills

Fenyane C07 12 Millers, general cafés Yes None

Serupane C08 26 General cafés, restaurants Yes None

General cafés, grind mill, Malaoaneng C09 33 Yes None taxis, liquor taverns Supermarkets, general dealers, butcheries, banks, Menkhoaneng C010 55 No None insurance companies, mortuary, hotels Poultry, mortuary, taxis, Maisa phoka C011 38 No None general cafés, bars Taverns, cafés, taxis, car repairs, grinding mill, Sephokong C012 57 butchery, hair salon, public Yes 2 Credit Unions phones, cinema shop, supermarket Supermarkets, general Nedbank, FNB, dealers, butcheries, banks, Linare C013 23 Yes Standard insurance companies, Lesotho Bank mortuary, hotels Cafés, public bars, Litjotjela C014 58 Yes None commercial agriculture Nedbank, FNB,

Trade and commerceTrade Standard Lesotho Supermarkets, general Letsete Investment, dealers, butcheries, banks, Khomokhoana C015 385 Yes Sechaba Finance, insurance companies, JP Finance, Personal mortuary, hotels Post Bank Lesotho National Insurance Cafés bars, commercial Hleoheng C016 192 None agriculture, informal sector Yes Millers, butchery, Manka C017 89 supermarkets, cafés, Trade Union Yes poultry farm, Mortuary, filling station, mini-markets, open market, restaurants, egg Tsoili-Tsoili C018 70 None circle, taxis, hair-salon, No seamstresses, driving schools Total 1,294 Source: Community Councils Dept. of Trade

District Council Leribe 88 In terms of international trade, most of the locally produced goods from the factories in Maputsoe are exported to countries like South Africa, the United States of America, and the UK. Manufacturing, textiles, clothing and footwear are the major contributors to the national GDP. The manufacturing sector has grown in the Leribe district in the last decade. This growth has in turn facilitated growth in other sectors such as financial services, transport, communications and trade, especially in Maputsoe.

Apart from large, medium and small industries in the district, there are around 100 registered and active cooperatives, consisting basically of multi-purpose undertakings, farmers, marketing credit unions, handicrafts, dairy, thrift and credit, artisan and poultry cooperatives. Trade and commerceTrade

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 89 District Council Leribe 90 CHAPTER Tourism

Tourism in Leribe is increasing annually. The district has great tourism potential with beautiful natural landscapes in the mountains, and archaeological and historical sites. There are fossil footprints at the Tsikoane Plateau, Menoaneng Cave and at Subeng. Pitseng Cave is another archaeological site of importance.

Map 14.1: Tourism Tourism

LERIBE DISTRICT

TOURISM Maisa- Phoka Lipelaneng Botha-Bothe South Africa Sephokong

Mothae Leribe 3346 Linare Menkhoaneng Khomokhoana Maloti Range CPA Ts'helanyane Litjotjela Serupane Malaoaneng National Park Hleoheng

1871 Motati Manka Matlameng Outward 3198 Bound Letele's Centre Pitseng Pass CPA Tsoili-tsoili Fenyane Malika Lisiu Pass 2950 Info Centre Koeneng Bokong 2235 Nature Reserve Mphorosane CPA Tetetebeng Water Lesotho Border Tunnel Intake Mokhotlong District Boundary 3125 Limamarela Community Council Boundary Liseleng Urban Area ns 3063 ai Rest Room nt Seshote Waterfall Mou Lesotho Highlands i Water Project Wetland ut Katse Dam Highest Peak Mal Thaba - Tseka Information Centre Botanical Garden

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 91 The oldest building in the town is the Anglican Church (1877). Leribe hosts the Leribe Craft Centre, originally established by Anglican women missionaries who taught the Basotho women the craft of weaving. Here visitors can see and buy a variety of handicrafts (e.g. ponchos and Basotho blankets).

From Leribe/Hlotse there is an attractive excursion through beautiful scenery to the Katse Dam, where there is a hotel.

Hlotse was founded in 1876 when the resident magistrate and an Anglican mission- ary were given permission to build by the local chief. The small fort at the mission was constantly under Basotho attack during the Gun War of 1880. Major Bell’s Tower, a part of the original fort, remains a landmark on the main street to this day. In recent years, Hlotse has gained importance as the starting point for the Katse Dam road, which was renamed after Nelson Mandela when he visited the town in 1995. Motebang Hospital in Hlotse, named after a pioneer Mosotho doctor, houses a trauma unit for the Highlands Water Project and contains a helipad for helicopter evacuations from project construction sites.

Leribe district, the birth place of Moshoeshoe I (the founder of the Basotho nation), has an important role to play in the country’s history. The district consequently boasts several historical sites and ruins which form part of the nation’s historical and cultural heritage. These include Menkhoaneng (Moshoeshoe I’s birth place), seliba sa Mokhachane (Moshoeshoe I’s father’s well) and lehaha la Kholu (Moshoeshoe Cave). Old buildings and

Tourism monuments of historical importance in the district include those at St Monica’s Mission, St Saviour’s Church dating back to 1877 and Major Bell’s Tower at Hlotse.

Leribe was an important habitat for the mighty dinosaurs in primeval times. The Subeng Stream Dinosaur Trackway in Leribe is a fine example of such a habitat in this part of the world. The area consists of various paths and trackways which were used by the dinosaurs. The tracks still have fossilised dinosaur footprints. The region is mostly made up of layers of sandstone and the footprints are very prominent on them. The Subeng Stream Dinosaur Trackway is one of the popular tourist attractions in Leribe, one of the important districts in Lesotho. The capital of Leribe is the city of Hlotse. Leribe is well known for its ancient species and scenic surroundings. Tourists and nature lovers from all over the world come to see the Subeng Stream Dinosaur Trackway in Leribe to discover the relics of the prehistoric times.

The Leribe Craft Centre sells handmade wool items ranging from scarves to jackets. The craft centre is located on the roadside on entering Hlotse. The statue in front of the District Administration building dates back to English rule of Lesotho. It is located in the central part of the city. The old military lookout also dates back to English rule and is located in the central part of the city. .

District Council Leribe 92 Major Bell’s Tower in Hlotse is an important monument dating from the 1870s. It was besieged by Basotho warriors during the Gun War of 1880- 1881. Tsikoane and Subeng, both of which are close to Hlotse, are important dinosaur trackways. The Thaba Phatsoa Outward Bound Centre is situated in the foothills of the Maloti range near the Lionel Collet Dam.

Table 14.1:Tourist accommodations in the district

Number Number Occupancy Hotel Lodge Other Total of rooms of beds ratio available Botha-Bothe 1 3 3 7 147 237 11.13 Leribe 2 1 7 10 190 379 20.75 Mokhotlong 2 2 6 10 193 420 23.88

Source: Department of Crops, 2008 There are fewer hotels (2) than lodges and other types of establishments in the district. Nevertheless, as hotels are usually bigger in terms of capacity, they have more rooms, beds and bed space available.

An occupancy analysis reveals that Leribe has a relatively high rate, followed by Mokhot- long and Botha-Bothe with 23.9 % and 20.8 % respectively. The higher occupancy rate is an indication that the accommodation establishments in the district have visitors who actually stayed overnight, unlike the low rates in the neighbouring district Botha-Bothe. The conclu- sion is that the occupancy rate is low as is the demand for accommodation. Tourism

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 93 District Council Leribe 94 Landscape ANNEX Annex 1

District Council Profiling Matrix Name of District: Leribe

Demography Data Source

Population density 128/km2 1996 Population census Annex 1 Bos., 2006 Census of Population Total population (year 2008) 298,352 and housing - preliminary report results, 2007, p. 8/13 Communities1 with high Khomokhoana, Linare, Bos., 2006 Census of Population population density Serupane, Hleoheng, Litjotjela and Housing - Preliminary Report Communities with low Limamarela, Mphorosane, Bos., 2006 Census of Population population density Seshote, Maisaphoka and Housing - Preliminary Report Physiographic and Data Source natural conditions 3,200 m (mountains to the District Strategic Plan Highest point East of the district) 2002-07, 2002 District Strategic Plan Lowest point 1,500 m Mohokare valley 2002-07, 2002 Leribe District Economic 282,810 ha - 2,828 km2 Total area in ha/km² Strategy Report 2002-2007, (9.32% of country surface2) Community Councils, chiefs

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 95 Physiographic and Data Source natural conditions

42% is lowlands (below 1,800m) Leribe District Economic 28% foothills (1,800m - 2,300m) Strategy Report Topography & agro-ecological zones 30% mountain, (+2,300 m Maluti 2002-2007, Community and Drakensberg Ranges) Councils, chiefs District Strategic Plan Arable land in ha 48,800 2002-07, 2002 District Strategic Plan Non arable land in ha 234,010 2002-07, 2002 Water mass in km² (e.g. lakes) n/a n/a Department of Forestry Forest (in ha) 15 and Reclamation, Leribe

Size of urban area coverage in km² n/a n/a

Number and names of towns above Bos., 1996 National Maputsoe: 27,951 - Hlotse: 23,122 5,000 inhabitants Census Report Leribe District Economic 2°C, has cold winters, with chances Strategy Report Lowest average temperature of snow in the mountain areas in 2002-2007; Community April - October Councils, chiefs Highest average temperature 32°C, experiences hot summers Ministry of Agriculture 784.8 mm/year, Highland zone Rainfall average receives a greater proportion Meteorology Institute

Annex 1 of the total rainfall Popa-Matsana association in the Eastern highlands Leribe District Economic Ralebese-Matsaba-Machache Strategy Report Soils association in the foothills 2002-2007; Community Leribe-Berea-Sephula association Councils, chiefs in the western lowlands Mohokare (Caledon), Phuthiatsana, Menyameng, Makabelane, Moko- Leribe District Economic takoti, Likhetlane, Khomo-khooana, Strategy Report Major rivers Hlotse, Mofoqoi, Maqu, Tsoinyane, 2002-2007; Community Liphofung, Sehauli Tsehlanyane, & Councils, chiefs Koeneng District Strategic Plan Renewable ground water resource 37.02 million cubic metres annually 2002-07, 2002 Diamonds (Nqechane and Leribe District Economic Kuenaneng), uranium (Kolonyama), Strategy Report Mineral deposits dolerites (Hleoheng), sand and 2002-2007; Community sandstone (various parts of the Councils, chiefs district) Projected district population in 2011 488,9673 Bos.

Projected district population in 2011 630,0724 Bos.

District Council Leribe 96 Social indicators Data Source

Limamarela C01, Mphorosane C02, Seshote C03, Matlameng C04, Pitseng C05, Motati C06, Fenyane C07, Serupane C08, What are the names of the Malaoaneng C09, Menkhoaneng C10, DCS, Leribe communities5 in the district? Maisa Phoka C11, Sephokong C12, Linare C13, Litjotjela C14, Khomokhoana C15, Hleoheng C16, Manka C17, Tsoili Tsoili C18 Which of the above listed communities are of town/urban Linare, Pitseng, Khomokhoana DCS nature? Total number of villages in Aggregate Community Council 1,073 the district Fact Sheets own data, IEC Total number of households in Aggregate Community Council 84,149 the district Fact Sheets, own data, IEC Aggregate Community Council Average household size 5 Fact Sheets, own data, IEC Number of female-headed Aggregate Community Council 24,711 households Fact Sheets, own data, IEC Total number of child-headed Aggregate Community Council

6,367 Annex 1 households Fact Sheets, UNICEF Percentage of total district Bos., 2006 Census of Population population living in towns above 35% and Housing -Preliminary Report 5.000 inhabitants Aggregate Community Council Fact Sheets, Report for HIV/ Total number of orphans in 36,941 (less pending data) AIDS Quarterly Partnership the district Forum, National AIDS Commission (2008) Aggregate Community Council Fact Sheets, Report for HIV/ a) paternal orphans 14,297 AIDS Quarterly Partnership Forum, National AIDS Commission (2008) Aggregate Community Council Fact Sheets, Report for HIV/ b) maternal orphans 12,203 AIDS Quarterly Partnership Forum, National AIDS Commission (2008) Aggregate Community Council Fact Sheets, Report for HIV/ c) double orphans 11,202 AIDS Quarterly Partnership Forum, National AIDS Commission (2008)

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 97 Socio-economic indicators Data Source

WFP Leribe, aggregate Number of persons receiving 11,80466 - 3,689 Community Council Fact food aid Sheet Number of persons with Aggregate Community 2,882 disabilities Council Fact Sheet Aggregate Community Average household incomes 32,000 Maloti per year Council Fact Sheet Proportion of population living Aggregate Community 37 % below 10 Loti (PPP) per day Council Fact Sheet Proportion of employed people Aggregate Community 75 % living below $1 (PPP) per day Council Fact Sheet Proportion of own-account and Aggregate Community contributing family workers in 95 % Council Fact Sheet total employment Number of households employed Aggregate Community 46,446 in agriculture and livestock Council Fact Sheet Number of people generating incomes n/a n/a from other sources No accurate statistics found but it is estimated that of the 10,365 No of women in wage employees in wage sector employment Department of Labour, employment 50 % and 35 % respectively are the Leribe in the non-agricultural sector manufacturing and retail sector and they are mostly female. Women also dominate the informal sector Annex 1 Employment-to-population ratio n/a n/a

Gender aspects Data Source Bos., 2006 Census of 145,683 (48% M) Male/female population Population & Housing - 152,660 (52% F) Preliminary Report Population sex ratio 0.95 District Council Office Ratio of male/female district 1.5: 61% M - 39% F District Council Office counsellors % of male/female community DCO, Community Council 47% M - 53% F counsellors secretaries Ratio of male/female community n/a n/a counsellors Ratio of male/female teachers 0.20 MOE Bulletin, 2006

Household heads 60% M - 40%F MOE Bulletin, 2006 Household heads livestock 55% M - 35% F MOE Bulletin, 2006 ownership HIV prevalence 30.5% M - 28% F MOE Bulletin, 2006

District Council Leribe 98 Sector Data Source

Number of households with Community Council Fact Sheets, 46,446 agriculturalplots Department of Agriculture, Leribe

Community Council Fact Sheets, Average plot size in acre 3.7 (1.5 ha) Department of Agriculture, Leribe

Number of households having Community Council Fact Sheets, n/a land titles Department of Agriculture, Leribe

Community Council Fact Sheets, Three main crops produced Maize, sorghum, wheat, beans Department of Agriculture, Leribe

Community Council Fact Sheets, Three main livestock herded Cattle, sheep, goats Department of Agriculture, Leribe

Department of Forestry & Land Size of forested area (in ha) 3,005.15 ha Reclamation, Leribe

Size of common land (ha of range Community Council Fact Sheets, 5,160 km2 (approx.) land) within the district Department of Agriculture, Leribe

Which agricultural service Ministry of Agriculture providers are available at district Department of Agriculture, through agricultural staff level (governmental and non Leribe in all divisions governmental)? Agricultural service providers (governmental and non Agricultural extension Department of Agriculture, governmental) and their personnel in all communities Leribe Annex 1 representation in which communities Ongoing: Kota agricultural development project What kind of agricultural (Kota A.D.P) Department of Agriculture, projects are planned or under Planned: matlameng Leribe implementation? development project (Matlameng A.D.P.)

Health sector Data Source

Prevalence of underweight 2004 Demographic and 17.2 children under-five years of age health survey, Bos. Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy n/a n/a consumption HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, Health centres, Three most prevalent diseases diabetes, and PCP or Community Councils Cryptococcal meningitis

Under-five mortality rate 118/1000 live births

Infant mortality rate 93/1000 live births

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 99 Health sector Data Source

Proportion of 1 year-old children 2004 Demographic and 87.2 immunised against measles Health Survey, Bos. 2004 Demographic and Maternal mortality ratio n/a Health Survey, Bos. Proportion of births attended by 2004 Demographic and 51,4% skilled health personnel Health Survey Bos. 2004 Demographic and Contraceptive prevalence rate 42.5 Health Survey, Bos. Antenatal care coverage n/a n/a 2004 Demographic and Adolescent birth rate 17.1 Health Survey, Bos. 2004 Demographic and Unmet need for family planning 31.0 Health Survey Bos. at district hospitals 1/5000 Doctor / patient ratio DMO or 1/3000; 1/2000 2 hospitals: Motebang at Hlotse, and Mamohau in Seshote 26 health centres: St. Rose - Peka, St. Monicas, Pontman (CHAL), Maryland (CHAL), Ha Mositi Our Lady of Lourdes (CHAL), Louis Gerard (CHAl), Annex 1 DMO St. Anne (CHAL), Springfield (CHAL), Health Facilities List: Number and names of health centres Peka, Maputsoe filter clinic, MOH & SW. 2009 p.6-7 Maputsoe SDA Clinic, Mahobong Holy Trinity (CHAL), NAC Seetsa, Matlameng, Linotsing, Mahobong, Limamarela, Khabo, Sepinare, Palama, Thaba- Phatsoa, Little flower (CHAL), St. Denis (CHAL), Tšepong clinic Motebang, new star clinic Maputsoe, St Magaret clinic (CHAL), Fobane clinic Average distance to nearest health Interview with health 1.5 km - 2 hours centre (in km or hours) officers Readiness of undergoing VCT Community Councils, High and steadily improving7 (voluntary counselling and testing) health centres, NAC Level of interest to get the results Community Councils, Considerably high level of interest of the tests health centres Number of persons dependent NAC database, CC Fact 10,978 on home-based care Sheet, Red Cross

District Council Leribe 100 Health sector Data Source

Incidence, prevalence Prevalence: 3250 (171/100,000) Interview with health officers, and death rates associated in 2007 Deaths: 1926 community counsellors with tuberculosis (107/100,000) in 2005 Proportion of tuberculosis cases 52% in 2004, 73% in 2005 Interview with health officers, detected and cured under directly and 72% in 2006 community counsellors observed treatment short course

HIV/AIDS Data Source

HIV prevalence among population Lesotho MDC Status Report 33%8 aged 15-24 years for 5-49 years 2008, p.4

2004 Demographic and health Condom use at last high-risk sex 41.8 survey Bos.

Number of condoms distributed 1,738,289 151,802 NAC quarterly report, 2009 per year Oct-Dec 2008 (149,135 M - 3,667 F)

Proportion of population aged 29.3 high based on 2004 Demographic and health 15-24 years with comprehensive implementation of ESP survey, Bos. NAC, Leribe Office correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS

Ratio of school attendance of 1-1 at primary school level due orphans to school attendance of DEO, NAC to FPE non-orphans aged 10-14 years

Proportion of population 294: Apr-Jun 2008 Annex 1 with advanced HIV infection 5,179: Jul-Sep 2008 NAC quarterly report, 2009 with access to antiretroviral drugs 6,664: Oct-Dec 2008

Number of art sites by 2008 139 NAC quarterly report, 2009

300 CBOs; 28 health centres and 2 orphanages Main institutions: National AIDS Council LeBoHa (USA), OHAfrica (Canada), Main institutions/organisations and Phelisanang Bophelong (Lesotho), Community-based Organisations EGPAF (USA), the Clinton Interviews with heads of (CBOs) involved in combating the Foundation (USA), and URC departments HIV/AIDS pandemic? (in terms ofTB/HIV integration). The Red Cross, SWAALES, PSI, LPPA, Help Lesotho, WFP, LENEPWA, Tšoanelo care centre, Touch Roots, Help Lesotho, Action Aid, LENASO, TEBA,Thakaneng, Rachel’s COMFA, Mothers to Mothers

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 101 HIV/AIDS Data Source

a) TB/HIV integration (in collaboration with Motebang ward, URC, EGPAF, LeBoHa b) Decentralisation of HIV services to district health centres c) LeBoHa/Africa joint training and capacity development of health workers d) Defaulter tracking programme for Leribe district e) Structural and human resources development of Leribe district health centres f) Essential package implemented by 18 Community Councils g) Condom use education h) Registration of OVCs & chronically ill persons NAC, health centres, Specific projects are under i) Capacity building of CBOs in NGOs and DMO, Leribe implementation or planned home-based care to fight the HIV/AIDS pandemic? j) Male focused discussions Individual interviews with various stakeholders k) Income generating activities by agriculture l) Food assistance to chronically ill

Annex 1 and their households by WFP m) Cash transfers to child-headed households by Touch Roots Africa n) Grandmothers support o) PMTCT by Mothers to Mothers p) IGA Programme by Action Aid q) Livelihoods programme by Red Cross r) Youth leadership programmes by help Lesotho and health styles by KYS s) Support centre for people living with HIV/AIDS

Number of Professional HIV NAC quarterly report, Testing & Counselling service 1110 2009 providers in health facilities

Number of Community lay 49011 NAC, health centres counsellors trained

District Council Leribe 102 Education sector Data Source

Net enrolment ratio in primary District Education Office, 0.15 education Leribe Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 n/a n/a who reach last grade of primary school Literacy rate of 15-24 year-olds n/a n/a women and men DEO Leribe, MOE 2006 Number of primary schools 198 Bulletin, DEO DEO Leribe, MOE 2006 Number of pupils in primary schools Boys: 33,056, Girls: 69,100 Bulletin, DEO DEO Leribe, MOE 2006 Number of secondary schools 32 Bulletin, DEO Number of pupils in secondary DEO Leribe, MOE 2006 Boys: 16,010, Girls: 19,190 12 schools Bulletin, DEO DEO, CCS, school principals, Number of high schools 31 Community Councils

Number of pupils in high schools n/a n/a

Average years of school attendance:

DEO, CCS, school principals, a) primary schools Boys: 9, Girls: 8 Community Councils

DEO, CCS, school principals, Annex 1 b) secondary schools Boys: 3, Girls: 3 Community Councils DEO, CCS, school principals, c) high schools Boys: 2, Girls: 2 Community Councils District Education Office Leribe, Average teacher/pupil ratio: 40 MOE 2006 Bulletin District Education Office, a) primary schools 1:60 Leribe District Education Office, b) secondary schools 1:40 Leribe District Education Office, c) high schools 1:40 Leribe

Total loss of teachers (Number and %) in the 6-year period 2000 - 2005 in Ministry of Education Statistics n/a primary, secondary and high schools & Planning unit due to illness or death

No and location of existing and Agriculture college District Education Office, planned Farmer Training Centres in Hlotse Leribe (FTCs)

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 103 Education sector Data Source

1. Technical school of Leribe (TSL) Number and type of other vocational 2. Institute of extra mural studies District Education Office, training schools (IEMS) of NUL Leribe 3. Home economics school 4. Computer training centres

1. Action Aid: six primary schools, (Serupane council) 2. Connecting classrooms- 3 primary schools (Linare council) What kind of education projects 3. Help Lesotho: provides youth are planned or are under leadership programmes, District Education Office, implementation in the district school requirements (fees Leribe (in which communities)? and uniform) and lifeskills. Operated in different schools within different councils by Help Lesotho 4. World Vision: construction of additional classrooms, literacy programme in Kota area

Water sector Data Source

Annex 1 Proportion of population using an Bos. Lesotho Household 62,890 improved drinking water source Budget Survey, 2002/3 Number and percentage of households Bos. Lesotho Household 71% with access to piped water Budget Survey, 2002/3 Community Fact Sheets Number of wells/natural springs 1,042 aggregates Community Fact Sheets Number of dams 73: natural -191: Man made aggregates Average distance to nearest potable Community Fact Sheets 5 km -2 hours water point aggregates

Department of Rural Water Supply (DRR), located in towns Institutions (governmental and non Deploys personnel to rural Community Councils, governmental) in charge of the water communities Department of Roads, sector and their local representation Water and Sanitation Authority Leribe WASA (WASA), located in Maputsoe (Khomokhoana CC)

What type of ongoing and planned Department of Roads, water supply projects and their List attached Leribe communities?

District Council Leribe 104 Roads sector Data Source

Total km of trunk roads Paved roads: 228.0 km13 Department of Roads, (i.e. national roads) in the district Unpaved roads: 64.2km14 Leribe

694.2 – 355.3 gravel roads Department of Roads, Total km of access roads 338.9 earth roads Leribe and MoLGCA

Number of villages without road Department of Roads, 13 access Leribe

Average distance (km) of settlements 5 km in lowlands – 10 km Department of Roads, to nearest “good” road highlands15 Leribe Apart from district and Community Department of Roads, Councils, other institutions in charge Department DRR, Leribe of the road sector. Location of of Rural Roads (DRR), Leribe communities they work in Planned: upgrading of Literapeng to Pela-Tsoeu road to bitumen Standard-Pitseng & Matlameng Road projects planned or under CCs DRR, Leribe, community implementation and communities Ongoing: B14 – Literapeng councils Fact Sheets affected – Pela-Tsoeu 31.0 km B804 - Mphosong River vented for road construction

Electricity sector Data Source

Number and percentage of Lesotho Electricity Company households with electricity 10,700 (PTY) Annex 1 connections Number and percentage of villages 1,327 CCs without electricity

Which institutions are in charge Lesotho Electricity Company (PTY) Hlotse & Maputsoe of electricity? Lesotho Electricity Company Sub-stations in Linare and (PTY) In which communities are they Khomokhoana Community represented? Councils respectively What kind of electricity projects are On-going: electrification project at Lesotho Electricity Company planned or under implementation? Mahobong Village. 150 households (PTY) In which communities? to be connected Communication sector Data Source Number and percentage of Community Councils Fact households with telephone Over 2,045 Sheets Telecom office, Leribe connections Limamarela, Pitseng, Serupane, Communities where a telephone Malaoaneng, Sephokong, Linare, Community Councils Fact land line is available16 Litjotjela, Khomokhoana, Sheets Telecom office, Hlotse Hleoheng, Manka,Tsoilitsoili Communities where there is cell Community Councils Fact All communities phone reception Sheets

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 105 Communication sector Data Source

Communities with local radio Limamarela has Community Councils reception Moafrika Radio station Fact Sheets All, but it requires owning CCS, Ministry of Communities with TV reception a satellite dish Communications 80%17 not available in Percentage of the villages Limmarela, Mphorosane, Post office, Leribe covered by mail service Matlameng, Motati, Fenyane, Maisa Phoka, Hleoheng Trade and Commerce Data Source

Number of businesses and Department of Trade & 1,432 - 82 Number of small entrepreneurs Commerce, Leribe General cafés (421), specialised dealer (168), builder & contractor (163), footwear & textiles (155), general dealers (62), household furniture (6), hair & beauty salon (46), Type of businesses and small butchery (45), music shop (44), Department of Trade & entrepreneurs hardware (33), motor garage (31), Commerce, Leribe, mini supermarket (30), supermarket (24), Community Council wholesale (24), snack bar (23), Fact Sheets domestic fuel (16), funeral undertaker (15),

Annex 1 motor dealer (10), hawking (9), broker (7), pharmacy (7), petrol dealer (7), consultants (6), photographic studio (6), street photographer (4), book store (4), agents of a foreign firm (3), workshop (3), cinema theatre (2), dry cleaner (2), scrap yard (1)

Block making (25), sewing (9), knitting and sewing (4), carpentry (3), metal & carpentry (3), handicrafts (1), leather works (1), metal works (1), others (35)

Number and type of cooperatives 381 registered coops Dept. of Cooperatives, (57 preregistered coops) Leribe 198: multipurpose, 100: agricultural cooperatives, 13: savings and credit, 6: handicrafts, 2: wood and steel, 11: secondary cooperatives, 61: others

District Council Leribe 106 Chieftainship Data Source

Ward: Leribe Principal chief: Joel Motšoene District administration Gazetted chiefs: 37 office, Leribe, Headmen: 21 chiefs, CCs Number and names of wards and Customary chiefs: 161 chiefs Ward: Tsikoane, Peka & Kolbere Principal chief: Pontšo Mathealira District Administration Gazetted chiefs: 35 Office, Leribe, Headmen: 30 chiefs, CCs Customary chiefs: 95

Security services Data Source

Number of security service Government: 6 substations, providers Government 375 police men Private 14: Top Flight Security, Mata Security, Leta security, Gas security, Mountain View security, AA security, BB Alert LMPS, Leribe security, G4 security, Security Lesotho, Combined security, Double R. Security (PTY) LTD, North Security, Get Well security & JM security Number of crime prevention 202 CCS committees in the district Annex 1 Environment Data Source

Flora: lekhala (spiral aloe), khoara (Geranium caffrum), Khomo-ea-balisa Community Councils (Bulbine narcissifolia), moli, kharetsa, Fact Sheets, cheche (Lucosida sericea), mosea, Department of hloenya, African potato, naka, lesoko, Tourism, Bokong khoanathi, qobo, sehalahala sa matlaka Nature Reserve (Chysocoma tenuifolia), seboka, hlokoana la tsela, manolo, lesoko, mohloare Names of rare, vulnerable & Fauna: tsoene (baboons), rabbit, endangered species in the district black eagle, lenong (cape vulture), ntsu kobo-kobo (bearded vulture), qoabi (African wild cat), letsa (rhebok), Community Councils mutla (hare), lekhoaba (white-necked Fact Sheets, raven), khaka (helmeted guinea fowl), Department of pela (rock rabbit), hlolo (wild hog), Tourism, Bokong nakeli (skunk), noko (porcupine), sekome, Nature Reserve marabe (puff adder), masumu (cobra), thamaha, mosenene-poli, phokojoe, hlolo, ’mutla, pela

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 107 Environment Data Source

Menkhoaneng Cultural Department of Environment, Heritage Site, Monyatso Names of protected areas within Department of Tourism, Catchment Centre, the district chiefs, Community Councils Bokong Nature Reserve, and Fact Sheets Tsehlanyane National Park 1. Lehaha la Molapo- Limamarela CC 2. Lejoe motho- Mphorosane CC 3. Khopung fall, Khokhoba cave, Leaoa & Maieane wetlands-Seshote CC Names of areas to be protected 4. Koasa, Nkoeng-Matlameng Community Councils Fact and their community areas CC Sheets, Bokong Nature Reserve 5. Lehaha la Pitseng, office, chiefs Letša la Tsunyane, Molimo Nthuse-Pitseng CC 5. Mohloling, Mokurisi-Fenyane 6. Komeng San drawings, Lefika le Mokhamo at Malefane, Seetsa fortress. 7. Setibing-Malaoaneng CC 1. Maluti Drakensberg Transfrontier Project 2. Highlands natural resource & rural income Annex 1 enhancement Project (HNRRIEP) 3. Community/social forestry (within CCs) Natural resource management 4. Community Gully Department of Environment, projects (e.g. tree planting, gully Rehabilitation (for poverty Department of Forestry rehabilitation, rehabilitation of alleviation/fato-fato) wetlands etc.) 5. Rehabilitation of wetlands and Land Reclamation 6. Capacity building to local authorities 7. Reforestation of degraded areas natural resource management projects (e.g. tree planting, gully rehabilitation, rehabilitation of wetlands etc.)

District Council Leribe 108 Tourism Data Source

Number and type of tourist Tšehlanyane Lodge, Bokong Tourist Office facilities (e.g. guesthouses, game reserve Maseru-Research Office parks, etc.) Major bell’s tower, part of the original fort at the Anglican mission in Hlotse, remains a landmark on the main street Fossil footprints at Tsikoane plateau, at Menoaneng cave and at Subeng Dinossaur Trackway and Pitseng Cave is another archaeological site of importance in the district Leribe Craft Centre Hlotse has gained importance as the starting point for the Katse Dam road, which was renamed after Nelson Mandela when he visited the town in 1995 Motebang Hospital in Hlotse, named after a pioneer Mosotho doctor, Others Literature review houses a trauma unit for the highlands water project and contains a helipad for helicopter evacuations from project construction sites Menkhoaneng is the birth place of Moshoeshoe I, the founder of the Basotho Nation The well of Moshoeshoe’s father, the Annex 1 cave of Moshoeshoe’s mother’s St Saviour’s church dating back to 1877 Thaba Phatsoa Outward Bound centre is situated in the foothills of the Maloti range near the Lionel Collet Dam There are two hotels and many lodges

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 109 Millennium Development Goals Indicators

Goal 1: Eradicate extreme Data Source poverty & hunger

Target 1.A. Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day 1.1 Proportion of population Aggregate Community Council Fact 75.0% below $1 (PPP) per day a* Sheets Target 1.C: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger 1.8 Prevalence of underweight 17.2% 2004 Demographic and health survey, Bos. children under-five years of age

Goal 2: Achieve universal Data Source primary education

Target 2.A: Ensure that, by 2015, children, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling 2.1 Net enrolment ratio in 0.15 District Education Office, Leribe primary education

Goal 4: Reduce child mortality Data Source

Target 4: Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate 118/1000 live 4.1 Under-five mortality rate 2004 Demographic and Health Survey, Bos. Annex 1 births 93/1000 live 4.2 Infant mortality rate 2004 Demographic and Health Survey, Bos. births 4.3 Proportion of 1 year-old children 87.2% 2004 Demographic and Health Survey, Bos. immunised against measles

Goal 5: Improve maternal health Data Source

Target 5.A: Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio 5.2 Proportion of births attended 51.4% 2004 Demographic and Health Survey, Bos. by skilled health personnel Target 5.B: Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health 5.3 Contraceptive prevalence rate 42.5% 2004 Demographic and Health Survey, Bos. 5.4 Adolescent birth rate 17.1% 2004 Demographic and Health Survey, Bos. 5.6 Unmet need for family planning 31.0% 2004 Demographic and Health Survey, Bos.

District Council Leribe 110 Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Data Source malaria and other diseases

Target 6.A: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS 6.1 HIV prevalence among 33.0% Lesotho MDC Status Report 2008, p.4 population aged 15-24 years 6.2 Condom use at last high-risk sex 41.8% 2004 Demographic and Health Survey, Bos. 29.3 high 6.3 Proportion of population aged based on 2004 Demographic and Health Survey, Bos., 15-24 years with comprehensive implementation NAC, Leribe Office correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS of ESP 6.4 Ratio of school attendance of 1:1 at primary Teachers, counsellors, chiefs, support orphans to school attendance of school level due groups, Red Cross, World Vision, social non-orphans aged 10-14 years to FPE welfare Target 6.B:Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it 6.5 Proportion of population with advanced HIV infection with 25% of eligible access to antiretroviral drugs PLWHA are DEO, NAC 25% of eligible PLWHA are on on ARV ARV DEO, NAC Target 6.C: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases 6.9 Incidence, prevalence and Prevalence: 3,250 death rates associated with (171/100,000) tuberculosis Prevalence: 3.250 in 2007 Interview with health officers, (171/100.000) in 2007 Deaths: Annex 1 Deaths: 1,926 community counsellors 1.926 (107/100.000) in 2005 (107/100,000) Interview with health officers, in 2005 community counsellors 6.10 Proportion of tuberculosis 52% in 2004, cases detected and cured under Interview with health officers, community 73% in 2005 and directly observed treatment counsellors 72% in 2006 short course Goal 7: Ensure environmental Data Source sustainability

Target 7.C: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation 7.8 Proportion of population using an Lesotho Household Budget Survey 21% improved drinking water source 2002/03 7.9 Proportion of population using an Low Percentage RWS improved sanitation facility

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 111 Goal 8: Develop a global Data Source partnership for development Target 8.F: In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications 8.14 Telephone lines per 100 Community Councils Fact 1:100 population Sheets Telecom office, Leribe

Footnotes 1. For the purpose of this profiling exercise, the term “Community“ refers to the people and to the area within the demarcated boundaries of a Community Council. 2. Leribe District Economic Strategy 2002-2007 (Sept. 2002, p.8). 3. 247-509 females + 241-458 males. 4. 317-986 females + 312-086. 5. Taken to mean Community Councils. 6. 11,804 = 2,316 OVCs; 2.241 recipients at health centres + 7,247 households beneficiaries. 7. 1,798.75 hectares are fully stocked, 1,241.05 hectares are eucaliptus trees; 405.20 hectares are pine trees; 65.50 hectares are other species. 8. NB: 20% for Botha-Bothe, 195 for Mokhotlong. 9. 11 in BB; 8 in Mokhotlong. 10. For BB 8; for Mokhotlong 5. 11. For BB 420, for Mokhotlong 162. 12. 2009. 13. Paved 228.0 km: A1: Kolonyama - Lipelaneng River = 71.0 km; A8: Hlotse – Katse = 122.0; A11: Peka - Peka Bridge = 5.0 kms; A12: Sir Seretse Khama Junction - Maputsoe 5.0 km; B13: Nyenye - Lekhalong = 8.0 km; B131: Mpharane -‘Muela = 7.0 km; B101: Kolonyama - Rakolo = 10 km. 14. Unpaved 31.0 km: B801: Sebothoane – Borokhong = 11.2 km; B803: Semolo - Ramapepe = 7.0 km; B804: Pitseng - Ha Koasa = 25.0 km; B805: Mahobong - Ha Seetsa = 18.0 km; C801: B8O3 -Thaba Phatsoa = 3.0 km. 15. If “good” means passable all year (F.M. Kokobela). 16. Lisemeng II (650), Lisemeng I (400), Mankoaneng (350 ), Ha Tai-Tlai (237), Ha Molibeli (100), Sebothoane (70), Mtukeng (62) Leribe Moreneng (20), Likhakeng (19) Ha Malesaoane(18), Khanyane(18),Tsikoane (15), Ha Peete (13),Tsifa-li-mali (12), Qoqolosing

Annex 1 (12), Litlhoatsaneng (10), Ha Leshoele (9), Leqhutsung (7), Linotsing (5), Ha Ben (5), Ha Mpopo (4), Phatsoe (3), Ha Qokoko (3), Nqechane (2), Lenyakoane (1), Kolonyama. 17. Major Post Offices: Maputsoe (with 3 agencies), Leribe (with 9 agencies), Pitseng (with 2 agencies), Peka (1 agency). Agents include individual households, Church missions, shops, and/or schools.

Endnotes 1. Females demonstrate a much higher level of readiness.

District Council Leribe 112 ANNEX Annex 2

1. Community Council profile District: Leribe

Number Community Km2 of Number Number of Average Population Males Females Population Council surface electoral of households Population population in the % % density divisions villages of village district Limamarela C01 241.17 9 73 2,722 8,733 119.6 3% 50 50 36.2 Annex 2 Mphorosane C02 165.20 9 75 1,869 9,392 125.2 3% 49 51 56.9 Seshote C03 203.74 9 37 2,161 9,693 262.0 3% 50 50 47.6 Matlameng C04 183.51 9 55 2,207 10,238 186.1 3% 50 50 55.8 Pitseng C05 186.24 9 49 3,790 18,948 386.7 6% 49 51 101.7 Motati C06 63.31 9 35 9,700 10,080 288.0 3% 50 50 159.2 Fenyane C07 118.25 9 38 2,394 10,766 283.3 4% 45 55 91.0 Serupane C08 76.73 9 69 8,112 10,143 147.0 3% 43 57 132.2 Malaoaneng C09 96.28 9 42 2,423 15,943 379.6 5% 50 50 165.6 Menkhoaneng C010 179.40 11 100 3,326 22,502 225.0 8% 50 50 125.4 Maisa phoka C011 60.15 9 62 2,119 12,630 203.7 4% 50 50 210.0 Sephokong C012 122.24 11 146 5,504 19,199 131.5 7% 50 50 157.1 Linare C013 437.12 11 66 3,965 24,713 374.4 8% 48 52 56.5 Litjotjela C014 99.76 11 55 3,376 21,283 387.0 7% 49 51 213.3 Khomokhoana C015 185.00 9 12 11,014 26,851 2.237.6 9% 45 55 145.1 Hleoheng C016 97.06 11 46 11,610 27,576 599.5 9% 48 52 284.1 Manka C017 166.96 11 64 4,085 17,881 279.4 6% 49 51 107.1 Tsoili-Tsoiili C018 146.16 11 49 3,772 18,456 376.7 6% 49 51 126.3 Total 2,828.28 176 1,073 84,149 295,027 388.5 5.6% 48.6 51.4 104.31

Source: IEC, Bos., 2006, Census Report, community counsellors, CCS, chiefs, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Development and Plannning, 2006 Census Report and updates

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 113 2. Social Indicators C Number Average of Number of Number Number Number Number % of Community Number House- female- child- of of of of persons Council of hold headed % headed % doubles paternal maternal persons receiving households size house- households orphans orphans orphans receiving food aid holds food aid Limamarela C01 2,722 5 600 60.0% 135 5.0% 290 330 720 300 11% Mphorosane C02 1,869 5 374 20.0% 92 4.9% 459 122 122 600 32% Seshote C03 2,161 4 546 25.3% 138 6.4% 340 534 389 259 12% Matlameng C04 2,207 6 634 28.7% 142 6.4% 295 257 332 139 6% Pitseng C05 3,790 5 397 10.5% 60 1.6% 212 -393 310 90 2% Motati C06 9,700 6 822 8.5% 0 0.0% 203 307 185 98 1% Fenyane C07 2,394 6 640 26.7% 123 5.1% 212 393 310 663 28% Serupane C08 8,112 6 958 11.8% 231 2.8% 330 430 393 116 1% Malaoaneng C09 2,423 7 508 21.0% 119 4.9% 250 338 202 105 4% Menkhoaneng C010 3,326 6 1,206 36.3% 388 11.7% 516 882 553 220 7% Maisa phoka C011 2,119 6 303 14.3% 17 0.8% 50 146 73 50 2% Sephokong C012 5,504 6 1,566 28.5% 137 2.5% 416 503 576 159 3% Linare C013 3,965 5 2,100 53.0% 50 1.3% 550 290 260 70 2% Litjotjela C014 3,376 4 820 24.3% 490 14.5% 740 350 530 32 1% Khomokhoana C015 11,014 6 4,696 42.6% 412 3.7% 1,655 69 197 414 4% Hleoheng C016 11,610 5 6,966 60.0% 3.455 29.8% 3.440 7,740 6,020 0 0% Manka C017 4,085 4 202 4.9% 261 6.4% 900 1,600 1,000 300 7%

Annex 2 Tsoili-Tsoiili C018 3,772 5 1,373 36.4% 117 3.1% 344 399 130 74 2% Total 84,149 5.4 24,711 28.5 6.367 6.2% 11,202 14,297 12,302 3,689 7,0% Source: IEC. Bos.. 2006, Census Report, community counsellors, CCS, chiefs, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Development and Planning, 2006 Census Report and updates

District Council Leribe 114 3. Gender Indicators

Community Male Female Total Population M/F counsellors M/F school Council population population population ratio ratio ratio Limamarela C01 4,336 4,397 8,733 0.98 0.62 0.42 Mphorosane C02 4,700 4,692 9,392 1 1.2 0.41 Seshote C03 4,844 4,849 9,693 1 0.57 0.33 Matlameng C04 5,149 5,089 10,238 1 1 0.5 Pitseng C05 9,335 9,613 18,948 0.97 1.16 0.5 Motati C06 5,054 5,026 10,080 1 0.37 0.67 Fenyane C07 5,374 5,392 10,766 0.99 0.57 0.67 Serupane C08 4,940 5,203 10,143 0.99 0.37 0.67 Malaoaneng C09 7,957 7,986 15,943 0.99 0.38 0.33 Menkhoaneng C010 11,156 11,346 22,502 0.98 2.67 0.33 Maisa phoka C011 6,314 6,316 12,630 0.99 0.85 0.33 Sephokong C012 9,582 9,617 19,199 0.99 1.16 0.33 Linare C013 11,910 12,803 24,713 0.93 1.2 0.5 Litjotjela C014 10,395 10,888 21,283 0.95 0.85 0.5 Khomokhoana C015 12,164 14,687 26,851 0.82 0.37 0.33 Hleoheng C016 13,220 14,356 27,576 0.92 1.6 0.5 Manka C017 8,885 8,996 17,881 0.97 2.25 0.44 Tsoili-Tsoiili C018 9,080 9,376 18.456 0.96 1.16 1 Total 144,395 150,632 295,027 Annex 2 Source: Bos., 2006 Census Preliminary Report, CCS

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 115 4. Agriculture Profile Number of Average size of Community Government Non-State Actor households with agricultural plots Council services providers service providers agricultural plots (ha) Limamarela C01 1,892 4.0 MoAFS LHDA Mphorosane C02 1,121 0.0 MoAFS LHDA Seshote C03 546 4.0 MoAFS LHDA Mahobong Matlameng C04 1,986 2.0 resource centre LHDA Pitseng C05 763 5.0 MoAFS FAO Motati C06 1,693 2.0 MoAFS LHDA Fenyane C07 638 5.0 MoAFS LHDA Serupane C08 2,447 2.0 MoAFS FAO, UNICEF, NGOs Malaoaneng C09 2,365 10.0 MoAFS FAO, UNICEF, NGOs Menkhoaneng C010 2,974 5.0 MoAFS Red Cross Maisa phoka C011 11,000 1.5 MoAFS Red Cross Tale & Hlotse Sephokong C012 3,331 3.0 FAO, UNICEF, NGOs resource centre Linare C013 3,205 1.4 MoAFS FAO, UNICEF, NGOs Litjotjela C014 3,200 4.0 MoAFS FAO, UNICEF, NGOs Khomokhoana Khomokhoana C015 2,974 5.0 None resource centre Hleoheng C016 3,400 4.0 MoAFS Red Cross Annex 2 Manka C017 2,941 5,571.0 MoAFS Red Cross Tsoili-Tsoiili C018 3,172 4.0 MoAFS Red Cross Total 49,648 312.9 Source: Department of Agriculture, Community Councils

District Council Leribe 116 5. Trade and Commerce

Community Number of businesses Access to Financial institutions available in CC Council and small enterprises market

Limamarela C01 29 Yes None Mphorosane C02 14 Yes None Seshote C03 21 Yes None Matlameng C04 32 Yes None Pitseng C05 65 Yes Post Bank, Credit Union Motati C06 95 Yes None Fenyane C07 12 Yes None Serupane C08 26 Yes None Malaoaneng C09 33 Yes None Menkhoaneng C010 55 No None Maisa phoka C011 38 No None Sephokong C012 57 Yes 2 Credit Unions Nedbank, FNB, Linare C013 23 Yes Standard Lesotho Bank Litjotjela C014 58 Yes None

Nedbank, FNB, Standard Lesotho Letsete Khomokhoana C015 385 No Investment, Sechaba Finance, JP Finance, Personal Fin.Post Bank Lesotho National Insurance

Hleoheng C016 192 Yes None Annex 2 Manka C017 89 Yes Trade Union Tsoili-Tsoiili C018 70 No Total 1.294 Source: Community Councils, Department of Trade and Industry

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 117 6. Health Indicators

Health Average distance services Number of Community Government (km) to reach 3 most prevalent Number of by NGOs households % Council health centre nearest health diseases households and private with toilets centre providers Limamarela C01 0 1 15 HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis 2,722 1,663 61% Diabetes, diarrhoea, Mphorosane C02 0 2 22 1,869 1,717 92% pneumonia, vomiting Seshote C03 0 2 23 Skin disorder, STIs 2,161 1,686 78% HIV/AIDS, Matlameng C04 1 0 17 cardiovascular, 2,207 135 6% respiratory Tuberculosis, HIV/ Pitseng C05 1 1 15 3,790 700 18% AIDS, malnutrition Tuberculosis, HIV/ Motati C06 1 1 11 9,700 624 6% AIDS, Hypertension Tuberculosis, HIV/ Fenyane C07 1 0 60 2,394 134 6% AIDS, diabetes Tuberculosis, STI, Serupane C08 1 1 2 Hypertension 8,112 768 9% Pulmonary, Malaoaneng C09 1 0 3 tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, 2,423 600 25% hypertension HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, Annex 2 Menkhoaneng C010 1 2 3,326 1,098 33% 1 diabetes HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, Maisa phoka C011 0 27 2,119 451 21% 1 diabetes HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, Sephokong C012 0 10 5,504 224 4% 1 diabetes HIV/AIDS, diabetes, Linare C013 1 15 3,965 1,400 35% 0 hypertension STIs, chest infections, Litjotjela C014 1 18 3,376 2,200 65% 1 diarrhoea Khomokhoana C015 1 9 5 Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS 11,014 2 0% HIV/AIDS, STIs, Hleoheng C016 0 12 11,610 2,122 18% 1 tuberculosis HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, Manka C017 1 25 4,085 684 17% 3 diarrhoea Hypertension, Tsoili-Tsoiili C018 0 1 14 3,772 1,894 50% tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS Total 11 26 16.4 84,149.0 18,101.7 30.3% Source: IEC, Bos., 2006 Census Report, community counsellors, CCS, chiefs, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Development and Plannning, Bos., 2006 Census Report and updates

District Council Leribe 118 7. HIV/AIDS

Number of Number of Community Readiness to Level of interest people dependent HIV/AIDS Council undergoVCT to get results on home-based support care groups

Limamarela C01 High High 953 9 Mphorosane C02 High High 262 9 Seshote C03 High High 49 1 Matlameng C04 High High 50 29 Pitseng C05 High High 500 49 Motati C06 Very high High 56 9 Fenyane C07 Very high High 540 36 Serupane C08 Very high High 320 14 Malaoaneng C09 High High 21 28 Menkhoaneng C010 High High 1,311 13 Maisa phoka C011 Low (10%) High 79 9 Sephokong C012 High High 194 14 Linare C013 High High 613 14 Litjotjela C014 High High 1,653 8 Khomokhoana C015 Very high Medium 264 14

Hleoheng C016 High High 644 2 Annex 2 Manka C017 High High 220 44 Tsoili-Tsoiili C018 Medium High 343 30 Total 8,072 332 Source: NAC, counsellors

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 119 8. Education

Number of Number of Number of Number of Community lower of high vocational primary Total Council secondary school and training schools schools universities schools

Limamarela C01 9 1 1 0 11 Mphorosane C02 10 0 0 0 10 Seshote C03 13 1 1 0 15 Matlameng C04 8 1 0 0 9 Pitseng C05 10 4 3 1 18 Motati C06 7 2 1 0 10 Fenyane C07 8 2 0 0 10 Serupane C08 6 1 1 2 10 Malaoaneng C09 4 1 0 0 5 Menkhoaneng C010 20 2 2 0 24 Maisa phoka C011 7 0 2 0 9 Sephokong C012 17 6 3 0 26 Linare C013 14 0 6 0 20 Annex 2 Litjotjela C014 10 3 1 0 14 Khomokhoana C015 11 4 4 1 20 Hleoheng C016 8 0 7 0 15 Manka C017 18 3 4 0 25 Tsoili-Tsoiili C018 17 2 3 0 22 Total 197 33 39 4 273

Source: Ministry of Education, counsellors, chiefs, local schools

District Council Leribe 120 9. Water

Number of Number Average time households of Community distance to Water supply project with access springs - nearest potable under implementation Council to piped water water point water points

Limamarela C01 0 54 2 km - 13 m Tanks installation Mphorosane C02 196 45 1.5 km - 10m Reservoir, pump station Seshote C03 297 83 20 min Tanks installation Matlameng C04 198 81 25 min - 5 min Boreholes, stand pipes Pitseng C05 226 70 50 m - 10 m Water installation Motati C06 34 54 3 km - 100 m Water installation Fenyane C07 121 153 1.3 hr - 10 m Water installation Serupane C08 3,306 7 2 hr - 1 hr Water installation Malaoaneng C09 75 34 1.3 hr - 5 min Piped water system Menkhoaneng C010 8 18 5 km - 50 m Boreholes, stand pipes Maisa phoka C011 2,119 15 2 km - 1 km Boreholes, stand pipes Sephokong C012 3,361 66 2 km - 500 m Stand pipes maintenance

Linare C013 0 24 1 km - 15 m Borehole construction Annex 2 Litjotjela C014 3,182 27 30 min - 2 min Borehole maintenance Khomokhoana C015 3,021 13 1 km - 10 m Reservoir, pump station Hleoheng C016 11,263 215 150 m - 50 m Reservoir, pump station Manka C017 1,152 47 500 m - 5 m Construction of water points Tsoili-Tsoiili C018 3,772 36 30 m - 1 min Reservoir, pump station Total 32,331 1,042

Source: RWS, counsellors, chiefs

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 121 10. Roads

Community Number of Road projects villages without under Names and km of existing Council road access implementation roads maintained by DRR Lepaqoa road Lejone-Pelaneng 4 km Limamarela C01 2 construction Mphorosane-Tsepo 12 km Taunyane-Kutung 9 km Earth roads Mphorosane C02 2 Taunyane-Mphorosane 14.8 km maintenance Mphorosane-Theko 24.2 km Makopela-Palama 12 km Seshote C03 0 Seshote-Leaoa 18 km Matlameng C04 0 Lekhoathakhoatha 1.8 km Construction of Pitseng C05 0 Khoaba-Mpotso 12 km, Tau access road Road construction Motati C06 0 Setene-Mositi 9 km in 2 villages Ramapepe-Likileng 6.7 km Fenyane C07 1 Maduna-Lepetu 22 km Upgrade Serupane C08 2 Makhoaneng- Setene-Moqathinyane 10 km Tsoinyane Malaoaneng C09 0 Malefane-Chalole 6.8 km Kramel-Mahlehle 2.5 km Tarred road Menkhoaneng C010 0 Menkhoaneng-Kramel 9 km construction Khabo-Pentsi 14 km Annex 2 Construction of Rampai-’Monase 19.2 km Maisa phoka C011 0 gravel roads Pits’sNek- Ntsekalle 8 km Construction of Koenaneng-Pitsi’sNek 7 km Sephokong C012 0 gravel roads Phahameng-Phelantaba 9 km Construction of Linare C013 Sekota-Khobotlana 4.7 km 0 gravel roads Construction of Litjotjela C014 Leshoe-Mojapela 31 km 0 gravel roads Construction of Khomokhoana C015 Nyenye-St.Monica 16 km 0 gravel roads Earth road Likhetlane-Matukeng 13 km Hleoheng C016 0 upgrading Hleoheng-Qamo 13.2 Kotola-Ramaboella 11km Construction of Manka C017 Tebatso-Mpeke 7.4 0 access road Tjopa-Tabola 13.3 Rakolo-Peka 22 km Construction of Tsoili-Tsoiili C018 0 Kolonyama-Mafata 23 km access road Kolonyama-Molelle 9 km Total 7 Source: DRR, Community Councils

District Council Leribe 122 11. Energy

Households with Villages without Community Council electricity connection % electricity %

Limamarela C01 2 90 Mphorosane C02 0 100 Seshote C03 1 99 Matlameng C04 0 100 Pitseng C05 3 69 Motati C06 0 100 Fenyane C07 0 100 Serupane C08 2 89 Malaoaneng C09 0 100 Menkhoaneng C010 2 98 Maisa phoka C011 2 95 Sephokong C012 6 69 Linare C013 20 30 Litjotjela C014 5 94.6

Khomokhoana C015 4 93 Annex 2 Hleoheng C016 84 12 Manka C017 8 79.7 Tsoili-Tsoiili C018 12 84

Total 151 83.46 Source: Counsellors, chiefs

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 123 12. Communications

Number of Number of Number of Number of villages Community villages villages with villages with with available Council with cell-phone local radio mail postal telephone reception reception services landline Limamarela C01 10 1 0 0 Mphorosane C02 0 60 60 0 Seshote C03 0 2 39 39 Matlameng C04 0 19 55 0 Pitseng C05 9 49 49 49 Motati C06 1 35 35 0 Fenyane C07 0 35 38 0 Serupane C08 26 40 69 69 Malaoaneng C09 2 42 42 42 Menkhoaneng C010 0 52 102 102 Maisa phoka C011 1 62 62 0 Sephokong C012 12 116 146 87 Linare C013 66 62 65 18 Annex 2 Litjotjela C014 2 55 55 55 Khomokhoana C015 12 12 12 12 Hleoheng C016 22 46 46 0 Manka C017 13 64 62 8 Tsoili-Tsoiili C018 28 49 49 49 Total 204 801 986 530 Source: Counsellors, Telecom

District Council Leribe 124 13. Security

Number of security services providers Number of crime Community Council prevention committees Government (police) private in council area

Limamarela C01 1 1 1 Mphorosane C02 2 1 1 Seshote C03 2 1 1 Matlameng C04 1 0 1 Pitseng C05 1 0 9 Motati C06 1 0 24 Fenyane C07 0 9 4 Serupane C08 1 1 58 Malaoaneng C09 1 0 42 Menkhoaneng C010 1 0 1 Maisa phoka C011 1 0 9 Sephokong C012 1 0 17 Linare C013 2 3 5

Litjotjela C014 1 0 0 Annex 2 Khomokhoana C015 1 6 7 Hleoheng C016 0 0 11 Manka C017 2 2 42 Tsoili-Tsoiili C018 1 1 49 Total 20 25 282 Sources: LMPS, chiefs, counsellors

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 125 Annex 2

District Council Leribe 126 ANNEX Annex 3

Community Council: Limamarela (C01)

Population Data Source Total population 8,733 Limamarela CC Male population 4,336 CC Female population 4,397 CC Average population per village 376 CC Number of births in the last year 76 CC Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 45 CC Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 15 CC Annex 3 Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 241.17 CC Number of electoral divisions 9 CC Number of villages 67 CC Estimated distance from district town (in km) 80 CC Social indicators Data Source Total number of households 2,722 DMA Average number of persons per household 5 DMA (average household size) Number of female-headed households 600 CC Number of child-headed households 135 CC Number of orphans 1,340 CC a) paternal orphans 290 CC b) maternal orphans 330 CC c) double orphans 720 CC

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 127 Socio-economic indicators Data Source

Number of herd boys not attending school (below 18 years of age) n/a CC Number of persons with disabilities 84 CC Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of persons receiving food aid 300 Support groups Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 12 % MoFDP 12 % MoFDP Employment to population ratio 1:3 MoFDP Children under 5 years of age ‑prevalence of underweight 72 Clinics Agricultural Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary n/a energy consumption Resource Centre Main sources of income and number of households concerned Fishing, agriculture CC Average household income (Maloti per year) M 18,000 CC Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 892 CC Number of people generating income from other sources 457: civil servants CC Names and types of associations n/a n/a

Agriculture sector Data Source Agricultural Number of households with agricultural fields 1,892 Resource Centre

Annex 3 Agricultural Average field size in hectares (has) 4 Resource Centre Three main crops produced Maize, wheat, beans CC Cattle, goats, sheep, Three main livestock herded CC donkeys Size of public land (hectares of range land) 3,000 – 5,000 CC What kind of agricultural service providers are available Government, LHDA CC (governmental and NGOs)? What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under SMEC, LHDA CC implementation? Health sector Data Source HIV/AIDS, Three most prevalent diseases Support groups tuberculosis 2 hospitals: Number and names of health centres Mamohau, CC Sepinare clinic Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 28 km CC (in hours or km) Shortest: 3 km Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) High CC Mats’oele, Ts’epo, Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst Sepinare, Selomong, CC Konstabole, Mallane

District Council Leribe 128 Health sector Data Source

Level of interest to get the results of the test High CC Number of people dependent on home-based care 120 CC VIP: 1,695 Number of households with toilets CC WC: 15 HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct 60 % MoH knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance 1:3 MoH of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection with access to Moderate access MoH antiretroviral advanced drugs Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 9 MoH Education sector Data Source 1: government Number of primary schools Teachers 8: church Number of secondary schools 1 Teachers Number of high schools and universities (government and 1 Teachers privately owned) Average years of school attendance 6 Teachers a) primary school 7 Teachers b) secondary school 14 Teachers

c) high school 16 Teachers Annex 3 Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 7:3 Teachers 3: Mphorosane, Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) CC Matsoku, Lejoe-Motho Number and field of other vocational training schools None CC Number of initiates for the last year to date 235 CC Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 1 CC a) public stand pipes, b) private, c) hand pumps Number of wells 54 CC Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 0 CC made and whether they are communally or privately owned Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest: 2 km CC point (hour or km) Shortest: 13 m Thibeli, Sekhele, What kind of water supply projects are planned or under Mallane, Konstabole, CC implementation? Khubetsoana Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS CC

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 129 Roads sector Data Source

Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) n/a Roads Department Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to the Longest: 14 km Roads Department nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 0.5 km Planned: Number and names of villages without road access Mats’oele CC Number of households concerned Under implementation: Lepaqoa What kind of road projects are planned or under Mats’oele CC implementation? What are the transport infrastructure requirements? Intensive roads construction, bridges CC DRR, Roads Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? CC Department 4 km: Lejone-Pelaneng Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR DRR 40 km: Mphorosane-Ts’epo Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity 10 % LEC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 90 % CCS Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CC Are they locally represented? Annex 3 Main source of energy Firewood, cow dung CC Communication sector Data Source Number of households using solar energy None CC Number of villages with landline telephone. 1: Lejone village Telecom Specify number of households with connections 10: households Number of villages with cell phone reception 8 CCS Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 8 CCS Number of villages with local radio reception None CCS Number of villages with local TV reception None CCS Trade and commerce sector Data Source 29: transport, retailers, markets, Number of businesses (specify type) CC agricultural guesthouse Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes CCS Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and None CCS locations

District Council Leribe 130 Security services Data Source Governmental: LMPS, NSS, BB alert Number of security service providers LMPS, NSS security companies Private: BB Alert Number of crime prevention committees 1 CC Matsoele, Names of villages least covered by security services Mallane,Tsepo, CC Konsetabole Stock theft, assaults, Common types of crime cases reported housebreaking, CC sexual offence Number of stock stolen in the last year 3208 CC

Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police Longest: 28 km CC station or post Shortest: 3 km

Environment Data Source Flora: aloe, kharetsa, MET, Bokong khomo ea balisa Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species Nature Reserve, Fauna: CC baboons scub, rabbit, cape vulture, black tag Bokong Nature Names of protected areas CC Reserve Annex 3 Lehaha la Molapo Names of areas of interest that could be protected CC Ha Matsoele

Ha Thibeli Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion Ha Konstabole CC Lepaqoa - Sebotha Ongoing: Nil What are the natural resource management projects Planned: gallery CC ongoing, planned or under implementation? rehabilitation Matsoele Sepinare

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 131 Community Council: Mphorosane (C02)

Population Data Source Total population 9,392 Bureau of Statistics Male population 4,700 Bureau of Statistics Female population 4,692 Bureau of Statistics Average population per village 1,043 Bureau of Statistics No of births in the last year 190 Chiefs No of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 144 Chiefs Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 27 Chiefs Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 165.2 IEC Number of electoral divisions 9 IEC Number of villages 8 CC Names of villages List attached CC Estimated distance from district town in km 85 CC Social indicators Data Source Total Number of households 1,869 Bureau of Statistics Average Number of persons per household (average household size) 5 Bureau of Statistics

Annex 3 Number of female-headed households 374 Bureau of Statistics Number of child-headed households 373 Bureau of Statistics Number of orphans 703 CC a) paternal orphans 122 CC b) maternal orphans 122 CC c) double orphans 459 CC Number of herd boys not attending school (below 18 years of age) 188 CC Number of persons with disabilities 18 CC Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of persons receiving food aid 600 Support groups Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 20 % MoFDP Employment to population ratio 1:3 MoFDP Children under 5 years of age ‑ prevalence of underweight 40 % Clinics Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption 16 % Clinics Main sources of income and number of concerned households Agriculture CC Average household income (Maloti per year) 800 CC Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 5,635 CC

District Council Leribe 132 Socio-economic indicators Data Source

Number of people generating incomes from other sources 3,757: informal sector CC LHDA corporations, Names and types of associations CC livestock Agriculture sector Data Source

Number of households with agricultural fields 1,121 CC Average field size in hectares (has) 46.3 CC Three main crops produced Maize, wheat, beans CC Three main livestock herded Sheep, cattle, goats CC Size of public land (hectares of range land) 99 CC What kind of agricultural service providers are available LHDA, MoA CC (governmental and NGOs)? What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under LHDA CC implementation? Health sector Data Source Diarrhoea, Community Three most prevalent diseases pneumonia, diabetes health workers Number and names of health centres None CC Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 30 km CC (in hours or km) Shortest: 5 km

Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) High CC Annex 3 Manamolela, Sephapho, Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst CC Nts’eli, Vuka Mosotho Level of interest to get the results of the test High CC Number of people dependent on home-based care 362 CC Number of households with toilets VIP: 1,717 CC HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct 25 % Support groups knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance 1:4 Support groups of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection with access to 45 % Support groups antiretroviral advanced drugs Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 9 Support groups Education sector Data Source

Number of primary schools 10 Schools Number of secondary schools None CC Number of high school and universities (government and None CC privately owned)

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 133 Education indicators Data Source

Average years of school attendance a) primary school 7 Schools b) secondary school 3 Schools c) high school 2 Schools Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 1:3 Schools Sub area Mphorasane, Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) CC forestry subcentre Number and field of other vocational training schools n/a n/a Number of initiates for the last year to date 267 CC

Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water: a) public stand pipes 196: public stand pipes CC b) private c) hand pumps Number of wells 45 CC Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 1: man-made CC made and whether they are communally or privately owned Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest:1.5 km CC point (hour or km) Shortest: 10 m Annex 3 What kind of water supply projects are planned or under Tanks CC implementation? Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS, LHDA CC

Roads sector Data Source

Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) 55 CC Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 30 km CC the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 1 km Number and names of villages without road access Manamolela (97) DRR Number of households concerned Senyenyane (273) Earth roads What kind of road projects are planned or under maintenance, DRR implementation? DRR maintenance What are the transport infrastructure requirements? Bridges, gravel roads DRR Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? DRR DRR 12 km: Mphorosane-Theko, Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR DRR 30 km: Mphorosane -Taunyane

District Council Leribe 134 Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity None CC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 100 % CC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CC Are they locally represented? No Main source of energy Wood, cow dung CC Number of households using solar energy 2 CC Communication sector Data Source Number of villages with landline telephone. Specify number of 10 villages CC households with connections Number of villages with cell phone reception 60 CC Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 0 CC Number of villages with local radio reception 9 electoral divisions CC Number of villages with local TV reception None CC Trade and commerce sector Data Source Number of businesses (specify type) 14: shops CC Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes CC Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance No CC companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and locations Trade and commerce sector Data Source 1: governmental

Number of security service providers (LMPS/NSS) CC Annex 3 9: private Number of crime prevention committees 1 CC Manamolela, Names of villages least covered by security services CC Senyenyane Stock theft, common Common types of crime cases reported CC theft, sexual offences Number of stock stolen in the last year 2.405 CC Longest: 30 km Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station or post CC Shortest: 5 km Environment Data Source Fauna: Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species kharetsa, khoara MET Flora: qoabi Names of protected areas 0 MET Lejoe Motho, Names of areas of interest that could be protected CC Vuka Mosotho Nkisi, Bereng, Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion CC Senyenyane What are the natural resource management projects ongoing, Planned:Tiping, CC planned or under implementation? Manamolela

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 135 Community Council: Seshote (C03)

Population Data Source Total population 9,693 CCS Male population 4,854 CCS Female population 4,839 CCS Average population per village 262 CCS Number of births in the last year 275 CCS Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 140 CCS Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year n/a CCS Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 203.74 IEC Number of electoral divisions 9 IEC Number of villages 37 IEC Names of villages List attached IEC Estimated distance from district town (in km) 150 DRR Social indicators Data Source Total number of households 2,161 CCS Average number of persons per household (average household size) 4 CCS Number of female-headed households 546 CCS Number of child-headed households None CCS Annex 3 Number of orphans 1,263 NAC a) paternal orphans 534 NAC b) maternal orphans 389 NAC c) double orphans 340 NAC Number of herd boys not attending school (below 18 years of age) 215 CCS Number of persons with disabilities 113 CCS Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of persons receiving food aid 259 DMA Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 30 % DMA Employment to population ratio 1:5 CCS Children under 5 years of age - prevalence of underweight 34 CCS Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption 12 % CCS Main sources of income and Number of concerned Agriculture CCS households Average household income (Maloti per year) M 6,000 CCS Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 2,161 CCS

District Council Leribe 136 Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of people generating incomes from other sources 84 % CC S Terateng Multi Names and types of associations co-op, range CCS management Agriculture sector Data Source Number of households with agricultural fields 546 CCS Average field size in hectares (has) 203.74 IEC Three main crops produced Maize, wheat, beans CCS Three main livestock herded Cattle, goats, sheep CCS Size of public land (hectares of range land) 274 CCS What kind of agricultural service providers are available LHDA, MoA CCS (governmental and NGOs)? What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under None CCS implementation? Health sector Data Source Skin disease, sexually Three most prevalent diseases Clinic transmitted diseases Number and names of health centres 2- Seshote, Palama Clinic Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 23 km Seshote Clinic (in hours or km) Shortest: 1 km

Readiness of undergoing (Voluntary Counselling and Testing) VCT High Seshote Clinic Annex 3 Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst Listed below Seshote Clinic Level of interest to get the results of the test High Seshote Clinic Number of people dependent on home-based care 49 Seshote Clinic Number of households with toilets VIP: 4,686 Seshote Clinic HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct High Seshote Clinic knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance 1:3 Support groups of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection with access to 57 % Support groups antiretroviral advanced drugs Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 1 Support groups Education sector Data Source

Number of primary schools 13 Schools Number of secondary schools 1 Schools Number of high school and universities (government and 1 Schools privately owned)

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 137 Education indicators Data Source Average years of school attendance a) primary school 7 Schools b) secondary school 14 Schools c) high school 16 Schools 1: 0.95 Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school Schools 1: 0.62 Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) 1: Matsoku sub-area CCS Number and field of other vocational training schools None CCS Number of initiates for the last year to date 120 CCS Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 297: public stand pipes CCS a) public stand pipes, b) private, c) hand pumps Number of wells 47 CCS Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 1: man-made CCS made and whether they are communally or privately owned Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest: 2 km CCS point (hour or km) Shortest: 20 min What kind of water supply projects are planned Stand pipes CCS or under implementation? Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS CCS Roads sector Data Source Annex 3 Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) 50 DRR Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 50 km DRR the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 1 km Number and names of villages without road access Listed below DRR Number of households concerned Ongoing: What kind of road projects are planned or under Nts’irele-Ramalema DRR implementation? Planned: Palama-Mahateng What are the transport infrastructure requirements? Helicopter DRR DRR, Roads Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? DRR Department. 12 km: Makopela-Palama Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR DRR 18 km: Seshote-Leaoa Energy sector Data Source

Number and percentage of households with electricity 1 % CCS connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 99 % CCS

District Council Leribe 138 Energy sector Data Source Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CCS Are they locally represented? Main source of energy Firewood CCS Number of households using solar energy None CCS Communication sector Data Source Number of villages with landline telephone. None CCS Specify number of households with connections Number of villages with cell phone reception 5 CCS Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 37 CCS Number of villages with local radio reception 37 CCS Number of villages with local TV reception None CCS Trade and commerce sector Data Source Number of businesses (specify type) 21 CCS Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes CCS Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and None CCS locations Security services Data Source Number of security service providers 1: governmental Chiefs Number of crime prevention committees 1 Chiefs

Names of villages least covered by security services Listed Below Chiefs Annex 3 Stock theft, Common types of crime cases reported Chiefs common theft Number of stock stolen in the last year 47 Chiefs Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 70 km Chiefs or post Shortest: 20 km Environment Data Source Flora: aloe, Geranium caffrum, Bulbine narcissifolia Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species Fauna: rhebok, African MET wild cat, hare, helmeted guinea fowl, white-necked raven Names of protected areas Seshote MET Khapung fall, Names of areas of interest that could be protected Khokhoba fall, Leaoa, MET Maleane wetlands Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion Sekutlu, Mapeleng, Leaoa MET What are the natural resource management projects ongoing, Ongoing: Maieane, MET planned or under implementation? Seloloane

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 139 Community Council: Matlameng (C04)

Population Data Source Total population 8,000 Chiefs Male population 4,510 Bureau of Statistics Female population 3,490 Bureau of Statistics Average population per village 340 Bureau of Statistics Number of births in the last year 57 Chiefs Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 92 Chiefs Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 79 Chiefs Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 126.04 LSPP Number of electoral divisions 9 CC Number of villages 55 CC Names of villages List attached CC Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 55 km -110 min CC Social indicators Data Source Total number of households 2,207 CC Average number of persons per household (average household size) 6 CC Number of female-headed households 261 CC Number of child-headed households 142 Chiefs Number of orphans 884 Chiefs a) paternal orphans 257 Chiefs Annex 3 b) maternal orphans 332 Chiefs c) double orphans 295 Chiefs Number of herd boys not attending school (below 18 years of age) 181 CC Number of persons with disabilities 86 CC Socio-economic indicators Data Source Matlameng health Number of persons receiving food aid 139 Centre Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 34 % CC Employment to population ratio 1:2 CC Matlameng health Children under 5 years of age - prevalence of underweight 25 Centre Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary Matlameng health energy consumption 45 % Centre Main sources of income and number of concerned Agriculture CC households Average household income (Maloti per year) M 250 CC Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 900 CC Number of people generating income from other sources 10 % CC Names and types of associations 80: societies CC

District Council Leribe 140 Agriculture sector Data Source

Number of households with agricultural fields 1 CC Average field size in hectares 2 CC Three main crops produced Maize, wheat, beans CC Three main livestock herded Cattle, goats, sheep CC Size of public land (hectares of range land) 48 CC Workshops, What kind of agricultural service providers are available supervision for CC (governmental and NGOs)? farmers Provision of needs, What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under workshops for CC implementation? farmers Health sector Data Source Respiratory diseases, Matlameng Three most prevalent diseases cardiovascular Health Centre diseases, HIV/AIDS 1: Matlameng Health Matlameng Number and names of health centres Centre Health Centre Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 3 km CC (in hours or km) Shortest: 5 min Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and Testing Matlameng High (VCT) Health Centre Matlameng Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst 27 Health Centre Annex 3 Matlameng Level of interest to get the results of the test High Health Centre Support Number of people dependent on home-based care 50 groups Support Number of households with toilets VIP: 135 groups HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; proportion Matlameng of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct 80 % Health Centre knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance Matlameng 1:2 of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Health Centre Proportion of population with HIV infection with access to Matlameng 25 % antiretroviral advanced drugs Health Centre Support Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 29 groups

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 141 Education sector Data Source

Number of primary schools 8 Schools Number of secondary schools 1 Schools Number of high school and universities (government and None Schools privately owned) Average years of school attendance a) primary school 7 Schools b) secondary school 13 Schools c) high school 15 Schools Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 2:1 Schools Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) Mahobong Resource Centre MoA Number and field of other vocational training schools None MoA Number of initiates for the last year to date 220: males – 11: females CC Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 1,264: public stand pipes CC a) public stand pipes, b) private, c) hand pumps Number of wells 83 CC Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 4: man-made (public) CC made and whether they are communally or privately owned Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest: 2 km CC point (hour or km) Shortest: 5 min Annex 3 Planned: Letsie, Nts’irele, What kind of water supply projects are planned or under Nkoeng, Phalole, Makhoaba, CC implementation? Ha-Moshoeshoe Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS CC Roads sector Data Source

Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) 27 CC Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 6 km CC the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 300 m Number and names of villages without road access Nkoeng, Sekoaing, CC Number of households concerned Fako, Lenka

What kind of road projects are planned or under Under implementation: implementation? Lekhoatha-Khoatha road Planned: Nkoeng-Sekhonyana

What are the transport infrastructure requirements? Bridges, good roads CC Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? DRR CC 1.8 km: Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR CC Lekhotha-Khoatha road

District Council Leribe 142 Energy sector Data Source

Number and percentage of households with electricity 1,500 (27.7 %) CC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 55 (100 %) CC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? None CC Are they locally represented? Main source of energy Wood CC Number of households using solar energy 3 CC Communication sector Data Source Number of villages with landline telephone. None CC Specify number of households with connections Number of villages with cell phone reception 19 CC Number of villages with access to postal/mail services None CC Number of villages with local radio reception All CC Number of villages with local TV reception None CC Trade and commerce sector Data Source 19: grocery shops Number of businesses (specify type) 5: liquor restaurants MoTICM 1: gas retailer Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes CCS Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and 80: associations CC Annex 3 locations Security services Data Source Number of security service providers 1: governmental (LMPS) CC Number of crime prevention committees 10 CC Names of villages least covered by security services Ha Sankoela, Nkoeng LMPS Assault, housebreaking, Common types of crime cases reported LMPS sexual offences Number of stock stolen in the last year 23 LMPS Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 27 km LMPS or post Shortest: 7 km Environment Data Source Flora: khoara, cheche, hloenya, mosea,African Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species potato CC Fauna: monkeys, hare, phokojoe, matsa Names of protected areas None CC Names of areas of interest that could be protected Koasa, Nkoeng CC

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 143 Environment Data Source

Phalole, Koasa, Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion Sekhonyana, CC Letele Ongoing: tree planting, Sekhonyana, gully What are the natural resource management projects rehabilitation, Mopai ongoing, planned or under implementation? CC Planned: grass planting, Ha-Letsie Annex 3

District Council Leribe 144 Community Council: Pitseng (C05)

Population Data Source

Total population 18,948 Statistical Office Male population 9,335 Bureau of Statistics Female population 9,613 Bureau of Statistics Average population per village 567 Bureau of Statistics Number of births in the last year 80 Chiefs Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 150 Chiefs 39/1000 Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year (district) Pontmain Health Centre Community council profile Data Source

Total area of community (km2) 186.24 Capital Funds Authority Number of electoral divisions 9 IEC Number of villages 49 CC Names of villages List attached CC Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 26 km Road sign (LHDA) Social indicators Data Source

Total number of households 3,790 Bureau of Statistics Average number of persons per household (average household size) 5 Counsellors Annex 3 Counsellors, Number of female-headed households 397 support groups Counsellors, Number of child-headed households 60 support groups Counsellors, Number of orphans 1,497 support groups Counsellors, a) paternal orphans 397 support groups Counsellors, b) maternal orphans 400 support groups Counsellors, c) double orphans 700 support groups Number of herd boys not attending school (below 18 years of age) 151 Counsellors Number of persons with disabilities 185 Phelisanong, counsellors Socio-economic indicators Data Source

Number of persons receiving food aid 90 Pontmain Health Centre Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 10 % Pontmain Health Centre

Socio-economic indicators Data Source

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 145 Pontmain Health Employment to population ratio 1:2 Centre Pontmain Health Children under 5 years of age - prevalence of underweight 175 Centre Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption 15 % CC Main sources of income and number of concerned Agriculture CC households Average household income (Maloti per year) M 6,000 CC Counsellors, chiefs, Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 5,471 Resource Centre Counsellors, chiefs, Number of people generating income from other sources 60 % Resource Centre Taxi associations, Names and types of associations burial societies, Counsellors grocery associations Agriculture sector Data Source Number of households with agricultural fields 4,835 Resource Centre Average field size in hectares 1.2 Resource Centre Maize, sorghum, Three main crops produced Counsellors beans Three main livestock herded Cattle, goats, sheep Counsellors Size of public land (hectares of range land) 263 Ranger office FAO, training

Annex 3 What kind of agricultural service providers are available livestock advice Counsellors, chiefs (governmental and NGOs)? agricultural shows What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under FAO Counsellors, chiefs implementation? Health sector Data Source Tuberculosis, Pontmain Health Three most prevalent diseases malnutrition, HIV/ Centre AIDS, infections 1- Pontmain Pontmain Health Number and names of health centres Health centre Centre, counsellors Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 15 km Pontmain Health (in hours or km) Shortest: 500 m Centre, counsellors Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and Testing Pontmain Health High (VCT) Centre counsellors Mphosong, Majara, Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst Sekoang 8,000 Counsellors, chiefs people Pontmain Health Level of interest to get the results of the test High Centre counsellors Health sector Data Source

District Council Leribe 146 Counsellors, Number of people dependent on home-based care 500 support groups Number of households with toilets VIP: 700 Counsellors, chiefs HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; Pontmain Health proportion of population aged 15-24 years with 60 % Centre comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school 2:1 MoE attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection Pontmain Health 40 % with access to antiretroviral advanced drugs Centre Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 49 Counsellors

Education sector Data Source

Number of primary schools 10 CC Number of secondary schools 4 CC Number of high school and universities (government and 2:3 CC privately owned) Average years of school attendance a) primary school 7 Teachers, CC b) secondary school 14 Teachers, CC c) high school 16 Teachers, CC Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 2:1 MoE

Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) 1 MoE Annex 3 1: knitting and Number and field of other vocational training schools Counsellors sewing school Number of initiates for the last year to date 130: males Chiefs, counsellors

Water sector Data Source 3,857: public stand Number of households with access to piped water RWS, chiefs, pipes, 127: private, a) public stand pipes, b) private, c) hand pumps counsellors 364: hand pumps Number of wells 70 Chiefs, counsellors Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- Chiefs, None made and whether they are communally or privately owned counsellors Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable Longest: 50 m Chiefs, water point (hour or km) Shortest: 10 m counsellors Implementation is What kind of water supply projects are planned or under taking place in 29 RWS implementation? villages Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS no CC

Roads sector Data Source

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 147 Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) 22 CC Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 10 km CC the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 15 m Number and names of villages without road access None CC Number of households concerned What kind of road projects are planned or under Under construction: CC implementation? Nkoana-Sekoaing Roads, bridges, What are the transport infrastructure requirements? CC access roads Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? DRR, Roads Department CC 10 km: Pitseng-Maduna Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR DRR 6 km: Tauoa-Nchee

Energy sector Data Source

Number and percentage of households with electricity 1,050 (27.7 %) LEC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 34 (69.4 %) CC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CC Are they locally represented? Main source of energy Wood, paraffin, gas CC Number of households using solar energy None CC

Annex 3 Communication sector Data Source Number of villages with landline telephone. Counsellors, n/a Specify number of households with connections chiefs Counsellors, Number of villages with cell phone reception 49 chiefs Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 49 Post office Number of villages with local radio reception 49 CC Number of villages with local TV reception 49 CC Trade and commerce sector Data Source 65: supermarkets, shops, MoTICM, Number of businesses (specify type) filling station, brick making CC industry, salons, guesthouse Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes CC Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance Post bank, Credit Union companies credit unions etc); if yes provide names and CC locations (currently out of service) Security services Data Source

District Council Leribe 148 Number of security service providers 1: Governmental LMPS, 9: Private counsellors Number of crime prevention committees 9 LMPS Names of villages least covered by security services Listed below LMPS Stock theft, housebreaking, Common types of crime cases reported LMPS assault, sexual offences Number of stock stolen in the last year 154 LMPS Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 15 km LMPS or post Shortest: 50 m Environment Data Source Flora: cheche, mofifi, mosea. MET, Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species Fauna: hare, monkeys, counsellors springboks Names of protected areas None CC Pitseng cave, Molimo Names of areas of interest that could be protected Counsellors Nthuse, Lets’a la Tsunyane

Environment Data Source

Romeng, Khoitising, Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion Counsellors Ha Nchee What are the natural resource management projects Ongoing: tree planting CC ongoing, planned or under implementation? Planned: gully rehabilitation Annex 3

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 149 Community Council: Motati Eu (C06)

Population Data Source Statistical Total population 10,080 Office Statistical Male population 5,054 Office Statistical Female population 5,026 Office Average population per village 103 CCS Number of births in the last year 67 CCS Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 19 CCS Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 19 CCS Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 63.31 CC Number of electoral divisions 9 CC Number of villages 35 CC Names of villages List attached CC Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 10 km CC Social indicators Data Source Total number of households 9,700 CC Average number of persons per household (average 6 CC household size) Annex 3 Number of female-headed households 822 CC Number of child-headed households 98 CC Number of orphans 695 CC a) paternal orphans 307 CC b) maternal orphans 185 CC c) double orphans 203 CC Number of herd boys not attending school 370 CC (below 18 years of age) Number of persons with disabilities 59 CC Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of persons receiving food aid 98 CC Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 17 % CC Employment to population ratio 1:4 CC Children under 5 years of age - prevalence of underweight 29 CC Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary 15 % CC energy consumption Main sources of income and number of concerned Agriculture and CC households mining remittances Average household income (Maloti per year) M 3,600 CC

District Council Leribe 150 Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 2,400 CC Number of people generating income from other sources 90 % CC Burial societies, Names and types of associations CC farmers’ associations Agriculture sector Data Source Agricultural Number of households with agricultural fields 1,693 Resource Centre Agricultural Average field size in hectares (has) 2 Resource Centre

Three main crops produced Maize, sorghum, beans CC

Three main livestock herded Cattle, goats, sheep CC Size of public land (hectares of range land) 382 MoFLR What kind of agricultural service providers are available MOAFS, extension CC (governmental and NGOs)? services What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under Agricultural None implementation? Resource Centre Health sector Data Source HIV/AIDS, Three most prevalent diseases tuberculosis, CC hypertension 2:Thaba-Phatsoa, Number and names of health centres CC

Mositi health centres Annex 3 Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 5 km CC (in hours or km) Shortest: 100 m Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and Testing High CC (VCT) Kalaele, Nyokoto, Likatane, Motlatsi, Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst ‘Mako,Thabo, CC Ntoahae,‘Meche, Pontšo, Lekhanya Level of interest to get the results of the test High CC Number of people dependent on home-based care 34 CC VIP: 1,900 (50 %) Number of households with toilets CC WC: 1,140 (30 %) HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; Mositi Health proportion of population aged 15-24 years with 25 % Centre comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school 1:5 CC attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection 20 % CC with access to antiretroviral advanced drugs Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 9 CC

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 151 Education sector Data Source

Number of primary schools 6 CC Number of secondary schools 2 CC Number of high school and universities (government and 1 CC privately owned) Average years of school attendance a) primary school 7 Schools b) secondary school 3 Schools c) high school 2 Schools Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 4:5 Schools Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) None CC Number and field of other vocational training schools None CC Number of initiates for the last year to date 119 CC Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 16: public stand pipes RWS CC a) public stand pipes, b) private, c) hand pumps 18: private Number of wells 54 Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 13: natural CC made and whether they are communally or privately owned 56: man-made Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest: 3km CC

Annex 3 point (hour or km) Shortest: 100m What kind of water supply projects are planned or under 2: Thaba Phatšoa RWS implementation? Ha Tabolela Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS (district level) RWS Roads sector Data Source Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) None CC Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Shortest: 10km CC the nearest ‘good’ road Number and names of villages without road access Listed below CC Number of households concerned Ongoing : upgrading Ntoahae-‘Meche, What kind of road projects are planned or under Planned: Setene-Mositi, CC implementation? Thaba-Phatsoa-Makhoa, Thaba-Phatsoa-Tente What are the transport infrastructure requirements? Road upgrading CC Roads Department, Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? CC DRR 8.3km: Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR DRR Setene-Mositi

District Council Leribe 152 Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity 0 % CC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 35 (100 %) CC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CC Are they locally represented? Main source of energy Firewood CC Number of households using solar energy 1 % CC Communication sector Data Source Number of villages with landline telephone. Specify number 1: Mositi Health CC of households with connections Centre Number of villages with cell phone reception 35 (100 %) CC Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 35 (100 %) CC Number of villages with local radio reception None CC Number of villages with local TV reception 35 (100 %) CC Trade and commerce sector Data Source Number of businesses (specify type) 9 CC Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes CC Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and None CC locations Security services Data Source Number of security service providers 1: governmental CC Annex 3 Number of crime prevention committees 24 CC Names of villages least covered by security services Listed below CC Common types of crime cases reported Stock theft CC Number of stock stolen in the last year 110 CC Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 18km CC or post Shortest: 5km Environment Data Source Fauna: matsa phokojoe lenong, Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species MET Flora: aloe, lengana, cheche Outward Bound, Names of protected areas MET Thaba Phatsoa dam Names of areas of interest that could be protected None CC Likatane, Nokote, Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion CC Kalaele Ongoing: tree planting, What are the natural resource management projects donga rehabilitation CC ongoing, planned or under implementation? Planned: dam construction

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 153 Community Council: Fenyane (C07)

Population Data Source Total population 10,766 CCS Male population 4,800 Counsellors Female population 5,966 Counsellors Average population per village 288.3 Counsellors Support groups, Number of births in the last year 300 chiefs Support groups, Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 439 chiefs Support groups, Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 140 chiefs Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 118.25 CCS Number of electoral divisions 9 CCS Number of villages 38 CCS Names of villages Listed below CCS Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 25 CCS Social indicators Data Source Total number of households 2,394 Chiefs Average number of persons per household 6 Chiefs (average household size)

Annex 3 Number of female-headed households 640 Chiefs, counsellors Number of child-headed households 325 Chiefs, counsellors Number of orphans 915 Support groups a) paternal orphans 393 Support groups b) maternal orphans 310 Support groups c) double orphans 212 Support groups Number of herd boys not attending school 300 Chiefs, counsellors (below 18 years of age) Number of persons with disabilities 81 Chiefs, counsellors Socio-economic indicators Data Source Counsellors, chiefs, Number of persons receiving food aid 663 support groups Counsellors, chiefs, Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 24 % support groups Counsellors, chiefs, Employment to population ratio 1:3 support groups Counsellors, chiefs, Children under 5 years of age - prevalence of underweight 94 support groups Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary Counsellors, chiefs, 25 % energy consumption support groups

District Council Leribe 154 Socio-economic indicators Data Source Main sources of income and number of concerned Agriculture, Counsellors, chiefs, households livestock support groups Counsellors, chiefs, Average household income (Maloti per year) M 25,000 support groups Counsellors, chiefs, Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 333 support groups Counsellors, chiefs, Number of people generating income from other sources 649 support groups Counsellors, chiefs, Names and types of associations None support groups Agriculture sector Data Source Number of households with agricultural fields 763 CCS Average field size in hectares (has) 1.2 DAO, CCS Maize, sorghum, Three main crops produced Chiefs, counsellors beans Three main livestock herded Cattle, goats, sheep Chiefs, counsellors Size of public land (hectares of range land) 539 Chiefs, counsellors What kind of agricultural service providers are available MoA MoFLR (governmental and NGOs)? What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under None CCS implementation? Health sector Data Source HIV/AIDS,

Three most prevalent diseases tuberculosis, sugar MoH Annex 3 diabetes 1: Ramapepe Health Number and names of health centres MoH Centre Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 24hr Villagers (in hours or km) Shortest: 3min Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and Testing High 85 % Support groups (VCT) 35: excluding Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst Ramapepe, Support groups Likileng, Matoli Level of interest to get the results of the test High Support groups Number of people dependent on home-based care 267 Support groups Number of households with toilets VIP: 134 Counsellors HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct 45 % Support groups knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance 1:4 Local schools of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection with access to 37 % MoH antiretroviral advanced drugs Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 36 Support groups

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 155 Education sector Data Source 2: governmental Number of primary schools Local schools 6: private Number of secondary schools 2 Local schools Number of high school and universities (government and None Local schools privately owned) Average years of school attendance Local schools a) primary school 6:8 Local schools b) secondary school 1:3 Local schools c) high school n/a Local schools Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 2:1 Local schools Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) None Local schools Number and field of other vocational training schools None Local schools Chiefs, schools, Number of initiates for the last year to date 123 counsellors Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water Ramapepe, Chiefs, counsellors a) public stand pipes, b) private, c) hand pumps ‘Mamotjepela Number of wells 153 Chiefs, counsellors Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 2 Chiefs, counsellors made and whether they are communally or privately owned Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest: 90 min

Annex 3 Chiefs, counsellors point (hour or km) Shortest: 10 min What kind of water supply projects are planned or under None Chiefs, counsellors implementation? Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS Chiefs, counsellors Roads sector Data Source

Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) 22 DRR Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 6 hr Chiefs, counsellors the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 1 min Mahlabatheng (791) Number and names of villages without road access Ramotjalo-Tjalo Chiefs, counsellors Number of households concerned (869) What kind of road projects are planned or under Upgrade: Chiefs, counsellors implementation? Lipetu-Fako What are the transport infrastructure requirements? Machinery Chiefs, counsellors Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? DRR Chiefs, counsellors Matona-Lipetu, Tsoinyane-Likileng, Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR Chiefs, counsellors Tsoinyane- Leqhutsung

District Council Leribe 156 Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity None Chiefs, counsellors connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 38 (100 %) Chiefs, counsellors Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC Chiefs, counsellors Are they locally represented? Main source of energy Small solar panels Chiefs, counsellors Number of households using solar energy 116 Chiefs, counsellors Communication sector Data Source Number of villages with landline telephone. Specify number None Chiefs, counsellors of households with connections Number of villages with cell phone reception 35 Chiefs, counsellors Number of villages with access to postal/mail services None Chiefs, counsellors Number of villages with local radio reception 38 Chiefs, counsellors Number of villages with local TV reception None Chiefs, counsellors Trade and commerce sector Data Source 5: shops Number of businesses (specify type) Chiefs, counsellors 7: hippo mills Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes Chiefs, counsellors Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and No Chiefs, counsellors locations Security services Data Source Annex 3 Number of security service providers None CC Number of crime prevention committees 4 LMPS Names of villages least covered by security services All CC Stock theft, sexual Common types of crime cases reported LMPS offences Number of stock stolen in the last year 73 LMPS Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 12 hr Chiefs, counsellors or post Shortest: 30 min Environment Data Source Flora: mosea, aloe, lesoko, hloenya Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species Chiefs, counsellors Fauna: Hloaele, Mutlanyana Names of protected areas None Chiefs, counsellors Names of areas of interest that could be protected Makurisi, Mahloling Chiefs, counsellors Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion n/a n/a Ongoing: What are the natural resource management projects Ha-Mosuoane tree Chiefs, counsellors ongoing, planned or under implementation? planting

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 157 Community Council: Serupane (C08)

Population Data Source Total population 10,143 CC Male population 4,366 CC Female population 5,763 CC Average population per village 147 CC Number of births in the last year 554 Clinics Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 95 Chiefs Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 9 Chiefs Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 46.73 CC Number of electoral divisions 9 CC Number of villages 69 CC Names of villages List attached CC Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 23 km CC Social indicators Data Source Total number of households 8,112 CC Average number of persons per household (average household size) 6 CC Number of female-headed households 958 CC Number of child-headed households 231 CC Number of orphans 1,153 Support groups

Annex 3 a) paternal orphans 430 Support groups b) maternal orphans 393 Support groups c) double orphans 330 Support groups Number of herd boys not attending school (below 18 years of age) 122 CC Number of persons with disabilities 153 Support groups Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of persons receiving food aid 116 Clinics Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 60 % CC Employment to population ratio 1,648 Children under 5 years of age - prevalence of underweight 43 Clinics Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption 660 MoH Main sources of income and number of households concerned 530 CC 0 - 500 = 853 Average household income (Maloti per year) 501 - 1000 = 530 CC > 1000 = 265 Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 4,479 Resource Centre Number of people generating income from other sources 101 CC 2: Mathula, Action Names and types of associations CC Aid

District Council Leribe 158 Agriculture sector Data Source

Number of households with agricultural fields 2,447 CC Average field size in hectares (has) 2,400 Resource Centre Maize, sorghum, Three main crops produced CC beans Three main livestock herded Cattle, horses, sheep CC Size of public land (hectares of range land) 1,215.2 LSPP What kind of agricultural service providers are available Agricultural Resource Centre (governmental and NGOs)? organisations What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under Irrigation projects Resource Centre implementation? Health sector Data Source Tuberculosis, Three most prevalent diseases CC hypertension, STI 2: Holy TrinityClinic, Number and names of health centres CC Mahobong Clinic Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 11km CC (in hours or km) Shortest: 200m Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and High CC Testing (VCT) Makhoaneng, Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst Health Centre

Setene, Likhotolieng Annex 3 Level of interest to get the results of the test High Health Centre Number of people dependent on home-based care 320 Health Centre Number of households with toilets VIP: 893 CC HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct 520 -1,596 CC knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance Schools, support 1:2 of non-orphans aged 10-14 years groups Proportion of population with HIV infection with access to 519 Support groups antiretroviral advanced drugs Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 14 Support groups Education sector Data Source Number of primary schools 6 MoE Number of secondary schools 1 MoE Number of high school and universities (government and 1 MoE privately owned) Average years of school attendance 15 MoE a) primary school 7 MoE

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 159 Education sector Data Source

b) secondary school 3 MoE c) high school 2 MoE Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 3:2 MoE Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) 0 MoE Number and field of other vocational training schools 2 CC Number of initiates for the last year to date 115 CC

Water sector Data Source

Number of households with access to piped water a) public stand pipes 3,306: public stand b) private pipes CC c) hand pumps

Number of wells 7 CC Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- made and whether they are communally or privately owned 7: natural CC Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest: 2 hr CC point (hour or km) Shortest: 1 hr What kind of water supply projects are planned or under implementation? RWS CC

Annex 3 Which institutions are in charge of water supply? Communities CC

Roads sector Data Source

Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) 19 DRR Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 7 km DRR the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 200 m Ha - Mahala, Number and names of villages without road access Lobiane, Number of households concerned Likhotolieng, DRR Lekhalong, Seiso, Botilo What kind of road projects are planned or under 5.1 km: maintenance implementation? of Makhoaneng DRR -Tsoinyane

What are the transport infrastructure requirements? Bridges, dirt roads DRR

Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? DRR CC 5.3 km: Lesiamo - Moqathinyane Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR CC 6 km: Makhoaneng -Tsoinyane

District Council Leribe 160 Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity 166 (1.63 %) CC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 63 (91 %) CC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CC Are they locally represented? Main source of energy Wood CC Number of households using solar energy 18 CC Communication sector Data Source Number of villages with landline telephone. 3: villages Vodacom Lesotho, Specify number of households with connections 26: households Econet Number of villages with cell phone reception 40 CC Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 69 CC Number of villages with local radio reception 69 CC Number of villages with local TV reception 7 CC Trade and commerce sector Data Source 16: general cafés Number of businesses (specify type) CC 10: restaurants Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes CC Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and No CC locations Security services Data Source 1: governmental Number of security service providers CC 1: private Number of crime prevention committees 58 CC Annex 3 Names of villages least covered by security services Listed below CC Housebreaking, Common types of crime cases reported CC stock theft, rape Number of stock stolen in the last year 78 CC Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 20 km CC or post Shortest: 6 km Environment Data Source Fauna: aloe Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species CC Flora: lipela Monyatso Names of protected areas CC catchment area Makhoaneng, Names of areas of interest that could be protected Somololo, Lekhalong, CC Ha Monyatso Mapeshoane, Makhoaneng, Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion CC Litaung, Likhotolieng Ongoing: tree What are the natural resource management projects planting CC ongoing, planned or under implementation? Planned: tree planting, terraces

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 161 Community Council: Malaoaneng (C09)

Population Data Source Total population 15,943 Bureau of Statistics Male population 1,915 Bureau of Statistics Female population 1,757 Chiefs Average population per village 380 Chiefs Number of births in the last year 187 Chiefs Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 81 Chiefs Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 53 Seetsa Health Centre Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 126.41 IEC Number of electoral divisions 9 CC Number of villages 42 Chiefs Names of villages List attached Chiefs Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 40.8 km -2 hr Chiefs Social indicators Data Source Total number of households 2,423 Chiefs Average number of persons per household 5 Chiefs (average household size) Number of female-headed households 508 Chiefs Number of child-headed households 119 Chiefs Number of orphans 790 Support groups

Annex 3 a) paternal orphans 338 Support groups b) maternal orphans 202 Support groups c) double orphans 250 Support groups Number of herd boys not attending school 180 Support groups (below 18 years of age) Number of persons with disabilities 70 Support groups Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of persons receiving food aid 105 Seetsa Health Centre Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 22 % Chiefs Employment to population ratio 01:03 CC Children under 5 years of age - prevalence of underweight 40 Seetsa Health Centre Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary 15 % Seetsa Health Centre energy consumption Main sources of income and number of households Crop production, CC concerned livestock, business Average household income (Maloti per year) M 1,800 CC Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 1,904 CC 40: hawkery, public Number of people generating income from other sources phones, general CC cafés, taxi owners Names and types of associations List attached CC

District Council Leribe 162 Agriculture sector Data Source

Number of households with agricultural fields 2,365 Chiefs Average field size in hectares 10 Chiefs Maize, beans Three main crops produced CC sorghum Cattle, donkeys, Three main livestock herded CC horses Size of public land (hectares of range land) 4,558.3 MoFLR What kind of agricultural service providers are available FAO CC (governmental and NGOs)? What kind of agricultural projects are planned None CC or under implementation? Health sector Data Source Pulmonary diseases, Three most prevalent diseases Health hypertension, HIV/AIDS 1: Seetsa Health Number and names of health centres Health Centre Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 11.8 km CC (in hours or km) Shortest: 3 min Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and Seetsa Health High Testing (VCT) Centre Seetsa Health

Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst None Annex 3 Centre Seetsa Health Level of interest to get the results of the test High Centre Seetsa Health Number of people dependent on home-based care 21 Centre Number of households with toilets VIP: 291 Chiefs HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; proportion Seetsa Health of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive 25 -166 Centre correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school 1:2 Teachers attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection Seetsa Health 36 % with access to antiretroviral advanced drugs Centre Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 28 Support groups Education sector Data Source Number of primary schools 4 CC Number of secondary schools 1 CC Number of high school and universities None CC (government and privately owned)

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 163 Education sector Data Source Average years of school attendance a) primary school 7 Schools b) secondary school 14 Schools c) high school 16 Schools Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 2:1 Schools Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) None CC Number and field of other vocational training schools None CC Number of initiates for the last year to date 99: males 8: females Chiefs Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 75: public stand Chiefs a) public stand pipes, b) private, c) hand pumps pipes Number of wells 34 Chiefs Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 9 Chiefs made and whether they are communally or privately owned Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest: 90min Chiefs point (hour or km) Shortest: 5min One piped What kind of water supply projects are planned or under water system Chiefs implementation? (implemented) Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS Chiefs Roads sector Data Source Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) 18.8km CC Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 6.8km Annex 3 CC the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 3min Number and names of villages without road access 42: villages CC Number of households concerned 2,423: households What kind of road projects are planned or under 1: road CC implementation? construction 4: footbridges 2: bridges What are the transport infrastructure requirements? CC 45: road construction Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? DRR CC 6.8km: Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR CC Malefane-Chachele Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity None CC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity None CC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CC Are they locally represented? Main source of energy Firewood, paraffin CC Number of households using solar energy 170 CC Communication sector Data Source

District Council Leribe 164 Number of villages with landline telephone. Specify number 2 Chiefs of households with connections Number of villages with cell phone reception 42 Chiefs Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 42 Chiefs Number of villages with local radio reception 42 Chiefs Number of villages with local TV reception 39 Chiefs Trade and commerce sector Data Source 16: general cafés 12: taxis Number of businesses (specify type) Chiefs 2: grind mills 3: tavern Do they have access to specific markets for their products? No Chiefs Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and No Chiefs locations Security services Data Source Number of security service providers 1: governmental Police Number of crime prevention committees 42 Police Names of villages least covered by security services Listed below Police Stock theft, Common types of crime cases reported housebreaking, Police sexual offences

Number of stock stolen in the last year 64 Chiefs Annex 3 Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 28km CC or post Shortest: 17km Environment Data Source Flora: khoara, sehala, hala sa Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species matlaka Chiefs Fauna: letsa, phokojoe, hlolo Names of protected areas None Chiefs Names of areas of interest that could be protected Attached Chiefs Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion All Chiefs Ongoing: tree planting, Donga What are the natural resource management projects rehabilitation Chiefs ongoing, planned or under implementation? Planned: Donga rehabilitation

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 165 Community Council: Menhkoaneng Eu (C10)

Population Data Source Total population 22,502 Bureau of Statistics Male population 11,156 Bureau of Statistics Female population 11,346 Bureau of Statistics Average population per village 204 CC Number of births in the last year 340 CC Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 200 CC Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 57 CC Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 55 CC Number of electoral divisions 11 CC Number of villages 100 CC Names of villages List attached CC Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 32 km CC Social indicators Data Source Total number of households 3,326 CC Average number of persons per household 6 CC (average household size) Number of female-headed households 1,206 CC Number of child-headed households 388 CC Annex 3 Number of orphans 1,951 CC a) paternal orphans 882 CC b) maternal orphans 553 CC c) double orphans 516 CC Number of herd boys not attending school 335 CC (below 18 years of age) Number of persons with disabilities 229 CC Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of persons receiving food aid 220 CC Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 5 % CC Employment to population ratio 1:3 CC Children under 5 years of age - prevalence of underweight 36 CC Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary 10 % CC energy consumption Agriculture, mining Main sources of income and number of households remittances, home CC concerned brew, casual labour Average household income (Maloti per year) M 1,000 CC

District Council Leribe 166 Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 200 CC Number of people generating income from other sources 11 % CC Tsehlanyane CCF, Lithakali multipurpose, Tsehlanyane Names and types of associations multipurpose, CC Lentsoaneng farmers association, Comfa Itjareng Lihoai Agriculture sector Data Source Number of households with agricultural fields 11,000 CC Average field size in hectares (has) 3.5 CC Maize, sorghum, Three main crops produced CC beans Three main livestock herded Cattle, goats, sheep CC Size of public land (hectares of range land) 33 CC What kind of agricultural service providers are available Training service CC (governmental and NGOs)? delivery What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under Piggery, sheep, CC implementation? stock farming Health sector Data Source Annex 3 HIV/AIDS, Three most prevalent diseases tuberculosis, CC sugar diabetes 2: Khabo Health Number and names of health centres Centre, St. Denis CC Heath Centre Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 15 km CC (in hours or km) Shortest: 350 m Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and Low CC Testing (VCT) Kota, Makepe, Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst CC ‘Mate, Ts’ehlanyane Level of interest to get the results of the test Medium CC Number of people dependent on home-based care Few CC Number of households with toilets VIP: 16,875 CC HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; proportion of population aged 15-24 years with 30 % CC comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school 1:3 CC attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 167 Health sector Data Source Proportion of population with HIV infection with access to 23 CC antiretroviral advanced drugs Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 13 % CC Education sector Data Source Number of primary schools 20 CC Number of secondary schools 2 CC Number of high schools (government and privately owned) 2 CC Average years of school attendance 15 a) primary school 7 CC b) secondary school 3 CC c) high school 2 CC Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 4:5 CC Khabo Resource Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) CC Centre Number and field of other vocational training schools None CC Number of initiates for the last year to date 296 CC Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 8: public stand pipes RWS a) public stand pipes, b) private, c) hand pumps Number of wells 18 CC Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- None CC Annex 3 made and whether they are communally or privately owned Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest: 5 km CC point (hour or km) Shortest: 50 m What kind of water supply projects are planned Standpipes, hand RWS or under implementation? pumps Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS RWS Roads sector Data Source Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) None CC Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 12 km CC the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 30 m Number and names of villages without road access 16: listed below CC Number of households concerned Literapeng - What kind of road projects are planned or under Ts’ehlanyane tarred CC implementation? road Bus stop shelters, What are the transport infrastructure requirements? CC street lights Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? DRR, CC CC Nts’ekaile - Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR Pela-Tsoeu, Kota - CC Krammel

District Council Leribe 168 Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity 2 % CC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 98 % CC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CC Are they locally represented? Main source of energy Firewood CC Number of households using solar energy None CC Communication sector Data Source Number of villages with landline telephone. None CC Specify number of households with connections Number of villages with cell phone reception 52 % CC Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 94 % CC Number of villages with local radio reception 94 % CC Number of villages with local TV reception 94 % CC Trade and commerce sector Data Source Number of businesses (specify type) 55 CC Do they have access to specific markets for their products? No CC Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and No CC locations Security services Data Source

Number of security service providers 1: governmental CC Annex 3 Number of crime prevention committees 1: private CC Kota, Matjana, Names of villages least covered by security services CC ha Khabo Stock theft, murder, Common types of crime cases reported CC rape Number of stock stolen in the last year 300 CC Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 70 km CC or post Shortest: 40 km Environment Data Source Flora: aloe, mofifi Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species MET Fauna: vulture Ts’ehlanyane Names of protected areas MET National Park Names of areas of interest that could be protected Menkhoaneng CC Menkhoaneng, Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion CC ‘Mate, Kota Planned: tree What are the natural resource management projects planting, dam CC ongoing, planned or under implementation? construction

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 169 Community Council: Maisa Phoka Eu (C11)

Population Data Source Total population 12,630 Bureau of Statistics Male population 6,314 Bureau of Statistics Female population 6,315 Statistical Office Average population per village 204 Community Council Number of births in the last year 136 Chiefs Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 226 Chiefs Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 59 Chiefs Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 60.15 MoFDP Number of electoral divisions 9 CC Number of villages 62 IEC Names of villages List attached CC Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 27 km MoLE Social indicators Data Source Total number of households 2,119 CC Average number of persons per household 6 CC (average household size) Number of female-headed households 303 Chiefs Number of child-headed households 17 Chiefs Annex 3 Number of orphans 309 Chiefs a) paternal orphans 146 Chiefs b) maternal orphans 73 Chiefs c) double orphans 90 Chiefs Number of herd boys not attending school 42 Chiefs (below 18 years of age) Number of persons with disabilities 22 Chiefs Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of persons receiving food aid 50 CC Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 72 % CC Employment to population ratio 01:03 MoLE Children under 5 years of age - prevalence of underweight 64 MoH Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption 10 % MoH 22: government Main sources of income and number of households employed CC concerned 44: private 10: miners Average household income (Maloti per year) M 10.7 MoFDP

District Council Leribe 170 Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 1,060 CC Number of people generating income from other sources 260: hawkers CC Burial societies, Names and types of associations support groups, CC cooperatives Agriculture sector Data Source Number of households with agricultural fields 1,528 Chiefs Average field size in hectares (has) 1.5 MoA Maize, sorghum, Three main crops produced CC beans Three main livestock herded Cattle, sheep, goats CC Size of public land (hectares of range land) 192 CC What kind of agricultural service providers are available Ploughing and CC (governmental and NGOs)? planting What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under Irrigation, CC implementation? vegetable gardens Health sector Data Source Tuberculosis, HIV/ Three most prevalent diseases MoH AIDS, diabetes Number and names of health centres None MoH Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre 27km MoH (in hours or km) Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and Annex 3 10 % MoH Testing (VCT) Mojapela (400m) Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst CC Tlhakoli (15km) Level of interest to get the results of the test Low New Start Number of people dependent on home-based care 79 MoH Number of households with toilets VIP: 451 CC HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct 45 % MoH knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance 01:04 MoE of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection with access to 43 % MoH antiretroviral advanced drugs Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 9 CC Education sector Data Source Number of primary schools 7 CC Number of secondary schools None CC Number of high schools (government and privately owned) 2 CC

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 171 Education sector Data Source Average years of school attendance a) primary school 6 CC b) secondary school 13 CC c) high school 16 CC Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 3:1 CC 1:Tale Resource Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) Centre CC Number and field of other vocational training schools None CC Number of initiates for the last year to date 260 CC Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 2,119: public CC a) public stand pipes, b) private, c) hand pumps stand pipes Number of wells 15 CC Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 4: man-made CC made and whether they are communally or privately owned 3: natural Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest: 2km CC point (hour or km) Shortest: 1km What kind of water supply projects are planned or under Boreholes, CC implementation? standpipes Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS CC Roads sector Data Source 6.5km: tarred road Annex 3 Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) CC 7.5km: main roads Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 4km CC the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 20m Number and names of villages without road access Mojapela,Tlhakoli CC Number of households concerned What kind of road projects are planned or under Road maintenance CC implementation? What are the transport infrastructure requirements? Gravel roads CC Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? DRR CC 6.5: Rampai- Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR CC Mashili Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity 39 (1.84 %) CC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 59 (95.2 %) CC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CC Are they locally represented? Main source of energy Wood CC Number of households using solar energy 29 CC Communication sector Data Source

District Council Leribe 172 Number of villages with landline telephone. Specify number I: village CC of households with connections 10: households Number of villages with cell phone reception 62 CC Number of villages with access to postal/mail services None CC Number of villages with local radio reception 62 CC Number of villages with local TV reception 8 CC Trade and commerce sector Data Source 1: poultry 1: brewery depot 2: taverns Number of businesses (specify type) CC 1: mortuary 23: cafés 10: taxi owners Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes CC Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and None CC locations Security services Data Source Number of security service providers 1: governmental CC Number of crime prevention committees 9 CC Names of villages least covered by security services None CC Stock theft,

Common types of crime cases reported housebreaking, CC Annex 3 assault Number of stock stolen in the last year 29 CC Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 13km CC or post Shortest: 3km Environment Data Source Flora: lesoko, hloenya, hlokoana Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species la tsela, manolo CC Fauna:‘mutla, pela, noko Names of protected areas None CC Names of areas of interest that could be protected None CC Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion All CC Ongoing: gully What are the natural resource management projects rehabilitation, tree CC ongoing, planned or under implementation? planting

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 173 Community Council: Sephokong (C12)

Population Data Source Total population 19,199 Bureau of Statistics Male population 9,582 Bureau of Statistics Female population 9,617 Bureau of Statistics Average population per village 302 CC Number of births in the last year 245 Chiefs Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 294 Chiefs Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 71 Chiefs Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 122.24 CC Number of electoral divisions 11 CC Number of villages 146 IEC Names of villages List attached CC Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 13 km MoLE Social indicators Data Source Total number of households 5,504 CC Average number of persons per household 6 CC (average household size) Number of female-headed households 1,566 Chiefs Number of child-headed households 137 Chiefs Annex 3 Number of orphans 1,495 Chiefs a) paternal orphans 503 Chiefs b) maternal orphans 576 Chiefs c) double orphans 416 CC Number of herd boys not attending school 123 CC (below 18 years of age) Number of persons with disabilities 148 Chiefs Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of persons receiving food aid 159 CC Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 15 % CC Employment to population ratio 1:3 Clinics Children under 5 years of age : prevalence of underweight 45 MoLE Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary 10 % MoH energy consumption Main sources of income and number of concerned Agriculture (3,437) MoH households Average household income (Maloti per year) M 60 CC Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 2,683 MoA

District Council Leribe 174 Socio-economic indicators Data Source

651: total 543: informal sector 14: taxi, 24: poultry Number of people generating incomes from other sources 5: contractors CC 19: brewery 4: selling herbs 1: shoe mending Burial societies, Names and types of associations support groups, CC cooperatives Agriculture sector Data Source Number of households with agricultural fields 3,331 CC Average field size in hectares (has) 3 CC Maize, sorghum, Three main crops produced CC beans Three main livestock herded Cattle, sheep, horses CC Size of public land (hectares of range land) 8,000 CC Tale, Hlotse What kind of agricultural service providers are available agricultural CC (Governmental and NGOs)? Resource Centres What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under Block farming CC implementation? ongoing Health sector Data Source Annex 3 HIV/AIDS, Three most prevalent diseases tuberculosis, CC sugardiabetes 4: Maryland Clinic Emmanuel Clinic Number and names of health centres St. Margaret Clinic CC Phelisa Health Centre Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 10km CC (in hours or km) Shortest: 500m Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and Testing High (80 %) Support groups (VCT) Nqechane (23 villages), Lejakane (10 villages), Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst CC Alexander (14 villages), Boribeng (13 villages) Level of interest to get the results of the test High MoH Number of people dependent on home-based care 194 CC Number of households with toilets VIP: 242 CC Health sector Data Source

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 175 HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive 30 % CC correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school 1:4 CC attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection with access 45 % CC to antiretroviral advanced drugs Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 31 CC Education sector Data Source Number of primary schools 17 CC Number of secondary schools 6 CC Number of high school and universities (government and 3 CC privately owned) Average years of school attendance a) primary school 7 CC b) secondary school 3 CC c) high school 2 CC Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 03:01 CC Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) None CC Number and field of other vocational training schools None CC 209: males Number of initiates for the last year to date CC 25: females Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 2,445: public stand Annex 3 a) public stand pipes pipes CC b) private 23: private c) hand pumps 883: hand pumps Number of wells 66 CC Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 5: natural CC made and whether they are communally or privately owned 23: public Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable Longest: 2km CC water point (hour or km) Shortest: 500m Lithantsang, Phahameng, Boribeng, What kind of water supply projects are planned or under Ha Motseki, Ha CC implementation? Simon, Phelendaba, Nqechane, Phatsoa,Tsielala, Tota Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS CC Roads sector Data Source 6: tarred road Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) CC 25: main road Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 4km CC the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 500m Roads sector Data Source

District Council Leribe 176 Number and names of villages without road access 45: list below CC Number of households concerned Road maintenance: Levi`s Nek-Mabuleng, What kind of road projects are planned or under ‘Monase, Phahameng CC implementation? to Phelendaba,Tale- Boribeng What are the transport infrastructure requirements? Gravel roads CC Roads Department, Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? CC DRR 9 km: Manase- Matlakeng, 9 km: Phahameng- Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR Phelandaba CC 7 km: Tale-Boribeng 2 km: Qoqolosing- ‘Mate Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity 253 (6.4 %) CC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 101 (69 %) CC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC no CC Are they locally represented? Main source of energy Firewood, paraffin CC Number of households using solar energy 144 (3 %) CC Communication sector Data Source Number of villages with landline telephone. 12: villages

CC Annex 3 Specify number of households with connections 39: households Number of villages with cell phone reception 116 (79 %) CC Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 87 (59.5 %) CC Number of villages with local radio reception 100 % CC Number of villages with local TV reception 20 (14 %) CC Trade and commerce sector Data Source 38: cafés 5: taverns 2: car repairs 4: grinding mills 2: butchery Number of businesses (specify type) CC 1: salon 1: public phones 1: cinema café 2: supermarket taxi operators Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes CC Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and None CC locations Security services Data Source

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 177 Number of security service providers None CC

Number of crime prevention committees 17 CC

Names of villages least covered by security services All (146) CC

Stock theft, Common types of crime cases reported CC housebreaking

Number of stock stolen in the last year 114 CC Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 20 km CC or post Shortest: 12 km

Environment Data Source

Fauna: skunk, hare, porcupine, cobra, pela Flora: lesoko, Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species hloenya, hlokoana MET la tsela, khoara, aloe, khomo ea balisa, mohloare Names of protected areas None MET

Meribeng bushman paintings, ‘Mantoaneng Dinasaur foot-prints, Leribe Makotokong Annex 3 botanic gardens, Names of areas of interest that could be protected Matsoaing Koung CC Bushmen paintings, Mohobollo-Khalolo- Nqechane Bushmen paintings, Leribe Moreneng Bohomeng

Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion All CC

Ongoing: tree planting, gully rehabilitation What are the natural resource management projects Nqechane, Maoana CC ongoing, planned or under implementation? Masooana, Matsoaing Planned: Lithoatseng tree planting

Community Council: Linare Eu (C13)

Population Data Source

District Council Leribe 178 Total population 23,993 Bureau of Statistics Male population 11,190 Bureau of Statistics Female population 12,803 Bureau of Statistics Average population per village 460 CC Number of births in the last year 79 Chiefs Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 18 Chiefs Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 5 Chiefs Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 69.39 CC Number of electoral divisions 11 CC Number of villages 66 IEC Names of villages List attached CC Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 25km MoLE Social indicators Data Source Bureau of Statistics Total number of households 3,800 CC Average number of persons per household (average 5 CC household size) Number of female-headed households 2,100 Chiefs Number of child-headed households 50 CC Number of orphans 550 CC a) paternal orphans 290 CC b) maternal orphans 260 CC Annex 3 c) double orphans 50 CC Number of herd boys not attending school 55 CC (below 18 years of age) Number of persons with disabilities 250 CCS Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of persons receiving food aid 70 WFP Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 30 % WFP Employment to population ratio 1:3 MoLE Children under 5 years of age : prevalence of underweight 42 MoH Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary 5 % MoH energy consumption 30 %: government 20 %: private Main sources of income and number of concerned 30 %: CC households self-employment 15 %: remittance Average household income (Maloti per year) M 8.151 MoFDP Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 4,600 MoA

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 179 Number of people generating incomes from other sources 35 % CCS Terateng, Multi Names and types of associations Co-op, range CCS management Agriculture sector Data Source

Number of households with agricultural fields 320 MoA Average field size in hectares (has) 1.4 MoA Maize, sorghum, Three main crops produced CC wheat Three main livestock herded Cattle, goats, sheep CC Size of public land (hectares of range land) 168 MoA What kind of agricultural service providers are available MoA CCS (governmental and NGOs)? What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under None CCS implementation? Health sector Data Source HIV/AIDS, Three most prevalent diseases diabetes, MoH hypertension 1: Motebang Number and names of health centres MoH Hospital Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 25 km MoH Annex 3 (in hours or km) Shortest: 15 km Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and High MoH Testing (VCT) Khoarai, Maqhaoe, Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst MoH Subeng, Kampa Level of interest to get the results of the test High MoH Number of people dependent on home-based care 34 MoH VIP: 1,900 (50 %) Number of households with toilets CC WC: 1,140 (30 %) HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; proportion of population aged 15-24 years with n/a n/a comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school n/a n/a attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection with access 15 % Support groups to antiretroviral advanced drugs Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 14 CC Education sector Data Source Number of primary schools 14 CC Number of secondary schools None CC

District Council Leribe 180 Number of high school and universities (government and 6 CC privately owned) Average years of school attendance a) primary school 7 CCS b) secondary school 3 CCS c) high school 2 CCS Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 2:1 MoE Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) None CCS Number and field of other vocational training schools 2 CCS Number of initiates for the last yearto date None CC Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 304: public stand a) public stand pipes pipes CCS b) private 1,140: private c) hand pumps 76: hand pumps Number of wells 24 Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 5: man-made CCS made and whether they are communally or privately owned Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest: 15 km CCS point (hour or km) Shortest: 1 km What kind of water supply projects are planned or under Under implementa- CCS implementation? tion: bore holes Which institutions are in charge of water supply? WASA CCS Roads sector Data Source Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) 6 CC Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 15 km Annex 3 CC the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 1 km Number and names of villages without road access 10: listed below CC Number of households concerned Ongoing: earth What kind of road projects are planned or under road (Sekota- CC implementation? Khobong) What are the transport infrastructure requirements? Bridges, roads CC Roads Department, Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? MoLE DRR 3.2 km: Sekota- Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR MoLE Khobotlong Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity 20 % LEC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 30 % LEC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CC Are they locally represented? Energy sector Data Source Main source of energy Gas CC Number of households using solar energy 5 % CC

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 181 Communication sector Data Source

Number of villages with landline telephone. none CC Specify number of households with connections Number of villages with cell phone reception 62 % CC Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 30 % CC Number of villages with local radio reception 95 % CC Number of villages with local TV reception 80 % CC

Trade and commerce sector Data Source Supermarkets, Number of businesses (specify type) butcheries, cafés, CC utility companies Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes CC NedBank, Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance Standard companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and CC Lesotho Bank, locations Metropolitan Security services Data Source 1: governmental Number of security service providers CC 3: private

Number of crime prevention committees 5 CC

Qoqolosing, Names of villages least covered by security services CC Annex 3 Sekota. Maqhaoe

Common types of crime cases reported Rape, theft, drugs CC

Number of stock stolen in the last year 28 CC Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station or Longest: 27 km CC post Shortest: 100 m

Environment Data Source

Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species Fauna: Rabbits MET Names of protected areas None MET Qoqolosing, Names of areas of interest that could be protected CC Subeng Qoqolosing, Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion CC Subeng, Khanyane What are the natural resource management projects Ongoing: tree CC ongoing, planned or under implementation? plating Community Council: Litjotjela Eu (C14)

Population Data Source

District Council Leribe 182 Total population 21,283 IEC Male population 10,445 IEC Female population 10,938 IEC Average population per village 372 IEC Number of births in the last year 197 Chiefs Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 334 Chiefs Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year n/a Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 99.76 IEC Number of electoral divisions 11 CC Number of villages 55 CC Names of villages List attached CC Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 26 km -90 min Public Works Social indicators Data Source Total number of households 3,376 CC Average number of persons per household 4 CC (average household size) Number of female-headed households 820 CC Number of child-headed households 490 CC Number of orphans 1,620 CC

a) paternal orphans 350 CC Annex 3 b) maternal orphans 530 CC c) double orphans 740 CC Number of herd boys not attending school 140 Chiefs (below 18 years of age) Number of persons with disabilities 78 Chiefs Socio-economic indicators Data Source

Number Linots’ing Health of persons receiving food aid 32 Centre Linots’ing Health Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 20 % Centre Employment to population ratio 01:02 Statistics Linots’ing Health Children under 5 years of age: prevalence of underweight 98 Centre Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary 37 % Linots’ing Health energy consumption Centre Socio-economic indicators Data Source Main sources of income and number of households Agriculture CC concerned

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 183 Average household income (Maloti per year) M 500 CC Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 4,937 MoAFS Number of people generating incomes from other sources 16,600 (78 %) MoAFS Burial societies, Names and types of associations CC push push Agriculture sector Data Source Number of households with agricultural fields 3,200 Chiefs Average field size in hectares (has) 4 MoA Maize, sorghum, Three main crops produced MoA beans Three main livestock herded Cattle sheep, goats MoA Size of public land (hectares of range land) 473 MoFLR What kind of agricultural service providers are available Extension services CC (governmental and NGOs)? from MoA What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under None CC implementation? Health sector Data Source

Transmitted Linots’ing Health Three most prevalent diseases diseases, chest infections, diarrhoea Centre 2 Linots’ing Health Number and names of health centres Centre, Likhakeng CC Health Centre Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 18 km CC (in hours or km) Shortest: 100 m Annex 3 Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and Linots’ing Health High Testing (VCT) Centre Ts’aba Lira (740 Linots’ing Health Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst people affected) Centre Linots’ing Health Level of interest to get the results of the test High Centre Linots’ing Health Number of people dependent on home-based care 84 Centre Linots’ing Health Number of households with toilets VIP: 2,200 Centre HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct 12 % New Start knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance 03:04 MoA of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection with access to Linots’ing Health 01:03 antiretroviral advanced drugs Centre Linots’ing Health Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 8 Centre Education sector Data Source

Number of primary schools 10 MoA

District Council Leribe 184 Number of secondary schools 3 MoA Number of high school and universities (government and 1 MoA privately owned) Average years of school attendance a) primary school 7 MoA b) secondary school 14 MoA c) high school 16 MoA Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 2:1 MoA Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) 1: resource centre CC Number and field of other vocational training schools None CC Number of initiates for the last year to date 110 Chiefs

Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 1,462: public stand a) public stand pipes pipes CC b) private 1,720: hand pumps c) hand pumps Number of wells 27 CC 19: man-made Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- dams (communally CC, RW made and whether they are communally or privately owned owned) Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest: 30 min CC

point (hour or km) Shortest: 2 min Annex 3 Ongoing: maintenance of bores in all electoral What kind of water supply projects are planned or under divisions CC implementation? Planned: water project at Linots’ing, Leshoele, Ts’aba Lira

Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS CC

Roads sector Data Source

8 km: Hlotse Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) bridge to CC Khomokhoana Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 27 km CC the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 500 m Ts’aba Lira, Number and names of villages without road access Sents’onyane CC Number of households concerned (255 households) Roads sector Data Source

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 185 Ongoing: Matukeng-Nthako What kind of road projects are planned or under earth road CC implementation? construction Planned: 2 earth roads construction Access roads and What are the transport infrastructure requirements? CC bridges Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? DRR CC 7 km: Leshoele-Ben Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR DRR 22 km: Matukeng- Likhetlane Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity 181 (5 %) CC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 3,195 (60 %) CC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CC Are they locally represented? Paraffin, gas, Main source of energy CC firewood Number of households using solar energy 56 CC Communication sector Data Source Annex 3 Number of villages with landline telephone. None Telecom Lesotho Specify number of households with connections Number of villages with cell phone reception None Telecom Lesotho Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 55 Chiefs Number of villages with local radio reception 55 Chiefs Number of villages with local TV reception 55 Chiefs Trade and commerce sector Data Source Number of businesses (specify type) 58 CC Do they have access to specific markets for their products? No CC Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and No CC locations Security services Data Source

District Council Leribe 186 Number of security service providers 1: governmental Chiefs Number of crime prevention committees None CC Names of villages least covered by security services Herisi CC Stock theft, Common types of crime cases reported CC housebreaking, rape Number of stock stolen in the last year 82 Chiefs Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 27 km CC or post Shortest: 4 km Environment Data Source Flora: hloenya, Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species African potato MET Fauna: rabbits Names of protected areas None CC Rock prints at Names of areas of interest that could be protected CC Matukeng Herisi, Matjelong Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion Ha Mpopo, MoFLR Mojapela Ongoing: gully rehabilitation at Sehauli, Hlotsenyane, tree planting at What are the natural resource management projects Likhakeng MoFLR Annex 3 ongoing, planned or under implementation? Planned: tree planting, gully rehabilitation, dams building

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 187 Community Council: Khomokhoana Eu (C15)

Population Data Source

Total population 26,851 Bureau of Statistics Male population 12,164 Bureau of Statistics Female population 14,687 Bureau of Statistics Average population per village 2,238 Bureau of Statistics Number of births in the last year 107 Chiefs Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 59 Chiefs Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 59 Chiefs Community council profile Data Source Maputsoe Total area of community (km2) 55 Structure Plan (1996) Number of electoral divisions 9 CC Number of villages 12 CC Names of villages List attached CC Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 15 km -15 min CC Social indicators Data Source

Total number of households 11,014 DMA

Annex 3 Average number of persons per household (average household size) 5 DMA Number of female-headed households 4,696 DMA Number of child-headed households 412 DMA Number of orphans 1,921 CC a) paternal orphans 69 Support groups b) maternal orphans 197 Support groups c) double orphans 1,655 CC Number of herd boys not attending school (below 18 years of age) 142 CC Number of persons with disabilities 385 CC Socio-economic indicators Data Source

Number of persons receiving food aid 414 CC Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 10 % CC Employment to population ratio 01:02 CC Children under 5 years of age : prevalence of underweight 26 CC Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption 30 % CC

District Council Leribe 188 Socio-economic indicators Data Source 1: formal sector (textile firms, supermarkets, Main sources of income and number of households clothing shops) CC concerned 2: informal sector (hawkers) 3: commercial farming Average household income (Maloti per year) M 10,000 CC Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 482 CC Number of people generating incomes from other sources 20,138.25 (75 %) CC Names and types of associations n/a CC Agriculture sector Data Source Khomokhoana Number of households with agricultural fields 2,974 Resource Centre Khomokhoana Average field size in hectares (has) 5 Resource Centre Maize, sorghum, Khomokhoana Three main crops produced wheat Resource Centre Khomokhoana Three main livestock herded Cattle, sheep, pig Resource Centre Khomokhoana Size of public land (hectares of range land) 251 Resource Centre

What kind of agricultural service providers are available Khomokhoana Annex 3 CC (governmental and NGOs)? resource centre What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under Khomokhoana Block farming implementation? Resource Centre Health sector Data Source Tuberculosis, Three most prevalent diseases CC HIV/AIDS 1: government 5: Maputsoe filter clinic, Maluti Number and names of health centres CC Adventist clinic, medical arts health clinic, Jessi polyclinic Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Shortest: 5 km CC (in hours or km) Readiness of undergoing voluntary counselling and testing New Start Very Ready (VCT) Maputsoe 5: Popopo, Ha Matsoete, Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst CC Ha Chaka, Makitiring, Taung (16 households)

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 189 Health sector Data Source New Start Level of interest to get the results of the test Medium Maputsoe Number of people dependent on home-based care 267 Health centres Number of households with toilets 1,683 Health centres HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; New Start proportion of population aged 15-24 years with 80 % Maputsoe comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school 2:3 CC attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection with access New Start 50 % to antiretroviral advanced drugs Maputsoe Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 14 CC Education sector Data Source 4: government Number of primary schools CC 7: private Number of secondary schools 4 CC Number of high school and universities (government and 1: government CC privately owned) 3: private Average years of school attendance a) primary school 7 MoE b) secondary school 3 MoE c) high school 2 MoE Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 2:3 MoE

Annex 3 1: Khomokhoana Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) CC Resource Centre 1: knitting, sewing Number and field of other vocational training schools CC school Khooana initiation Number of initiates for the last year to date 36 (boys only) school Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 3: public stand pipes a) public stand pipes 3,000: private RWS,WASA b) private 18: hand pump c) hand pumps Number of wells 13 CC 6: natural Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 3: man-made CC made and whether they are communally or privately owned 1: private Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest: 1 km CC point (hour or km) Shortest: 10 m 2: pump station What kind of water supply projects are planned or under construction WASA implementation? 2: reservoir construction Which institutions are in charge of water supply? WASA CC Roads sector Data Source

District Council Leribe 190 Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) 3 km CC Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 5 km CC the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 150 m Number and names of villages without road access None CC Number of households concerned What kind of road projects are planned or under 1: earth road CC implementation? 7: gravel roads Road in Lower What are the transport infrastructure requirements? CC Popopo DRR, Roads Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? Department, CC CC (local) 6 km: Nyenye- Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR CC St. Monica Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity 4,500 (80 %) LEC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 1 % CC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CC Are they locally represented? Main source of energy Electricity, gas CC Number of households using solar energy None CC Communication sector Data Source Annex 3 Number of villages with landline telephone. All (12 villages) Econet,Telecom Specify number of households with connections 900 households Lesotho Number of villages with cell phone reception All CC Number of villages with access to postal/mail services All CC Number of villages with local radio reception All CC Number of villages with local TV reception All CC Trade and commerce sector Data Source Number of businesses (specify type) 385 MoTICM Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes MoTICM Banks: NedBank (Maputsoe CBD) Standard Lesotho bank (Maputsoe CBD) Post bank (Maputsoe CBD) Insurance Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies: Lesotho National Insurance companies, credit unions etc)? If yes provide names and Group (Mp. CBD) MKM Starlion Group locations (Map. CBD) Letsete Investment (Map. CBD) Money Lenders: B.Blues (Map. CB) JP Finance (Map. CBD) Sechaba Personal Financial Advisor (Map.CBD)

Security services Data Source

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 191 1: governmental Number of security service providers CC 9: private Number of crime prevention committees 7 LMPS Maputsoe

Names of villages least covered by security services None LMPS Maputsoe Sexual offences, Common types of crime cases reported housebreaking, LMPS Maputsoe stock theft Number of stock stolen in the last year 50 LMPS Maputsoe

Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 5 km LMPS Maputsoe or post Shortest: 600 m

Environment Data Source

Flora: aloe, cape gecko Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species MET Fauna: wild dogs, hare, agama atra

Names of protected areas None CC

Names of areas of interest that could be protected None CC

Kholokoe Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion Ha Matsoete CC Ha Moholisa Annex 3 What are the natural resource management projects Ongoing: Donga CC ongoing, planned or under implementation? rehabilitation

District Council Leribe 192 Community Council: Hleoheng (C16)

Population Data Source Total population 27,576 IEC Male population 13,220 IEC Female population 14,356 IEC Average population per village 641 Chiefs Number of births in the last year 645 Chiefs Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 86 Chiefs Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 46 Chiefs Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 97.06 IEC Number of electoral divisions 11 CC Number of villages 46 CC Names of villages Attached CC Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 12 km - 6 min MoPW Social indicators Data Source Total number of households 11,610 IEC Average number of persons per household 5 IEC (average household size) Number of female-headed households 6,966 Chiefs Number of child-headed households 3,455 Social Welfare

Number of orphans 1,800 Social Welfare Annex 3 a) paternal orphans 740 Social Welfare b) maternal orphans 620 Social Welfare c) double orphans 440 Social Welfare Number of herd boys not attending school 215 Social Welfare (below 18 years of age) Number of persons with disabilities 645 Social Welfare Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of persons receiving food aid 256 Bureau of Statistics Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 40 % Bureau of Statistics Employment to population ratio 01:04 Bureau of Statistics Children under 5 years of age: prevalence of underweight 154 MoH Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary 35 % MoH energy consumption Agriculture, Main sources of income and number of households factories, informal MoA concerned sector Average household income (Maloti per year) M 12,000 Bureau of Statistics Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 7,492 Bureau of Statistics

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 193 Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of people generating incomes from other sources 38 % Statistical Office Names and types of associations List attached Chiefs Agriculture sector Data Source Maputsoe Resource Number of of households with agricultural fields 3,400 Centre Maputsoe Resource Average field size in hectares (has) 4 Centre Maize, sorghum, Maputsoe Resource Three main crops produced beans Centre Maputsoe Resource Three main livestock herded Cattle, sheep, goats Centre Size of public land (hectares of range land) 382 MoFLR What kind of agricultural service providers are available MoA MoA (governmental and NGOs)? What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under Irrigation, poultry, CC implementation? orchard Health sector Data Source STI, tuberculosis, malnutrition, Likhetlane Filter Three most prevalent diseases HIV/AIDS, Clinic, St. Monica’s opportunistic Clinic infections Number of and names of health centres 1: St. Monica’s Clinic CC Annex 3 Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 12 km CC (in hours or km) Shortest: 4 km New Start At least 50 %, Maputsoe, Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and though some still Likhetlane Filter Testing (VCT) fear testing Clinic, St. Monica’s Clinic Qamo, Lepamo, Likhetlane, Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst Mashapha, Chiefs Hleoheng, Mpharane Level of interest to get the results of the test High New Start Number of people dependent on home-based care 644 Support groups VIP: 2,110 Number of households with toilets WC: 12 Chiefs New start HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; Maputsoe proportion of population aged 15-24 years with 18 % - 4:5 Filter Clinic comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS St. Monica’s Clinic Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance 1:2 Support groups of non-orphans aged 10-14 years

District Council Leribe 194 Health sector Data Source

Proportion of population with HIV infection with access to New start, Maputsoe 14 % Filter Clinic, antiretroviral advanced drugs St. Monica’s Clinic Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 2 Chiefs Education sector Data Source Number of primary schools 8 CC Number of secondary schools None CC Number of high school and universities (government and 7 CC privately owned) Average years of school attendance 12 CC a) primary school 8 MoE b) secondary school None MoE c) high school 7 MoE Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 02:01 MoE Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) None CC Number and field of other vocational training schools None CC Number of initiates for the last year to date 46 Chiefs Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 8,063: public stand RWS, WASA, a) public stand pipes pipes chiefs, b) private Annex 3 3,200: hand pumps counsellors c) hand pumps Number of wells 215 Chiefs Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 5: public MoFLR made and whether they are communally or privately owned Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest:150 m RWS, WASA point (hour or km) Shortest: 50 m Malereko-Senei, Mafata-Ralikuku, What kind of water supply projects are planned or under Qamo-Ramoruti, RWS implementation? Polaki, St. Monica’s, Mpharane Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS CC Roads sector Data Source Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) 36 km MoPW Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 5 km Chiefs the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 3 km Ralikuku Mongali, Number and names of villages without road access Mothamane, Senei, Chiefs Number of households concerned Lepamo, Matumo, Barete, Matasane

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 195 Roads sector Data Source Earth roads in Mokati, What kind of road projects are planned or under Makoanyane, Chiefs implementation? Barete, Lepamo, Senei, Mongali, Ralikuku Routine road maintenance, What are the transport infrastructure requirements? street lights, proper CC drainage, gravelling of earth roads Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? DRR CC 5 km: Likhetlane Matukeng, 5 km: Hleoheng Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR DRR Qamo, 3 km: Nyenye- St. Monicas Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity 8,174 (70 %) LEC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 8 (17 %) LEC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC yes CC Are they locally represented? Electricity, wood, Main source of energy CC Annex 3 paraffin, gas, coal Number of households using solar energy None CC Communication sector Data Source Number of villages with landline telephone. 22 Telecom Lesotho Specify number of households with connections Number of villages with cell phone reception 46 CC Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 30 CC Number of villages with local radio reception 46 CC Number of villages with local TV reception 46 CC Trade and commerce sector Data Source 192: cafés, bars, Number of businesses (specify type) agriculture, taxis, CC informal sector Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes CC Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and No CC locations Security services Data Source

District Council Leribe 196 Number of security service providers None CC Number of crime prevention committees 11 CC Names of villages least covered by security services None CC Stock theft, rape, Common types of crime cases reported housebreaking, Police Maputsoe robbery Number of stock stolen in the last year 87 Police Maputsoe Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station 12 km Chiefs or post Environment Data Source Flora: aloe Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species MET Fauna: rabbits Names of protected areas None Chiefs Cemetery sites Names of areas of interest that could be protected along main roads CC in CC Likhetlane, Mpharane, Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion Hleoheng, CC St. Monica’s, Lepamo Ongoing: tree

planting, gully Annex 3 What are the natural resource management projects rehabilitation MoFLR ongoing, planned or under implementation? Planned: tree planting, gully rehabilitation

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 197 Community Council: Manka Eu (C17)

Population Data Source Total population 17,881 Bureau of Statistics Male population 8,731 Bureau of Statistics Female population 9,150 Bureau of Statistics Average population per village 380 Bureau of Statistics Number of births in the last year 782 Chiefs Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 684 Chiefs Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 1/10 Chiefs Community council profile Data Source Total area of community (km2) 166.96 CC Number of electoral divisions 11 CC Number of villages 64 CC Names of villages List attached CC Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 28 km CC Social indicators Data Source Total number of households 4,085 CC Average number of persons per household (average household size) 5 CC Number of female-headed households 202 CC Number of child-headed households 261 CC

Annex 3 Number of orphans 3,500 CC a) paternal orphans 1,600 CC b) maternal orphans 1,000 CC c) double orphans 900 CC Number of herd boys not attending school (below 18 years of age) 200 CC Number of persons with disabilities 126 Chiefs Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of persons receiving food aid 300 Bureau of Statistics Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 60 % Bureau of Statistics Employment to population ratio 1:3 Bureau of Statistics Children under 5 years of age: prevalence of underweight 2,875 MoH Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption 45 % MoH Miners, factory Main sources of income and number of households concerned workers (1,021 CC households) Average household income (Maloti per year) 15,600 CC Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 12,874 CC

District Council Leribe 198 Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of people generating income from other sources 3,576 CC Names and types of associations List attached CC Agriculture sector Data Source Number of households with agricultural fields 2,941 MoA Average field size in hectares (has) 5,571 MoA Grain crops, Three main crops produced cereal crops MoA vegetable crops Small stock, Three main livestock herded largestock, poultry, MoA piggery Size of public land (hectares of range land) 582 MoFLR What kind of agricultural service providers are available Red Cross, MoA CC (governmental and NGOs)? Fruit tree production, What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under seedling production, CC implementation? irrigation scheme, piggery and poultry production Health sector Data Source Tuberculosis,

Three most prevalent diseases HIV/AIDS, CC Annex 3 diarrhoea 4: St. Anne Health Centre, Fobane Number and names of health centres Health Centre, St. CC Rose Health Centre, Peka Health Centre Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 5 hr CC (in hours or km) Shortest: 1 min Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and Testing High CC (VCT) List attached Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst (6,147 people CC affected) Level of interest to get the results of the test High CC Number of people dependent on home-based care 220 CC VIP: 4,629 Number of households with toilets CC WC: 60 HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive 13 % CC correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 199 Health sector Data Source Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance 1:2 CC of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection with access to 2 % CC antiretroviral advanced drugs Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 44 CC Education sector Data Source Number of primary schools 18 MoE Number of secondary schools 3 MoE Number of high school and universities (government and 4 MoE privately owned) Average years of school attendance a) primary school 6 -14 MoE b) secondary school 13 -15 MoE c) high school 14 -18 MoE 1:1 Primary Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 1:1 Secondary MoE 1:1 Tertiary Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) None CC Number and field of other vocational training schools None CC Annex 3 153: males Number of initiates for the last year to date CC 16: females Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 192: public stand a) public stand pipes pipes CC b) private 907: private c) hand pumps 13: hand pumps Number of wells 47 CC Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 7: man-made CC made and whether they are communally or privately owned 3: natural (all public) Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable water Longest: 1,500 m CC point (hour or km) Shortest: 5 m Installation of public and What kind of water supply projects are planned or under private pipes, CC implementation? construction of new water points Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS CC

District Council Leribe 200 Roads sector Data Source Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) 15 km CC Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 14 km CC the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 15 m Mpapa, Rankoane, Patsa, Rantho, Number and names of villages without road access Monyane, Napo, CC Number of households concerned Thipane, Ha Motako, ‘Marana, Nkanyane Planned: bridge, maintenance of earth and gravel What kind of road projects are planned or under roads CC implementation? Under implementation: upgrading both gravel and tarred roads Construction of a bridge, maintenance What are the transport infrastructure requirements? CC of both earth and gravel roads Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? DRR CC 17 km: Kotola-Mokhosi, 7.6 km: Annex 3 Hlanami-Mosamo, 9.1 km: Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR CC Tabola-Ntahli, 13,.2 km: Tabola-Tjopa, 12 km: Likoche-Motinyane Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity 305 (7.5 %) CC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 51 (79.7 %) CC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CC Are they locally represented? Main source of energy Firewood CC Number of households using solar energy 1,389 CC

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 201 Communication sector Data Source Number of villages with landline telephone 13: villages CC Specify number of households with connections 95: households Number of villages with cell phone reception 64 CC Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 8 CC Number of villages with local radio reception 62 CC Number of villages with local TV reception None CC Trade and commerce sector Data Source 7: mills 69: general cafés 4: supermarkets Number of businesses (specify type) CC 7: bars 1: butchery 1: poultry farm Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes CC Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc)? If yes provide names and 1: Credit Union CC locations Security services Data Source 2: governmental Number of security service providers CC 2: private Number of crime prevention committees 42 CC Names of villages least covered by security services List attached CC

Annex 3 Stock theft, Common types of crime cases reported housebreaking, Police assault Number of stock stolen in the last year 177 Police Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 27 km CC or post Shortest: 3 m Environment Data Source Flora: kikiyu grass Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species CC Fauna: hare Thipane, Fobane, Names of protected areas CC Peka river bank Names of areas of interest that could be protected Ha Napo CC Mosae,‘Marana, Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion CC Napo Ongoing: tree planting, grass What are the natural resource management projects planting CC ongoing, planned or under implementation? Planned: fixing gabions

District Council Leribe 202 Community Council: Tsoili-Tsoili (C18)

Population Data Source Statistical Total population 18,456 Office Statistical Male population 9,080 Office Statistical Female population 9,376 Office Statistical Average population per village 376 Office Number of births in the last year 136 Support groups Number of 5+ mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 175 Chiefs Under 5 mortality rate per 1000 in the last year 21 Chiefs Community council profile Data Source

Total area of community (km2) 146.16 LSPP

Number of electoral divisions 11 CC

Number of villages 49 CC

Names of villages List attached CC

Estimated distance from district town (in km and travel time) 27 km CC

Social indicators Data Source Annex 3 Statistical Total number of households 2,592 Office Average number of persons per household Statistical (average household size) 5 Office Chiefs, CC, Number of female-headed households 1,373 support groups Chiefs, CC, Number of child-headed households 117 support groups Chiefs, CC, Number of orphans 874 support groups Chiefs, CC, a) paternal orphans 399 support groups Chiefs, CC, b) maternal orphans 130 support groups Chiefs, CC, c) double orphans 344 support groups Number of herd boys not attending school Chiefs, CC, (below 18 years of age) 27 support groups Chiefs, CC, Number of persons with disabilities 150 support groups

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 203 Socio-economic indicators Data Source Number of persons receiving food aid 74 CC Statistical Proportion of population under M 10.00 per day 25 % Office Statistical Employment to population ratio 1:7 Office Children under 5 years of age: prevalence of underweight 42 MoH Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption 30 % MoH Salary earned Main sources of income and number of households Self-employment CC concerned Agriculture Average household income (Maloti per year) M 800 CC Number of people employed in agriculture and livestock 13,000 CC Number of people generating incomes from other sources 200 (9.2 %) CC Names and types of associations List attached CC Agriculture sector Data Source Kolonyama Number of households with agricultural fields 3,172 Resource Centre Kolonyama Average field size in hectares (has) 8 Resource Centre Grain crops, cereal Kolonyama Three main crops produced crops, vegetable crops Resource Centre Small stock, large Kolonyama Three main livestock herded Annex 3 stock, poultry, piggery Resource Centre Size of public land (hectares of range land) 510 MoFLR Red Cross, What kind of agricultural service providers are available Global Fund CC (governmental and NGOs)? MoA Fruit tree production, What kind of agricultural projects are planned or under seedling, irrigation CC implementation? scheme, piggery, poultry Health sector Data Source Tuberculosis, Three most prevalent diseases HIV/AIDS, MoH hypertension 1: Little Flower Number and names of health centres CC Health Centre Longest and shortest distance to nearest health centre Longest: 2 hr CC (in hours or km) Shortest: 10 min Readiness of undergoing Voluntary Counselling and Testing High CC (VCT) Ha Ralehlatsa, Names of villages where access to health facilities is worst CC Mohlokaqala, Matala Health sector Data Source

District Council Leribe 204 Level of interest to get the results of the test Medium MoH Number of people dependent on home-based care 20 Support groups VIP: 1,884 Ts’epong, Number of households with toilets WC: 10 Bophelong HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24; Ts’epong, proportion of population aged 15-24 years with 60 % comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS Bophelong Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school 1:7 CC attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years Proportion of population with HIV infection with access Ts’epong, 53 % to antiretroviral advanced drugs Bophelong Number of HIV/AIDS Support groups 30 CC

Education sector Data Source

Number of primary schools 17 CC Number of secondary schools 2 CC Number of high school and universities (government and 3 CC privately owned) Average years of school attendance a) primary school 7 MoE b) secondary school 14 MoE c) high school 16 MoE

Ratio of girls to boys in secondary and high school 2:1 MoE Annex 3 1: Agricultural Number of and names of Farmers Training Centres (FTCs) CC Resource Centre Number and field of other vocational training schools None CC Number of initiates for the last year to date 277 CC Water sector Data Source Number of households with access to piped water 200 (9.2 %) Chiefs a) public stand pipes, b) private, c) hand pumps Number of wells 36 Chiefs 44: man-made (public) Number of dams. Indicate whether they are natural or man- 26: natural Chiefs made and whether they are communally or privately owned 9: privately owned Longest and shortest distance to the nearest potable Longest: 30 min Chiefs water point (hour or km) Shortest: 1 min What kind of water supply projects are planned or under List attached RWS implementation? Which institutions are in charge of water supply? RWS Chiefs Roads sector Data Source

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 205 23 km: DRR, Roads Total kilometres of main or tarred roads (i.e. national roads) Peka-Kolonyama Department Longest and shortest distance (km) of villages to Longest: 300 m DRR, Roads the nearest ‘good’ road Shortest: 50 m Department Ha Thokoa, Motse Number and names of villages without road access Mocha CC Number of households concerned (26 households) Ongoing: 1.7 km Manama-Rakolo, 1.3 km What kind of road projects are planned or under Ntsekele- CC implementation? Sekhutloaneng Planned: upgrade earth roads in all 11 electoral divisions All roads within 11 electoral divisions to be upgraded from What are the transport infrastructure requirements? CC earth roads to gravel roads, footbridge at Ha Rakobeli DRR, Roads Which institutions are in charge of the road sector? CC Department

Annex 3 Names and lengths of existing roads maintained by DRR List attached CC Energy sector Data Source Number and percentage of households with electricity 7 (16 %) LEC connections (i.e. LEC connections) Number and percentage of villages without electricity 41 (84 %) LEC Which institutions are in charge of the electricity sector? LEC CC Are they locally represented? Main source of energy Wood CC Number of households using solar energy 50 Chiefs Communication sector Data Source Number of villages with landline telephone 28 CC Specify number of households with connections Number of villages with cell phone reception 49 CC Number of villages with access to postal/mail services 49 CC Number of villages with local radio reception 49 CC Number of villages with local TV reception 49 CC Trade and commerce sector Data Source

District Council Leribe 206 Number of businesses (specify type) 70 CC Do they have access to specific markets for their products? Yes CC Are there any financial institutions (i.e. banks, insurance companies, credit unions etc); if yes provide names and No CC locations Security services Data Source 1: governmental Number of security service providers CC 1: private 1: with Number of crime prevention committees Chiefs 49 sub-committees Ha Ntsekele Ha Ralehlatsa Ha Lints’a Names of villages least covered by security services Ha Jobo Chiefs Manganeng Ha Thokoa Ha Rampa Stock theft, Common types of crime cases reported Chiefs housebreaking Number of stock stolen in the last year 47 Chiefs Longest and shortest distance to the nearest police station Longest: 18 km CC or post Shortest: 10 m Environment Data Source Flora: hloenya, Names of rare, vulnerable or endangered species ‘mankiling MET Fauna: rabbits, monkeys Names of protected areas None CC Annex 3 Sehlabeng Names of areas of interest that could be protected CC Kolonyama Ha Ntsekele Ha Makhula Manganeng Ha Mohlokaqala Names of villages that are facing severe soil erosion CC Ha Motlokoa Ha Tlalinyane Makhalong Moramang Ongoing: water conservation at Ha Tokoto, Ha Molipa, Ha ‘Nena, tree planting at Manganeng, Ntsekele What are the natural resource management projects Planned: tree CC ongoing, planned or under implementation? planting at Ralehlatsa, Moqathinyane, gully rehabilitation- Moqathinyane, dams building

Local Governance and Non-state actors Support Programme - LGNSP 207

District Council Leribe 208

About LGNSP The Local Governance & Non State Actor Support Programme (LGNSP) is a European Union funded initiative implemented in partnership with the Ministry of Finance and Development Planning. It aims to deepen local democracy, improve local governance and reduce poverty through the creation of a supportive and enabling environment at community and district level which strengthens dialogue around effecting social change and furthers citizen participation in Lesotho. To this end, the programme broadly aims to enhance the active participation of citizens, local authorities and non-state actors in Lesotho in the debate about local governance and decentralisation legal and regulatory framework. It aims also at generating confidence in the government re- form and the institutions of democracy, ensuring the promotion and protection of political, socio and economic rights, and supporting a culture of accountability, transparency and equity. It also operates a grant-making fund for local development initiatives, capacity building and organizational development interventions.

About this publication This handbook presents detailed, up-to-date, relevant, accessible and accurate information describing the major characteristics of the district, serving as a useful reference guide for all stakeholders involved in district planning efforts. This handbook is the result of a methodological process of both quantitative and qualitative investigation. The profiling exercise started by conducting several field work appraisals of the physical and geographic features of the region, followed by a broad review of secondary sources and standard national statistics from different official sources. These data were combined with surveys, discussions, workshops and interviews with major stakeholders at national, district and Community Council level.

LS-80-09-603-EN-C