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INSIDE ▲ the California Arc: Thick Granitic Batholiths, Eclogitic Residues, Lithospheric-Scale Thrusting, and Magmatic Flare-Ups, P Vol. 11, No. 11 A Publication of the Geological Society of America November 2001 INSIDE ▲ The California Arc: Thick Granitic Batholiths, Eclogitic Residues, Lithospheric-Scale Thrusting, and Magmatic Flare-Ups, p. 4 Mihai Ducea Rocky Mountain Section Meeting, p. 14 Cordilleran Section Meeting, p. 16 COLORADO CONVENTION CENTER IMPORTANT DATES FIELD TRIP CO-CHAIRS Mid-November Pardee Keynote Symposia and Eric A. Erslev Topical Session proposal forms (970) 491-5661 available at www.geosociety.org fax 970-491-6307 December 3, 2001 Short Course proposals due [email protected] January 17, 2002 Keynote and Topical Session proposals due Jerry Magloughlin April 2002 Call for Papers in April issue of (970) 491-1812 GSA Today fax 970-491-6307 June 2002 Registration and housing infor- [email protected] mation in June issue of GSA Today HOT TOPICS CHAIR July 16, 2002 Abstracts due Steve Getty (710) 389-6512 Field Trip proposals are still being accepted. fax 719-389-6910 Exhibit Space is available. Call Brenda Martinez [email protected] at 1-800-472-1988 for an Exhibitor Prospectus. GSA TECHNICAL PROGRAM OFFICER Nancy Carlson For more information, contact: (303) 357-1061 [email protected] TECHNICAL PROGRAM CHAIR John W. Geissman GSA SHORT COURSE PROGRAM OFFICER (505) 277-3433 Edna Collis fax 505-277-8843 (303) 357-1034 [email protected] [email protected] For More Information (303) 447-2020 " 1-800-472-1988 " fax 303-357-1070 [email protected] " www.geosociety.org Contents GSA TODAY (ISSN 1052-5173) is published monthly by The Geological Vol. 11, No. 11 November 2001 Society of America, Inc., with offices at 3300 Penrose Place, Boulder, Colorado. Mailing address: P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140, U.S.A. Periodicals postage paid at Boulder, Colorado, and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to GSA Today, Member Services, P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140. science article Copyright © 2001, The Geological Society of America, Inc. (GSA). All rights 4 reserved. Copyright not claimed on content prepared wholly by U.S. The California Arc: Thick Granitic Batholiths, Eclogitic . government employees within scope of their employment. Individual scientists Residues, Lithospheric-Scale Thrusting, and Magmatic Flare-Ups are hereby granted permission, without fees or further requests to GSA, Mihai Ducea to use a single figure, a single table, and/or a brief paragraph of text in other subsequent works and to make unlimited photocopies of items in this journal for noncommercial use in classrooms to further education 11 and science. For any other use, contact Copyright Permissions, GSA, P.O. Dialogue . Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140, USA, fax 303-357-1070, To Merge or Not to Merge [email protected]; reference GSA Today, ISSN 1052-5173. Per- mission is granted to authors to post the abstracts only of their articles 11 on their own or their organization’s Web site providing the posting Jack Hess to be GSA’s Executive Director . includes this reference: “The full paper was published in the Geological Society of America’s journal GSA Today, [include year, month, and page Denver 2002 GSA Annual Meeting: Call for Proposals . .12 numbers if known, where the article will appear].” GSA provides this and other forums for the presentation of diverse opinions and positions by 13 scientists worldwide, regardless of their race, citizenship, gender, religion, Reminders: Call for Committee Service; . or political viewpoint. Opinions presented in this publication do not reflect Call for Medals and Awards Nominations official positions of the Society. 14 SUBSCRIPTIONS for 2001 calendar year: Society Members: GSA Rocky Mountain Section Meeting, GSA . Today is provided as part of membership dues. Contact Member Services Preliminary Announcement at 1-888-443-4472, (303) 447-2020 or [email protected] for membership information. Nonmembers & Institutions: Free with paid 16 subscription to both GSA Bulletin and Geology, otherwise $65 for U.S., Cordilleran Section Meeting, GSA . Canada, and Mexico; $75 elsewhere. Contact Subscription Services at Preliminary Announcement (800) 627-0629 or [email protected]. Also available on an annual CD-ROM (together with GSA Bulletin, Geology, GSA Data Repository, Students: Mark Your Calendars for Shlemon Workshops . .18 and an Electronic Retrospective Index to journal articles from 1972); $94 to GSA Members, others call GSA Subscription Services for prices and details. Claims: For nonreceipt or for damaged copies, members contact Commentary: Anthropic Rocks: Made, Modified, . .19 Member Services; all others contact Subscription Services. Claims are and Moved by Humans honored for one year; please allow sufficient delivery time for overseas copies, up to six months. GSA Foundation Update . .20 STAFF: Acting Executive Director: David A. Stephenson 22 Science Editors: Karl E. Karlstrom, Department of Earth and Planetary Emergency Management: What It Is and Why We Should Care . Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-1116, [email protected]; Molly F. Miller, Department of Geology, Box 117-B, Call for Applications: GSA Grants Support Student Research . .24 Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, [email protected] Director of Publications: Jon Olsen 26 Managing Editor: Jeanette Hammann Book Review . Editorial Assistant: Christina Alba Production Manager: Diane C. Lorenz The Biggs Award for Excellence in Earth Science Teaching . .26 Production Coordinator: Margo Y. Good Graphics Production: Margo Y. Good GSA Today lead science articles should present the results of exciting GSA Offers Awards in Geomorphology and Micropaleontology . .26 new research or summarize and synthesize important problems or issues, and they must be understandable to all in the earth science community. 27 Contact science editor Karl Karlstrom, [email protected], to submit a Announcements . manuscript. Meetings Calendar, About People, News ADVERTISING: Classifieds and display: Contact Ann Crawford, 28 (303) 357-1053, fax 303-357-1070; [email protected]. Position Announcements . GSA ONLINE: www.geosociety.org Classified Advertising . .30 This publication is included on GSA’s annual 34 CD-ROM, GSA Journals on Compact Disc. GeoVentures: GeoTrip to Grand Canyon; Memories . Call GSA Member Services for details. Field Forum Scheduled: Kinematics and Vorticity . .35 Printed in U.S.A. using pure soy inks. of High-Strain Zones On the cover: View of the Sierra Nevada batholith in Yosemite National Park. 50% Total Recovered Fiber The 100–85 Ma Sierran crest is seen along the horizon in this view looking from 10% Postconsumer Mount Hoffmann. Photo by Steve Kidder. GSA TODAY, NOVEMBER 2001 3 ABSTRACT that formed above subduction zones. The California Arc: Recent geological and geophysical data Understanding the petrology and tectonic show that a significant fraction of the crust framework of these granitic batholiths (~33 km) in the central Sierra Nevada has stirred great geologic controversies Thick Granitic batholith is granitic, requiring that the and continues to pose several major batholith be underlain by a significant problems in modern geology, such as Batholiths, residual mass prior to Cenozoic exten- quantifying the rates and processes of sion. Although batholith residua are com- crustal growth versus recycling in arc en- monly thought to be granulites, xenolith vironments (e.g., Hamilton, 1988). One Eclogitic Residues, data indicate that eclogite facies residues of our major limitations in deciphering were an important part of the California large-scale arc magmatic features is the arc at depth. The arc was continuously limited knowledge of their vertical di- Lithospheric-Scale active for >140 m.y., yet most surface mension. How deep do they extend, and/or shallow crustal magmatism took what is their composition at depth, and Thrusting, place via two short-lived episodes: one in how thick is the crust beneath arcs? How the Late Jurassic (160–150 Ma), and a sec- much of the crustal thickening is tectonic ond, more voluminous one in the Late versus magmatic? Are batholiths riding on and Magmatic Cretaceous (100–85 Ma). These magmatic major thrust faults or emplaced along flare-ups cannot be explained solely by major strike-slip faults? Is magmatism in increases in convergence rates and mag- major arcs steady state, and how do mag- Flare-Ups matic additions from the mantle. Isotopic matic rates correlate with plate conver- data on xenoliths and midcrustal expo- gence rates? sures suggest that North American lower Mesozoic arc rocks of the western crustal and lithospheric mantle was un- North American Cordillera (Anderson, derthrusted beneath accreted rocks in the 1990) are exposed throughout California arc area. The Late Cretaceous flare-up is (Fig. 1) and once formed a continuous proposed to be the result of this major belt that has since been dismembered by west dipping–lithospheric scale thrusting, Cenozoic tectonism. This paper presents an event that preceded flare-up by an updated view on the composition, ~15–25 m.y. I suggest that the central part structure, and tectonic evolution of the of the arc shut off at ~80 Ma because the magmatic arc of California. source became melt-drained and not be- Mihai Ducea, University of Arizona, cause of refrigeration from a shallowly SETTING Department of Geosciences, subducting slab. The California arc formed as a product Tucson, AZ 85721, USA, of the prolonged subduction of ocean [email protected] INTRODUCTION floor beneath
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