1 LỜI NÓI ĐẦU Kính Thưa Quý Thầy, Cô, Các Bạn Sinh Viên Thân Mến

LỜI NÓI ĐẦU Kính thưa quý Thầy, Cô, Các bạn sinh viên thân mến, Với tinh thần “học tốt để có một nghề nghiệp vững chắc, một tương lai tươi sáng cùng khát vọng vươn xa”, chúng em – sinh viên các dòng lớp HD03 – 10, QTLH 03 – 10 khoa Lữ hành – cùng bắt tay thực hiện quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh – chuyên ngành lữ hành. Quyển sổ tay bao gồm 878 từ liên quan đến các tuyến du lịch đi và về trong ngày: 438 từ - Tuyến nội thành Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. 180 từ - Tuyến Củ Chi. 260 từ - Tuyến TPHCM – Tiền Giang – Bến Tre. Hơn 6 tháng cùng thu thập tài liệu và biên soạn quyển sổ tay, chúng em đã học được nhiều điều bổ ích. Trong thời gian thực hiện quyển sổ tay, chúng em đã nhận được sự quan tâm và chỉ đạo của Ban Giám hiệu đồng thời là Ban cố vấn. Những bản thảo của chúng em được cô Dương Thị Kim Phụng và cô Đoàn Thị Kiều Nga cẩn thận chỉnh sửa nhiều lần. Thầy Nguyễn Hữu Công đã rất nhiệt tình hỗ trợ chúng em về mặt kỹ thuật. Chúng em trân trọng kính gởi đến quý Thầy, Cô lời chân thành cảm ơn vì tất cả những gì Thầy Cô đã luôn dành cho chúng em và các bạn sinh viên trong trường. Chúng em xin được xem việc biên soạn quyển sổ tay như một trong những hoạt động của sinh viên khoa Lữ hành trong chuổi các hoạt động kỷ niệm 25 năm thành lập trường Cao đẳng Nghề Du lịch Sài Gòn (1991 – 2016).

Chúng em hy vọng quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh chuyên ngành lữ hành sẽ là một tư liệu nhỏ góp thêm một phần khiêm tốn vào việc học tập tiếng anh của sinh viên khoa Lữ hành. Dù đã rất cố gắng nhưng chắc chắn chúng em vẫn có những sai sót. Chúng em xin được lắng nghe những lời chỉ dạy của tất cả quý Thầy, Cô trong trường và đón nhận những góp ý của các bạn sinh viên. Nhóm biên soạn Phạm Thị Hồng Thắm – HD03 – nhóm trưởng tuyến Mỹ Tho – Bến Tre và các thành viên. Trần Ngọc Lữ Phong – HD10 – nhóm trưởng tuyến Củ Chi và các thành viên. Đào Đức Duy Khang – LH05 – nhóm trưởng tuyến nội thành TPHCM và các thành viên.

LỜI NGỎ

Nhân sự kiện kỷ niệm 25 năm thành lập trường Cao đẳng Nghề Du lịch Sài Gòn (1991 – 2016), trong khuôn khổ nội dung sinh hoạt chuyên đề được tổ chức định kỳ hàng quý nhằm bổ sung kiến thức và kỹ năng cho sinh viên, sinh viên khoa Lữ hành đã cùng nhau thực hiện quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh - chuyên ngành lữ hành với mong muốn được cùng trau dồi tiếng Anh, chuẩn bị tốt cho công việc tương lai trong ngành du lịch.

Được sự đồng ý và cố vấn của Ban Giám hiệu nhà trường, sinh viên khoa Lữ hành đã bắt đầu biên soạn quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh - chuyên ngành lữ hành từ tháng 06/2016 và hoàn thành vào tháng 02/2017. Tổ bộ môn Nghiệp vụ hướng dẫn khoa Lữ hành trân trọng giới thiệu cùng quý Thầy, Cô, các bạn sinh viên quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh.

Cảm ơn sự quan tâm và những ý kiến đóng góp của quý Thầy Cô và các bạn sinh viên để quyển sổ tay từ ngữ Việt – Anh có thể góp một phần nhỏ vào việc học ngoại ngữ của sinh viên khoa Lữ hành.

Tháng 03/2017

Tổ bộ môn Nghiệp vụ hướng dẫn – khoa Lữ hành.

MỤC LỤC

NGUYEN HUE WALKING STREET ...... 5

THE VIETNAM HISTORY MUSEUM ...... 19

THIEN HAU TEMPLE = TUỆ THÀNH ASSEMBLY HALL ...... 77

INDEPENDENCE PALACE ...... 94

TOUR OF CU CHI TUNNELS...... 124

MY THO – BEN TRE TOUR ...... 155

NGUYEN HUE WALKING STREET ST TIẾNG TIẾNG ANH PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TẾ GỢI Ý CÁCH DÙNG T VIỆT Bach Dang Wharf is in the centre of District 1, near the Monument of General Tran Hung Dao which was built on Ton Duc Thang Bến Bạch BrE /wɔ ː f/ 1 Bach Dang Wharf Street to commemorate the Đằng AmE /wɔ ː rf/ glorious victory against the Yuanmeng invaders in 1288 on the Bach Dang River.

Nguyen Hue walking street is chosen as a place for big events of Ho Chi Minh city Biểu diễn 2 Art performance /ɑː rt/ /pə rˈ fɔː rmə ns/ as parades, meetings, street nghệ thuật festivals, culture exhibitions, art performances, etc.  Ban something Cấm/Khôn Ex: There is a campaign 3 Ban (v) /bæn/ g cho phép to ban smoking in public places.

 ban somebody from something Ex: He was banned from the meeting.  ban somebody from doing something Ex: He was banned from driving for six months.  As schedule, on week days, vehicles are still allowed to run along Nguyen Hue street, but from 6pm to 1am on Saturday and Sunday, all kinds of vehicles are banned to travel here. The area of President Ho Chi Minh Statue Park has Cây sứ the lotus pond, two lines of 4 White frangipani /waɪ t/ /ˌ frændʒ iˈ pæni/ (trắng) white frangipanis and a lot of colorful flowers and trees. - It is almost 2 meters in 5 Chiều cao Height (n) /haɪ t/ height.

- She is the same height as her sister. - The Nguyen Hue walking street includes 2 areas with 670m in total length and 60m in width. 6 Chiều dài Length (n) /leŋθ/ - This room is twice the length of the kitchen. - The river is 300 miles in length. -It's about 10 metres in 7 Chiều rộng Width (n) /wɪ dθ/ width. There are many young Ảnh chụp 8 Selfie (n) /ˈ selfiː / people using their iPhones tự sướng or iPads to take selfies. - We visited the world- famous Hollywood Boulevard. - In 1956, the Charner Boulevard (n) BrE /ˈ buː lə vɑː d/ 9 Đại lộ Boulevard was renamed (abbreviation Blvd.) AmE /ˈ bʊ lə vɑː rd/ Nguyen Hue Boulevard and became the most beautiful street in Sai Gon at that time. Đèn chiếu Modern art lighting system /ˈ mɑː də rn//ɑː rt//ˈ laɪ tɪ ŋ The square is also equipped 10 sáng / with modern art lighting and water music systems. 7

The parade is held every Parade (n) 11 Diễu hành /pə ˈ reɪ d/ year. Meeting

Ghế dài/ghế He was found asleep on a 12 Bench (n) /bentʃ / băng dài park bench. - I’m going to spend the weekend just relaxing. 13 Giải trí Relax (v) /rɪ ˈ læks/ - When I get home from work I like to relax with a glass of wine. Idioms: “be Giầy Pa- Roller-skate (n) 14 /ˈ roʊ lə r/ /skeɪ t/ skating/walking on thin tanh (also skate) ice” = to be taking a risk  an early morning mist = sương sớm  Spraying system is arranged in the tree lines to cool the air, prevent dust and Hệ thống 15 Spraying system(n) /spreɪ -iŋ//ˈ sɪ stə m/ create humidity for phun sương trees.  Spraying systems will work in the distance among trees to keep the square cool.

Hồ sen Lotus pond /ˈ loʊ tə s/ /pɒ nd/ The area of President Ho Chi Minh Statue Park has a lotus pond, two lines of 16 white frangipanis and a lot of colorful flowers and trees. BrE /ˈ pɪ kpɒ kɪ t/ Watch out for pickpockets, 17 Kẻ móc túi Pickpocket (n) AmE /ˈ pɪ kpɑː kɪ t/ especially in crowded places, please! On occasion of 40th anniversary of Southern Liberation – Vietnam Reunification and 125–year Khánh birthday anniversary of 18 Inaugurate (v) /ɪ ˈ nɔ ː ɡ jə reɪ t/ thành president Ho Chi Minh, Saigon inaugurated Monument of President Ho Chi Minh at Nguyen Hue walking street.  a hotel in the heart of downtown Khu thương  The Nguyen Hue 19 mại/Khu Downtown (n/adj/adv) /ˌ daʊ nˈ taʊ n/ Pedestrian/walking buôn bán Street is located in downtown Dictrict 1, Ho Chi Minh City.

- The Disabled people = người khuyết tật. - Wheelchair Path = lối đi dành riêng cho người Disable (v) /dɪ sˈ eɪ bl/ khuyết tật (ngồi xe lăn) 20 Khuyết tật  Disabled (adj) /dɪ sˈ eɪ bld/

 Disability (n) /ˌ dɪ sə ˈ bɪ lə ti/ -Pavement parking is dangerous for wheelchair users and other disabled people. Mạng không dây The Nguyen Hue Walking 21 (sử dụng Wi-fi(n) /ˈ waɪ faɪ / Street provides free Wi-Fi sóng vô 24/24 to serve visitors. tuyến) Nhà tạo hình bong Balloon artist Artists are making stunning 22 /bə ˈ luː n//ˈ ɑː rtɪ st/ bóng nghệ toys from balloons. thuật In addition, 160 benches and two Nhà vệ sinh Public underground/public 23 /ˈ pʌ blɪ k//ˈ tɔɪ lə t/ công cộng bathroom/toilet/rest-room restrooms have been put along the square to serve visitors. The square has also 24 Nhạc nước Water music system /ˈ wɔ ː tə r//ˈ mjuː zɪ k/ installed modern art 10

lighting and water music systems. The modern art lighting and water music systems have also been installed in the square.  Vietnam in the 1980s through French Nhiếp ảnh BrE /fə ˈ tɒɡrə fə (r)/ photographer’s lens. 25 Photographer (n) gia AmE /fə ˈ tɑ ː ɡ rə fə r/  Photogenic (adj) /ˌ foʊ toʊ ˈ dʒ enɪ k / = ăn ảnh  The excitement of seeing a live band.  They play in a rock 26 Nhóm nhạc Band/Group /bænd/ band.  She sings in a rock group. Franchise (n) /ˈ fræntʃ aɪ z/  Brand-name Nhượng  Franchiser/franchiso franchise = Nhượng quyền r (n): doanh nghiệp quyền thương hiệu Kinh doanh bán franchise/quyền 27  The coffee-shop /nhượng kinh doanh franchise = (Chuỗi quyền  Franchisee (n):doanh cửa hàng) Cà phê thương mại nghiệp mua nhượng quyền franchise/

 quyền kinh doanh  He’s got a job as  Management manager of a burger franchise = nhượng franchise. quyền có tham gia  He runs a local pizza quản lý (chuỗi khách franchise. sạn lớn như Holiday  a catering franchise Inc, Marriott,..) in the fast-food  Full business format industry franchise = nhượng  Non-business format quyền mô hình kinh franchise = nhượng doanh toàn diện quyền mô hình kinh (KFC, Subway, doanh không toàn McDonald’s, diện Starbucks, Phở 24) + Nhượng quyền phân phối sản phẩm, dịch vụ (product distribution franchise): như sơ mi cao cấp Pierre Cardin cho An Phước, Foci, chuỗi cà phê Trung Nguyên… + Nhượng quyền công thức sản xuất sản phẩm và tiếp thị (marketing

franchise): như CocaCola.  a firework(s) display  They set off fireworks in their back garden. BrE /ˈ faɪəwɜ ː k/ 28 Pháo hoa Firework (n)  The firework show is AmE /ˈ faɪərwɜ ː rk/ part of the activities in commemoration of the Reunification Day, April 30 and Labor Day, May 1.  Đường hoa = The Flower Street.  The old Nguyen Hue Flower Street now becomes a square and the first walking Pedestrian Street 29 Phố đi bộ /pə ˈ destriə n//striː t/ street of Saigon. = Walking Street  Nguyen Hue walking street stretches from the building of Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee to Bach Dang Wharf,

fronting the Saigon River.  Underground trade centers of the first metro route project Ben Thanh-Suoi Tien will be connected with the walking street in the future. Behind Uncle Ho’s Statue, there is a stele inscribing the presentation of Southern Interim Stele(n) 30 Tấm bia /ˈ sti:li/ Administrative (danh từ số nhiều: stelae) Committee (Ủy ban hành chính lâm thời miền Nam) after the success of August Revolution in 1945. Near the end of the Nguyen Hue walking street, there is a 500-square meter 31 Tầng hầm Basement(n) /ˈ beɪ smə nt/ basement which consists of rooms used to control water shows and monitor activities above.

Tầng lớp Youth (n) /juː θ/ The Ho Chi Minh City thanh (pl. youths /juː ðz/ ) Youth Cultural House = 32 niên/Tuổi Nhà Văn Hóa Thanh Niên. trẻ Bitexco Financial Tower is the tallest skyscraper in Ho Tòa nhà 33 Skyscraper /ˈ skaɪ skreɪ pə r/ Chi Minh City and the chọc trời second tallesttower in Vietnam.  The exhibition is on view from 11 April to 5 July.  Idioms: “make an exhibition of 34 Triễn lãm Exhibition(n) /ˌ eksɪ ˈ bɪʃn/ yourself” = to behave in a bad or stupid way in public. Ex: I’m afraid Frank got drunk and made an exhibition of himself.  a bronze/marble statue. 35 Tượng đài Statue (n) /ˈ stætʃ uː /  The statue stands in one of the main squares.

 Uncle Ho’s copper statue with the height of 7.2m, facing to Sai Gon River, has been put up in the area of President Ho Chi Minh Statue Park.  underground / subway / metro / tube A city’s underground railway/railroad system is usually called the underground (often the Metro line BrE /ˈ metrəʊ/ Tuyến xe Underground) in British 36 AmE /ˈ metroʊ / điện ngầm English and the subway in = Subway (n) /ˈ sʌ bweɪ / North American English. The Metro is the name for the systems in Paris and Washington, D.C. London’s system is often called the Tube.  to ride (on) a BrE /ˈ skeɪ tbɔ ː d/ skateboard. 37 Ván trượt Skateboard (n)  (v) AmE /ˈ skeɪ tbɔ ː rd/  I used to skateboard in the streets.

 Pavement artist = sidewalk artist = họa sĩ đường phố  A pavement café = cà phê lề đường Ex: There are plenty of Pavement (n) attractive restaurants 38 Vỉa hè /ˈ peɪ vmə nt/ Sidewalk (n) and pavement cafes.  Don’t ride your bike on the pavement!  A narrow pavement ran along the side of the road.

*Motor vehicles (= cars, Xe BrE /ˈ viː ə kl/ buses, lorries/trucks, etc.) 39 cộ/phương Vehicle (n) AmE /ˈ viː ə kl/ or -The city centre is off- tiện cơ giới /ˈ viː hɪ kl/ limits to wheeled vehicles. Shaking mangoes.  Trái cây lắc = Xoài “lắc” Shaking fruits Customers are waiting for 40 (street  Phô mai que = /ˈ ʃ eɪ kɪ ŋ/ /ˈ mæŋɡ oʊ / “shaking mangoes” food) Cheese stick(s) outside a stall on Nguyễn  Bánh tráng trộn Huệ Street in District 1. “thần thánh” = The

ultimate mixed rice- paper  Bánh tráng nướng = Vietnamese grilled rice-paper with egg  Phá lấu = Offals braised in coconut juice

THE VIETNAM HISTORY MUSEUM Designed and built by the French in 1927 and finished in 1929, the museum was originally named Museé Blanchard de La Brosse. Later it was renamed The National Museum of Saigon in 1956 and the Vietnam History Museum in HCM city in 1979. There are more than 17.000 exhibits illustrating the evolution of Vietnamese history and the cultures of Southern provinces and some Asian countries. They are displayed in 18 showrooms: 1. Prehistoric period (about 500.000 years ago – 2879 B.C) 2. Metal age – National building under the Hùng Kings (2879 B.C – 179 B.C) 3. Chinese occupation – The struggle for independence (179 B.C – 938) 4. Ngô – Đinh – Early Lê – Lý dynasties (939 – 1225) 5. Trần – Hồ dynasties (1226 – 1407) 6. Champa culture (2nd – 17th centuries) 7. Oc Eo culture (1st – 7th centuries) 8. Buddhist statues from various Asian countries 9. Posterior Lê – Mạc – Lê Trịnh – Nguyễn Lords dynasties (1428 – 1788) 10. The cannons (18th – 19th centuries) 11. Tay Son dynasty (1771 – 1802) 12. Nguyen dynasty (1802 – 1945) 13. Cambodia stone carvings (9th – 13th centuries) 14. Asian ceramics 15. The mummy in Xom Cai – HCM City 16. The Vuong Hong Sen collection 17. Minority cultures from Southern Provinces 18. Special exhibition area/ Shorterm.

THE VIETNAM HISTORY MUSEUM Room 1: Prehistoric period (about 500.000 years ago – 2879 B.C) THỜI TIỀN SỬ ST TIẾNG PHIÊN ÂM TIẾNG ANH GỢI Ý CÁCH DÙNG T VIỆT QUỐC TẾ Bén, sắt, Sharp (adj) BrE /ʃɑː p/ A pencil-sharpener = đồ chuốt bút chì 1 nhọn  Sharpen (v) NAmE /ʃɑː rp/ A knife-sharpener = đồ mài dao 2 Bộ xương Skeleton (n) /ˈ skelɪ tn/ The human skeleton consists of 206 bones.

3 Cái nôi Cradle (n) /ˈ kreɪ dl/

Vietnam is one of the human cradles in the Southeast Asian.  Chopping Tool = công cụ chặt/cắt In archaeology a chopping tool is a stone tool. 4 Công cụ Tool (n) /tuː l/ The history of human technology begins with the discovery of how to give stone a cutting edge. At the beginning of the Bronze Age, the Viet tribe 5 Cư trú Settle (n) /ˈ setl/ groups had settled down in the North and in the North of Central Vietnam. BrE /ˈ leðə (r)/ In the Stone Age most clothing was made of leather 6 Da thuộc Leather (n) NAmE /ˈ leðə r/ or fur.

*Archeologists have found the trace of the period of Dấu vết/vết 7 Trace (n) /treɪ s/ Homo Erectus in cave Tham Khuyen and Tham Hai tích in the mountainous Northern province of Lang Son. BrE /ˈ vestɪ dʒ / According to archaeological vestiges, the earliest Di chỉ/ dấu 8 Vestige (n) NAmE human being existed in Northern Vietnam about vết /ˈ vestɪ dʒ / 500.000 years ago.

BrE /ˈ pɒ tə ri/ Pottery (n) 9 Đồ đất nung NAmE (pl. potteries) /ˈ pɑː tə ri/

The typical tools of these periods include choppers, flake tools, natural and polished hand axes and pottery fragments.

BrE /ˈ tʃɒpə (r)/ Dụng cụ 10 Chopper (n) NAmE chặt/cắt /ˈ tʃɑː pə r/

The chopper has a round, semi-oval or almost straight cutting edge. *Polytheism BrE (n) = the belief Đa thần* /ˈ pɒ liθiɪ zə m/ *Monotheism (n) độc thần (tín ngưỡng) 11 in or worship (tín ngưỡng) NAmE *Nature worship (n) Vạn vật hữu linh/Tô-tem giáo of more than /ˈ pɑː liθiɪ zə m/ one god. Hái lượm/ Gather (v) The primitive people made a living by hunting and 12 /ˈ ɡ æðə r/ thu nhặt Gathering (n) gathering. /keɪ v/ *The area contains vast underground cave systems. Cave (n) /ˈ ɡ rɑː toʊ / *Caves around the world contain information in Hang/động  Grotto (n) various forms about the ancient history of planet 13 (thiên nhiên, hang nhỏ, Earth. lớn) có tính chất *Throughout history, primitive people have made use nhân tạo of caves for shelter, burial, or as religious sites.

What is the difference between a fossil and an artifact? BrE /ˈ fɒ sl/ - The main difference between fossils and artifacts is 14 Hóa thạch Fossil (n) that fossils are preserved remains of living things NAmE /ˈ fɑː sl/ whereas artifacts are the remains of things that were made by humans. While artifacts have a historical value, fossils also have a scientific value. BrE Archaeology /ˌ ɑː kiˈɒlə dʒ i (n) /  Archaeologi Archaeologists found Paleolithic vestiges in Đọ NAmE cal (adj) Mount (Thanh Hoa Province) and Sơn Vi (Phu Tho /ˌ ɑː rkiˈ ɑ ː lə d 15 Khảo cổ học thuộc về Province); Mesolithic ones in Hoa Binh and ʒ i/ khảo cổ Neolithic ones in Bắc Sơn.

 Archaeologi

st (n) nhà /ˌ ɑː rkiˈ ɑ ː lə d khảo cổ học ʒɪ st/

Stone Age (n) /stoʊ n/ /eɪ dʒ /

* The Stone Age was a time in history when early  Paleolithic /ˌ pæliə ˈ lɪ θɪ k/ humans used tools and weapons made out of stone. (Old Stone * The Stone Age is usually divided into three separate 16 Kỳ đồ đá Age) = Kỳ periods: Paleolithic Period, Mesolithic Period, and đồ đá cũ /,mesou'liθik/ Neolithic Period; based on the level in the fashioning  Mesolithic and use of tools. (Middle

Stone Age):

thời kỳ đồ /ˌ niː ə ˈ lɪ θɪ k/ đá giữa  Neolithic (New Stone Age): thời kỳ đồ đá mới  The animal is hunted for its fur.  Animal skins were the first material for the clothing of primitive man. 17 Lông thú Fur (n) /fɜ ː r/ Later fur became an important part of trade, a measure of the calculation, as well as an essential symbol of high status, material well- being and luxury. 18 Mảnh vỡ Fragment (n) /ˈ fræɡ mə nt/  a few tiny fragments of glass BrE Human civilization started in Vietnam a very long /ˌ sɪ və laɪ ˈ zeɪ time ago. In fact, archaeologists have found vestiges Nền văn Civilization 19 ʃ n/ NAmE of Homo Erectus in the caves of Lang Son and Nghe minh (n) /ˌ sɪ və lə ˈ zeɪ An Provinces. ʃ n/ Nguyên  Primitive man = Người nguyên thủy 20 Primitive (adj) /ˈ prɪ mə tɪ v/ thủy/Ban sơ  Primitive language Stone axes dating back to 3,000-4,000 years ago 21 Rìu (búa) Axe (n) /æks/ wereexcavated in the Central Highlands province of Kon Tum in 2000.

The primitive people made a living by hunting and 22 Săn bắt Hunting (n) /ˈ hʌ ntɪ ŋ/ gathering. Sau công A.D. = Anno A.D. comes from Latin Anno Domini meaning "In 23 /ˌ eɪ ˈ diː / nguyên Domini the year of Our Lord".  Decade = a period of ten years, especially a continuous period, such as 1910–1919 or Thập kỷ (10 /ˈ dekeɪ d/ or 24 Decade (n) 2000–2009 năm) /dɪ ˈ keɪ d/  the early decades of the 19th century = thập niên đầu của thế kỷ 19.  the 20th century = AD 1901–2000 or 1900– 1999 Thế kỷ (100 Century (n) 25 /ˈ sentʃəri/  half-century = a period of 50 years năm) (pl. centuries)  The city’s population doubled during the 19th century. Millennium Thiên niên (n)  the second millennium AD/ the book is a 26 kỷ (1000 /mɪ ˈ leniə m/ Millennia history of the last two millennia. năm) (plu.) Prehistoric people believed that all natural objects, Prehistoric /ˌ priː hɪ ˈ stɔ ː r including living creatures, had a soul or spirit, 27 Tiền sử (adj) ɪ k/ which existed separately and independently of its Prehistory (n) /ˌ priːˈhɪ stri/ physical being. Tồn tại/sống  A temple existed here hundreds of years ago. 28 Exist (v) /ɪɡˈ zɪ st/ sót  The problem only exists in your head, Jack.

Primitive men collected snails, oysters and other kind Jewellry/Jewel 29 Trang sức /ˈ dʒ uː ə lri/ of mollusks along the sea-shore for food. Then they ry (n) also used shells to make basic jewelry.

/ˌ biːˈsiː / Trước công B.C. = Before 30 /bɪ ˈ fɔ ː r/ nguyên Christ /kraɪ st/

Primitive men collected snails, oysters and other kind 31 Vỏ ốc biển Sea-shell (n) /siː /- /ʃ el/ of mollusks along the sea-shore for food. Then they also used shells to make basic jewelry. Room 2: Metal Age – National building under the Hùng Kings (2879 B.C – 179 B.C) THỜI KIM KHÍ – VUA HÙNG DỰNG NƯỚC The people of Van Lang State, known as the Lac Bộ tộc/Bộ 32 Tribe (n) /traɪ b/ Viet, settled in and around the Deltas of the Red lạc River, the Mã River and the Lam River.

Gươm/kiếm/ 33 Sword (n) /sɔ ː rd/ đao

Japanese swords are very famous because they are sharp and strong.  A clay mould is used for casting bronze statues. Mould (n) BrE /məʊld/  Pour the chocolate into a heart-shaped mould. 34 Khuôn đúc (especially US NAmE /moʊ ld/ English mold)  It took many months to create the sculpture mould for the drum, which follows the Ngoc Lu drum-type. Mô  Her style of painting has been imitated by 35 phỏng/bắt Imitate (v) /ˈ ɪ mɪ teɪ t/ other artists. chước  Art imitates Nature.

Arrow (n)  Arrowhead /ˈ ærəʊ/ 36 Mũi tên (n) đầu /ˈ æroʊ / mũi tên

Rough Guides Snapshot Vietnam: Hanoi (By Rough Guides)

Nắp đậy 37 Lid (n) /lɪ d/ Mi mắt  The Sa Huynh culture cremated adults and buried them in jars covered with lids, a practice unique to the culture.  Sa Huynh culture in the Central Coastal Lowlands is renowned for its jar-shaped tombs. (mộ chum) The Dong Son Bronze Drum is decorated with 38 Nghi lễ Ritual (adj-n) /ˈ rɪ tʃ uə l/ geometric patterns, scenes of daily life and war, animals and birds, and boats.

The drums were used as musical instruments in festivals, such as prayers for rain, for good harvest and rituals, such as weddings and funerals, as well as command in army. The 1st feudal state of ancient Vietnam is Van Lang 39 Phong kiến Feudal /ˈ fjuː dl/ State, which was established and ruled by Hung Kings in the 6th century BC.  The Viet Khe ancient coffin is of the boat- shaped one (also called hollowed-out tree trunk burial). This type of grave is often found BrE /ˈ kɒ fɪ n/ in low land areas near the river. The Viet Khe 40 Quan tài Coffin (n) NAmE coffin was unearthed in 1961 in Ngoc Khe /ˈ kɔ ː fɪ n/ village, Viet Khe commune, Thuy Nguyen district, Hai Phong city.  The coffin was viewed as a boat which carried the dead to “the other world” In many countries, it is a convention to wear black at funerals. The funeral will be held next Priday. * Hỏa táng = cremation (n) /krə ˈ meɪʃn/ 41 Tang lễ Funeral (n) /ˈ fjuː nə rə l/ * Địa táng = Burial (n) /ˈ beriə l/ * Thủy táng = Water Burial * Không táng = Sky Burial * Động táng = Cave Burial Thành trì Citadel (n) /ˈ sɪ tə də l/ Co Loa Citadel is the oldest citadel in Vietnam 42 Thành lũy = Rampart (n) /ˈ sɪ tə del/ which was built by Thuc An Duong Vuong King/

Thuc Phan – King An Duong Vuong in the 3rd century BC. There were 3 major cultures in Vietnam in the 1st Thời đại kim 43 Metal Age /ˈ metl/ /eɪ dʒ / millennium BC (Metal Age): Dong Son, Sa Huynh khí and Dong Nai. Dug-out canoe Thuyền độc /ˈ dʌɡaʊ t/ = Dug-out (type of light narrow boat) made by 44 (Hollowed-out mộc /kə ˈ nuː / cutting out the inside of a tree trunk tree trunk) Dong Son culture in the Red River Delta is known 45 Trống đồng Bronze Drum /brɑː nz/ for its elaborate bronze drums. 46 Vại/lọ/bình Jar (n) /dʒɑː r/ She filled the jars with the tomato sauce. Education is the only weapon to fight the spread of 47 Vũ khí Weapon (n) /ˈ wepə n/ the disease. Room 3: Chinese occupation/domination – The struggle for independence (179 B.C – 938) THỜI BẮC THUỘC – ĐẤU TRANH GIÀNH LẠI ĐỘC LẬP The Hai Ba Trung (Trung Sisters) Temple Festival is held annually on lunar January 6 in Me Linh BrE /ˈ hɪərəʊ/ Commune, Me Linh District, Hanoi. It is the Hero (n) 48 Anh hùng NAmE /ˈ hɪ roʊ / birthplace of the two sisters Trung Trac and Trung (pl. heroes) or /ˈ hiː roʊ / Nhi, two famous Vietnamese heroines who rode elephants to lead their troops to defeat the foreign invaders. /ˈ biː tl/  They preserved the custom and traditions of 49 Ăn trầu Betel chewing /tʃ uː ɪ ŋ/ tooth dyeing, betel chewing and tattooing.

In 225, another woman, Triệu Thị Trinh, popularly (The)Lady known as Lady Triệu, led another revolt which 50 Bà Triệu /ˈ leɪ di/ Triệu lasted until 248. Once again, the uprising failed and Triệu Thị Trinh threw herself into a river. Cái chậu/cái 51 Basin (n) /ˈ beɪ sn/ This object can be used as a basin or a drum. thau There were major uprisings against the Chinese rule during this period such as the Trung Sisiters Cai trị/điều 52 Rule (v)/(n) /ruː l/ (40 AD), Lady Trieu (248), Ly Nam De (542), Mai khiển Hac De (722), Phung Hung (791), Khuc Family (905).

Frog (n) BrE /frɒɡ/ ≠ 53 Con ếch NAmE /frɔ ː ɡ / , Fog (n) sương /frɑ ː ɡ / mù

Idioms: have a frog in your throat = bị khan tiếng Cuộc đấu Struggle  struggle (for something): 54 /ˈ strʌɡl/ tranh (n)/(v) Ex: a country struggling for independence 31

 struggle to do something: Ex: They struggled just to pay their bills.  struggle (against somebody/something) Ex: He struggled against cancer for two years.  struggle together = vật lộn/đánh nhau Ex: Ben and Jack struggled together on the grass. Cuộc nổi Rebellion (n) /rɪ ˈ beljə n/ 55 dậy/cuộc  The army put down the rebellion. = Revolt (n) /rɪ ˈ voʊ lt/ khởi nghĩa Speciality (n) (also specialty  Fermented pork rolls (nem chua) are seen as a 56 Đặc sản inNorth /ˌ speʃ iˈ ælə ti/ simple Thanh Hoa's specialty. American English) About the tourist attractions, the Ho Dynasty’s Citadel and Sam Son Beach are the most well- known names. Besides, Ba Trieu Pagoda, Holy Fish Pond and Ben En National Park are also very Điểm tham Tourist /ˈ tʊərɪ st/ 57 attractive. quan attraction /ə ˈ trækʃ n/ In the middle of June, 2012, the Ho Citadel was recognized by the UNESCO as one of the world heritages.

Đô hộ/thống Dominate (v) /ˈ dɑː mɪ neɪ t/ From 179 B.C. to 938 A.D., China occupied this 58 trị Occupy (v) /ˈ ɑː kjupaɪ / country.

Slash-and- burn Đốt nương /slæʃ /-/ænd/- They made a living by fishing, hunting and slash- 59 agriculture làm rẫy /bɜ ː rn/ and burn agriculture. = Fire-fallow cultivation  They preserved the custom and traditions of 60 Gìn giữ Preserve (v) /prɪ ˈ zɜ ː rv/ tooth dyeing, betel chewing and tattooing. In North Vietnam the people resented Chinese rule and in 40 AD the Trung Sisters led a rebellion at Mê Linh district (present day Vĩnh Phúc). However in 43 Hai Bà The Trung 61 /ˈ sɪ stə r/ AD the Chinese crushed the rebellion and the sisters Trưng Sisters killed themselves. To this day, the Trưng Sisters are revered in Vietnam as the national symbol of Vietnamese women. The decoration combines motifs of Đông Sơn culture and those of the Han culture – creating a rather imaginative coordination. It may represent a Hợp Legitimate “legitimate” way of preserving the Đông Sơn 62 pháp/đúng /lɪ ˈ dʒɪ tɪ mə t/ (adj) culture of the ancient Vietnamese. luật Her passport seemed legitimate, but on closer inspection, it was found to have been altered.

The Drum is decorated with as few as four, frogs/ 63 Mặt trống drumhead (n) /'drʌ mhed/ four frogson the drumhead.

The independent period began from 905-931 when Nhà quản Administrator /ə dˈ mɪ nɪ streɪ t 64 the position of administrator was assumed by Khúc lý/quản trị (n) ə r/ Thừa Dụ.  Tooth dyeing = a custom of dyeing one's teeth black.  They preserved the custom and traditions of 65 Nhuộm răng Tooth dyeing /tuː θ/ /ˈ daɪɪŋ/ tooth dyeing, betel chewing and tattooing.  In Vietnam, tooth dyeing was practiced by the majority Vietnamese people as well as by minority ethnic groups. Custom (n)  an old/ancient custom ≠  the custom of giving presents at Christmas Phong 66 Customs (n) /ˈ kʌ stə m/  It's a local custom. tục/tục lệ /ˈ kʌ stə mz/  It is the custom in that country for women to = hải quan marry young. The decoration combines motifs of Đông Sơn Combine (v) culture and those of the Han culture – creating a Phối hợp/kết /'kɔ mbain/ 67  combination rather imaginative coordination. It may represent a hợp /,kɔ mbi'neiʃ n/ (n) “legitimate” way of preserving the Đông Sơn culture of the ancient Vietnamese. Tiếp quản/nắm When Khúc Thừa Dụ failed in 931, Dương Đinh 68 Take over /ˈ teɪ koʊ və r/ quyền kiểm Nghệ took over. soát Vợ lẽ "I'd like to ride storms, kill sharks in the open sea, 69 Concubine (n) /ˈ kɑː ŋkjubaɪ n/ Thiếp drive out the aggressors, reconquer the country,

Nàng hầu undo the ties of serfdom, and never bend my back to be the concubine of whatever man." “Tôi chỉ muốn cưỡi cơn gió mạnh, đạp luồng sóng dữ, chém cá trường kình ở biển Đông, lấy lại giang sơn, dựng nền độc lập, cởi ách nô lệ, chứ không chịu khom lưng làm tì thiếp cho người!” Tattoo (v-n) BrE /tə ˈ tuː /  They preserved the custom and traditions of 70 Xâm mình (pl. tattoos) NAmE /tæˈ tuː / tooth dyeing, betel chewing and tattooing. Room 4: Ngô – Đinh – Early Lê – Lý dynasties (939 – 1225) THỜI NGÔ – ĐINH – TIỀN LÊ – LÝ *This is the statue of Amitabha Buddha displayed in 71 A Di Đà Amitabha /ə miˈ t̪aː bə / Phật Tích Pagoda of Bắc Ninh Province.  The murder of Dinh Bo Linh in 979 brought a six-year-old Prince to the throne. Meanwhile the Sung dynasty had taken power in China BrE where order was restored. A Sung /ə ˈ sæsɪ neɪ t/ expeditionary corps was sent to reconquer 72 Ám sát Assassinate (v) NAmE Vietnam, which was also being attacked from /ə ˈ sæsə neɪ t/ the south by the Cham.  After King Dinh Tien Hoang and the Crown Prince Dinh Lien were assassinated, his commander-in-chief Le Hoan was enthroned. Poem (n) BrE /ˈ pə ʊ ɪ m/ General Lý Thường Kiệt, who defeated the Chinese 73 Bài thơ  Poet (n) nhà NAmE Song,wrote the poem considered as the first thơ/thi sĩ /ˈ poʊəm/ Declaration of Independence of Vietnam. 35

 Poetry (n) thơ ca/thi vị BrE /ˈ pə ʊ ɪ t/ NAmE /ˈ poʊət/ Bản sao/hiện  a replica of the Eiffel Tower 74 Replica (n) /ˈ replɪ kə / vật làm lại  a replica of the Buddha Queen Y Lan, accused of ordering the assassination Buộc tội/kết 75 Accuse (v) /ə ˈ kjuː z/ of one of her rivals, spent the rest of her life building tội 100 pagodas to redeem herself. Inspire (v) His confident leadership inspired his followers. Truyền cảm 76  Inspiration /ɪ nˈ spaɪər/ hứng (n)  Edict on the Transfer of the Capital = Chiếu Dời Đô  “This area is large and flat, high and bright, the population are not suffering from floods and darkness, everything is in full prosperity. After investigating all lands of Vietnam, this Chiếu (vua place is actually the gathering venue of people ban) 77 Edict (n) /ˈ iː dɪ kt/ from across the nation, the most appropriate Chỉ dụ Sắc lệnh place for eternal capital positioning. I want to take the most advantage from placing the capital here. What do you think, the court mandarins?” Vùng này đất rộng mà bằng phẳng, thế đất cao mà sáng sủa, dân cư không khổ cực tối tăm, vạn vật tươi tốt phồn thịnh. Xem khắp nước Việt đó

là nơi thắng địa, thực là chỗ tụ hội quan yếu của bốn phương, đúng là nơi thượng đô kinh sư mãi muôn đời. Trẫm muốn nhân địa lợi ấy mà định nơi ở, các khanh nghĩ thế nào? Dien Huu Pagoda, commonly known as the One- Chùa Một Pillar Pagoda and built in 1049, is a graceful One Pillar /wʌ n/ /ˈ pɪ lə r/ 78 Cột pavilion built on a stone pillar standing in the middle Pagoda /pə ˈ ɡ oʊ də / (Diên Hựu) of a pond, the whole complex resembling a lotus flower in bloom. 79 Chuộc lỗi Redeem (v) /rɪ ˈ diː m/ His good points redeem his faults 80 Địch thủ Rival (n) /ˈ raɪ vl/ She has no rival in the field of romantic fiction. When Le Hoan’s son, Le Long Dinh died in his Điện tiền chỉ /kɔ ː rt/ twenties, a Court General named Ly Cong Uan was 81 Court General huy sứ /ˈ dʒ enrə l/ enthroned. He established the Ly dynasty lasting from 1010 to 1225. Đề cao/ There’s no point buying him expensive wines – he 82 Đánh giá Appreciate (v) /ə ˈ priː ʃ ieɪ t/ doesn’t appreciate them. cao Ngo Quyen marked the end of the Chinese 83 Ghi dấu Mark (v) /mɑː rk/ domination by the victory at the Bach Dang River in 938. The Imperial Citadel of Thang Long was first Imperial Hoàng thành /ɪ mˈ pɪ riə l/ built during the Lý Dynasty and subsequently 84 Citadel of Thăng Long /ˈ sɪ tə del/ expanded by the Trần, Lê and finally the Nguyễn Thang Long Dynasty. 37

BrE /ˈ keɪɒs/ After Ngo Quyen’s death, Vietnam was in political Hỗn độn 85 Chaos (n) NAmE chaos and devastated by 12 Warlords. Lộn xộn /ˈ keɪɑː s “Vietnam’s territory is controlled by Vietnam’s Emperor; It was determined by the Providence. Territory (n) BrE /ˈ terə tri/ Any invader cannot occupy our country; 86 Lãnh thổ (pl. NAmE You will surely be defeated.” territories) /ˈ terə tɔ ː ri/ Nam Quốc Sơn Hà (Mountains and Rivers of the Southern Country) BrE /ɪ nˈ θrəʊn/ 87 Lên ngôi Enthrone (v) NAmE The Queen was enthroned in an ancient abbey. /ɪ nˈ θroʊ n/  a fertile region/valley Màu mỡ/phì BrE /ˈ fɜ ː taɪ l/ 88 Fertile (adj)  the product of a fertile brain/imagination/ nhiêu NAmE /ˈ fɜ ː rtl/ mind This is the woodblock of the “Chieu Doi Do” Wood-block (“Edict on the Transfer of the Capital” written by /wʊ d/- 89 Mộc bản = Wood- King Ly Cong Uan on the move of Vietnam’s /ɪ nˈ ɡ reɪ vɪ ŋ/ engraving capital from Hoa Lu to Dai La – Hanoi at present)

Ngoại xâm Le Hoan then led the people against the Chinese Sung 90 Invader (n) /ɪ nˈ veɪ də r/ Kẻ xâm lược invader and won the battle in 980. Hoàng Thái The wife of a crown prince is also titled crown 91 Crown Prince /kraʊ n/ /prɪ ns/ Tử princess.

Ly Thuong Kiet was the architect of the victory. He Nhà chính was a great politician who knew how to win the 92 Politician (n) /ˌ pɑː ləˈ tɪʃn/ trị hearts of the people and inspire his troops with enthusiasm. Chinese Sung / Song dynasty, Wade-Ciles Romanization Sung (960- /ˌ tʃ aɪ ˈ niː z/ 93 Nhà Tống Sung (Song) 1279), Chinese dynasty that ruled the country during /sʌ ŋ/ dynasty one of its most brilliant cultural epochs. *In the Ly Dynasty, Confucianism was highly appreciated.  appreciate somebody/something His talents are not fully appreciated in that company. /kə nˈ fjuː ʃənɪ 94 Nho giáo Confucianism Her family doesn't appreciate her. zə m/ Thanks for coming. I appreciate it. I would appreciate it if you paid in cash.  appreciate somebody doing something We would appreciate you letting us know of any problems. During the Lý Dynasty, Buddhism was the national religion. Many beautiful pagodas were built, some 95 Phật giáo Buddhism (n) /ˈ bʊ dɪ zə m/ of them have beenpreserved up to the present day, such as One Pillar Pagoda in Hanoi built in 1041 and Keo Pagoda in Thai Binh Province. Quốc Tử The royal /ˈ rɔ ɪ ə l/ In the Ly Dynasty, the Van Mieu (the Temple of 96 Giám college /ˈ kɑː lɪ dʒ / Literature) was built in 1070 by King Ly Thanh Tong

to worship Khong Tu/ Confucius, and the Quoc Tu Giam (the royal college) was built in 1076.

Ascending /ə ˈ send/ Ly Cong Uan, then called King Ly Thai To, moved Thăng Long Dragon /ˈ dræɡən/ the capital city from Hoa Lu to present Hanoi and 97 ≠ ≠ renamed it Thang Long (Ascending Dragon).The Hạ Long Descending /dɪ ˈ sendɪ ŋ/ country was renamed Dai Viet. Dragon /ˈ dræɡən/ Thập đạo Commander- After winning victory and ascending the throne, King tướng quân in-chief /kə ˈ mændə r/ 98 Dinh Tien Hoang appointed Le Hoan (as) = Tổng tư (abbreviation /tʃ iː f/ Commander – in – chief. lệnh C.-in-C.) This is the model of the battle against the Chinese 99 Trận đánh Battle (n) /ˈ bætl/ Sung at the Cau River in 1077. In 968, Dinh Bo Linh defeated the twelve lords and unified the country. He declared himself King and Tuyên BrE /dɪ ˈ kleə (r)/ named the country Dai Co Viet. This name remained 100 Declare (v) bố/công bố NAmE /dɪ ˈ kler/ throughout the Dinh Dynasty (968-980), Pre-Le Dynasty (980-1009) and the beginning of Ly Dynasty (1010-1225). The Declaration of Independence of the Democratic /ˌ deklə ˈ reɪʃn/ Tuyên ngôn Declaration of Republic of Vietnam was proclaimed by Uncle Ho on 101 /ˌ ɪ ndɪ ˈ pendə n độc lập Independence the 2nd of September, 1945 in Hanoi’s Ba Dinh s/ Square. The Temple of Literature opened not only for The Temple of /ˈ templ/ 102 Văn Miếu Mandarin’s children but also for the local people in Literature /ˈ lɪ trə tʃər/ 1253. 40

Vùng đồng Lowland /ˈ loʊ lə nd/ 103 The Red River Delta = Đồng bằng sông Hồng bằng Delta (n) /ˈ deltə / During this time, the capital city was moved from the Mountainous 104 Vùng núi /ˈ maʊ ntə nə s/ mountainous region Hoa Lư – Ninh Bình Province (adj) to Thang Long – the fertile area. Room 5: Trần – Hồ dynasties (1226 – 1407) THỜI TRẦN – HỒ BrE At the end of the Lý Dynasty, the Queen Lý Chiêu Chuyển giao /ˈ hændəʊvə (r)/ Hoàng got married to Trần Cảnh and handed over the 105 Handover (v) (quyền lực) NAmE throne to her husband. /ˈ hændoʊ və r/ These are the wooden stakes in 13th century. They 106 C ọc Stake (n) /steɪ k/ were planted on Bạch Đằng River bed for breaking out Mongols – Yuan aggressor’s warships. Pho Minh Tower, built in 1305, is 14 stories high with the lowest two levels made of stone and the 107 Đ ế/bệ đỡ Base (n) /beɪ s/ rest of brick. The base was shaped like a lotus flower emerging from the water. When the country was invaded by the Mongols, Call of General Tran Hung Dao, wrote a Call of Soldiers Hịch tướng Soldiers which is one of the jewels in the treasury of our 108 /ə ˈ piː l/ sĩ (Appeal = yêu national literature: cầu khẩn) “I can neither eat nor sleep, my heart aches, and tears trickle down from my eyes; I am enraged at

being unable yet to tear the enemy to pieces, pluck out his liver, taste his blood.” Kho tàng 109 Treasure (n) /'treʤə / The museum houses many priceless treasures. Kho báu Làm giận Plans to build a new night club in the neighborhood Enrage (v) 110 điên điên/nổi /ɪ nˈ reɪ dʒ / have engraged local residents. Enraged (adj) khùng Mạnh During this 400-year period the country experienced 111 Vigorous (adj) /ˈ vɪ ɡ ə rə s/ mẽ/mạnh liệt vigorous development in many fields. Mongolia (n) During the Tran Dynasty, the Mongols invaded Dai Nước Mông 112 Mongol: người Viet 3 times and they were all defeated. Cổ Mông Cổ Buddhism was considered the national religion of the Tran dynasty. 113 Phái thiền Zen Sect /zen/ /sekt/ In 1307, the Truc Lam Zen Sect of Buddhism was founded by King Tran Nhan Tong. The Tran dragon differs from the Ly with its short fangs, sticking out horns and holding a pearl in its 114 Răng nanh Fang (n) /fæŋ/ mouth. In generally, the Tran Dynasty’s dragon is strong and the Ly Dynasty’s dragon is soft. Thao Due to the maneuvering of Trần Thủ Độ, Queen Lý Maneuver (v- túng/thủ Chiêu Hoàng abdicated the throne in favor of her 115 n) /mə ˈ nuː və r/ đoạn/điều husband Trần Cảnh (Trần Thái Tông King), =Manoeuvre khiển beginning a dynasty that lasted 175 years.

The King abdicated the throne when he was 35 and Thoái vị/từ 116 Abdicate (v) /ˈ æbdɪ keɪ t/ spent the rest of his life on Yen Tu Mountain ngôi practising and propagating Buddhism. At high tide, when the stakes remained hidden, he 117 Th ủy triều Tide (n) /taɪ d/ sent out small boats to lure Mongols’ warships to the trap.

Truyền Televion advertising propagates a false image of the 118 bá/ph ổ biến Propagate (v) /ˈ prɑː pəɡeɪ t/ ideal family. rộng rãi

Room 6: Champa culture (2nd – 17th centuries) VĂN HÓA CHĂMPA Ảnh Under the influence of Indian religions, the Cham 119 hư ởng/chi Influence (v-n) /ˈ ɪ nfluə ns/ worship Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma. In the 11th phối century, Islam was also a factor in Champa life. Protect (v) Vishnu is one of the principal Hindu deities,  Protection worshiped as the protector and preserver of the 120 B ảo vệ / hộ (n) /prə ˈ tekt/ world.  Protector (n) Bò thần In the oldest religion of the world, Hinduism, the 121 Sacred Cow /ˈ seɪ krɪ d/ /kaʊ / (Nadin) cow is thought to be sacred, or deeply respected. Chim thần Garuda is a vehicle of Vishnu (one of the three gods 122 Garuda Garuda of Hinduism) and the enemy of the snake Naga. 43

(vật cưỡi của In Champa sculpture, Garuda and Naga are often thần Vishnu) manifested in the position that Garuda is swallowing Naga snake in a fierce look. Destroy (v) Most of the old part of the city was destroyed by /dɪ ˈ strɔɪ / 123 H ủy diệt  Destruction bombs during the war. /dɪ ˈ strʌ kʃ n/ (n) The symbol of Shiva is the Linga which is also a A Male’s manifestation of a trinity with Shiva represented by 124 Linga penis /meɪ l/ /ˈ piː nɪ s/ the rounded head, Vishnu by the 8-sided mid-section = Yang and Brahma the 4-sided lower section. Lord of Ganesha, son of Shiva and Parvati, is represented in Success human form with an elephant head and a very large (The Hindu belly which has burst due to over-eating and which Phúc thần /lɔ ː rd/ /ə v/ 125 Elephant- had to be held together by the snake Naduki. (Ganesha) /sə kˈ ses/ Deity) The elephant- headed God On the festival, the leading monk takes the bottle of Rưới/rắc/rải/ holy water mixed with incense to sprinkle god status 126 Sprinkle (v-n) /ˈ sprɪ ŋkl/ tưới (statues made of stone is under the form of Mukhalinga – linga human face form.) /kriˈ eɪ t/ Shiva is honoured as the highest god by the Cham Create (v) /kriˈ eɪʃn/ people. Shiva is a god of destruction as well as  Creation (n) 127 Sáng tạo /kriˈ eɪ tɪ v/ creation that protects the Cham people. Shiva is  Creative /kriˈ eɪʃnɪ zə m often presented as a male god with three eyes. The (adj) / third eye in the middle of the forehead represents

 Creationism the sun, the moon and earthly fire, and is capable of (n) = thuyết seeing the past, present and future. sáng tạo In 1999, the complex known as “The Holy Land of 128 Thánh địa Holy Land /ˈ hoʊ li/ /lænd/ Mỹ Sơn” was recognized by UNESCO as a world heritage site. Under the influence of Indian religions, the Cham 129 Th ờ cúng Worship (v-n) /ˈ wɜ ː rʃɪp/ worship Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma. In the 11th century, Islam was also a factor in Champa life. “Breeding Fertility” Belief / Lingaism is a form of Lingaism (n) Tín ngưỡng human belief that came into being in the past in 130 = Breeding/ N/A phồn thực order to encourage mankind birth, zin-zang sexual Fertility Belief intercourse and the maintainance. Culture (n) /ˈ kʌ ltʃər/ 131 Văn hóa  Cultural /ˈ kʌ ltʃərə l/ (adj) A Female’s /ˈ fiː meɪ l/ The Yoni form in Cham culture is also diverse: reproductive 132 Yoni /ˌ riː prə ˈ dʌ ktɪ rectangular, squared, round shapes or decoration organ v/ /ˈ ɔ ː rɡən/ shaped like women’s breasts symbolise femininity. = Yin Room 7: Oc Eo culture (1st – 7th centuries) VĂN HÓA ÓC EO  any port in a storm = (saying) if you are in 133 C ảng thị Port (n) /pɔ ː rt/ great trouble, you take any help that is offered

(chết đuối vớ được cọc/ méo mó có hơn không) A gemstone bicephalous earring (khuyên tai hai Bicephalous đầu) is attached to the area behind the left ear. 134 Có hai đầu /bai'sefə lə s/ (adj) The earring also shows that 2500 years ago in Can Gio jewelry was used widely. Gemstone beads from the Dong Nai Culture date 135 Đá quý Gemstone /ˈ dʒ emstoʊ n/ back to 2,500 years ago. They were excavated in Can Gio District in 1995. Buddha stands on a lotus throne, draped in a robe Điệu bộ, cử which opens at the shoulders, the left hand holds the 136 Gesture (n) /ˈ dʒ estʃər/ chỉ fold of the robe while the right hand is in a gesture of blessing. Jaw  Top/Upper /dʒɔː / jaw = hàm This is the skull of a male aged about 30-40 years Hàm/quai 137 trên and shows a complete set of teeth on the upper and hàm  Bottom/Low lower jaws. er jaw = hàm dưới

138 H ộp sọ Skull (n) /skʌ l/

This is the skull of a male aged about 30-40 years and shows a complete set of teeth on the upper and lower jaws. BrE /ˈ dəʊti/ 139 Kh ố dài Dhoti Indian folk dancers dressed in dhotis. NAmE /ˈ doʊ ti/  Mukhalinga is a linga with one or more human faces.  The linga represents Shiva. The representation of mukhalinga originated Linga có in India and came to the Southern Vietnam 140 kh ắc mặt Mukhalinga /Miu:kə / after the Funan period. The image of Shiva is thần Siva carved in great details including eyes, nose, mouth, hair and earrings. The sacred mukhalinga is placed in the central hall for worship. Try the peppered scallops, shrimp, conch and whole 141 Ố c xà cừ Conch (n) /kɑː ntʃ / fish dishes in Hong Kong styles.

Golf balls, though they are covered with BrE /sfɪə(r)/ 142 Qu ả cầu Sphere (n) dimples, they are approximately spheres, not NAmE /sfɪ r/ perfectly. The 450ha Oc Eo relic is located in the area of Sap – Ba The Mountain, Thoai Son district, An Giang Commercial Province. The relic was first excavated by French 143 Thương mại /kə ˈ mɜ ː rʃ l/ (n-adj) archaeologist Louis Malleret in 1944 and is believed to have been a prosperous commercial port of the once-powerful Phu Nam kingdom 2,000 years ago. Unlike Champa where the Shiva God was revered, Lower Chenla (Thủy Chân Lạp) worshipped only Tôn Vishnu, god of preservation. BrE /rɪ ˈ vɪə(r)/ 144 sùng/sùng Revere (v) Statues of Vishnu are presented in a standing NAmE /rɪ ˈ vɪ r/ kính position, the lower body wrapped in a dhoti or sampot, the 4 hands hold a club, a conch shell, a horn and a sphere. Room 8: Buddhist statues from various Asian countries TƯỢNG PHẬT MỘT SỐ NƯỚC CHÂU Á This representation is based on a story from Buddhist legend: In his old age, while in the forest where there Pipal (Tree) 145 Cây bồ đề /ˈ pi:pl/ was a twin Pipal tree, Sakyamuni said to Ananda =Bodhi Tree “Let us set up a hammock with the head pointing toward the north. At midnight I will enter nirvana.”

Ananda hung the hammock between two Pipal trees. Buddha lay on the hammock, with his head pointing towards the north and one leg resting on the other in a position that aims to generate a clear-sighted spirit. Thus Buddha entered nirvana. Women were forbidden to enter the sanctuary in 146 Đi ện thờ Sanctuary (n) /ˈ sæŋktʃ ueri/ Myanmar.

147 Đ ứa bé Infant (n) /ˈ ɪ nfə nt/ She was seriously ill as an infant.

Statue of Buddha in Nirvana is represented lying 148 L ộ ra Reveal (v) /rɪ ˈ viː l/ sideway, wearing a monk’s robe that reveals the right shoulder. BrE The term “nirvana” is most commonly associated /nɪəˈ vɑː nə / with Buddhism, and representsits ultimate state of 149 Ni ết bàn Nirvana (n) NAmE soteriological release and liberation from rebirths in /nɪ rˈ vɑː nə / samsara. From the 15th century, Buddhism had substantial Buddha with a impact on the spiritual life of the Vietnamese and Phật bà thousand eyes was a source of inspiration for several excellent Quan Âm and hands 150 N/A architectural projects and sculptures such as But nghìn mắt Thousand Thap pagoda (Bac Ninh), and the wooden statue of nghìn tay hand Guan Buddha with a thousand eyes and hands/ the Yin thousand hand Guan Yin.

The Infant Buddha statue is common in the Vietnamese pagoda. Buddha at Presented as an infant wrapped in a short skirt it Phật Đản Birth /ˈ bʊ də / /ə t/ 151 stands on a lotus throne. Sanh (Infant /bɜ ː rθ/ The left hand points toward the sky while the right Buddha) hand points toward the earth in a gesture indicating Yin and Yang in harmony. In the 18th-19th centuries, the Buddhist sanctuary Buddha of the became more crowded with multiple statues of Future/ Buddhas and other deities including The /ˈ bʊ də / /ə v/ Maitreya fat,laughing Buddha of the future, the Arhats, and 152 Ph ật Di Lặc /ðə / Buddha the appearance of Infant Sakyamuni with Nine /ˈ fjuː tʃə(r)/ = Laughing Dragons. Buddha This was particularly the case in Northern Vietnam pagodas. Goddess of Goddess of Mercy is considered as a Guardian Quan Thế /ˈ ɡɒdə s/ /ə v/ 153 Mercy Angel of Buddhism. She can heal those who aresick Âm /ˈ mɜ ː rsi/ (Guan Yin) in the heart and body.

To the ancient Greeks, Zeus was the deity who ruled Deity (n) /ˈ deɪəti/ or 154 Th ần over the sky and weather, and Poseidon was god of (pl. deities) /ˈ diː ə ti/ the sea. Buddhism was founded by Sakyamuni in northern India around the 6th century B.C. After Sakyamuni attained nirvana, Buddhism spread Sakyamuni (n) everywhere: Thích Ca 155 Gautama  In the North: Mahayana Buddhism went to Mâu Ni Buddha Tibet, and Central Asia to China, Vietnam, Korea and Japan,  In the South: Theravada Buddhism went to Sri Lanka, South Asia and Southeast Asia.  Chinese/Japanese/Thai/Cambodian/Vietnames e Buddha Statues 156 Tư ợng Statue (n) /ˈ stætʃ uː /  Statue of Buddha in Nirvana  Infant Sakyamuni Statue Room 9: Posterior Lê – Mạc – Lê Trịnh – Nguyễn Lords dynasties (1428 – 1788) THỜI LÊ SƠ – MẠC – LÊ TRỊNH & CHÚA NGUYỄN BrE Manifesto (n) Bản tuyên /ˌ mænɪ ˈ festəʊ The 2nd Manifesto of Independence by Nguyen 157 (pl. ngôn / NAmE Trai. manifestos) /ˌ mænɪ ˈ festoʊ / In the Van Mieu, the stone steles were erected in 158 Bia đá Stone stele /stoʊ n/ /ˈ stiː lɪ / honor of excellent examinees.

This is a common Chu Đậu ceramic form of lime pot. Chu Dau ceramic was discovered and developed from the Tran, Le, Mac dynasties, and had its most prosperous time from 15th - 17th centuries.

159 Bình vôi Lime Pot /laɪ m/ /pɒ t/

BrE /ˈ pɔ ː treɪ t/, This is the portrait of Nguyen Trai, who wrote the /ˈ pɔ ː trə t/ Great Proclamation considered to be the 2nd 160 Chân dung Portrait (n) NAmE Manifesto/Declaration of Independence of Vietnam. /ˈ pɔ ː rtrə t/ Nguyen Hoang declared himself Lord in Phu Xuan in Chia 1600 and the civil war between the Trinh and Nguyen 161 c ắt/phân Partition (v-n) /pɑː rˈ tɪʃn/ families broke out until 1674 when Dai Viet was chia eventually partitioned. Chiếm ưu Predominate /prɪ ˈ dɑː mɪ ne At that time, Confucianism predominated. 162 thế (v) ɪ t/ In 1673 the Trinh Lord, Trinh Tac concludes a peace Chúa treaty with the Nguyen Lord, Nguyen Phuc Tan, and Nguyen Lord 163 Nguy ễn /lɔ ː rd/ so Vietnam was divided between the two ruling Trinh Lord Chúa Trịnh families. This division continued for the next 100 years. 52

Adopted They’re got two adopted children and one of their 164 Con nuôi child/son/daug /ə ˈ dɒ ptɪ d/ own. hter BrE /ˈ kɒ ŋkwest/ In 1471, King Le Thanh Tong finished the conquest Cuộc chinh 165 Conquest (n) NAmE of Champa. The country was expanded to the South. phạt /ˈ kɑː ŋkwest/ Dựng nên/ Build (v) /bild/ 166 xây dựng Erect (v) /ɪ ˈ rekt/ Giải Le Loi, the founder of the Le dynasty, is one of the 167 phóng/phòn Liberate (v) /ˈ lɪ bə reɪ t/ most celebrated heroes in the country. He liberated g thích the country from Chinese Ming domination in 1428. Khôi phục/ It took a long time for economy to recover after the 168 Recover (v) /rɪ ˈ kʌ və r/ Phục hồi slump. Làm mất ổn /ˌ diːˈsteɪ bə la 169 Destabilize (v) The conflict destabilized the whole region. định ɪ z/ Le Loi led the Lam Son defeating the Ming and Lãnh Lead – led – 170 /liː d/-/led/-/led/ established the Le Dynasty in 1428 which lasted until đạo/dẫn dắt led (v) 1788, the longest reign in Vietnam’s history. During the Le Dynasty, the country continued to be 171 M ở rộng Expand (v) /ɪ kˈ spænd/ expanded.

In the early 15th century, when the Tran Dynasty was Nhà Minh Ming Chinese/ /mɪ ŋ / 172 overthrown by the Ho, the Ming Chinese/ dynasty (TQ) dynasty /ˌ tʃ aɪ ˈ niː z/ invaded Dai Viet.

Rebel (v) When the Mac overthrew the Le in 1527, a former /reˈ bel/ 173 N ổi loạn  Rebellion official in the Le Court, Nguyen Kim rebelled /rɪ ˈ beljə n/ (n) against the Mac and recovered the Le power. The Temple of Literature opened not only for Quan lại/ 174 Mandarin (n) /ˈ mændə rɪ n/ Mandarin’s children but also for the local people in Viên chức 1253. During the Le Dynasty, the Complete History was written by Ngo Sy Lien. The Hong Duc legal Code Sự thừa Recognition was announced. Hong Duc code was based on 175 nh ận/công /ˌ rekəɡˈ nɪʃn/ (n) Chinese law but included distinctly Vietnamese nhận features, such as recognition of the higher position of women. Beginning in 1527, Vietnam came under the control of two families, the Trinh Lord, dominant in the 176 S ự tranh đua Rivalry (n) /ˈ raɪ vlri/ North, and the Nguyen Lord in the Southern part. Their military and political rivalry destabilized the Le dynasty and brought its end in 1788. Room 10: The cannons (18th – 19th centuries) SÚNG THẦN CÔNG

177 Cast (v) BrE /kɑː st/ Initially, cannons were cast in bronze, and later in Đúc (súng), 178 NAmE /kæst/ iron or pig-iron. nấu chảy

Pig iron is the first step of processing as aresult of 179 Gang Pig-iron (n) /pɪɡ/-/ˈ aɪərn/ smelting the raw one. In Saigon the French turned the barrels of 12 captured cannons (10 Thắng Uy (means: Authority of victory), 1 Hùng Uy (Authority of hero) and 1 Vũ Công (feat of arms) to the ground and chained them 180 Gi ải thoát Release (v) /rɪ ˈ liː s/ along the river bank at the end of Catinat Street (now Đồng Khởi) until 1936 when these cannons were released to the Blanchard de la Brosse Museum (present day Museum of History in Hồ Chí Minh City).

181 H ỏa lực Firepower (n) /ˈ faɪərpaʊər/ The company has enormous financial firepower. Kích Dimension (n) /daɪ ˈ menʃ n/ Cannons are often of large dimensions and of a 182 thư ớc/cỡ/kh = Size (n) /dɪ ˈ menʃ n/ heavy weight. ổ

Máy bắn 183 Catapult (n) /ˈ kætə pʌ lt/ đá/nỏ

184 Niên đại Date (n) /deɪ t/ What is the date of this cannon?

Nòng (súng) BrE /bɔ ː (r)/ 185 Bore (n)  a twelve-bore shotgun Cỡ nòng NAmE /bɔ ː r/ BrE /ɑ ː ˈ tɪ lə ri/  The town is under heavy artillery fire. Pháo/pháo 186 Artillery (n) NAmE binh  Heavy artillery = trọng pháo /ɑː rˈ tɪ lə ri/ -It was not until the 14th century that the Europeans Phát Invent (v) learned the gun powder technology from China, and /ɪ nˈ vent/ 187 minh/sáng  Invention from the Chinese fire crackers they invented the /ɪ nˈ venʃ n/ chế (n) cannon, a fire power capable of destroying the enemies from afar.  The Nine Holy Cannons = Cửu Vị Thần Công  On January 1st 1803, Emperor Gia Long ordered all bronze wares of the Tay Son Súng thần dynasty to be collected and melt into nine 188 công Cannon (n) /ˈ kænə n/ cannons. Đại bác  The Nine Holy Cannons are the tourist attractions in the citadel of Hue  Luân xa pháo: Cannon on wheels -In the late 14th century, Hồ Nguyên Trừng was the first person in Vietnam to make cannon known as Gunpowder 189 Thu ốc súng /ˈ ɡʌnpaʊ də r/ “Thần cơ sang pháo”/ “Eruptor” cannon which used (n) gun powder.

It’s so cruel to keep a pony chained up like that all 190 Xích/trói Chain (v) /tʃ eɪ n/ the time. Room 11: Tay Son dynasty (1771 – 1802) 58

THỜI TÂY SƠN BrE /pɑː s/ Băng hà /ə ˈ weɪ / 191 Pass away Emperor Quang Trung passed away in 1792. Qua đời NAmE /pæs/ /ə ˈ weɪ /

192 C ải cách Innovate (v) /ˈ ɪ nə veɪ t/

Quang Trung Nguyen Hue, the fouder of the Tay Son BrE /ˈ pɒ lə si/ Policy (n) dynasty, implemented progressive innovations and 193 Chính sách NAmE (pl. policies) policies on land and education but he passed away in /ˈ pɑː lə si/ 1792. Chứng minh Identity Card /aɪ ˈ dentə ti/ Emperor Quang Trung introduced the identity card 194 thư = ID Card /kɑː rd/ system to govern the large population. Đoạt BrE /ˈ kɒ ŋkə (r)/ Nguyễn Ánh later returned to the Mekong Delta to 195 l ấy/Xâm Conquer (v) NAmE fight Tây Sơn. Tây Sơn was defeated in 1802 and chiếm /ˈ kɑː ŋkə r/ Nguyễn Ánh conquered Phú Xuân Land.  Emperor Quang Trung expanded foreign trade for the economic development. He also encouraged people to use of national script – Nôm language. Hệ thống 196 Script /skrɪ pt/ chữ viết  Emperor Quang Trung set up a new system of administration and replaced the traditional Chinese script with the Vietnamese Chữ Nôm( literally Southern characters) as the official written language of the country.

Nguyen Hue then continued to defeat the Trinh Lords /tʃ in/ and the Le Kings who asked for help from the Qing 197 Nhà Thanh Qing Chinese /ˌ tʃ aɪ ˈ niː z/ Chinese in the North and reunified the country in 1789. In 1771, the Tay Son rebellion led by the 3 brothers Nổ ra/diễn Break out 198 Nguyen Nhac, Nguyen Hue, Nguyen Lu broke out ra (phrasal verb) in Binh Dinh province. In the economic field, Nguyen Hue also carried out many policies to restore the economy, first of all agriculture which had fallen into serious decline, to 199 Nông nghiệp Agriculture (n) /ˈ æɡ rɪ kʌ ltʃər/ strengthen the small farmers economy in order to pave the way for (mở đường cho…) the development of the goods economy. Sự nhũng Corruption (n) During the 9th Nguyễn Lord, the locals were very 200 nhi ễu/tham  Corrupt /kə ˈ rʌ pʃ n/ poor and unhappy because of the corruption. nhũng (v) In 1785, Nguyen Hue defeated the Nguyen Lords 201 Xiêm La Siamese /ˈ saɪəmiː z/ who were supported by the Siamese in the South. Room 12: Nguyen dynasty (1802 – 1945) NHÀ NGUYỄN

Bức bình Folding Screen /ˈ foʊ ldɪ ŋ/ 202 phong (n) /skriː n/

The engravings on the nine incense burners at the 203 Chi ến hạm Warship /ˈ wɔ ː rʃɪp/ Hue Citadel show the famous warships of the Nguyen’s naval power at the time. Expansionism In the mid 19th century when the European /ɪ kˈ spænʃənɪ z Chủ nghĩa (n) expansionism grew, the French fired the first shots 204 ə m/ bành trướng  Expand to open the invasion of Việt Nam in Đà Nẳng /ɪ kˈ spænd/ (v) The heaviest seal, Hoang De Ton Than Chi Bao/ the On orders of the Emperor was used to stamp on 205 Con dấu Seal (n) /siː l/ documents of the Nguyen kings.

In 1993 the Huế Imperial Citadel was recognized by 206 Di sản Heritage (n) /ˈ herɪ tɪ dʒ / UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site. In 1802, after he defeated the forces of Tay Son, Nguyen Anh, who was a descendant of Nguyen 207 H ậu duệ Descendant (n) /dɪ ˈ sendə nt/ Lords, unified the country and established the Nguyen dynasty. In the French time, in 1861, the hero Nguyen Trung 208 Kênh đào Canal (n) /kə ˈ næl/ Truc burned down the L’Espe’rance Warship at Nhat 61

Tao canal. He was famous for the statement: “Only when all the grass in Vietnam has been pulled out then only will there be no Vietnamese to fight the aggressors”  inlay A (with B) | inlay B (in/into A) Inlay (v) Khảm/dát /ˌ ɪ nˈ leɪ / Ex: The lid of the box had been inlaid with silver. 209 = Inlaid vào /ˌ ɪ nˈ leɪ d/ Ex: Gold and silver had been inlaid into the lid of (V2&V3) the box. Imperial To make an imperial mantle, artisans of Dong Cuu /ɪ mˈ pɪəriə l/ 210 Long bào mantle (King’s village have worked for a year. /ˈ mæntl/ Robe) Images of the Dragon King have 5 claws, while images of lesser dragons have only 4 claws.

/ˈ dræɡən/ 211 Móng (rồng) Dragon’s Claw /klɔ ː /

Vietnamese musical instruments can be divided into four groups: Musical /ˈ mjuː zɪ kl/  Plucked Strings 212 Nh ạc cụ instruments /ˈ ɪ nstrə mə nt/  Bowed Strings  Winds  Percussion:

During this time, the country was expanded to the Phạm vi/ 213 Extent (n) /ɪ kˈ stent/ greatest extent and the foreign trade was opened with quy mô Europe, India and Indonesia. Due to the decline of Tay Son Dynasty in the late Suy 18th century, Nguyen Anh – a descendant of the 214 tàn/xu ống Decline (n-v) /dɪ ˈ klaɪ n/ Nguyen Lords took revenge. dốc After defeating against the Tay Son, he established the Nguyen Dynasty which lasted from 1802 to 1945. The capital city was moved to Hue, where the Thời gian trị Nguyen Dynasty reigned through 13 kings. The 215 Reign (n-v) /reɪ n/ vì/thống trị country was renamed Viet Nam under the reign of Minh Mang. Thương mại The two countríes have signed a trade agreement for 216 Trade (n) /treɪ d/ Mậu dịch one year only. Trả thù/rửa 217 Revenge (n-v) /rɪ ˈ vendʒ / hận Revenge is a dish which is best served cold. There are actually 3 kinds of lacquerware: Mother – Mother-of- /ˈ mʌ ðə r/ 218 Xà cừ of – pearl, eggshell, painting or any of the pearl /pɜ ː rl/ combination of these three. Room 13: Cambodia stone carvings (9th – 13th centuries) ĐIÊU KHẮC ĐÁ CAMPUHIA Hinduism became Cambodia's official religion Điêu during this period of time and remained the official 219 kh ắc/chạm Sculpture (n-v) /ˈ skʌ lptʃər/ religion until the 12th century AD. Many of the trổ sculptures from this period of time were made to 63

represent the three Gods in the Hindu religion. That is, Brahma (the creator), Shiva (the destroyer), and Vishnu (the preserver). Neighbour (n) Kingdom Cambodia is a neighbouring country to the BrE /ˈ neɪ bə (r)/ (especially US southwest of Vietnam with which has a long 220 Láng giềng NAmE English: historical and cultural relationship. /ˈ neɪ bə r/ neighbor) Lồi ra/phình Bulging (adj) Large colorful statue of Buddhist deity Kala with 221 /ˈ bʌ ldʒɪ ŋ/ lên = Bulgy bulging eyes in front of temple in Cambodia. Mối hận According to Indian legend, Garuda and Naga are in 222 thù/hi ềm Feud (n) /fjuː d/ a death feud as Naga killed Garuda’s mother. khích  Apsara is a traditional dance of Cambodia Nữ thần called “Robam Apsara”. 223 Apsara N/A Apsara  The images of Apsara dancers were endless materials for stone sculpture art in Cambodia. The sampot is a long, rectangular cloth worn around Quần/Váy 224 Sampot (n) N/A the lower body. It can be draped and folded in several Sam-pát different ways. BrE In the Angkor period (9th-13th centuries) the Khmer Rực rỡ/ /ˈ prɒ spə rə s/ culture and the Kingdom were at its most prosperous 225 Prosperous thịnh vượng NAmE time. /ˈ prɑː spə rə s/ Today Angkor is a complex of vestiges lying in an Rừng Primeval 226 /praɪ ˈ miː vl/ old primeval forest to the northwest of the Tonle Sap nguyên sinh forests lake, about 7km to the north of Siem Reap.

Here the carving is executed on 3 stacked blocks of stone. Sắp xếp/chất The Garuda is carved standing at one corner with a thành full chest, bulging eyes, and its slightly hooked beak 227 Stack (v) /stæk/ đống/xếp tightly closed. Arms raised high above its head, it thành chồng holds the tail of the snake while its feet pin down the neck of the snake. Its lower body is wrapped with a sampot. Recently, I visited the Angkor Conservation office BrE and I had the chance to see some of the artisans at Thợ thủ /ˌ ɑː tɪˈzæn/ 228 Artisan (n) work who are making these replica heads outside the công NAmE south gate of Angkor Thom. The level of detail is /ˈ ɑː rtə zn/ amazing! Stone is used for some of the more elaborate 229 Tinh xảo Elaborate (adj) /ɪ ˈ læbə rə t/ carvings, such as the temple carvings at Angkor Wat. Trói Pin A large picture of the president was pinned on the 230 ch ặt/Ghì (somebody) /pɪ n/ /daʊ n/ office wall. chặt down  the United Kingdom  the Cambodia Kingdom 231 Vương quốc Kingdom (n) /ˈ kɪ ŋdə m/  Idioms: till/until kingdom come (cho tới lúc chết) = for ever Ex: He’ll talk till kingdom come if you let him. Room 14: Asian ceramics

GỐM MỘT SỐ NƯỚC CHÂU Á

Bàn xoay Ceramic 232 /ˈ tɜ ː rnteɪ bl/ (gốm) turn-table (n)

Vietnamese ceramics first appeared around 10,000 years ago during the New Stone Age in the Hòa Bình Bình/Chậu/ – Bắc Sơn culture. 233 Vessel (n) /ˈ vesl/ Vại/ Lọ This period produced earthenware vessels (đồ đất nung) with beautiful forms decorated with rich geometrical designs used for storage. Polychrome In the late 14th century to the early 15th century a (n) new development took place with the introduction of /'pɔ likroum/ = blue-and-white painted ware which quickly attained /,pɔ likrə 'mætik/ Polychromatic a high point at centres such as Chu Đậu and Bát 234 Đa sắc ≠ Tràng. In the 15th century Vietnamese blue-and- /ˌ mɑː nə kroʊˈ Monochromati whites and polychromes found export markets in mætɪ k/s c countries like Japan, island Southeast Asia, and in (đơn sắc) the Middle East. The Hội An Wreck lies 22 miles off the coast of central Vietnam in the East Sea. Discovered by 235 Đ ắm tàu Wreck (n) /rek/ fishermen in the early 1990s, the ship was carrying a large cargo of Vietnamese ceramics from the mid- to late-15th century.

Idioms: have feet of clay (to have a fault or weakness in your character) 236 Đ ất sét Clay (n) /kleɪ / Ex: When the actor was imprisoned for drug offences, his fans were upset to find that their hero had feet of clay.  This makes an excellent hot main dish.  I can recommend the chef's dish of the day.  Let’s see the Dish in Blue-and-white: the 237 Đĩa / món ăn Dish (n) /dɪʃ/ interior feature a landscape with a pine tree, Mount Fuji in the background covered in snow. The rim is outlined with a fine yellow- brown line. In the first half of the 5th century ceramic making techniques from Korea were brought to Japan with the turn-table and the tube kiln which enabled firing 238 Lò nung Kiln (n) /kɪ ln/ at very high temperatures. In Việt Nam, Japanese ceramics have been found in ancient trading ports such as Phố Hiến (Hưng Yên), Thanh Hà (Huế), and Hội An (Quảng Nam).

Màu ngọc 239 Celadon (n) /'selə dɔ n/ bích

Men, nước 240 Glaze (n) /ɡ leɪ z/  White/green/brown/celadon glaze. men 67

Món hàng/ It was once home to a factory for manufacturing 241 Wares (n) /weə (r)z/ đồ gốm plastic ware.  In the neighbouring countries of Việt Nam ceramic production has had a long Nét đặc biệt development history. 242 Đi ểm đặc Feature (n) /ˈ fiː tʃər/  Ceramics of each country have their own trưng individual national features, yet at the same time they also have a certain connection with Vietnamese ceramics. Phỏng Ceramics was gradually adapted for use in fields 243 theo/Thích Adapt (v) /ə ˈ dæpt/ such as construction, spiritual beliefs, religions, ứng artworks, and in industry. Waisted  A waisted vase = cái bình cổ lọ Thắt eo/thóp  Waist (n) 244 /weɪ st/  A waisted coat = cái áo khoác thắt eo lại ở eo eo, thắt  A high-waisted garment = cái quần lưng cao lưng  Ceramic production was a major invention of humanity in the pre-historic time.  Thiết thực 245 Utility (n-adj) /juːˈtɪ lə ti/ Tiện dụng  Almost all countries in the world, one after another, have discovered this technology which created utility wares that initially served to store foods and drinks. Room 15: The mummy in Xom Cai – HCM City XÁC ƯỚP XÓM CẢI TP. HỒ CHÍ MINH 68

 = a piece of jewellery that some people wear because they think it protects them from bad Bùa hộ luck, illness, etc. 246 Amulet (n) /ˈ æmjʊ lə t/ mạng  Ancient tombs, especially the ones with amulets, are always full of mystery that science can’t fully explain In the last days of January 1994, while clearing the site archaeologists discovered a double grave built Còn nguyên with composite material containing a coffin holding 247 v ẹn/không bị Intact (adj) /ɪ nˈ tækt/ the intact body of a woman about 60 years of age, sứt mẻ 1.52 m tall, and wrapped in many layers of cloth, which had been soaked in a red-brown solution. Body fluids are examples for complex liquid 248 Dung dịch Solution (n) /sə ˈ luː ʃ n/ solutions, containing many solutes. The mummy was excavated in Xom Cai in HCMC's District 5 in 1994 and buried in traditional 249 Khai quật Excavate (v) /ˈ ekskə veɪ t/ Vietnamese style: in a coffin with full of shroud and goods, and soaked in red solution. BrE /səʊk/ Example mentioned-above 250 Ngâm/nhúng Soak (v) NAmE /soʊ k/ The body, which was soaked in a solution (for Sự phân Decompositio /ˌ diː kɑː mpəˈ resistance against worms and decomposition) was 251 h ủy/ n zɪʃn/ rolled in many layers of cloth and wore nine layers thối rửa of gowns.

Xóm Cải was one of the locations that required BrE /rɪ ˈ njuː ə l/ Sự phục hồi renewal and its residents were relocated in the 252 Renewal (n) NAmE Sự nối lại process of upgrading the urban environment in Hồ /rɪ ˈ nuː ə l/ Chí Minh City. The mummy of Tran Thi Hieu, who is believed to Tầng lớp have died in 1869 when she was around 60 years old, 253 trên/ Upper-class /ˈ ʌ pə r/- /klæs/ was an upper-class Kinh lady. thượng lưu

The mummy was taken to the HCMC Medical and /ˌ fɑː məˈ suː t Pharmaceutical University’s Hospital for research Thuộc về Pharmaceutica ɪ kl/ and later moved to the Vietnam History Museum for 254 ngành Dược l /ˌ fɑː məˈ sjuː t preservation and display. ɪ kl/ Every three months, experts from the hospital check and maintain the mummy. The corpse was shrouded and surrounded by grave 255 V ải liệm Shroud (n/v) /ʃ raʊ d/ goods, which was then soaked in red solutions.  an Egyptian mummy = xác ướp Ai Cập  This is the mummy of Tran Thi Hieu, who is believed to have died in 1869 when she was 256 Xác ướp Mummy (n) /ˈ mʌ mi/ around 60 years old. She was an upper-class Kinh lady.

Room 16: The Vuong Hong Sen collection BỘ SƯU TẬP VƯƠNG HỒNG SỂN

Bình BrE /vɑː z/ 257 Vò Vase (n) NAmE /veɪ s/ or Hũ /veɪ z/  Ewer (n) /ˈ juː ə r/ = bình đựng nước  Love is like an antique vase; it’s hard to find, hard to get, but easy to break.

Tình yêu cũng giống như một chiếc bình cổ: khó tìm, khó có được, nhưng dễ vỡ. Các tác 258 Writings /ˈ raɪ tɪ ŋz/ phẩm Before his death, he offered his collection of ceramic objects and all his writings to the State in the sole Canh Safeguard (n- 259 /ˈ seɪ fɡ ɑ ː rd/ purpose to be fully able to protect them and to make gác/giữ gìn v) his contribution to the research and safeguarding of national cultural heritage. From 1923 to 1945, Vuong Hong Sen was /ˈ sɪ vl/ or Civil/public acivilservant for French colonial State in Saigon, 260 Công chức /ˈ pʌ blɪ k/ servant Can Tho and Soc Trang provinces and began to /ˈ sɜ ː rvə nt/ collect antiquities. Định Owing to his collections, researchers can define 261 nghĩa/ch ỉ rõ Define (v) /dɪ ˈ faɪ n/ dates of other antiques. ra 71

 Born in Soc Trang in the South Vietnam, Antique (n) Vuong Hong Sen was not only known as a  Antique collector of antiquities but also a man of great 262 Đ ồ cổ Dealer (n) /ænˈ tiː k/ culture. người buôn  During his life, he collected more than 800 đồ cổ antiques from Vietnam, China, Japan, Thailand, Cambodia. BrE /ˈ skɒ lə (r)/ Vuong Hong Sen is a famous scholar and antique 263 H ọc giả Scholar (n) NAmE collector in Southern Vietnam. /ˈ skɑː lə r/ /ˈ ɪ nsens/ Incense burner 264 Lư hương /ˈ bɜ ː rnə r/ A bronze incense burner from the 19th century. = Censer (n) = /ˈ sensə r/ BrE From 1947 to 1964, Vuong Hong Sen worked as a Quản thủ /laɪ ˈ breə riə n/ librarian in the National Museum in Saigon (the 265 Librarian (n) (thư viện) NAmE Museum of Vietnam History in Ho Chi Minh City /laɪ ˈ breriə n/ nowadays). Donate (v) BrE /dəʊˈ neɪ t/ Quyên góp/ An anonymous business woman donated one 266  Donation NAmE hiến tặng million dollars to the charity. (n) /ˈ doʊ neɪ t/ During his life, he had the opportunity to collect more than 800 ceramic objects among which were found in 267 S ự phối hợp Scheme (n) /skiː m/ a large number those with a decorative scheme of blue and white and dated 18th or 19th century.

The antiques collection includes objects of Sừng/chất 268 Horn (n) /hɔ ː rn/ porcelain, bronze, wood, glass, ivory, horn, tortoise sừng shell, etc. Retire (v) After his retirement, he went on collecting antiquities 269 V ề hưu  Retirement /rɪ ˈ taɪər/ and writing books. (n) Room 17: Minority cultures from Southern Provinces VĂN HÓA CÁC DÂN TỘC THIỂU SỐ PHÍA NAM VIỆT NAM Tây Nguyên, translated as Western Highlands and Cao nguyên/ Highland(s) sometimes also called Central Highlands, is one of 270 /ˈ haɪ lə nd/ Vùng cao (n) the regions of Vietnam. It includes the provinces of Đắk Lắk, Đắk Nông, Gia Lai, Kon Tum, Lâm Đồng. The space of gong culture in the Vietnam Highlands 271 C ồng Gong /ɡ ɔ ː ŋ/ = Không gian văn hóa Cồng Chiêng Tây Nguyên /ˌ mʌ ltiˈ ɛ θnɪ k/  As a multi-ethnic country, Vietnam has 54 Multi-ethnic 272 Đa sắc tộc /ˌ mʌ ltaɪ ˈ ɛ θn recognized ethnic groups. (adj) ɪ k/ /ˌ pɑː pjuˈ leɪʃ The Vietnamese, or Kinh, make up 87 percent of 273 Dân số Population (n) n/ Vietnam's population. There are 54 ethnic groups in Vietnam, divided into /reɪ s/ 8 groups, according to their language system: Race 274 Dân tộc /ˈ eθnɪ k/ *Việt-Mường Group: Chứt, Kinh, Mường, Thổ. Ethic group /ɡ ruː p/ *Tày-Thái Group: Bố Y, Giáy, Lào, Lự, Nùng, Sán Chay, Tày, Thái.

*Mon-Khmer Group: Ba na, Brâu, Bru-Vân kiều, Chơ-ro, Co, Cơ-ho, Cơ-tu, Cơ-tu, Gié-triêng, Hrê, Kháng, Khmer, Khơ mú, Mạ, Mảng, M'Nông, Ơ-đu, Rơ-măm, Tà-ôi, Xinh-mun, Xơ-đăng, Xtiêng. *Mông-Dao Group: Dao, Mông, Pà Thẻn. *Kađai Group: Cờ Lao, La Chí, La ha, Pu Péo. *Austro-Polynenisian Group: Chăm, Chu-ru, Ê đê, Gia-rai, Ra-glai. *Chinese Group: Hoa, Ngái, Sán Dìu. *Tibeto Group: Cống, Hà Nhì, La Hủ, Lô Lô, Phù Lá, Si La.

Dụng cụ bẫy 275 Fish-trap /fɪʃ/ /træp/ cá

(Tại sao ko đưa hình bẫy cá?) Long House The longer the house is, the more prosperous the (in central /lɔ ː ŋ/ or /lɑː ŋ/ family is. There are some very, very long houses 276 Nhà dài highlandVietn /haʊ s/ because girls of the 3rd or 4th generation are married am) and live there.

The Rong House is the symbol of Kontum and Gia Communal BrE /ˈ kɒ mjə nl/ Lai provinces in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. House /haʊ s/ It is the place where village ceremonies and festivals 277 Nhà rông = the Rong NAmE take place. It also serves as a court of justice and as a House /kə ˈ mjuː nl/ meeting place where important decisions are being made. The Mekong Delta province of An Giang is home to some of the largest ethnic Cham communities in 278 Nhà sàn House on stilts /stɪ lt/ Vietnam. Cham people here live in stilt houses/ houses on stilts. The proportion of older people is increasing rapidly BrE /ˈ rʊərə l/ 279 Nông thôn Rural (adj) in Vietnam. The majority of the elderly live in rural NAmE /ˈ rʊ rə l/ areas. The Viet (Kinh) people account for 87% of the country's population and mainly inhabit the Red River delta, the central coastal delta, the Mekong Phân delta and major cities. The other 53 ethnic minority 280 Scatter (v-n) /ˈ skætə r/ bố/phân tán groups, totaling over 8 million people, are scattered over mountain areas (covering two-thirds of the country's territory) spreading from the North to the South. Distinct (adj) Each ethnic minority group has its own distinct 281 Riêng biệt  Distinction /dɪ ˈ stɪ ŋkt/ culture and traditions. (n)

A fermented rice-wine Can Wine (also called tube wine) is a fermented /fə rˈ mentid/ 282 Rư ợu cần (drunk out of a rice wine produced in Vietnam, in particular in /raɪ s/- /waɪ n/ jar through mountainous areas like Tay Nguyen area. pipes) Urban spaces like Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City are 283 Thành thị Urban (adj) /ˈ ɜ ː rbə n/ often overcrowded, and the cost of rent can be rather high. 284 Thi ểu số Minority (n) /maɪ ˈ nɔ ː rə ti/ One distinctive feature of highland ethnic minority Trang groups in Vietnam is that they are in colorful attires 285 ph ục/Quần Attire (n) /ə ˈ taɪər/ whether at home, on the farm, on travel or in the áo town.  Lễ bỏ mã = Leaving the Grave /ˈ wʊ dn/ Tượng nhà Wooden  The grave house is surrounded with a wooden 286 /ɡ reɪ v/- mồ grave-statue fence within there is a wooden statue /ˈ stætʃ uː / resembling a human being, a bird or an animal.

THIEN HAU TEMPLE = TUỆ THÀNH ASSEMBLY HALL ST Tiếng Tiếng Anh Phiên Âm Quốc Tế Gợi Ý Cách Dùng T Việt Yin = (in Chinese philosophy) the dark, not active, female principle of the universe. Yang = (in Chinese philosophy) the bright active male principle of the universe.

Âm- 1 Yin-Yang /jɪ n/-/jæŋ/ Dương

= Eight objects for worship/Eig ht treasures (carried in 2 Bát bửu the hands of /eɪ t/ /ˈ treʒə(r)/ eight immortals in the Chinese legend)

Eight 3 Bát Tiên /eɪ t/ /ɪ ˈ mɔ ː rtl/ Immortals The Eight Immortalsinclude seven men and one lady. It says that the Eight Immortals separately represent male, female, the old, the young, the rich, the noble, the poor, and the humble Chinese. Main The temple is built in form of "Nội công ngoại Chính 4 Hall/Chambe /meɪ n/ /hɔ ː l/ quốc" (internal shape looks like Chinese character cung r “cong” 工, and external shape looks like character

“quốc” 国) and comprises three sections – the Front Hall, Middle Hall and Main Hall. -The temple roof is richly decorated with Cây Mai ceramic motifs, including “lưỡng long tranh châu” (two dragons fighting over a pearl), created in 1908 by two important local kilns – Bửu Nguyên and Đồ gốm Đồng Hòa. 5 (bằng đất Ceramic (n) /sə ˈ ræmɪ k/ (page 335, Exploring Hồ Chí Minh City – Tim nung) Doling)

-The temple’s roof is decorated with images of flowers, leaves and human beings made of ceramics from Buu Nguyen and Dong Hoa kilns in 1908. She was able to rescue her brother but her motherwas obviously worried about her state, 6 Giải cứu Rescue (v) /ˈ reskjuː / woke her from her trance and her father unfortunately drowned. The building comprises 3 main chambers Gian Side 7 /saɪ d/ /ˈ tʃ eɪ mbə r/ separated by open-air courtyards (sân Thiên Tĩnh) phòng phụ Chamber (n) and 2 side chambers. Between the rows, there are spaces called “light wells”, which help ventilate the environment and 8 Giếng trời Light Well /ˈ hevnli/ /wel/ light up the back shrine, as well as release the incense smoke.

- The corridor links the old part of the hospital with the newone. 9 Hành lang Corridor (n) /ˈ kɔ ː rɪ dɔ ː r/ - Go along the corridor, turn left, and you’ll see his office in front of you. There are now about 400 ancient objects preserved in the Thien Hau/ Tian Hou temple, Horizontal /ˌ hɒ rɪ ˈ zɒ ntl/ including 6 stone statues, 9 stone bells, 10 10 Hoành phi board /bɔ ː rd/ horizontal lacquered boards engraved with Chinese characters, 23 parallel sentences, and so on.  Tue Thanh Assembly Hall = Tuệ Thành Hội Quán Assembly 11 Hội quán /ə ˈ sembli/ /hɔ ː l/  Quang Trieu Assembly Hall = Quảng Triệu Hall (n) Hội Quán

Khung cửi According to the legend, she dreamed of her Weaving 12 (dệt vải) /ˈ wiː vɪ ŋ/ /luː m/ father and brothers while she was sleeping or Loom sitting at a loom weaving. Kiệu (có Sedan chair The 14th is the Thien Hau welcoming ceremony, mái che và = palankeen /sɪ ˈ dæn/ /tʃ eə (r)/ which observes traditional rituals. A Thien Hau’s 13 có người (n) /,pælə n'ki:n/ palanquin is carried throughout the streets, with khiêng) = palanquin /,pælə n'ki:n/ unicorn dances, lion dances, and many flags (n) Kim Hoa Goddess of /ˈ ɡ ɑ ː də s//ə v/ We’re in main chamber of Thien Hau Temple 14 Nương Fertility /fə rˈ tɪ lə ti/ now. Nương

(Bà Chúa (who prays The middle case is reserved for Thien Hau – Thai Sanh) for Childless Goddess of the Sea. Left case is reserved for Long women) Mau – Goddess of Mothers and Newborns. And the right case is reserved for Kim Hue – Goddess of Fertility who prays for Childless women. The festival of worshipping Thien Hau on the 23rd day of the 3rd month of Lunar year is one of 15 Lễ hội Festival (n) /ˈ festɪ vl/ the most popular annual festivities of Chinese people in Vietnam. There are now about 400 ancient objects preserved in the Thien Hau temple, including 6 Parallel 16 Liễn đối /ˈ pærə lel//ˈ sentə ns/ stone statues, 9 stone bells, 10 horizontal sentence lacquered boards engraved with Chinese characters, 23 parallel sentences, and so on. -The temple roof is richly decorated with Cây Mai ceramic motifs, including “lưỡng long tranh châu” (two dragons fighting over a pearl), created in 1908 by two important local kilns – Bửu Nguyên and Đồng Hòa. Lò nung (page 335, Exploring Hồ Chí Minh City – Tim 17 Kiln (n) /kɪ ln/ (gốm) Doling)

-The temple’s roof is decorated with images of flowers, leaves and human beings made of ceramics from Buu Nguyen and Dong Hoa kilns in 1908.

A set of ancient weapons = A /ˈ eɪ nʃənt//ˈ wepə n 18 Lỗ bộ set of eight / bronze- tipped weapons Lanterns and wooden models of Chinese theaters 19 Lồng đèn Lantern (n) /ˈ læntə rn/ hang over the entrance. We’re in main chamber of Thien Hau Temple now. Long Mẫu Goddess of The middle case reserved for Thien Hau – /ˈ ɡ ɑ ː də s/ /ə v/ 20 Nương Mothers and Goddess of the Sea. Left case reserved for Long /ˈ mʌ ðə r/ Nương Newborns Mau – Goddess of Mothers and Newborns. And the right case reserved for Kim Hue – Goddess of Fertility who prays for Childless women. -The temple roof is richly decorated with Cây Mai ceramic motifs, including “lưỡng long tranh châu” (two dragons fighting over a pearl), Two created in 1908 by two important local kilns – Lưỡng dragons /ˈ dræɡən/ Bửu Nguyên and Đồng Hòa. 21 long tranh fighting over /pɜ ː rl/ (page 335, Exploring Hồ Chí Minh City – Tim châu a pearl Doling)

-The temple’s roof is decorated with images of flowers, leaves and human beings made of

ceramics from Buu Nguyen and Dong Hoa kilns in 1908.

Along Nguyen TraiStreet, at Thien Hau Temple local women come in numbers to make offerings to Me Sanh, Goddess of Fertility, and to Long Mau, Goddess of Mothers an Newborn Babies. When Cantonese immigrants established the Temple toward the middle of the nineteenth century, they named it after Thien Hau, Goddess of Seafarers. New arrivals from China would have hastened here to express their gratitude for a safe passage across the South China Sea. Three statues of hers stand on 22 Mang thai Fertility (n) /fə rˈ tɪ lə ti/ the altar, one behind the other, while an eye- catching mural on the inside of the front wall depicts her guiding wildly pitching ships across a storm-tossed sea. The temple’s most attractive aspect is its roof, bristling with so many gigurinrs you wonder how those at edge can keep their balance.

Trích THE ROUGH GUIDE TO VIETNAM – Bill Bryson)

The front chamber has two altars – the right one Môn Quan The Door dedicated to the Phuc Duc Chanh Than, and the Vương Tả God 23 /dɔ ː (r)//ɡ ɑ ː d/ left one to Mon Quan Vuong Ta, and a stone (Thần The Entrance stele engraved with a legend on Mazu, besides Cửa) Guard large paintings describing her image floating on the sea waves.

- The room was lit by candles. Nến/đèn - Idioms: “burn the candle at both ends” = to 24 Candle (n) /ˈ kændl/ cầy become very tired by trying to do too many things and going to bed late and getting up early. /faɪ v/ According to Eastern philosophy, five basic Five Basic 25 Ngũ Hành /ˈ beɪ sɪ k//ˈ elɪ mə nt elements include Metal & Wood & Water &Fire Elements s/ &Earth (Kim, Mộc, Thủy, Hỏa, Thổ). Người bảo Outside the temple two guardian lions protect the 26 hộ/bảo vệ Guardian (n) /ˈ ɡ ɑ ː rdiə n/ entrance: the male lion has his foot on a ball, the female lion has her paw on a cub. Donor (n) BrE /ˈ dəʊnə (r)/ Người NAmE /ˈ doʊ nə r/ - The company has donated more than $ 30,000 đóng 27 Donate (v) = BrE /dəʊˈ neɪ t/ to local charities. góp/Nhà quyên góp NAmE /ˈ doʊ neɪ t/ - Names of donors are written on red papers. tài trợ Donation (n) 28 Người Hải Hainan is the smallest and southernmost province Nam of the People's Republic of China. The name 29 Hainan (n) /hʌɪ ˈ nan/ Đảo Hải "Hainan" also refers to Hainan Island - the main Nam island of the province. Người/ Hakka is one of the major groups of varieties of tiếng Hẹ Chinese, spoken natively by the Hakka people in 30 (người Hakka (n) /ˈ hækə / southern China, Taiwan, HongKong and Khách throughout the areas of East Asia, Southeast Asia, Gia) and around the world.

Người Cantonese The building was first used as a place to hold /ˌ kæntə ˈ niː z/ 31 Quảng (n) community meetings among the Cantonese and /ɡ waŋˈ dʒ ə ʊ / Đông = Guangzhou called Tue Thanh Assembly Hall. Teochew settled in southwest area like Bac Lieu Người Province. The name Bac Lieu means “poor 32 Triều Teochew (n) /ˌ tiː əʊˈ tʃ juː / village” in Teochew pronunciation. Châu “Bạc Liêu là xứ cơ cầu, dưới sông cá chốt trên bờ Triều Châu” Người/Tỉn Fujian (n) /ˌ fuː dʒɪ ˈ an/ Fujian is an attractive coastal province of China 33 h Phúc (also Fukien) /fuːˈkjɛ n/ with a long seafaring history. Kiến God of Marriage and - Matchmaker Deity helps single people to find Love (in their suitable partners.

Nguyệt Chinese - Outside the right chamber in the corner there is a

34 Lão mythology) small shrine for God of Marriage and Love.

(Yue Lao) = - The old man under the moon, commonly known /ˈ mætʃ meɪ kə r/ Matchmaker as Yue Lao, is a Chinese deity in charge of Deity (n) marriage between man and woman.

/ˈ kɑː nɪ kl/ Nhang Conical 35 /ˈ ɪ nsens/ vòng incense coils /kɔɪ l/

God of Phúc Đức Nói về Phúc Đức Chính Thần (PĐCT): Moral and Chính - Trong Sài Gòn Năm Xưa (Vương Hồng Sển) và 36 Happiness /ɜ ː rθ/ /ɡ ɑ ː d/ Thần (Thổ Chuyện Xưa Tích Cũ (Sơn Nam): PĐCT chính là (The God of Địa Công) thái giám Trịnh Hòa thời nhà Minh, cưỡi thuyền Earth) buồm dạo khắp các nước miền Đông Nam Á ban bố văn hóa Trung Hoa.Trịnh Hòa là nhà thám hiểm, du lịch, khảo cứu địa dư, ngoại giao, ngôn ngữ học tài tình. Đi đến đâu, ông thi nhân bố đức, và đưa người Tàu đến lập nghiệp đến đó. Sau này ông mất, dân ngoại kiều cảm đức sâu, thờ làm phúc thần, được vua sắc phong "Tam Bửu Công", hay "Bổn Đầu Công" gọi tắt là "Ông Bổn". - Trong Sổ tay hành hương đất phương Nam (Huỳnh Ngọc Trảng): Phước Đức Chính Thần được hiểu là thần Thổ Địa.

- Trong Gia Định tràng Phật Tích cổ (Lý Văn Hùng): cho rằng ông Bổn chính là Châu Đạt Quan, một viên quan của triều đình Trung Quốc đời nhà Nguyên. Ông đã đi đến nhiều nước ở Đông Nam Á, trong đó có vùng đất Nam Bộ và Chân Lạp. Từ miền Chân Lạp trở về, Châu Đạt Quan viết quyển Chân Lạp Phong Thổ Ký.

Phức Sophisticatio /sə ,fisti'keiʃ n/ The parallel sentences were made skillfully, with tạp/Tinh n (n) /sə 'fistikeitid/ 37 sophisticated designs. xảo Sophisticated

(adj)  an open-air swimming pool = hồ bơi ngoài Sân thiên Open-air /ˈ oʊ pə n/-/eə (r)/ trời. 38 tĩnh courtyard /ˈ kɔ ː rtjɑː rd/  The open-air area used for receiving sunlight and exhausting smoke. Journey to the West is a Chinese novel published Tây Du A Journey to /ˈ dʒɜː rni/ /tə / /ðə / 39 in the 16th century during the Ming dynasty. Ký the West /west/

God of Wealth is the Chinese god of prosperity God of 40 Thần Tài /ɡ ɑ ː d/ /ə v/ /welθ/ worshipped in the Chinese folk religion and Wealth Taoism.

-The Assembly Hall is popular known as Bà (Lady) or Thien Hau Temple, because it is dedicated to Thien Hau Thanh Mau (Mazu – goddess of the Sea), who is worshipped by the seafaring Chinese communities of Guangdong, Thiên Hậu Goddess of /ˈ ɡɒdə s//ə v//ðə / Fujian and Taiwan. 41 Thánh the Sea /siː / (from “Exploring Hồ Chí Minh City” – Tim Mẫu (Mazu) Doling) -It is said that Thien Hau can travel over the oceans on a mat and ride the clouds to wherever she pleases. Her mobility allows her to save people in trouble on the high seas. Fire Put a fire extinguisher in a visible kitchen extinguishing /ˈ faɪə(r)/ location, away from cooking equipment. Thiết bị 42 equipment/ /ɪ kˈ stɪ ŋɡ wɪ ʃ ɪ ŋ/ chữa cháy fire /ɪ ˈ kwɪ pmə nt/ extinguisher

 ancestor worship (n) = thờ ông bà/tổ tiên Worship (v)/  hero worship (n) = thờ anh hùng có công 43 Thờ cúng /ˈ wɜ ː rʃɪp/ (n)  whale worship (n) = thờ cá Ông

Seafaring /ˈ siː feə rɪ ŋ/ people (n) /ˈ fɪ ʃ ə mə n/ = Fisherman -The Assembly Hall is popular known as Bà (n) (Lady) or Thien Hau Temple, because it is (pl. dedicated to Thien Hau Thanh Mau (Mazu – fishermen) /ˈ æŋɡ lə (r)/ goddess of the Sea), who is worshipped by the người đánh seafaring Chinese communities of Guangdong, Thủy thủ/ bắt cá, xem Fujian and Taiwan. 44 Ngư dân đó như là 1 (from “Exploring Hồ Chí Minh City” – Tim đi biển nghề kiếm Doling) sống. -It is said that Thien Hau can travel over the = Angler (n) oceans on a mat and ride the clouds to wherever người câu she pleases. Her mobility allows her to save cá/bắt cá vì people in trouble on the high seas. mục đích tiêu khiển.

Thuyền quá hải/Thuyề n bà Thiên Hậu cứu vớt trên biển. (thuyền Miniature /ˈ mɪ nə tʃə(r)/ 45 rồng chạm Chinese Boat /ˌ tʃ aɪ ˈ niː z/ /boʊ t/ hình nhân, rước theo cùng với kiệu Bà vào ngày Vía Bà Thiên Hậu) The temple is built in form of "Nội công ngoại Front quốc" (internal shape looks like Chinese character 46 Tiền điện Hall/Chambe /frʌ nt//hɔ ː l/ “cong” 工, and external shape looks like character r “quốc” 国) and comprises three sections – the Front Hall, Middle Hall and Main Hall. Middle The temple is built in form of "Nội công ngoại 47 Trung điện Hall/Chambe /ˈ mɪ dl/ /hɔ ː l/ quốc" (internal shape looks like Chinese character r “cong” 工, and external shape looks like character

“quốc” 国) and comprises three sections – the Front Hall, Middle Hall and Main Hall. Restore (v) /rɪ ˈ stɔ ː r/ Built by the Cantonese Congregation in 1760 and Trùng tu Reconstruct /ˌ riː kə nˈ strʌ kt/ renovated many times, Thien Hau Temple is one 48 = Tu bổ (v) /ˈ renə veɪ t/ of the oldest structures in Cholon. = Tôn tạo Renovate (v) Congregate -This temple was built by the Cantonese (v)(to come Congregation – the Chinese community who left BrE /ˈ kɒ ŋɡ rɪɡeɪ t/ together in a home from Tue Thanh District-China to 49 Tụ hội NAmE group) immigrate to the South of Vietnam. /ˈ kɑː ŋɡ rɪɡeɪ t/ Congregation (n) - Lunar New Year is a time when Vietnamese people go to temples and pagodas to pray for Tử happiness and good fortune and also turn to 50 vi/chiêm Astrology (n) /ə ˈ strɑː lə dʒ i/ astrology to predict their future. tinh học -Books on astrology and horoscopes sell in abundance in front of temples and pagodas everywhere in the country. A furnace for burning votive papers Votive 51 Vàng mã /ˈ voʊ tɪ v/ /ˈ peɪ pə r/ (representations of the wealth people wish to papers bestow upon gods and goddesses)

INDEPENDENCE PALACE TIẾNG STT TIẾNG ANH PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TẾ GỢI Ý CÁCH DÙNG VIỆT Assassinate (v)  President Ngô Đình Diệm and his  Assassination BrE /ə ˈ sæsɪ neɪ t/ brother Ngô Đình Nhu were (n) cuộc mưu NAmE /ə ˈ sæsə neɪ t/ assassinated in a coup d’état on 1 Ám sát sát 2nd November 1963.  Assassinator  the assassination of John F. (n) kẻ ám sát Kennedy  hand over (to somebody) = to give somebody else your position of power or the responsibility for BrE /ˈ hændəʊvə (r)/ something NAmE /ˈ hændoʊ və r/ Ex: On September 7th 1954, the Hand over 2 Bàn giao Norodom Palace was handed over to (phrasal verb) South Vietnamese Prime Minister Ngô Đình Diệm.  hand something over to somebody Ex: They handed the weapons over to the police. Coup d’état (n) Cuộc đảo He left Paris after the coup d’état of 3 (pl. coups d’état) /ˌ kuː deɪ ˈ tɑː / chính 1851 and spent nine years in England. = Coup (n) Đài phun In front of the Palace is the green grass 4 Fountain (n) nước BrE /ˈ faʊ ntə n/ oval, the center is a fountain, creating

NAmE /ˈ faʊ ntn/ the beauty to the building and creates a fresh feeling for visitors when they walk into main gate. Defeat (v)  Question 6 defeated us. /dɪ ˈ fiː t/  Defeatism (n)  The French were defeated at Điện 5 Đánh bại tư tưởng chủ Biên Phủ Battle in 1954 and /dɪ ˈ fiː tɪ zə m/ bại signed the Geneve Agreement. At 10:45 a.m on 30th April 1975, two tanks No. 843 and No. 390 of North 6 Đầu hàng Surrender (v) /sə ˈ rendə r/ Vietnamese Army smashed the main entrance and the last president Dương Văn Minh surrendered.  the royal/presidential palace.  The Independence Palace is 7 Dinh thự Palace (n) /'pælə s/ located at 135 Nam Ky Khoi Nghia Street, District 1, Hồ Chí Minh City. Independence Palace is a fantastic place 8 Độc lập Independence (n) /ˌ ɪ ndɪ ˈ pendə ns/ to organize VIP meetings, or conferences. Dictatorial (adj) /ˌ dɪ ktə ˈ tɔ ː riə l/  Ngô Đình Diệm established a  Dictator (n) kẻ /ˈ dɪ kteɪ tə r/ dictatorial regime, by moving độc tài people into strategic hamlets and 9 Độc tài  Dictation (n) /dɪ kˈ teɪʃn/ ignoring the disagreement of sự ra lệnh/bài Saigon people. chính tả

 My father was a dictator and the whole family was afraid of him. We had some very difficult words in our dictation. Indochina, which has been referred to in the past as French Indochina, is a region 10 Đông Dương Indochina (n) of Southeast Asia made up of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia.  an oval face Hình bầu BrE /ˈ əʊvl/  an oval green grass 11 Oval (n-adj) dục/ô-van NAmE /ˈ oʊ vl/  the Oval Office = the office of the US President in the White House  Ngô Đình Diệm established a dictatorial regime, moved people into strategic hamlets and ignoring the disagreement of Khước 12 Ignore (v) /ɪɡˈ nɔ ː r/ Saigon people. từ/phớt lờ  My father was a dictator and the whole family was afraid of him.  We had some very difficult words in our dictation. On February 27th 1962, the Palace was bombed by the 2 pilots of South 13 Phi công Pilot (n) /ˈ paɪ lə t/ Vietnamese regime: Nguyen Van Cu and Pham Phu Quoc.

According to geomancy (fengshui), this /ˌ feŋ ˈ ʃ uː i/ palace is located on a Dragon’s head; 14 Phong thủy Feng-Shui /ˌ fʊ ŋ ˈ ʃ weɪ / therefore it is also referred to as Dragon’s Head Palace. It combines modern architecture and BrE /ˈ ɔ ː riə nt/ 15 Phương Đông the Orient (n) traditional oriental features that reflect NAmE /ˈ ɔ ː riə nt/ the country’s prosperity and goodness. BrE /ˈ ɒ ksɪ də nt/ The western parts of the world, 16 Phương Tây the Occident (n) NAmE /ˈ ɑː ksɪ də nt/ especially Europe and America, are also known as the Occident  Ngô Đình Diệm established a dictatorial regime, by moving people into strategic hamlets, ignoring the disagreement of Sự cai trị 17 Regime (n) /reɪ ˈ ʒ iː m/ Saigon people. Chế độ cai trị  My father was a dictator and the whole family was afraid of him.  We had some very difficult words in our dictation. Temporary (adj) BrE /ˈ temprə ri/ - I'm looking for some temporary work. 18 Tạm thời  Temporarily NAmE /ˈ tempə reri/ - I’m afraid using volunteers can only be (adv) a temporary solution to the problem. The building covers 12 hectares and includes 4 main floors, 2 mezzanines, 19 Tầng hầm Basement (n) /ˈ beɪ smə nt/ ground floor, and a basement which the total usable area of 20.000 m2.

/ˈ mezə niː n/ The building covers 12 hectares and /ˈ metsə niː n/ includes 4 main floors, 2 mezzanines, 20 Tầng lửng Mezzanine (n) ground floor, and a basement which the total usable area of 20.000 m2. Ground Floor (n) /ɡ raʊ nd/ /flɔː r/ The building covers 12 hectares and /ˌ daʊ nˈ sterz/ includes 4 main floors, 2 mezzanines, 21 Tầng trệt ground floor, and a basement which the total usable area of 20.000 m2. After the successful conference on national reunification in 1975, the 22 Thống nhất Reunification (n) /ˌ riːˌjuː nɪ fɪ ˈ keɪʃn/ building was renamed Reunification Hall. Until recently, it has resumed its original name: Independence Palace. Tổng thống (nước)  the bank president. Chủ tịch President (n) /ˈ prezɪ də nt/ 23  President Obama is due to visit (đoàn thể) Presidential (adj) /ˌ prezɪ ˈ denʃ l/ the country next month. Hiệu trưởng (trường)  Several companies have their headquarters in the area. Headquarters (n)  On March 9th 1945, the Japanese 24 Trụ sở (abbreviation BrE /ˌ hedˈ kwɔ ː tə z/ overthrew the French in a coup HQ) NamE /ˈ hedkwɔ ː rtə rz/ d’état, and Norodom Palace became the Headquarters of the

Japanese Government for Indochina. - On 21st April 1975, the President Nguyen Van Thieu resigned and the Resign (v) Vice-President Tran Van Huong 25 Từ chức  Resignation /rɪ ˈ zaɪ n/ became the President. (n) - On 28th April 1975, the Pre. Tran Van Huong resigned and the General Duong Van Minh took the power. TẦNG 1 - 1st Floor -Conference Hall (Phòng Khánh Tiết) -Banquet Room (Phòng Đại Yến) -Cabinet Meeting Room (Phòng họp Nội Các) /dɪ ˈ lɪ bə reɪ t/  deliberate (on) whether, what, Deliberate (v) etc… Cân  Deliberation /dɪ ˌ lɪ bə ˈ reɪʃn/ Ex: They deliberated (on) whether 26 nhắc/thảo (n) to continue with the talks. luận kỹ  Deliberately /dɪ ˈ lɪ bə rə tli/  She signed her name with great (adv) deliberation.  The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body.  Chức  He and his wife were guests of năng 27 Function (n) /ˈ fʌ ŋkʃ n/ honour at a function held by the  Quỹ (từ society last weekend. thiện)  Today, the Conference Room is still being used for official

receptions, conferences or private functions. Consultant (n) /kə nˈ sʌ ltə nt/  consult somebody  Consultancy /kə nˈ sʌ ltə nsi/ Ex: If the pain continues, consult (n) = văn your doctor. 28 Cố vấn phòng tư vấn  consult somebody about  Consult (v) = /kə nˈ sʌ lt/ something hỏi ý kiến/bàn Ex: Have you consulted your bạc lawyer about this? Council (n)  In November 1975, the  British Coucil Consultative Council for 29 Hội đồng /ˈ kaʊ nsl/ = Hội đồng National Reunification used this Anh room for its deliberations.  The hotel is used for exhibitions, conferences and social events. BrE /ˈ kɒ nfə rə ns/  a conference room/centre/hall 30 Hội nghị Conference (n) NAmE /ˈ kɑː nfə rə ns/  The Conference Hall is one of the large reception rooms on the 1st floor. One of the most important events was the inauguration dinner of President Khai 31 Inauguration (n) /ɪ ˌ nɔ ː ɡ jəˈ reɪʃn/ Nguyen Van Thieu and his Vice trương/ra mắt President Nguyen Cao Ky on 31 October 1967. /ɡ riː n/  Green years = thanh xuân/đầy sức 32 Màu xanh lục Green (n) sống 100

 Sea-green (n)  A green hand = thợ mới vào nghề xanh lá cây  The new trainees are still very biển green.  Dark-green (n)  Idioms: the grass is (always) xanh lá cây greener on the other side (of the đậm fence) = đừng núi này trông núi nọ.  Idioms: green with envy = very jealous  The Cabinet Meeting Room was decorated by the dark-green. Thanks to this color, the stress could be decreased.  kitchen cabinets = kệ bếp  a medicine cabinet = tủ thuốc Nội các,  a cabinet meeting = cuộc họp Nội chính phủ Các 33 Tủ có ngăn Cabinet (n) /ˈ kæbɪ nə t/ kéo  The last President Dương Văn Giá đựng đồ Minh surrendered from the Cabinet Meeting Room, on 30th April 1975. The oil painting hanging on the wall of the Banquet Room is “Beautiful country 34 Phong cảnh Landscape (n) /ˈ lændskeɪ p/ and Peaceful landscapes” painted in 1966 by Ngo Viet Thụ, architect of Independence Palace. 101

The oil painting in 7 sections hanging on the wall of the Banquet Room is Thanh Peaceful (adj) 35 /ˈ piː sfl/ “Beautiful country and Peaceful bình/hòa bình  Peace (n) landscapes” painted in 1966 by Ngô Viết Thụ, architect of Independence Palace. There is a water-colour on paper painting 36 Tổ tiên Ancestor (n) /ˈ ænsestə r/ by Trong Noi “Legendary ancestor of Vietnam” in 1966. *Hang on = Giữ chặt nhé/Khoan tí đã! *Hang up = Cúp máy 37 Treo/Mắc Hang (v) /hæŋ/ Ex: After I hung up I remembered what I'd wanted to say.  declare something… Ex: The government has declared a state of emergency. Ex: Germany declared war on France on 1 August 1914.  Do you have anything to declare? BrE /dɪ ˈ kleə (r)/ 38 Tuyên bố Declare (v)  At 19:30 on 21 April 1975, NAmE /dɪ ˈ kler/ President Nguyen Van Thieu declared his resignation speech in the Conference Hall.

 declare against somebody/something

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= (formal) to say publicly that you do not support somebody/something

At 19:30 on 21 April 1975, President Từ chức Nguyen Van Thieu delivered his 39 Resign (v) /rɪ ˈ zaɪ n/ (trùng với 25) resignation speech in The Conference Room.  I attended a banquet last night. Yến tiệc 40 Banquet (n) /ˈ bæŋkwɪ t/  He was suddenly taken ill at a Đại yến banquet given in his honour. TẦNG 2 - 2nd floor -Map Room (Phòng Bản Đồ) -Presidential Office (Phòng làm việc của Tổng thống VNCH) -Presidental Reception Rooms (Phòng tiếp khách của Tổng thống) +The President’s international reception room (Phòng tiếp khách nước ngoài) +The President’s national reception room (Phòng tiếp khách trong nước) -Vice-President’s Reception Room (Phòng tiếp khách của Phó Tổng thống) -Credentials Presenting Room/Ambassadors Chamber (Phòng Trình Quốc Thư) -Bed Room and Dining room (Phòng ngủ và Phòng ăn) -Living quarter BrE /rəʊb/ •There are 2 lacquer paintings by Thai NAmE /roʊ b/ Van Ngon, produced in 1966 in the Vice-President’s Reception Room. 41 Áo choàng Robe (n) They represent Ha Noi’s Temple of Literature and a famous historical scene: the 13th century King Tran Nhan

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Tong presenting his robe to a mendicant.  Pine for (v) = mòn mỏi, héo hon Ex: She pined for months after he'd gone.  Pine away (v) = đau ốm, tiều tụy Cây 42 Pine (n) /paɪ n/ (và chết vì buồn bã) thông/tùng Ex: After his wife died, he just pined away. Pine trees are evergreens with long, needle-shaped leaves.  The statue was carved out of a single piece of stone.  Idioms: carved/set in stone (of a decision, plan, etc.) = unable to be 43 Chạm/khắc Carve (v) /kɑː rv/ changed Ex: People should remember that our proposals aren't set/ carved in stone.  Along the wall, there are 8 golden Chân đèn sconces which were lit during 44 Sconce (n) /skɔ ns/ Đế nến ambassadorial presentation ceremonies.

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Chim hồng Flamingo (n) 45 hạc (pl. flamingoes, /flə ˈ mɪ ŋɡ oʊ / flamingos) Flamingo is a large pink bird with long thin legs and a long neck, that lives near water in warm countries.  the US Ambassador in/to Vietnam.  Ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary = Đại sứ đặc Ambassy (n) /ˈ embə si/ mệnh toàn quyền 46 Đại sứ quán  Ambassador (n) đại sứ /æmˈ bæsə də r/  Before 1975, many countries had embassies in Saigon. Newly arrived ambassadors presented their credentials to the President in this room. Delegation (n) /ˌ delɪ ˈ ɡ eɪʃn/  There are two communicating Đoàn đại  Delegate (v) = /ˈ delɪɡeɪ t/ rooms here: for foreign and local 47 biểu/phái ủy quyền delegations. đoàn  Delegate (n) = /ˈ delɪɡeɪ t/  the Dutch delegation to the đại biểu United Nations. Overseas (adj- BrE /ˌ əʊvə ˈ siː z/ •Nguyen Cao Ky, Vice President of the 48 Hải ngoại adv) NAmE /ˌ oʊ və rˈ siː z/ Southern Republic from 1967 to 1971, 105

was born in Son Tay in 1930. He had French and US military training and served as Commander of the Southern Republic’s airforce and President of the Central Executive Committee, then as Prime Minister. He spent his final years living overseas. He died in Malaysia in 2011. •There are 2 lacquer paintings by Thai Van Ngon, produced in 1966 in the Vice-President’s Reception Room. They represent Ha Noi’s Temple of 49 Hành khất Mendicant (n) /ˈ mendɪ kə nt/ Literature and a famous historical scene: the 13th century King Tran Nhan Tong presenting his robe to a mendicant. BrE /məʊˈ tiː f/  The President’s chair has been 50 Hoa văn Motif (n) NAmE /moʊ ˈ tiː f/ carved with dragon’s head motifs. Thanks to the rockery, we feel like Rockery (n) 51 Hòn non bộ /ˈ rɑː kə ri/ standing on the ground, not on the 2nd (pl. rockeries) floor. •Nguyen Cao Ky, Vice President of the Southern Republic from 1967 to 1971, 52 Không quân Air-force /eə (r)/-/fɔ ː rs/ was born in Son Tay in 1930. He had French and US military training and served as Commander of the Southern

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Republic’s airforce and President of the Central Executive Committee, then as Prime Minister. He spent his final years living overseas. He died in Malaysia in 2011.

Ngà (voi) 53 Răng nanh Tusk (n) /tʌ sk/ (lợn lòi)

•Behind the foreign delegation’s chair , there is a pair of elephant’s tusks.

Nghệ thuật BrE /ˈ bɒ nsaɪ / NAmE 54 Bonsai (n) cây cảnh /ˈ bɑː nsaɪ /

 an awards/opening ceremony  a wedding/marriage ceremony Ceremony (n) BrE /ˈ serə mə ni/ NAmE  Idioms: stand on ceremony (=to 55 Nghi lễ (pl. ceremonies) /ˈ serə moʊ ni/ behave formally) EX: Please don't stand on ceremony (=Please be natural and relaxed) with me.  They were married in a wedding 56 Nhà nguyện Chapel (n) /ˈ tʃ æpl/ chapel in Las Vegas. 107

 to rise like a phoenix from the ashes (= to be powerful or successful again) = Tái sinh từ Phượng đống tro tàn. 57 Phoenix (n) /ˈ fiː nɪ ks/ hoàng  The other chairs are carved with a phoenix head or characters symbolizing “longevity”.  the US Ambassador in/to Vietnam.  Ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary = Đại sứ đặc Quốc thư mệnh toàn quyền 58 Credentials (n) /krə ˈ denʃ l/ Ủy nhiệm thư  Before 1975, many countries had embassies in Saigon. Newly arrived ambassadors presented their credentials to the President in this room.  The big lacquer painting in 40 Proclamation (n) /ˌ prɑː kləˈ meɪʃn/ small panels “Great Sự tuyên 59  Proclaim /prə ˈ kleɪ m/ Proclamation” (Bình Ngô Đại bố/tuyên cáo (v) Cáo) describes a famous scene from the reign of King Lê Lợi. Prime Minister •Nguyen Cao Ky, Vice President of the 60 Thủ tướng (abbreviation /ˌ praɪ m ˈ mɪ nɪ stə r/ Southern Republic from 1967 to 1971, PM) was born in Son Tay in 1930. He had

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French and US military training and served as Commander of the Southern Republic’s airforce and President of the Central Executive Committee, then as Prime Minister. He spent his final years living overseas. He died in Malaysia in 2011.  The furnishings and pictures in the room are in Japanese-style Furnish (v) Trang thiết bị lacquer work, created by the artist 61 Furnishing (n): /ˈ fɜ ː rnɪʃ/ nội thất Nguyen Van Minh. trang bị đồ đạc  The room was furnished with antiques. Tranh sơn  Behind the desk of the President of dầu Republic of Vietnam, there is an 62 (Oil) canvas /ˈ kænvə s/ Vải oil on canvas “Tri Thuy Bridge”, bạt/lều/buồm painted in 1966 by Pham Co.

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•There are 2 lacquer paintings by Thai Van Ngon, produced in 1966 in the Vice-President’s Reception Room. Tranh sơn They represent Ha Noi’s Temple of 63 Lacquer painting /ˈ lækə r/ /ˈ peɪ ntɪ ŋ/ mài Literature and a famous historical scene: the 13th century King Tran Nhan Tong presenting his robe to a mendicant. BrE /lɒ nˈ dʒ evə ti/ 64 Trường thọ Longevity (n) We wish you both health and longevity. NAmE /lɔ ː nˈ dʒ evə ti/ There is a silkembroidery of pines and Embroidery (n) /ɪ mˈ brɔɪ də ri/ flamingoes, on velvet, 1971 in the Việc thêu  Embroider (v) /ɪ mˈ brɔɪ də r/ Presidential Office. This is a gift from 65 thùa = Broider (v) = General Mun-Hien-The of South Korea. Thêu (khăn) (Tranh thêu trên nền nhung, cây tùng và chim hạc)

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TẦNG 3 - 3rd floor -Library (Thư viện) -The First Lady’s Banquet Room (Phòng chiêu đãi tiệc của Phu nhân Tổng thống) -Movie theatre (Phòng chiếu phim) -Game Room/Gambling Room (Phòng giải trí) -Helicopter landing port (Heliport) -Corridor The round table in the middle of the 66 Bàn tròn Round table /raʊ nd/ /ˈ teɪ bl/ room was used for gambling style of European. The square table in the corner was used for gambling style of Chinese. 67 Bàn vuông Square table /skwer/ /ˈ teɪ bl/

Gambling (n) /ˈ ɡ æmblɪ ŋ/ The President and his staff enjoyed Cờ bạc/đánh 68 =Playing cards playing cards/ gambling (đánh bài) in bài this room, and drinking at the bar. Đánh dấu/ghi Mark (v) /mɑː rk/ The two circles painted on the helipad dấu mark the spot where a bomb-load was 69 dropped on the Palace by pilot Nguyễn Thành Trung on 8 April, 1975. Đèn cong Curved lamp /kɜ ː rvd/ /læmp/ The First Lady’s Banquet Room is 70 decorated with curving lamps and

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chandeliers to give a feeling of feminine tenderness.

Đèn treo 71 Chandelier nhiều ngọn BrE /ˌ ʃ ændə ˈ lɪə(r)/ NAmE /ˌ ʃ ændə ˈ lɪ r/ “As an acquaintance, Vuong came out to greet him, While the sisters, shy, hid behind the flowers.” Shy (adj) “Chàng Vương quen mặt ra chào, 72 E lệ  Shyness (n) /ʃ aɪ / Hai Kiều e lệ nép vào dưới hoa.” Tính nhút nhát  Don't be shy—come and say hello.  She was too shy to ask anyone for help. BrE /ˈ kɒ rɪ dɔ ː (r)/ There is an oil painting by Lê Chánh 73 Hành lang Corridor (n) NAmE /ˈ kɔ ː rɪ dɔ ː r/ “The two Kiều sisters” in thecorridor. Hình học Geometry (n) /dʒ iˈ ɑː mə tri/  In the First Lady’s Banquet Room, there is a picture of solid 74 geometry (hình học không gian) that looks like European style. Bookshelf (n) /ˈ bʊ kʃ elf/ There are many books on the 75 Kệ sách (pl. bookshelves) /ˈ bʊ kʃ elvz/ bookshelf.

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/ˌ iː kə ˈ nɑː mɪ k/  Economic Books = Sách kinh tế /ˌ ekə ˈ nɑː mɪ k/  Economy Class = Vé hạng phổ Economic (adj) /ɪ ˈ kɑː nə mɪ st/ thông Economy (n)  Tourism clearly dominates the 76 Kinh tế  Economist (n) local economy. = nhà kinh tế học  Economic recession = Suy thoái kinh tế Ex: The economy is in recession. Lập BrE /ˈ sɒ lɪ d/  In the First Lady’s Banquet thể/Không NAmE /ˈ sɑː lɪ d/ Room, there is a picture of solid 77 Solid (adj) gian ba chiều geometry (hình học không gian) that looks like European style.  Animals store up food for the winter.  You can store coffee beans in the 78 Lưu trữ Store (v) /stɔ ː r/ freezer to keep them fresh.  Thousands of pieces of data are stored in a computer's memory. Mah-jong The square table in the corner was used =Chinese /ˌ tʃ aɪ ˈ niː z/ for gambling style of Chinese/ playing Dominoes mah-jong 79 Mạt chược

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Mềm mại/dịu Tenderness (n) /ˈ tendə rnə s/ The First Lady’s Banquet Room is dàng decorated with curving lamps and 80 chandeliers to give a feeling of feminine tenderness. *They bombed military and civilian targets. 81 Mục tiêu Target (n) /ˈ tɑː rɡɪ t/ *He's become the target of a lot of criticism recently.  The Vietnam Fine Arts Museum 82 Mỹ thuật Fine art (n) /faɪ n/ /ɑː rt/ = Bảo Tàng Mỹ Thuật Việt Nam The First Lady’s Banquet Room is decorated with curving lamps and 83 Nữ tính Feminine (adj) /ˈ femə nɪ n/ chandeliers to give a feeling of feminine tenderness.  On the wall, near the round table, there are three statues symbolizing for “Happiness – Phát đạt/tài BrE /prɒ ˈ sperə ti/ NAmE Prosperity – Longevity” (Phúc- 84 lộc/thịnh Prosperity (n) /prɑ ː ˈ sperə ti/ Lộc-Thọ) as Asian forms of vượng decoration.  The country is enjoying a period of peace and prosperity.  MilitaryBooks = Sách quân sự BrE /ˈ mɪ lə tri/ 85 Quân sự Military (n)  Military Academy = Học viện NAmE /ˈ mɪ lə teri/ quân sự

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 Demilitarized Zone = Vùng phi quân sự (DMZ)  Be called up for military service = được gọi đi nghĩa vụ quân sự. Heliport (n) The helicopter landing port (Heliport) Sân đậu trực 86 = Helipad (n) /ˈ helipɔ ː rt/ here marked the boombing target in thăng 1975.  A bilingual documents/books = 87 Song ngữ Bilingual (n-adj) /ˌ baɪ ˈ lɪ ŋɡ wə l/ Tài liệu/sách song ngữ Soundproof a room in your house so Noise-absorbing /nɔɪ z/-/ə bˈ zɔ ː rbɪ ŋ/ that you can set up your home theater 88 Sự cách âm = Soundproofing /ˈ saʊ ndpruː fɪ ŋ/ system without disturbing the (n) neighbors. BrE /drɒ p/ The two circles painted on the helipad NAmE /drɑː p/ mark the spot where a bomb-load was 89 Thả (bom) Drop (v) dropped on the Palace by pilot Nguyen Thanh Trung on 8 April, 1975. “Please take from me this token of trust, so we can embark upon our 100-year journey together.” - “Rằng trăm năm Trích dẫn Extract (v-n) /ˈ ekstrækt/ cũng từ đây. 90 từ… Quote (v) /kwoʊ t/ Của tin gọi một chút này làm ghi” Đoạn trích (extracted/quoted from the President Obama’s speech in National Convention Center Hanoi, Vietnam)

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The Reunification Palace entered the world history books in 1975 when a Vietnamese Air Force pilot flew a Helicopter (n) BrE /ˈ helɪ kɒ ptə (r)/ helicopter over the palace with an 91 Trực thăng (informal copter, NAmE /ˈ helɪ kɑː ptə r/ attempt to bomb it. Although no real chopper) damage was caused this was a significant step towards the fall of Saigon and the ending of the Vietnamese War. “The Tale of Kieu,” written by Nguyen Du, is a story about a beautiful and educated young woman, Vuong Thuy Kieu, whose family falls upon hard times when her father and brother are 92 Truyện Kiều The Tale of Kiều /teɪ l/ imprisoned. In order to save her family and get her family members out of jail, she sells herself to a middle-aged man. However, she does not know that he is a pimp, and she ends up as a prostitute, singer, concubine, and servant.  French/English/American literature  Great works of literature = Kiệt /ˈ lɪ trə tʃər/ 93 Văn học Literature (n) tác văn học also /ˈ lɪ trə tʃʊr/  Classical literature = Văn học cổ điển  Folk literature = Văn học dân gian

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The two circles painted on the helipad mark the spot where a bomb-load was 94 Vòng tròn Circle (n) /ˈ sɜ ː rkl/ dropped on the Palace by pilot Nguyen Thanh Trung on 8 April, 1975. TẦNG 4 – 4th floor (Top floor) -“Tứ Phương Vô Sự Lầu”/ ”Safe-and-sound 4 directional terrace”. -(Quầy giải khát) – Refreshment counter/desk- Cafeteria -Heliport (Sân bay trực thăng)

Bamboo (n)  The rows of stone curtains were 95 Cây trúc/tre /ˌ bæmˈ buː / (pl. bamboos) also said to refer tobamboo stalks.  Bamboo tree is a significant symbol in both Vietnamese culture and daily life. It exists almost everywhere in Vietnam, though mainly in rural areas. Đồ uống  Saigon Beverage Co. (Tribeco) = =Nước giải Công ty Nước giải khát Sài Gòn 96 khát Beverage (n) /ˈ bevə rɪ dʒ /  There is a beverage booth at the (ngoại trừ corner of the room. nước suối) 117

Architectural beauty of the Palace is the Flower Stone /ˈ flaʊər/ /stoʊ n/ 97 Rèm hoa đá also presented by the flower stone Curtain /ˈ kɜ ː rtn/ curtainsurrounding the 2nd floor. This place was designed for the President Nguyen Van Thieu who took 98 Sàn nhảy Dance floor /dæns/ /flɔ ː r/ a rest after hard working hours, but the President turned it into a dance floor. This is the highest place, designed as 99 Sân thượng Terrace (n) /ˈ terə s/ “Meditation terrace” called “Safe-and- sound 4 directional terrace”. - He acted without reference to Sự liên me. quan/ám - The rows of stone curtains were 100 Reference (n) /ˈ refrə ns/ chỉ/sự tham also said to reference bamboo khảo stalks.

Thân (cây) 101Cu ống Stalk (n) /stɔ ː k/ (hoa,quả)  The rows of stone curtains were also said to reference bamboo stalks.  Bamboo tree is a significant symbol in both Vietnamese culture 118

and daily life. It exists almost everywhere in Vietnam, though mainly in rural areas. This is the highest place, designed as 102Thi ền định Meditation (n) /ˌ medɪ ˈ teɪʃn/ “Meditation terrace” called “Safe-and- sound 4 directional terrace”. TẦNG TRỆT – Ground floor -Kitchen and cooking equipment (Nhà bếp) -President deluxe car (Mercedes) -Documentary photo room/Exhibition Room (Phòng trưng bày hình ảnh) -Shooting gallery (Phòng tập bắn) -Documentary video room (Phòng chiếu phim tài liệu) (French/Chinese/Vietnamese/English video room) Chiến lợi It was one of the trophies captured by phẩm/ Trophy (n) BrE /ˈ trəʊfi/ Liberation Army of Vietnam on the day 103 Vật kỷ niệm (pl. trophies) NamE /ˈ troʊ fi of Saigon’s Liberation, 30 April 1975, chiến thắng at 9:10 a.m  At that time, this was the most modern kitchen (standard for a five-star hotel), including: gas 104Lò nư ớng Oven (n) /ˈ ʌ vn/ store, dishwasher, egg-mixer machine, oven,…  Take the cake out of the oven.

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Máy đánh Egg-mixer /eɡˈ mɪ ksə r/ 105 trứng machine (n) /mə ˈ ʃ iː n/

Máy hút mùi Kitchen /ˈ kɪ tʃɪn/ /smoʊ k/ 106 (nhà bếp) smoke-extractor /ɪ kˈ stræktə r/

 At that time, this was the most BrE /ˈ dɪʃwɒ ʃ ə (r)/ modern kitchen including 107Máy r ửa bát Dishwasher (n) NAmE /ˈ dɪʃwɔ ː ʃər/ (standard for a five-star hotel): or /ˈ dɪʃwɑ ː ʃ ə r/ gas stove, dishwasher, egg-mixer machine, oven,…  The documentary film viewing room is air conditioned.  After a sight-seeing tour lasting Documentary 108Phim tài liệu /ˌ dɑː kjuˈ mentri/ /fɪ lm/ around 45 minutes, you can watch film a documentary film titled “Historical Witness” for half an hour.

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 This is the Mercedes-Benz 200 W110, manufactured in West Sản xuất/ chế Manufacture (v- 109 /ˌ mænjuˈ fæktʃər/ Germany in the 1960s. tạo n)  Vitamins cannot be manufactured by our bodies.  Have you seen the Picasso exhibition? Sự trưng  Idioms: make an exhibition of Exhibition (n) 110bày/cu ộc triễn /ˌ eksɪ ˈ bɪʃn/ yourself = to behave in a bad or  Exhibit (v) lãm stupid way in public. Ex: I’m afraid Frank got drunk and made an exhibition of himself.  The equipment of the photographic studio was Thiết bị/dụng 111 Equipment (n) /ɪ ˈ kwɪ pmə nt/ expensive. cụ  The school is in need of new computer equipment. BrE /ˈ ʃ ə ʊ keɪ s/ You can buy souvenirs (books, caps, T- 112T ủ bày hàng Showcase (n) NAmE /ˈ ʃ oʊ keɪ s/ shirt,..) in the showcase over there. TẦNG HẦM – Basement -Commanding room (Phòng tham mưu tác chiến) -Spare-radio station (Đài phát thanh dự phòng) -Working place and sleeping room (Phòng trực chiến và Phòng nghỉ tạm thời) -Bomb shelter (Hầm tránh bom) -Guard room

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The basement is very strong. It was built to provide working and living BrE /ˈ kɒ ŋkriː t/ facility in case of emergency. The 113Bê tông Concrete (n) NAmE /ˈ kɑː ŋkriː t/ whole structure was of 1.6m thick reinforcedconcrete walls, capable of surviving ½ ton bombs.  He was killed in combat. Cuộc  This is the combat room where BrE /ˈ kɒ mbæt/ 114chi ến/tr ận Combat (n) the president and staff made war NAmE /ˈ kɑː mbæt/ đánh or planning attacks in the South of Vietnam. A radio station is a set of equipment Đài phát 115 Radio Station (n) /ˈ reɪ dioʊ / /ˈ steɪʃn/ necessary to carry out communication thanh via radio waves.  We've got a spare bedroom, if Dự BrE /speə (r)/ you'd like to stay. 116phòng/thay Spare (adj) NAmE /sper/  I'm afraid I haven't got any spare thế cash.  Begin when I give the command.  Who is in command here? Lệnh/quyền BrE /kə ˈ mɑː nd/ NAmE  be at somebody’s command = 117 Command (n) chỉ huy /kə ˈ mænd/ (formal) to be ready to obey somebody Ex: I'm at your command - what would you like me to do?

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Máy điện báo 118 Telex (n) /ˈ teleks/ ghi chữ

This room is equipped with a telex system  He now had an ally against his boss. Nước đồng Ally (n)  Portugal is a traditional ally of 119 /ˈ ælaɪ / minh (pl. allies) England.  This is a map of the Republic of Vietnam’s allied troops in 1968. Sự gia Reinforcement The harbour walls need urgent 120 /ˌ riː ɪ nˈ fɔ ː rsmə nt/ cố/củng cố (n) reinforcement.

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TOUR OF CU CHI TUNNELS Pronunciati STT Vietnamese English Example on -Cu Chi was titled “Cu Chi –the land of steel “The land of steel and /stiː l/ and copper wall” by the National Liberation copper wall”. “Đất Thép /ˈ kuː pə r/ Front of South of Viet Nam.

1 Thành -Cu Chi Tunnels have gone into the heroic “The land of steel and Đồng” /ˈ bæstiə n/ fighting history of the Vietnamese people as a bastion of bronze of /brɑː nz/ legend of the 20th century and become a well- Cu Chi”. known place in the world. Located about 70 km to the Northwest of HCMCity, Cu Chi tunnel is the miniature of the creative and transformed battle of Cu Chi Hero (n) /'hiə rou/ 2 Anh hùng people and soldiers in the fierce fight. Heroic (adj) / 'hiə rəʊic / - The Cu Chi Tunnel vestige has been restored at Ben Duoc or Phu My Hung heroic village. /pə ˈ dʒɑː If tourists want to pose as a Cu Chi guerilla, Vietnamese silk mə z/ they can be showed by the local guide to dress 3 Áo bà ba pajamas /pə ˈ dʒ æm up with broad-brimmed hat, rubber sandals, (loose-fitting blouse) ə z/ loose-fitting blouse and checked scarf. Strategic hamlet(s) In 1961, Ngo Dinh Nhu supervised the opening Ấp chiến /strə ˈ tiː d 4 Strategic hamlet of the first “strategic hamlet” camps lược ʒɪ k/ Program (concentration camps) in Cu Chi district.

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Poem (n) - Poet (n): a person who writes poems /'pʊ im/ - Poetry (n) (UK) Ex: “The tale ofKiều” poem became the pride 5 Bài thơ - Poetess (n) /ˈ poʊ .ə m/ of Vietnamese people. - Poetic (adj)=poetical (US) (adj) - Poetically (adv) - Poeticize (v) - Poetize (v) /ˈ ɔ ː l.tə r/ (UK) 6 Bàn thờ Altar (n) Above the altar is a statue of Hồ Chí Minh. /ˈ ɑː l.tɚ/ (US) /ˌ vjetnə ˈ m Vietnamese thick iː z θɪ k We have Vietnamese thick noodle soup for 7 Bánh canh noodle soup ˈ nuː dl breakfast. suː p/ /kə nˈ sə ː v Conserve / 8 Bảo tồn We have to conserve animals in wild. Preserve /prɪ ˈ zə ː v / 9 Bảo vệ Protect (v) /prə ’tekt/ Let’s visit and protect animals here.

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River watering place/ /'rivə [r]'wɔ : 10 Bến sông This place used to be a river watering place. river marind tə riɳ pleis/ /mə ˈ leə ri Malaria is a serious tropical disease spread by 11 Bệnh sốt rét Malaria (n) ə / mosquitoes. /mə ˈ leriə / A field hospital is a small mobile medical unit, /fiː ld/ or mini hospital, that temporarily takes care of Bệnh viện /ˈ hɒ spɪ tl/ 12 Field hospital casualties on-site before they can be safely dã chiến /ˈ hɑː spɪ tl transported to more permanent hospital / facilities. Hoang Cam stove was invented in 1952 by Hoang Cam. Hoang Cam is the soldier who created this kitchen in the Dien Bien Phu Campaign. This kitchen is very special. When we cook Bếp Hoàng /Hoang cam 13 Hoang Cam stove (n) right here, the smoke doesn’t rise up directly to Cầm stoʊ v/ the sky. It follows the smoked pipe to the smoked room which is full, it comes to next room and step by step smokes out by little like fog in the morning which the American aircrafts could not recognize. There is no tombstone to mark his grave but /ˈ tuː mstə 14 Bia mộ Tombstone there are buildings roads or railways which bear ʊ n/ his name.

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Biểu tượng /ðə 'simbl The symbol of spirit The symbol of spirit of the country is in the 15 hồn thiêng ə v ðə of the country (n) center of the flower garden. đất nước ˈ kʌ n.tri / /bɒ m/ (UK) -The US army dropped the bombs, but the 16 Bom Bomb (n) /bɑː m/ locals took the fragments and sold them for (US) scrap to buy food. Picture /ˈ pɪ k.tʃər (n): painting, drawing, / (UK) Ex: Ben Duoc Temple of Martyr Memorial has 17 Bức tranh photograph, etc /ˈ pɪ k.tʃɚ/ the biggest pottery picture in Vietnam. (v): imagine sb/sth, (US) show sb/sth -The locals used hoes to dig in the soft ground and used crowbars where the ground was /həʊ/ harder. 18 Cái cuốc Hoe (n) /hoʊ / -Cu Chi soldiers and locals dug out over 250kms tunnels and trenches by rude tools, such as:hoes, shovels, bamboo baskets,… Căn cứ  After the attack, they returned to base. 19 Base (n) /beɪ s/ (quân sự)  The Đong Du Base. Sweep (v) /swiː p/ Cu Chi Tunnels were used also for evading 20 Càn quét (Past simple: swept) /swept/ enemy’s sweeps in the area. This road has hotels and superior restaurants, 21 Cao cấp Superior (adj) /,su:’piə riə / which features views of the Saigon River in the afternoon.

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/‘əʊvə pɑ :s We will enjoy the famous dishes 7 kilometers 22 Cầu vượt Overpass (n) / away fromAn Sương overpass to the right. /ˈ rʌ bə r 23 Cây cao su Rubber tree There are rubber trees in Cu Chi district. triː / /ˈ arɪ kə / 24 Cây cau Areca tree Areca tree is normally high. /ə ˈ riː kə / /ˈ ʃ ʊ ɡ ə Sugarcane is tropical grass which is used to 25 Cây mía Sugarcane (n) keɪ n/ make sugar. carve (v) - carving (n) The names of dead soldiers are carved into a 26 Chạm khắc /kɑ :v/ = engrave (v) granite stone tablet with gilded letters. The Agent Orange is a poisonous chemical /ˈ eɪ dʒənt/ Chất độc da used by US soldiers during the Vietnam War to 27 Agent Orange / Dioxin /ˈ ɔ ː rɪ nd cam remove the leaves from forests so that they ʒ / could see the enemy. /ˈ ɒ kjupaɪ / The capital has been occupied by the rebel 28 Chiếm đóng Occupy (v) /ˈ ɑː kjupa army. ɪ / Combat Combat Chiến đấu, (n) (v) The tunnels were used by Viet Cong soldiers/ 29 /ˈ kɒ mbat/ trận đánh Conflict Attack troops as hiding spots during combat. Battle Against Chiến dịch, 30 cuộc vận Campaign (n) /kæm'pein/ To enter upon a campaign ( mở chiến dịch), … động

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War (n) - Warfare (n): activity of fighting a war Ex: The war made many pains for Vietnamese /wɔ :[r]/ - Warship (n): ship people 31 Chiến tranh (UK) used in war IDM: Have been in the wars (spoken): have /wɔ :r/ (US) - Wartime: period of been injured in a flight or an accident war ≠ Peace (n) Choose (v) - Choose-chose- Ex 1: This poem was chosen from a contest of chosen 217 writings - Choice (n) 32 Chọn lọc /tʃ uː z/ Ex 2: The managing director decided to choose - Chossy (adj): very Mary to transfer to a representative office in careful in choosing USA but she rejectedhis offers = Select (adj, v) ≠ Reject (n, v) Chống cự, Resistance (n) There is a lot of resistance (opposition) to the 33 /ri'zistə ns/ cản trở Opposition to sth idea of a united Europe. 34 Chuông Bell (n) /bel/ The bell is on the left in the main temple /stɔ :k/ (UK) A stork has appeared in Vietnam’s poems for a 35 Con hạc Stork (n) /stɔ ː rk/ long time. (US)

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/ˈ tɜ ː .tə l/ A turtle can live a long time. (UK) The turtle in Hoan Kiem Lake was said to be 36 Con rùa Turtle (n) /ˈ tɝ ̪.t̪ə l more than 100 years old to have found dead in / (US) Central Hanoi in January 2016. The three-door temple gate was constructed in / geit/ 37 Cổng Gate (n) the ancient style of the nation with round

columns, the yin-yang tiles above. /θri: - dɔ :[r] The Three-door temple gate has Cổng tam Three-door temple 38 'templ the architecture of the traditional style of quan gate (n) Geit/ Vietnam. /ˈ pɪ l.ə r/ Pillar (n) (UK) The pillars are the parallel sentences of the poet 39 Cột = Column (n) /ˈ pɪ l.ɚ/ Bao Dinh Giang (US) Milestone /ˈ mʌɪ lstə 40 Cột mốc We just pass the 21st milestone. landmark ʊ n/ Cứng cỏi, /'stʌ bə n/ 41 Stubborn (adj) Stubborn struggle ( đấu tranh ngoan cường) ngoan cường /ˌ revə ˈ lu Revolution (n) Cuộc cách ː ʃ n/  a cultural/social/scientific revolution 42  Revolutionary mạng /ˌ revə ˈ lu  Revolutionary army = quân giải phóng (adj) ː ʃənə ri/

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Competition (n) /ˌ kɒ m.pə ˈ - competitor (n): A tɪʃ.ə n/ (U person who competes K) Ex 1: We are going to take part in “Amazing - Compete (v): take /ˌ kɑː m.pə Race” competition 43 Cuộc thi part in a race, contest, ˈ tɪʃ.ə n/ Ex 2: Cooperation is always powerfuland etc (US) advantageous in the fierce competition. - Competive (adj) - Competitively (adv) ≠ Cooperation Cựu chiến Veteran is a person who had long experience in 44 Veteran (n) /ˈ vɛ tə rə n/ binh war. Rescue (n) Rescue sb/sth from sb/sth Rescure Cứu hộ Liberation Rescue sb/sth + adj 45 (v) /ˈ rɛ skjuː / Giải thoát Deliveranc Firefighters had to rescue 4 people trapped in Save e their vehicles. -The rubber tire sandals were made to wear Ho Chi Minh’s /ˈ rʌ bə r/ backwards so that the tracks they made 46 Dép lốp sandals /ˈ taɪər/ appeared to go the opposite direction. = rubber tire sandals /ˈ sændl/ -These sandals are made from recycled tyres and usually worn by the Vietnamese soldiers. - evacuate somebody (from…) (to…) Evacuate (v) /ɪ ˈ vækjue 47 Di tản Ex: Children were evacuated from London to  Evacuation (n) ɪ t/ escape the bombing. 48 Dịch vụ Service (n) /triː t/ Shooting area is the most attractive service.

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Graniteis extensively used as flooring tiles in Đá hoa 49 Granite /ˈ ɡ rænᵻ t/ public and commercial buildings and cương monuments Special /‘speʃəl 50 Đặc sản dishes/speciality/ Cassava is the speciality of Cu Chi tunnel. dish/ specialty (n) Đạn (súng 51 Bullet (n) /ˈ bʊ lɪ t/ There were bullet holes in the door. trường) -The locals used hoes to dig in the soft ground and used crowbars where the ground was harder. 52 Đào (đất) Dig (v) /dɪɡ/ -Cu Chi soldiers and locals dug out over 250kms tunnels and trenches by rude tools, such as: hoes, shovels, bamboo baskets,… The system also has some escape exits to 53 Đào thoát Escape (v)/(n) /ɪ ˈ skeɪ p/ Saigon River. At the end of tour, you will be served steamed 54 Đậu phộng Peanut (n) /ˈ piː nʌ t/ tapioca with salt sugar & chopped peanuts. 55 Đền Temple (n) /ˈ tɛ mpə l/ The Ben Duoc temple was built in 1993 /ðə mein The main temple’s important place in Ben 56 Đền chính The main temple (n) 'templ/ Duoc Temple of Martyr Memorial. Địa đạo 57 Tunnel /ˈ tʌ nə l/ We’re entering the Cu Chi tunnels. (hầm) Wild animals are treated before they are 58 Điều trị Treat (v) /triː t/ released back into the wild.

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/ˈ næroʊ / Đoạn hầm Narrow section = /ˈ sekʃ n/ There are also narrow sections that only light 59 eo hẹp Tunnel bottle neck /ˈ tʌ nl/ and thin persons could worm their way through. /ˈ bɒ tl/ /nek/ Độc, có chất Poisonous (adj) /’pɔɪ zə nə America army sprayed poisons into Vietnam in 60 độc Poison (n) s/ war. /ɪ ˈ tɜ ː .nə Đời đời ghi Eternally remember/ l.i “Eternally remember” poem was carved on 61 nhớ eternal appreciation rɪ ˈ mem.bə the stele r/ Guerrilla  urban guerrillas (= those who fight in 62 Du kích /ɡ ə ˈ rɪ lə / (also guerilla) towns) The 4 soldiers are to receivecitations from the 63 Dũng cảm Brave (adj) /ɪ v/ president for their brave actions. Dưới mặt Underground /'ʌ ndə graun The soldiers in Viet Nam war lived 64 đất, ngầm (adj)/(adv) d/ underground. Ex: To make (burn) brick Brick Phrasal verb: (n): baked clay used  Brick sth IN/UP: to build a wall of bricks 65 Gạch for building /brik/ around sth, or to fill sth with bricks (v): to close or wall IDM: Drop a brick informal: To make a clumsy with brick. social error Connect (v) /kə 'nekt/ IDM: In connection with sb/sth 66 Ghép -Connection (n) /kə 'nekʃ n/ They connected many bricks together

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/ˈ lɪ b.ə r.e Liberate (v-Liberation ɪ t/ (UK) Ex: As towns and villages were liberated by (n) 67 Giải phóng /ˈ lɪ b.ə .re these forces, so new revolutionary authorities - Liberated (adj) ɪ t/ (US) were set up. = Emancipate, free

Giao thông /ˈ faɪ tɪ ŋ/ 68 Fighting Trench hào /trentʃ /

Tear (n)(v) A tear expresses the Symbol of National Soul’s - Tear – tore - torn image - Teardrop (n) Giọt nước /tiə [r]/ 69 - Tearful (adj): crying mắt IDM: or likely •In tears: crying to cry Burst into tears: to suddenly start to cry - Tearfully (adv)

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/ˈ pɒ t.ə r.i/ ( Ex: We will prepare some handmade pottery Pottery (n): UK) 70 Gốm goods to be this tour’s souvenir /ˈ p̪̪.t̪ɚ

.i/ (US) / 'bʌɳkə (r) Rest bunker 71 Hầm Bunker (n) / Surgery bunker

 Meeting Chamber = Phòng hội họp  Fighting Bunker = Phòng chiến đấu  Dining Chamber = Phòng ăn  Sleeping Chamber = Phòng ngủ  Food Reserve Bunker = Phòng dự trữ /ˈ tʃ eɪ mbə lương thực Hầm/ 72 Chamber/Bunker (n) (r)/ khoang chứa  Letter A shape Bunker = Hầm tránh bom /ˈ bʌ ŋkə (r)/ hình chữ A  Medic care Chamber = Phòng chăm sóc y tế  Military health Chamber = Phòng quân y  Commanding Bunker = Phòng chỉ huy tác chiến /ˌ suː .və n Besides the impressive stops, historic zone of Hàng lưu Souvenir (n) ˈ ɪər/ (UK) 73 Cu Chi Tunnel also has souvenir shops with niệm /ˌ suː .və ˈ over 1300 items of all kinds. nɪ r/ (US)

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74 Hệ thống System /ˈ sɪ stə m/ Get sth out of one's system /fɒ nd ə v 75 Hiếu học A desire for learning 'lɜ :niη/ A desire for learning is Vietnamese’s tradition

Peace (n Ex: Some day in the future, people will live in - Peaceful (adj) /pi:s/ (UK, peace 76 Hòa bình - Peacefully (adv) US) IDM: Make (your) peace with sb: end an - Peacetime (n) argument with sb ≠ War (n) /'flaʊə[r]//'g ɑ :dn/ (UK) The flower garden behind the Temple has the 77 Hoa viên Flower garden (n) /ˈ flaʊ .ɚ//ˈ symbol of National Soul. ɡ ɑ ː r.də n/ (US) Incense (n): substance that produces a pleasant Hương /ˈ ɪ n.sens/ Ex: We light some incense/ incense sticks for 78 smell when brunt (nhang) the martyrs (v): make sb very angry - Burn incense District 79 Huyện /ˈ dɪ strɪ kt/ We’re in District 1. Ward: phuong/ xa /'enә mi/ The enemy had succeeded in stopping our 80 Kẻ thù Enemy (n) supplies from getting through.

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Reclaim (v) The South of Vietnam was reclaimed a long 81 Khai hoang - Reclaimable (adj) /ri'kleim/ time ago - Reclaimation (n) /dɪ ˈ skʌ və 82 Khám phá Discover (v) You can discover the underground tunnel. / Ex1: Ben Duoc Temple of Martyr Memorial /ɪ ˈ nɔ ː .ɡ j was inaugurated in 1995 Inaugurate (v) ə .reɪ t/  TO inaugurate sb AS sth 83 Khánh thành - Inauguration (n) (UK) Ex 2: He’ll be inaugurated as President ≠ Close (adj, v) /ɪ ˈ nɑː .ɡ j Ex 3: In 2014, Dainam wonderland used to be ə .reɪ t/ (US) closed, they made the program free for all guests (By Tuổi Trẻ newspaper) If tourists want to pose as a Cu Chi guerilla, Checked scarf /ˈ tʃ ekə rd/ they can be showed by the local guide to dress 84 Khăn rằn = Black and white /skɑː rf/ up with broad-brimmed hat, rubber sandals, scarf loose-fitting blouse and checked scarf. 85 Khí hậu Climate (n) /’klaimit/ Vietnam's climate is tropical monsoon. They did venture into the tunnels which they searched exhaustively for 4 days, finding Kho vũ khí /ˌ æmjuˈ nɪ 86 Ammunition dump (n) ammunition, radio equipment, medical supplies trang bị ʃ n dʌ mp/ and food as well as the signs of considerable Viet Cong presence. Cassava /kə ˈ sɑː v 87 Khoai mì = Manioc Cassava is used as food in tropical countries. ə / = Tapioca root

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/smouk/ The alarm should go off automatically as soon 88 Khói Smoke (n) as smoke is detected. Contact (v)/(n) 89 Liên lạc /’kɑ :ntækt/ If you have any questions, please contact us.

Liên quan 90 Historical (adj) /his'tɔ rikə l/ Historical studies, historical novel. đến lịch sử Martyr (n): A person who is /ˈ mɑː .tə r/ killed because of their (UK) religious or other Ex: Martyrs made too many sacrifices for our 91 Liệt sĩ /ˈ mɑː tə / beliefs country. (US) (v): Kill (someone)

because of their beliefs /ˌ ventɪ ˈ le -One of the most important things about the ɪʃn/ Ventilation hole tunnels was the digging of ventilation holes. 92 Lỗ thông hơi = Air hole -There are manyventilation holes to get fresh /həʊl/ air down to tunnel systems. /hoʊ l/ /ˈ ɪ n.sens 93 Lư hương incence-burner (n) Ex: The incence-burner is on the altar 'bɜ :nə [r]/ All the shops were closed,so we could not buy 94 Lương thực Food (n) /fuː d/ any food. /ɡ rəˈ neɪ d Grenade is a small bomb that can be thrown by 95 Lựu đạn Grenade (n) / hand or fired from a gun.

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Roof (n): top covering of a building, car, etc 96 Mái nhà (v): cover sth with a /ru:f/ Three-door temple gate has a red roof roof - Roofing (n): material for making roofs Mạng /ˈ netwɜ ː k/  a rail/road/canal network 97 lưới/hệ Network (n) /ˈ netwɜ ː rk  Cu Chi Tunnels Network thống / To take the risk of something 98 Mạo hiểm Risk (v)/ (n) /‘ri:sk/ This service is for tourists who wouldlike to take risks and arenot afraid of the dark.  Sesame seeds may be tiny, but they have /ˈ sesə mi/ huge health benefits. 99 Mè Sesame seeds /siː ds/  Vietnamese Toasted Sesame Seeds and Peanut Salt (Muối Vừng) /ˌ vjet.nə ˈ Mẹ Việt Vietnamese mother 100 miː zˈ mʌ ð. Vietnamese mothers are so noble Nam (n) ə r/ 101 Mét Meter (n) /'mi:tə / A stone tablet is 3 meters high 102 Mìn Mine (n) /maɪ n/ Delay mine = Mìn nổ chậm /ˈ ɪ mɪ teɪ t 103 Mô phỏng Imitate (v) The starling bird can imitate the human voice. /

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- I don’t think we should expandour business in 104 Mở rộng Expand (v) /ɪ kˈ spænd/ the current economic climate. -A child’s vocabulary expands through reading.

Shrimp salt is traditional food of Tay Ninh. /ʃ rɪ mp One of the specialties in Tay Ninh is the famous 105 Muối tôm Shrimp salt (n) sɔ :lt/ shrimp salt which has been gaining a

worldwide popularity in the recent years.

Middle /'midl/ The inscription house’s in the middle of Ben 106 Nằm ở giữa - In the middle of Duoc Temple of Martyr Memorial /ˈ krɔː sro An Suong crossroads is the starting point of 107 Ngã tư Crossroads ʊ dz/ highway 22. Ngầm/ dưới Underground (adi)/ /ˌ ʌ ndə ˈ ɡ There are many underground Water Wells in 108 mặt đất (adv) raʊ nd/ Cu Chi. Ritual (n, adj) Ex: Incense-burning rituals /ˈ rɪ tʃ .u.ə l 109 Nghi lễ = Rite (n) IDM: rite of passage: ceremony or event that / =ceremony (n) marks an important stage in somebody’s life On January 15, 1973, President Richard Nixon /ˈ siː sfaɪə 110 Ngừng bắn Ceasefire (n) ordered a ceasefire of the bombings in North (r)/ Vietnam. Soldier (n) Người lính, 111 trooper, fighter, /'souldʒə/ My grandfather was a soldier. quân nhân warrior

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/ˈ pəʊ.ɪ t/ Poet (n) (UK) Ex: The poem of Viễn Phương poet was 112 Nhà văn = Writer /ˈ poʊ .ə t/ choosen  poem (n): bài thơ (US) /ðə The inscription house The inscription house’s in front of the main 113 Nhà văn bia in'skrip∫n (n) temple. haʊ s/ shelter (from something) protection from rain, /'ʃ eltə (r)/ danger or attack. 114 Nơi ẩn náu Shelter (n) They opened a shelter to provide Temporary housing for the city’s homeless. If tourists want to pose as a Cu Chi guerilla, /brɔ ː d/- Broad-brimmed cap they can be showed by the local guide to dress 115 Nón tai bèo /brɪ mid/ /hat up with broad-brimmed hat, rubber sandals, /kæp/ loose-fitting blouse and checked scarf. Mountain (n) - Mountaineer (n): A /ˈ maʊ n.tɪ n person who is skilled / (UK) Ex: The stone was taken from Ngũ Hành 116 Núi at climbing mountain /ˈ maʊ n.tə n Sơnmountain - Mountainous (n) / (US) - Mountaineering (n) /dɪ ˈ spɜ ː r -The seeds are dispersed by the wind. 117 Phân tán Disperse (v) s/ -The fog began to disperse. Artillery and mortar shells were landing in the 118 Pháo Shell (n) /ʃ el/ outskirts of the city.

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Nghĩa khác của Shell (n) vỏ ốc.

Idioms: “come out of your shell” (ra khỏi vỏ bọc/thật sự lột xác) He’s really come out of his shell since he met Marie. /ˈ trɪ bjʊ t(ə 119 Phụ lưu Tributary (adj, n) Bọ Cạp river is a tributary of Sài Gòn river. )ri/ We need to find some other means of transportation. 120 Phương tiện Means (n) /mins/ You can use a variety of means to go to the Cu Chi tunnel. /ˈ ɑː mi/ (UK)  US Army = American Army Quân Army (n) /ˈ ɑː rmi/ 121 đội/đoàn (plural: armies)  The American military bases. (US) quân = Military /ˈ mɪ lə tri/ (UK)

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/ˈ mɪ lə teri/ (US) Quân lính, 122 Military (n)/(adj) /'militri/ Military zone, military uniform quân đội Highway 22 123 Quốc lộ 22 Main road, main route, /ˈ hʌɪ weɪ / Highway 22 is about 58 km long. freeway Book (n) - Book (v): order sth in advance - Booking (n): arrangement that is Ex 1: It looks like a book /bʊ k/ (UK, 124 Quyển sách made in advance Ex 2: We want to book a room with a sea view US) - Bookkeeper (n): in the hotel person whose job is to keep an accurate record of the accounts of a business Thrive(v) – thrived – The movement of digging tunnels increasingly thrived thrived, stayed strong everywhere, the old and 125 Rầm rộ Thrive – throve – the young, boys and girls participated with thriven (US) excitement to establish fighting tunnel. /ˈ dʊərɪə 126 Sầu riêng Durian (n) Durian smells bad to some people. n/ /'rivə / Saigon River flows through the Cu Chi tunnels 127 Sông River (n)

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Sự bắn, sự 128 Shooting (n) /'∫u:tiη/ They are shooting the people. phóng đi Dig + into/for = search, reseach Sự đào, sự /dɪ g/ 129 Dig (v) Vietnam military dug Cu Chi tunnel in war. bới

 The 25thInfantry Division (Tropical Division (n) Lighting Division) = Sư đoàn Bộ binh số Sư đoàn  Infantry /dɪ ˈ vɪʒn/ 25 (Sư đoàn Tia Chớp Nhiệt Đới) 130 (quân sự) Division = Sư /ˈ ɪ nfə ntri/  The 1st Infantry Division (Red One đoàn bộ binh Division) = Sư đoàn Bộ binh số 1 (Sư đoàn Anh Cả Đỏ) The whiteness of polar bears provides camouflage Sự ngụy /'kæmə flɑ : 131 Camouflage (n) • a camouflage jacket (= covered with green and trang ʒ / brown marks and worn by soldiers) • troops dressed in camouflage. Stele (n) /'sti:li/ 132 Tấm bia The stele weighs 3,7 tons - Stelae (plural) 133 Tấn Ton (n) /tʌ n/ This stone weighs 18 tons Storey (n) /'stɔ :ri/ 134 Tầng - Storeys (plural) This tower has 9 storeys

=Floor (n)

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/ˈ beɪ s.mə Ex: Basement is located underground nt/ (UK) Basement (n):  Be based (v) + on: Dựa vào 135 Tầng hầm /ˈ beɪ s.mə Ex: Our company can design the tour itinerary nt/ (US) based on your requirements

-The US army dropped the bombs, but the /drɒ p/ 136 Thả (bom) Drop (v) locals took the fragments and sold them for /drɑː p/ scrap to buy food. 137 Tham quan Visit (v) /ˈ vɪ zɪ t/ We will visit Cu Chi tunnel next time. Admire (v) /ə d’maiə (r) Cu Chi Tunnels areadmired by works deep in 138 Thán phục Admiration (n) / the ground. Nobility /nə ˈ bɪ l.ə . = elegance (adj) ti/ (UK) Ex 1: A stork expresses Vietnamese’s nobility. 139 Thanh cao ≠ Coarse (adj), crude /noʊ ˈ bɪ l.ə Ex 2: His words are very coarse. (adj) .t̪i/ (US) /taʊər/ (UK) Bitexco tower is the highest tower in Ho Chi 140 Tháp Tower (n) /ˈ taʊ .ɚ/ Minh city. (US) 141 Thịt bò tơ Veal (n) /viː l/ Veal is the speciality of Cu Chi district. 142 Thưởng thức Enjoy (v) /in’dʒɔi/ You should come to enjoy this dish. Sightseeing tourists can use swan-shaped, / ʃ ip / 143 Thuyền Ship (n) kayak ship to enjoy the panoramic views of the

East-Sea-resembled Lake.

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Kayak excursion in Ben Duoc Ancestor (n /ˈ æn.ses.tə r Tiền hiền, - Ancestry (n): a line / (UK) Ex: The incense tables of ancestors are set on 144 hậu hiền of ancestor /ˈ æn.ses.tɚ/ the left and right. - Ancestral (adj) (US) /ˈ tɜ ː maɪ t Termite mounds are used to camouflage fightin 145 Tổ mối Termite mound / /maʊ nd/ bunkers. Solemn (adj-Solemnly (adv) - Solemness (n) /ˈ sɒ l.ə m/ Trang - Solemnity (n): A (UK) Ex: We must be solemn when we go to temples. 146 nghiêm thing people do at a /ˈ sɑː .lə m/ Ex 2: She’s in a cheerful mood serious event (US) = Serious (adj) ≠ Cheerful (adj) 147 Tranh chấp Dispute (v)-(n) /dɪ ˈ spjuː t/ Disputing area = vùng tranh chấp 148 Trầu Betel /ˈ biː .tə l/ Old people in Viet Nam often chew betel. Drum (n)(v) Ex: There are 5 drums in the main temple - Drummer (n): a Phrasal verb: person who plays /drʌ m/ (UK,  Drum sth INTO sb: teach sth to sbby 149 Trống drum US) frequent repeating. - Drumstick (n): A  Drum sth UP: try hard to get support, thing is used for customers, etc. beating a drum

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/ˈ hɛ lɪ ˌ k ɒ ptə r , Helicopter was used by America army in 150 Trực thăng Helicopter (n) ˈ hilɪ ˌ kɒ p Vietnam war. tə r/

Trung tâm Ho Chi Minh City has been a cultural and 151 Cultural center(n) /’kʌ ltʃə/ văn hóa economic centerof Viet Nam. Eternal (adj-Eternally /ɪ ˈ tɜ ː .nə (adv) Trường tồn, l/ (UK) 152 = everlasting, Ex: "Eternal flame" is my favourite song. vĩnh hằng /ɪ ˈ tɝ ː .nə perpetual, immortal… l/ (US) ≠ transient (adj) Tradition (n) - Traditional (adj) The old people in the village still observe the Truyền /trə 'di∫n/ 153 - Traditionally (adv) local traditions. thống ≠ innovation: a new The Tradition of heroism. idea or method Great (adj) This is the greatest experience during my visit 154 Tuyệt vời Fantastic (adj) /greit/ to the Cu Chi tunnels. Enjoyable (adj) In the middle of the main temple is the statue 155 Tượng Statue (n) /'stæt∫u:/ of Hồ Chí Minh. Tưởng commemorate (v) /kə 'memə 'r A statue has been built to commemorate the 156 nhớ/ghi nhớ eiʃ n/ rooth anniversary of the poet’s birthday.

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/ˈ faɪ tɪ ŋ/ 157 Ụ chiến đấu Fighting Bunker /ˈ bʌ ŋkə r/

158 Ủy viên Commissioner /kə 'mi∫ə nə / High commissioner (cao ủy) Ex: The main temple’s wall has pottery picture IDM:  Drive sb up the wall: to make someone extremely angry  Go to the wall: -to be destroyed or fail. To do everything you can 159 Vách Wall (n) /'wɔ :l/ -to achieve something or help someone (US)  Hit the wall: to reach a point when you are running, exercising, playingsports, etc. where you are so physically tired you feel you cannot continue

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Phrasal verb:  Wall sth/sb IN: surround sth/sb with a wall or barrier  Wall sth OFF: separate on place or area from another with a wall or bricks  Wall sth UP: block sth with a wall or bricks Văn bia, văn /ˈ ɛ pɪ tɑː f How would you like to be remembered in your 160 Epitaph mộ / epitaph? Vì nước Sacrificing yourselves Inside the main temple, on the top written: "Last quên mình – 161 for the sake of the we forget, sacrificing yourselve for the sake of Đời đời ghi countrylest we forget. the country" nhớ An instrument of attack or defense in combat, 162 Vũ khí Weapon (n) /ˈ wepə n/ as a gun, missile, or sword Seft-made weapons (n) = vũ khí tự tạo

/ˈ aɪən/ Vùng “Tam Iron Triangle /ˈ aɪərn/ 163 giác sắt” /ˈ traɪ æŋɡ l/

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The 25th Division of the U.S Army encamped in Dong Du base, Cu Chi (on January 3, 1965) and opened many violently mopping up operations in Cu Chi to destroy the “Iron Triangle”. /friː /-  a “free-strike zone” meaning that little (if Vùng oanh /straɪ k/ 164 Free-strike Zone any) permission was required to carry out tạc tự do /zəʊn/ (UK) any form of attack on the area. /zoʊ n/(US) Cross (v): go across sth, extend from one side to the other of sth /krɒ s/ (UK) (n): mark made by Ex: They’re crossing the river Vượt (qua /krɑː s/ 165 drawing one line IDM: Have a (heavy) cross to bear: Have a sông) (US) across another, a difficult problem to deal with

symbol of Christianity (adj): annoyed, angry - Crossness (n) - Crossly (adv) -The locals used hoes to dig in the soft ground /ˈ krəʊbɑ and used crowbars where the ground was ː (r)/ harder. 166 Xà beng Crowbar (n) /ˈ kroʊ bɑː -Cu Chi soldiers and locals dug out over r/ 250kms tunnels and trenches by rude tools, such as: hoes, shovels, bamboo baskets,…

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Build (v) - Build - built – built - Building (n): Ex: Ben Duoc Temple of Martyr Memorial was 167 Xây dựng /bɪ ld/ structure with a roof built in 1993 and walls. = Contruct (v) 168 Xe tăng Tank (n) /tæŋk/ Shred of tank = xác xe tăng

CÁC LOẠI BẪY CHÔNG

/ˈ swɪ ŋɪ ŋ/- 1 Chông bật Swinging-up trap /ʌ p/ /træp/ Swinging-up trap was used in the water. When soldiers would cross a stream, their leg would slide into the trap and any attempt to pull it out shoved the spikes farther into their leg.

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/dɔ ː (r)/ 2 Chông bổ Door trap /træp/

This is the full bodydoor trap and it was hidden above doors. The bottom row of spikes was designed for the genitals.

Chông cánh /ˈ wɪ ndoʊ / 3 Window trap cửa /træp/

A Window Trap opens like a window and full of metal spikes.

Chông cần /ˈ siː sɔ ː / 4 See-saw trap cối /træp/ The see-saw trap would swing and get the victim several times. When the victim steps on the side without spikes, the other side full of spikes will smash into the victim’s face or chest.

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/ˈ fəʊldɪ ŋ/ /ˈ foʊ ldɪ ŋ/ Chông ghế /tʃ eə (r)/ 5 Folding chair trap xếp /tʃ er/ Basically a small hole covered with leaves. The /træp/ victim’s foot is impaled when stood on.

6 Chông hom Fish trap /fɪʃ/ /træp/ This fish trap was stuck under a hidden hole that was covered with leaves or grass. When the soldier would fall in, his leg would get stuck in this trap like a fish or lobster trap. Mines would be put under the trap.

/ˈ klɪ pɪ ŋ/ Chông kẹp 7 Clipping armpit trap /ˈ ɑː rmpɪ t nách / /træp/

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/stɪ kɪ ŋ/ 8 Chông thò Sticking trap /træp/

/ 9 Chông tre Bamboo trap bæmˈ buː tr Vietnamese soldiers used bamboo trap in war. æp/

/ˈ rəʊlɪ ŋ/ Chông trụ /ˈ roʊ lɪ ŋ/ 10 Rolling trap quay This rolling trap was made so that when a /træp/ soldier would fall in, these spikes would rotate (turn around) and cut them all the way down their body.

/ˈ buː bi/ Hầm chông Booby trap with /træp/ 11 nắp tự động bamboo spikes /ˌ bæmˈ bu The locals dug a deep hole with a trap at the ː / /spaɪ ks/ bottom. Then, they camouflaged it to look like flat ground. The enemy would step on it and fall into the hole.

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MY THO – BEN TRE TOUR (*)Tham khảo từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, phiên bản lần 9

ST TIẾNG PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TIẾNG ANH GỢI Ý CÁCH DÙNG T VIỆT TẾ(*)  the high altar of the church/temple. 1 Án thờ/bệ thờ Altar (n) /ˈ ɔ ː ltə r/ The altars were decorated with images. /ˈ hɪərəʊ/ (UK) In 1861, the hero Nguyen Trung Truc 2 Anh hùng Hero (n) /ˈ hiː roʊ / (US) burned down the L’Esperance Warship at Nhat Tao canal. He always dressed in traditional Buddhist 3 Áo choàng Robe (n) /roʊ b/ robes. Three - step The Kh’leang Pagoda roof was built in a /θriː / /step/ 4 Bậc tam cấp staircase three-step staircase method, each has three /ˈ steə keɪ s/ (= Perron) layers. Retail /ˈ riː teɪ l/ -The recommended retail price is 2USD.  retailer (n) người -After leaving the wholesale market, we 5 Bán lẻ bán lẻ took off for a small retail market. -The buyers at the floating markets can also be sellers serving local retail markets. Wholesale /ˈ hoʊ lseɪ l/ Binh Tay Market is a big wholesale 6 Bán sỉ  wholesaler (n) /ˈ hoʊ lseɪ lə r/ market in Ho Chi Minh City. người bán sỉ Steamed rolls made *Steamed rolls made of rice-flour is a kind 7 Bánh hỏi of rice-flour of extremely thin noodles that are woven 155

(angel hair steamed into bundles and often topped with rolls vermicelli) chopped green onion and served with grilled pork. The trade of making girdle cake not only helps locals get out of poverty and Girdle-cake 8 Bánh tráng /ˈ ɡ ɜ ː rdl//- /keɪ k/ improve their lives, but also maintains a (Rice-paper) traditional culture of Vietnamese people.  Girdle-cake mix = bánh tráng trộn  presidential elections (bầu cử tổng thống) 9 Bầu cử Election (n) /iˈ lek.ʃən/  election campaign (chiến dịch vận động bầu cử) -We caught the ferry across the river. -The ferry departs at 8 p.m. 10 Bến phà Ferry station (n) /ˈ feri/ -There are many bus stops at Bình Khánh Ferry Station everyday. The patient was admitted to hospital 11 Bệnh nhân Patient (n) /ˈ peɪʃnt/ yesterday.  Patient (adj) = kiên nhẫn. Ho Chi Minh City borders Tay Ninh and Binh Duong Provinces to the North, Dong 12 Biển Đông East Sea (n) /iː st/ /siː / Nai and Ba Ria – Vung Tau Provinces to the East, Long An Province to the West and the East Sea to the South. Performance (n) /pə rˈ fɔ ː rmə ns/ -The performance starts at seven. 13 Biểu diễn Perform (v) /pə rˈ fɔ ː rm/

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-Please refrain from talking during the performance. - The coastline stretches for miles. 14 Bờ biển Coastline (n) /ˈ koʊ stlaɪ n/ - Viet Nam's coastline is 3260 kilometres long. Pumpkin flowers are used mainly in /ˈ pʌ mpkɪ n/ Southern Vietnamese cooking. They can 15 Bông bí Pumpkin flower /ˈ flaʊər/ be mixed into salads, stir-fried, put in a clear soup, or stuffed with prawn. Ben Tre Province has many specialties, such as: Chợ Lách rambutan, Cái Mơn Green-skin grape /ɡ riː n/-/skɪ n/ 16 Bưởi da xanh durian, Mỹ Lồng rice-paper, green-skin fruit /ˈ ɡ reɪ p.fruː t/ grape fruit, Binh Đai’s seafood, Phu Le rice-wine and coconut candies. -Anchovy is a small fish with a strong Anchovy salty flavour. 17 Cá cơm /ˈ æntʃ oʊ vi/ (pl. anchovies) -Southeast Asian fish sauce is often made from anchovies. Vietnamese Braised /ˌ vjetnə ˈ miː z/ While Pho may be a special treat to eat on Fish in Clay Pot /breɪ zd/ occassional weekends, Ca Kho Tois a dish 18 Cá kho tộ /kleɪ / /pɒ t/ that families routinely eat on a regular basis. Grilled mudfish by straw can be served Cá lóc nướng Grilled mudfish by /ɡ rɪ ld/ /mʌ d-fɪʃ/ 19 with rice noolde, vegetable, rice-paper and trui straw /strɔ ː / sweet and sour fish sauce.

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-In addition, tourists can be entertained Crocodile = withthe crocodile fishing, walking in the 20 Cá sấu /ˈ krɑː kə daɪ l/ Alligator fruit garden, buying handicrafts…  crocodile tears (nước mắt cá sấu) Fried yellow-tailed catfish??? Crispy fried elephant fish with ginger fish sauceis one of the most popular dishes in Giant gourami /ˈ dʒ ʌ ɪ ə nt Mekong Delta restaurant. Deep-fried and 21 Cá tai tượng (Elephant ear fish) ˈ ɡ ʊ ə rə mi/ mixed with rice noodles, lettuce, cucumber and pineapple stuffed into a rice paper wrap and dipped in a typically fresh Vietnamese sauce. -Pour the chocolate into a heart-shaped mould. -They broke the mould when they made Mould (n) you (= there is nobody like you). 22 Cái khuôn (especially US /moʊ ld/ -Idioms: “break the mould” (of something) English mold) = phá vỡ khuôn phép/quy tắc. Ex: She succeeded in breaking the mould of political leadership. /ˈ renə veɪ tid/ Cai Luong (Renovated Opera) appeared in 23 Cải lương Renovated Opera /ˈ ɒ prə / the Southern Vietnam in the 1920s. groove of the mould: khe rãnh của cái 24 Cái rãnh Groove (n) /ɡ ruː v/ khuôn Fish sauce is a source of inspiration for 25 Cảm hứng Inspiration (n) /ˌ ɪ nspə ˈ reɪʃn/ Vietnamese literature.

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“Nước mắm ngon dầm con cá đối – Em biểu anh chờ để tối em qua”. -Betel and areca are essential gifts in the engagement and wedding ceremonies as well as during conversations in Vietnam. 26 Cau Areca = betel nut /ˈ e-riə -kə / -Betel and areca are used to start talking and help people become closer and more open with each other. Overbridge = /ˈ oʊ və rbrɪ dʒ / Overbridges reduce traffic-jams in Ho Chi overpass. Minh City in the rush-hour. 27 Cầu vượt  Foot overbridge /fʊ t ˈ oʊ və rbrɪ dʒ / -Many temples throughout the Buddhist world have Bodhi trees. 28 Cây bồ đề Bodhi Tree (n) /‘boʊ dɪ / /triː / -In front of the Pagoda, there is a statue of Shakyamuni Buddha meditating under the Bodhi Tree. The pine trees are honored Chinese 29 Cây tùng Pine (n) /paɪ n/ symbols for long life. Chánh The main hall is decorated with many 30 Main sanctuary/hall /ˈ sæŋktʃ ueri/ điện/điện thờ statues made out of wood and terracotta. Limes and lemons are from the same Chanh vỏ 31 Lemon /ˈ lem.ə n/ citrus fruit family rich in vitamin C but vàng different in color.

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Limes and lemons are from the same Chanh vỏ 32 Lime /laɪ m/ citrus fruit family rich in vitamin C but xanh different in color. Europe (n). The front of the pagoda is designed in a /ˈ jʊ rə p/ 33 Châu Âu  European (n): style that mixes European and Asian /ˌ jʊ rə ˈ piː ə n/ người Châu Âu architecture. As the Mekong River enters Cambodia, it broadens and is eventually divided into 34 Chi lưu/nhánh Branch (n) /bræntʃ / two main branches – the Upper River and the Lower River. Warship (n) /ˈ wɔ ː rʃɪp/ In 1861, the hero Nguyen Trung Truc 35 Chiến hạm burned down the L’Esperance Warship at Nhat Tao canal. -The tropical fruits are transported on small boats to floating markets where they /ˈ fləʊtɪ ŋ/ 36 Chợ nổi Floating market are sold to wholesale dealers. /ˈ mɑː kɪ t/ -Floating markets are held every morning from 5:00 to about 9:00. Chổng chéo/  a criss-cross of streets. 37 chằng chịt Criss-cross (n) /ˈ krɪ s krɔ ː s/  The delta is quite flat and criss- nhau crossed by rivers and canals. Chữ cái How many letters are there in the English 38 Latin alphabet /ˈ lætn/ /ˈ ælfə bet/ Latinh alphabet? -Idioms: my lips are sealed (kín như bưng) 39 Chữ triện Seal character /siː l/ /ˈ kærə ktə r/ (used to say that you will not repeat somebody’s secret to other people)

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 sour apples 40 Chua Sour (adj) /ˈ saʊər/  a sour flavour  sweet-and-sour: chua ngọt -The Nguyen Lords set up their administration in the late 17th century. -Idioms: Lord (only) knows (what, where, 41 Chúa Nguyễn The Nguyen Lord /lɔ ː rd/ why, etc.)… - CÓ CHÚA MỚI BIẾT! Ex: “Why did she say that?” - “Lord knows!”

/ˈ mʌ ðə r/ Mother of 5 Chuẩn Đề Bồ 42 Buddhas of Tát /ˈ kɑː rdɪ nl/ Cardinal Directions /dɪ ˈ rekʃ n/

43 Cơ sở vật chất Facility (n) /fə ˈ sɪ lə ti/  a hotel with only basic facilities

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 All rooms have private facilities (= a private bathroom). (live) Larva coconut /ˈ lɑː rvə / -Worms live on the tops of coconut trees. worm /ˈ koʊ kə nʌ t/ They are white, fat and as big as the little Con đuông (pl. larvae) /wɜ ː rm/ fingers. 44 dừa /ˈ lɑː viː / -The most popular dish in local restaurants is fresh worms served with chili fish- sauce. Unicorn Island is one of four outstanding /ˈ juː .nɪ .kɔ ː rn/- 45 Cồn Lân Unicorn island islands (Phoenix island, Dragon Island and /ˈ aɪ .lə nd/ Turtle island) of Mekong river. Dragon Island is the most populated island /ˈ dræɡ .ə n/- of all 4 islands. 46 Cồn Long Dragon island /ˈ aɪ .lə nd/ Bee honey tea and the rice-wine are characteristics in this island. 47 Con nai Deer (n) /dɪə(r)/

Clam

48 Con nghêu /klæm/

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Located 3 km from My Tho, the Phoenix /ˈ fiː .nɪ ks/- 49 Cồn Phụng Phoenix island island is also known as the island of the /ˈ aɪ .lə nd/ coconut religion. En-route we stopped on Turtle Island to /ˈ tɜ ː rtl/- 50 Cồn Quy Turtle island see handicrafts of coconut and candy that /ˈ aɪ .lə nd/ are made there.  a group of tropical islands. 51 Cồn/đảo Island (n) /ˈ aɪ lə nd/  He owns a house on the island. -Differing from the other traditional Cổng tam /θriː / /dɔ ː r/ 52 Three-door entrance pagodas, this pagoda hasn't gotthe three- quan /ˈ entrə ns/ door entrance. Ho Chi Minh City is one of the technological centers of the country. You Công viên /ˈ sɔ ː ftwer/ 53 Software Park can find The Quang Trung Software Park phần mềm /pɑː rk/ in District 12 and The Saigon Hi-tech Park in District 9. Specalty (n) /ˈ speʃəlti/  Local specialities: đặc sản địa Speciality (n) /,spəʃ i'æliti/ phương. Đặc sản Speciality /ˌ speʃ .iˈ æl.ə .ti/  local speciality (đặt sản địa phương) 54 Tien Giang Province is well known for its production of speciality - mango and milk fruit.

This musical art is performed at parties, 55 Đám cưới Wedding (n) /ˈ wedɪ ŋ/ wedding and on the boats along the green canals.

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-Hundreds of people attended the funeral. - A funeral march (nhạc đám ma) 56 Đám tang Funeral (n) /ˈ fjuː nə rə l/ -Idioms: it’s your funeral (đó là việc riêng của anh) Đan Bau is a Vietnamese monochord, a 57 Đàn bầu Monochord (n) /ˈ mɒ nə kɔ ː rd/ traditional one-string musical instrument. According to ancient carvings, the moon- Đàn nguyệt /muː n-ʃ eɪ pt/ 58 Moon-shapedlute shaped lute appeared in Vietnam in the (kìm) /luː t/ 11th century. The đan nhi (also called đàn cò) is a /tuː /-/strɪ ŋd/ 59 Đàn nhị (cò) Two-stringed fiddle Vietnamese bowed string instrument with /ˈ fɪ dl/ two strings. Vietnam has a population of nearly 92 60 Dân số Population (n) /ˌ pɑː pjuˈ leɪʃn/ million. Dân tộc thiểu /ˈ eθnɪ k/ The school has 70% of ethnic minority 61 Ethnic minority số /maɪ ˈ nɔ ː rə ti/ students. Vietnamese /ˌ vjetnə ˈ miː z/ The Vietnamese sixteen-stringed zither sixteen-stringed /ˌ sɪ ksˈ tiː n- appeared in Vietnam in the time of the 62 Đàn tranh zither strɪ ŋd/ Tran dynasty (12th-13th centuries). sixteen-chord zither /ˈ zɪ ðə r/ -The drink tasted bitter. -Black coffee leaves a bitter taste in the 63 Đắng Bitter (adj) /ˈ bɪ tə r/ mouth. *Idioms: -a bitter pill (for somebody) (to swallow)

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(a fact or an event that is unpleasant and difficult to accept) “sự thật cay đắng” Islam (n) /ɪ zˈ lɑː m/ You can find the Cham minority in An  Islamic (adj): /ɪ zˈ lɑː mɪ k/ 64 Đạo Hồi Giang Province, who are mostly Islamic thuộc về Hồi followers. giáo -Hictorically, traditional family structures Confucianism (n) /kə nˈ fjuː ʃənɪ z in Vietnam were strongly influenced by 65 Đạo Khổng  Confucius: ə m/ Confucianism. Khổng Tử -Confucius lived to the age 73. Buddhism (n) /ˈ bʊ dɪ zə m/  Buddhist: /ˈ bʊ dɪ st/ Phật tử /ˈ bʊ də /  Buddhism has the greatest number  Buddha (n) of followers in Vietnam. Phật/tượng Phật /ˌ θerə ˈ vɑː də /  Most of Khmer ethnic people follow 66 Đạo Phật  Theravada Theravada Buddhism. (Southern  There are about 600 Khmer Buddhism /ˌ mɑː həˈ jɑː nə Theravada pagodas in the Mekong  Mahayana / Delta. (Northern Buddhism) - Christianity is the religion that is based Christianity (n) /ˌ krɪ stiˈ ænə ti/ on the teachings of Jesus Christ and the Đạo Thiên 67  Catholic (n): tín /ˈ kæθlɪ k/ belief that he was the son of God. Chúa đồ Công giáo -Notre Dame Cathedral is the biggest Catholic Church in Ho Chi Minh City.

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/ˌ ɑː rkiəˈ lɑː dʒ Long An province is well known for the 68 Di chỉ khảo cổ Archeological site ɪ kl//saɪ t/ Bình Tả archeological sites. Heritage (n) /ˈ herɪ tɪ dʒ / -The country has a long and proud  Intangible /ɪ nˈ tændʒəbl/ heritage. Cultural -Folk songs are part of our common 69 Di sản Heritage: Di sản heritage. văn hóa phi vật -Art of Amateur Folk Music in Southern thể Vietnam was recognized as the Intangible Cultural Heritage by Unesco in 2013. The map shows the topography of the 70 Địa hình Topography (n) /tə ˈ pɒɡrə fi/ island.

Địa Tạng 71 King of Hell /kɪ ŋ/ /ə v/ /hel/ Vương Bồ Tát

- to arrive at/reach your destination. Ex: At around 3.00 p.m. we reached our final destination. 72 Điểm đến Destination (n) /ˌ destɪ ˈ neɪʃn/ Ex2: The island is an ideal holiday destination. Ex3: The city has become a popular destination for backpackers.

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Diện tích/Khu Meadow Farm is 50 square kilometers in 73 Area (n) /ˈ eriə / vực area. Sculpture (n) /ˈ skʌ lptʃər/ The statue of Amida Buddha in the Phat  sculptor (n) nhà Tich Pagoda was one of the first works of 74 Điêu khắc điêu khắc Buddhist sculpture in the North of Vietnam. Định cư/ổn The Chinese came to settle in the present 75 Settle (v) +in… /ˈ setl/ định Cho Lon in 1778.  a collection of oriental porcelain. 76 Đồ sứ/sành Porcelain (n) /ˈ pɔ ː rsə lɪ n/  The design is copied from Japanese porcelains of the fourteenth century. Handicraft (n)  Handicraft Villages = Làng nghề. Đồ thủ công (North American 77 /ˈ hændikræft/  Traditional handicrafts bought by mỹ nghệ English also tourists. handcraft) Độc tấu/đơn After three years with the band he decided 78 (play a) solo (v)… /ˈ soʊ loʊ / ca to go solo. Ben Tre province is the homeland of “the Đội quân tóc /ˈ lɔ ː ŋher/ 79 Long-hair Army long-hair army” in the war against the US dài /ˈ ɑː rmi/ and Saigon administration. The first ever national Don Ca Tai Tu (Vietnamese) /ˈ æmə tə r//foʊ k/ 80 Đờn ca tài tử Festival was held in Bac Lieu Province Amateur folk music /ˈ mjuː zɪ k/ from April 20 to 25, 2014. /brɒ nz/ Most of statues are made from cooper and 81 Đồng Bronze/Copper /ˈ kɒ pə (r)/ wood.

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Đồng bằng The Mekong Delta was established 2500 82 Delta (n) /ˈ deltə / (sông) years ago.  a dense forest.  areas of dense population. Đông đúc/rậm Dense (adj) 83 /dens/ Ex: With more than 17 million inhabitants, rạp  densely (adv) Mekong Delta is one of the most densely populated regions in Vietnam. Finnally, you group and swap candy into 84 Đóng gói Package (v)/(n) /ˈ pækɪ dʒ / packages.(n): bưu kiện, gói hàng /ˈ iː kəʊtɔ ː rɪ zə Some of the most popular attractions to Du lịch sinh m/ (UK) travelers in Dong Thap Province are 85 Eco-tourism (n) thái /ˈ iː koʊ tʊ rɪ zə m/ flower villages of Sa Dec, Tram Chim (US) National Park, Xeo Quit ecotourism site. -The leaves of nipa palm are one of the most commonly used material for 86 Dừa nước Nipa (nipa palm) /ˈ niː pə / thatching. -Leaves of the nipa palm are used by locals as roof material for thatched houses Ho Chi Minh City is about 1760km from Đường chim 87 as the crow flies /kroʊ //flaɪ z/ Hanoi Capital City by land and 50km to bay the East as the crow flies. The Thu Thiem Tunnel is an underground 88 Đường hầm Tunnel (n) /ˈ tʌ nl/ road tunnel designed to cross the Saigon River in Ho Chi Minh City.  Japanese enamel tiles (gạch men 89 Gạch men Enamel tile /ɪ ˈ næml/ /taɪ l/ Nhật)

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-Bears do love honey and are attracted to beehives. -Idioms: like a bear with a sore head (cáu 90 Gấu Bear /beə (r)/ kỉnh, gắt gỏng) I should keep out of his way. He’s like a bear with a sore head this morning. Sampan is the major means of transport 91 Ghe tam bản Sampan (n) /ˈ sampan/ for people in Mekong Delta. Vietnamese sunken- /ˌ vjetnə ˈ miː z/ In 1930, the Vietnamese sunken-fret guitar Ghita phím 92 fret guitar (A guitar /ˈ sʌ ŋkə n-fret/ was added in Amateur Folk Music’s lõm with a sunken fret) /ɡ ɪ ˈ tɑː r/ instruments. -Spices have a strong taste and smell. -Common spices such as ginger and cinnamon. 93 Gia vị Spice (n) /spaɪ s/ -Idioms:  the spice of life: gia vị cuộc sống Ex: We need an exciting trip to add some spice to our lives. Traffic (n) /ˈ træfɪ k/  heavy/rush-hour traffic: giao thông [uncountable] vào giờ cao điểm  Sea traffic -We were stuck in heavy traffic for over 94 Giao thông  Road traffic an hour.  Rail traffic -The traffic was terrible on the way here.  River traffic -Traffic was lighter than usual.  Air traffic

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/ˈ dʒ ak – fruː t/ This statue is made from jackfruit tree 95 Gỗ mít Jack-fruit tree wood /triː / /wʊ d/ wood. Offer/make a -We are always open to suggestions. suggestion = to -If nobody has any other/further 96 Góp ý /səɡˈ dʒ estʃən/ contribute one’s suggestions, we’ll move on. idea  ginger ale = gingerade: thức uống ướp gừng. 97 Gừng Ginger /ˈ dʒɪ ndʒər/  gingerly (adj) = thận trọng, cẩn thận.  Bettter comes with ages = Gừng càng già càng cay.  a blood sample. Hàng mẫu, 98 Sample (n) /ˈ sæm.pə l/  samples of tissue. mẫu thử  Coconut candy samples. Passenger = Ex1: A taxi is picking up a passenger traveller, tourist. outside the hotel. 99 Hành khách /ˈ pæsɪ ndʒə(r)  Fellow passenger Ex2: She introduced me to some of her (n) fellow tourist(bạn đồng hành)  a corridor that leads to the kitchen. 100 Hành lang Corridor (n) /ˈ kɔ ː rɪ dɔ ː r/ Go along the corridor, turn left, and you’ll see his office in front of you. Luggage = Baggage /ˈ lʌ ɡ ɪ dʒ / - Can I leave my hand-luggage here? 101 Hành lý /ˈ bæɡɪ dʒ / - The car has a lot of luggage space. Rectangle (n) /'rek,tæɳ gl/ Please, cut the candy into small 102 Hình chữ nhật Rectangular (adj) /rekˈ tæŋɡ jə lə r/ rectangular pieces.

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Buddhists use Chrysanthemums as offerings on altars because they Chrysanthemum 103 Hoa cúc /krɪ ˈ sænθə mə m/ symbolizes powerful Yang energy. (Yin /Daisy and Yang: âm dương - in Chinese philosophy) The Orchid is a symbol of perfection and 104 Hoa lan Orchid (n) /ˈ ɔ ː rkɪ d/ elegance. Apricot (n) /ˈ æprɪ kɑː t/ Apricot and peach trees are the signal of 105 Hoa mai blossom (n) /'blɔ sə m/ spring season. The Peony is the national flower of China.

Peony (Flower) 106 Hoa mẫu đơn /ˈ piː ə ni/ (pl. peonies)

Horizontal lacquered board /ˌ hɒ rɪ ˈ zɒ ntl/ 107 Hoành phi (engraved with /ˈ lækə rd/ /bɔ ː rd/ Chinese character) = Horizontal Panels

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Wonton (n) /ˌ wɒ nˈ tɒ n/  Dim sum = điểm /ˌ dɪ m ˈ sʌ m/ tâm  Há cảo = Shrimp dumpling My wife had the chicken and mushroom 108 Hoành thánh  Sủi cảo = Pork soup, while I had duck noodles and fried dumpling wontons and beer.  Cháo quẩy = Finger-shaped soufflé batter/ fried bread sticks The theme of the third Coconut Festival 109 H ội nhập Integration (n) /ˌ ɪ ntɪ ˈ ɡ reɪʃn/ 2012 is “Ben Tre Province on the way to Integration and Development”. Rockery (n) /ˈ rɑː kə ri/ (US) There is a rockery courtyard behind the (pl. rockeries) /ˈ rɒ kə ri/ (UK) temple. 110 Hòn non bộ (also rock garden)  open-air courtyards (sân Thiên Tỉnh)

On behalf of ABC Company, I’d like to /koʊ ˌ ɑː pəˈ reɪ 111 H ợp tác Cooperation (n) thank all of you for your cooperation and ʃ n/ for joining our tour. Tour guide = a Ex1: I will be your tour guide during the person who shows next few hours. Hướng dẫn other people the 112 /tʊə(r)ɡ aɪ d/ Ex2: He works as a tour guide in Bangkok. viên way to a place, Ex3: We hired a local guide to get us across especially the mountains. somebody 172

employed to show tourists around interesting places.  the legend of Robin Hood  Legend says that the forest is cursed. 113 Huy ền thoại Legend (n) /ˈ ledʒənd/  Legends say that Vietnam has a history of four thousand years and that Vietnamese are descendants of a Dragon King and Fairy Queen.  The delta is quite flat and criss- 114 Kênh đào Canal (n) /kə ˈ næl/ crossed by rivers and canals. The city has a warm climate.  Nhiệt đới gió mùa: tropical climate 115 Khí hậu Climate (n) /ˈ klaɪ mə t/  Mùa khô: dry season  Mùa mưa: rainy season Depart (v) = to /dɪ ˈ pɑː t/ - Departure position (n): điểm xuất phát. leave a place, /dɪ ˈ pɑː tʃər/ - Depart (for…) (from…): Flights for especially to start a Rome depart from Terminal 3. trip. Ex1: She waited until the last of the guests  Departure (n) had departed. 116 Kh ởi hành ------Ex2: Ladies and gentlemen, our bus will /ə ˈ raɪ v/ Opposite: Arrive (v) depart in 2 minutes. - Idioms: Depart this life (=to die) People say “depart this life” to avoid saying ‘die’.

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Can Gio District is home to Can Gio Khu bảo tồn /ˈ baɪ ə ʊ sfɪə(r)//r Mangrove Forest, which has been listed 117 Biosphere reserve sinh quyển ɪ ˈ zɜ ː rv/ as the biosphere reserve by Unesco in 2000. Ho Chi Minh City is one of the technological centers of the country. You Khu công 118 Hi-tech Park /haɪ -tek/ /pɑː rk/ can find The Quang Trung Software Park nghệ cao in District 12 and The Saigon Hi-tech Park in District 9. There are many industrial zones in Ho Chi Khu công /ɪ nˈ dʌ striə l//zoʊ n 119 Industrial Zone Minh City nowadays, such as: Tan Binh, nghiệp / Tan Tao, Song Than and etc. Khu tưởng /mə ˈ mɔ ː riə l/ -Nguyen Dinh Chieu Memorial Complex 120 Memorial Complex niệm /kə mˈ pleks/ -Nguyen Thi Dinh Memorial Complex  stir something. She stirred her tea. Stir the paint before you use it. Stir (v)(n) 121 Khu ấy/trộn /stɜ ː r/  stir something in. =mix Stir in the milk until the sauce thickens.  Idioms: “stir the blood” (to make somebody excited) khuấy động… Dơi, which means “Bat” in English, is one 122 Ki ến trúc Architecture /ˈ ɑː rkɪ tektʃər/ of the most beautiful pagodas with typical Khmer architecture.

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The most valuable collection is the 18 Arhats made from jackfruit tree wood in 1907.

Arhat 123 La Hán /ˈ ɑː hə t/  18 Arhats

You can visit some of traditional career /trə ˈ dɪ ʃ ə nl/ villages in Ho Chi Minh City, such as: Làng nghề Traditional career 124 /kə ˈ rɪ r/ Betel leaves and vegetables growing in Hoc truyền thống village /ˈ vɪ lɪ dʒ / Mon District, Lacquer village in Cu Chi District,… Lập dị, quái 125 Eccentric (n-adj) /ɪ kˈ sentrɪ k/ Most people considered him as eccentric. gở The fourth Coconut Festival was /ˈ koʊ kə nʌ t/ 126 L ễ hội dừa Coconut Festival organized in Ben Tre Province on April 7- /ˈ festɪ vl/ 13.

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Get on/in /get/ /ɔ n/ Get in a car ------Get on a train/bus 127 Lên xe Opposite: Get off /get/ /ɔ :f/ Ex: Get on the vehicle and take your seats, please. Let me introdude the itinerary of the day. Itinerary (n) Your itinerary includes a visit to (pl. itineraries) = a Stonehenge. plan of a journey, 128 L ịch trình /aɪ ˈ tɪ nə rə ri/ including the route  a detailed itinerary and the places that We had to follow a very detailed itinerary. you visit. He drew up a detailed itinerary. The pagoda has many horizontal lacquered boards and parallel sentences. Vertical parallel panels (engraved /ˈ vɜ ː rtɪ kl/ 129 Li ễn đối with Chinese /ˈ pærə lel/ character) = Parallel /ˈ pænl/ sentences

Lyric songs = ca khúc trữ tình.??? Lyric poetry = thơ trữ tình???./ poetry 130 L ời ca khúc Lyric (n)/(adj) /ˈ lɪ rɪ k/ which is in the form of songsand reveals the poet’s personal thoughts. 131 Lũ, ngập lụt Flood (n) /flʌ d/  flood damage.

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 The child was in floods of tears (= crying a lot).  as slippery as an eel (trơn tuột như lươn) 132 Lươn Eel (n) /iː l/  be slippery as an eel (lủi như chạch)  electric eel = cá chình điện, lươn điện. Mix the coconut milk with malt syrup and 133 M ạch nha Malt syrup (n) /mɔ ː lt/ /ˈ sɪ rə p/ cook the mixture. Shrimp paste is often an ingredient in dip 134 M ắm ruốc Shrimp paste /ʃ rɪ mp/ /peɪ st/ for fish or vegetables. In Vietnam, there are basically two kinds 135 Mãng cầu (na) Custard apple (n) /ˈ kʌ stə d, æpl/ of custard apples: firm and soft. -Honey bag: bọng ong 136 M ật ong Honey (n) /ˈ hʌ ni/ -Honey skin: da bánh mật  a fertile region/valley. Màu mỡ, phì 137 Fertile (adj) /ˈ fɜ ː rtl/ Mekong Delta is considered as the most nhiêu fertile region of Vietnam. -This meat is extremely tender. -Boil the beans until they are tender. -Idioms: at a tender age, at the tender age of… 138 M ềm Tender (adj) /ˈ tendə r/ (used in connection with somebody who is still young and does not have much experience) Ex: He left home at the tender age of 15. 177

Ex: She shouldn't be having to deal with problems like this at such a tender age. Yeast (n) /jiː st/ -Yeast is used to make beer and wine. 139 Men rượu  Fermentation: sự -Sugar is converted into alcohol by a lên men /ˌ fɜ ː menˈ teɪʃn/ process of fermentation. -She is the beloved disciple of Jesus. 140 Môn đồ Disciple (n) /dɪ ˈ saɪ pl/ -18 Arhats are the eighteen disciples of Buddha.

/ˈ tær.əʊ/ (UK) The locals called this place "Hóc Môn", 141 Môn Nước /ˈ ter.oʊ / (US) meaning "the corner with taro".

 Partially-dried cuttlefish (Mực một 142 M ực nang Cuttlefish (n) /ˈ kʌ tlfɪʃ/ nắng) Salt /sɔ ː lt/  pepper-and-salt (adj): tóc hoa râm, 143 Mu ối  Salty (adj) mặn /ˈ sɔ ː lti/ tóc muối tiêu  white salt = muối ăn  Strawberry jam. /ˈ mɑː rmə leɪ d/ 144 M ứt Marmalade = Jam  Idioms: “be in a jam” /dʒ æm/ (informal) to be in a difficult situation Grate the copra and press them to extract 145 N ạo (dừa) Grate (v) /ɡ reɪ t/ the coconut milk. Shrimp and Lotus Rootlets Salad = Gỏi 146 Ngó sen Lotus Rootlet /ˈ loʊ tə s/ /ˈ ruː tlit/ ngó sen tôm thịt. 178

Binh Chanh is one of the suburban 147 Ngo ại thành/ô Suburban (n) /sə ˈ bɜ ː rbə n/ districts in Ho Chi Minh City. -Do not place the Jade Emperor statue on the floor or in your bathroom and kitchen. Jade Emperor /dʒ eɪ d/ 148 Ng ọc Hoàng -The Jade Emperor Pagoda is located at 73 = King of Heaven /ˈ empə rə r/ Mai Thi Luu Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. -I need a cup of hot sweet tea. -You look sweet in this photograph. -We stayed in a sweet little hotel on the seafront. 149 Ng ọt Sweet (adj) /swiː t/ -Idioms: keep somebody sweet (mật ngọt chết ruồi) Ex: You’d better keep her sweet if you want her to lend you the money. Vegetarian (n) /ˌ vedʒəˈ teriə n/ Người ăn -Are you a vegetarian? 150  Vegan (n) người /ˈ viː ɡən/ chay -I’m a strict vegan. ăn chay trường  Street vendors. Người bán 151 Vendor(s) /ˈ vendə r/ Jewellery, food and beverage are offered hàng rong by street vendors at every corner. -These shirts are 100% pure cotton. -There are many beaches of pure white Nguyên 152 Pure (adj) /pjʊə(r)/ sand in Vietnam. chất/tinh khiết - Much of the population still does not have access to pure drinking water.

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Ancient house /ˈ eɪ nʃənt/ /haʊ s/ Binh Thuy Ancient House is a historical 153 Nhà cổ and architectural spot in this area. Thatched House The farmer's thatched house is built 154 Nhà lá (Vietnamese /θætʃ t/ /haʊ s/ normally for practical uses rather than thatched cottage) beauty. Though it is called the 100-pillar house, it 100-pillar ancient /ˈ hʌ ndrə d/- 155 Nhà trăm cột has a total of 120 pillars, with 68 of them house /ˈ pɪ lə r/ /haʊ s/ main pillars. This pagoda provided shelter for 156 Nhà yêu nước Patriot (n) /ˈ peɪ triə t/ Vietnamese patriots during the American War. /ˈ mjuː zɪ kl/ Traditional musical instrument: nhạc cụ 157 Nh ạc cụ Musical instrument /ˈ ɪ nstrə mə nt/ truyền thống -Early works of a composer: tác phẩm đầu tay của nhạc sĩ. /mjuˈ zɪʃn/ 158 Nh ạc sĩ Musician/Composer -The hundredth anniversary of the /kə mˈ poʊ zə r/ composer’s death: lễ kỷ niệm lần thứ 100 ngày mất của nhà soạn nhạc. Incense /ˈ ɪ nsens/  Incense isburned in a corner of the - An incense stich: room. 159 Nhang cây nhang  This incense burner was made of - Incense burner: lư /ˈ ɪ nsens/ ceramic that was shipped here from hương /ˈ bɜ ː rnə r/ China.  Tongue full of venom: miệng lưỡi 160 N ọc độc Venom/Poison /ˈ venə m/ độc ác. (His voice was full of venom).

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 Snake venoms work in several ways. There are 24 urban and suburban districts 161 N ội thành/ô Urban (n) /ˈ ɜ ː rbə n/ in Ho Chi Minh City. Interior /ɪ nˈ tɪəriə (r)/ The original interior of the house has been 162 N ội thất Oposite: Exterior /ɪ kˈ stɪəriə (r) replaced. (ngoại thất) Coconut milk /ˈ koʊ kə nʌ t/ -Copra (n) cơm /mɪ lk/ dừa (the dried meat /ˈ kɑː prə / Grate the copra and press them to extract 163 Nư ớc cốt dừa of the coconut from the coconut milk. which oil is extracted) Soft drink /sɔ ː ft/ /drɪ ŋk/ -“Xá xị”/Sarsiis one of the soft drink that Nước giải  International does not contain alcohol in Vietnam. 164 khát/nư ớc beverage -Do you fancy a soft drink with the meal? ngọt company Soy sauce is a thin dark brown sauce that Soy sauce (n) /ˌ sɔɪ ˈ sɔ ː s/ 165 Nư ớc tương is made from soya beans and has a salty (soya sauce) taste, used in Asian cooking. /ˈ briː dɪ ŋ/ A lot of people here earn a living by 166 Nuôi trăn Breeding of python /ˈ paɪ θə n/ breeding of python and growing lotus. These bees visited flowers in search of 167 Ph ấn hoa Pollen (n) /ˈ pɒ lə n/ pollen. This is a statue of Buddha at Birth with the Phật Đản /ˈ bʊ də / /ə t/ 168 Buddha at Birth right arm pointing to heaven and the left Sanh /bɜ ː rθ/ arm pointing to Earth. 181

Buddha of the You should purchase a Laughing Buddha Future /ˈ bʊ də / /ə v/ /ðə / statue with gold nuggets. It is believed he 169 Ph ật Di Lạc = Laughing Buddha /ˈ fjuː tʃə(r)/ will bring wealth and prosperity to a home = Prosperity or business. Buddha Medicinal Buddha is the Buddha of /mə ˈ dɪ sɪ nl/ 170 Ph ật Dược Sư Medicinal Buddha healing and medicine in Mahayana /ˈ bʊ də / Buddhism. The Buddha who is the founder of the 171 Ph ật Thích Ca Sakyamuni Buddha / 'ʃ aː .kjə .mʊ .nɪ / Buddhism religion is called Buddha Shakyamuni. Tomb of Junior Doctor Nguyen Sinh Sac /ˈ dʒ uː niə r/ 172 Phó bảng Junior Doctor is the famous group of cultural, historical /ˈ dɑː ktə r/ relics of Đong Thap Province.  a Chinese system for deciding the right position for a building and for /ˌ feŋ ˈ ʃ uː i/ = 173 Phong thủy Feng-shui (n) placing objects inside a building in /ˌ fʊ ŋ ˈ ʃ weɪ / order to make people feel comfortable and happy. - The custom died out in the 19th century. - It is the custom in that country for 174 Phong tục Custom (n) /ˈ kʌ stə m/ women to marry young. *Customs = Hải quan. Buddha of /ˈ bʊ də / /ə v/ Phổ Hiền Bồ 175 Universal /ˌ juː nɪ ˈ vɜ ː rsl/ (riding on a white elephant) Tát Knowledge /ˈ nɑː lɪ dʒ /

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/ˈ draɪ və (r)//ə ˈ s The driver assistant will take care ofthe 176 Ph ụ xế Driver Assistant (n) ɪ stə nt/ machine in action and keep our bus clean. /rɪ ˈ neɪ sns/ (UK) It features both Asian and European 177 Ph ục Hưng Renaissance /ˈ renə sɑː ns/ (US) Renaissance.  a herbal remedy.  Beyond remedy: vô phương cứu Phương thuốc/ Remedy (n) chữa. 178 /ˈ remə di/ -Ginger is a popular remedy for morning Thần dược (pl. remedies) sickness. -The best home remedy for a sore throat is honey and lemon.

179 Qu ả địa cầu globe /ɡ loʊ b/ tourists from every corner of the globe

Commander Nguyen Huu Canh was sent Quản lý/quản /ə dˌ mɪ nɪ ˈ streɪ by the Nguyen Lords to establish the first 180 Administration (n) trị ʃ n/ Vietnamese administration called Gia Dinh city in 1698. Goddess of Mercy is considered as a /ˈ ɡɒdə s/ /ə v/ 181 Quan Thế Âm Goddess of Mercy Guardian Angel of Buddhism. She can /ˈ mɜ ː rsi/ heal the sick in the heart and body.

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Snakes, mostly pythons and cobras are 182 R ắn hổ mang /ˈ koʊ brə / raised for producing venom and antivenin, for skins and for food.

Cobra

In the Southern Vietnam, morning glory is /bɔɪ ld/ Rau muống Boiled morning often chopped into thin fish-sauce and 183 /ˈ mɔ ː rnɪ ŋ/ luộc glory eaten as salad or served with many kinds /ˈ ɡ lɔː ri/ of noodles. Rừng ngập Mangrove Forest /ˈ mæŋɡ roʊ v//ˈ fɔ My guests got lost in the mangrove forest. 184 mặn ː rɪ st/ 10 kilograms of rice can produce 7 to 8 185 Rư ợu đế Rice-wine /raɪ s/ /waɪ n/ liters of the strong rice-wine (or 10 liters of the weak kind) Sân chim Vàm Hồ Bird /bɜ ː rd/ Vam Ho Bird Sanctuary is a famous 186 Vàm Hồ Sanctuary /ˈ sæŋktʃ ueri/ tourist attraction of Ben Tre Province. Vietnamese often play bamboo on the 187 Sáo trúc Bamboo flute /ˌ bæmˈ buː //fluː t/ fields when taking a rest. 188 S ắt Iron (n) /ˈ aɪərn/ The central Iron Gate is always closed. Song lan The Percussion is used for beating time. 189 Percussion (n) /pə rˈ kʌʃ n/ (loan)

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 a piano duet Song tấu/song  The host of the show did a duet with 190 Duet (n) /duˈ et/ ca one of the guests.  a duet for piano and violin You can visit some of traditional career villages in Ho Chi Minh City, such as: 191 Sơn mài Lacquer (n) /ˈ lækə r/ Betel leaves and vegetables growing in Hoc Mon District, Lacquer village in Cu Chi District,… As the Mekong River enters Cambodia, it broadens and is eventually divided into 192 Sông Hậu Lower/Bassac River /ˈ loʊər//ˈ rɪ və r/ two main branches – the Upper River and the Lower River. As the Mekong River enters Cambodia, it broadens and is eventually divided into 193 Sông Tiền Upper River /ˈ ʌ pə r//ˈ rɪ və r/ two main branches – the Upper River and the Lower River. Sự cấp Emergency (n) -I always have some extra cash with me 194 /iˈ mɜ ː rdʒənsi/ bách/khẩn cấp (pl. emergencies) for emergencies.

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 Trạm cấp cứu: -This door should only be used in an first-aid station emergency  Talent (for something/for doing something): they have a talent for 195 Tài năng Talent (n) /ˈ tælə nt/ literature and music. The festival attracts talent from all over the country. Driver (n) = a - A bus/train/ambulance/taxi driver. 196 Tài xế person who drives a /ˈ draɪ və (r)/ Ex: Let me introduce our driver today: vehicle Mr.Bảo. He is very funny and careful. Tam tấu/tam 197 Trio (n) /ˈ triː oʊ /  a trio for piano ca The Vietnamese believe that Kitchen God 198 Táo quân Kitchen God /ˈ kɪ tʃɪn/ /ɡɒd/ takes care of the kitchen and protects the family. Tàu không  Shuttle bus: xe buýt chạy tuyến 199 (space) shuttle /ˈ ʃʌtl/ gian đường ngắn. Mekong Delta is considered the country’s 200 Th ặng dư Surplus (n) /ˈ sɜ ː rplə s/ rice basket that produces enough rice to feed the country and a surplus for export. Holy land of /ˈ hoʊ li/ /lænd/ /ə v/ Thánh địa Next, we will visit Phoenix Island and find 201 Coconut Religion /ˈ koʊ kə nʌ t/ Đạo Dừa out the Holy land of Coconut Religion. (Medium Religion) /rɪ ˈ lɪ dʒən/ - It was built in the 20th century. Century (n) 202 Th ế kỷ /ˈ sentʃəri/ - The city’s population doubled during the (pl. centuries) 19th century.

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= a period of 100 - Idioms: the turn of the century/year. years Ex: It was built at the turn of the century.  religious meditation (sự thiền định)  meditations on the cause of society’s 203 Thi ền định Meditation (n) /ˌ med.ə ˈ teɪ .ʃən/ evils (sự suy ngẫm về những điều ác trong xã hội) 204 Thiêng liêng Sacred (adj) /ˈ seɪ krɪ d/  a sacred image/shrine/temple. Stewed pork with /stjuː d/ /pɔ ː rk/ caramel/ Braised /ˈ kærə mel/ Stewed pork with caramel is one of the pork 205 Th ịt kho tàu many classic examples of Vietnamese (Pork braised in home-cooking at its best. coconut juice with eggs) Ancestor worship in Vietnam is not a 206 Th ờ cúng Worship (n)(v) /ˈ wɜ ː rʃɪp/ religion.

 a vat of whisky. 207 Thùng gỗ Vat (of wood) /væt/  VAT /ˌ viː eɪ ˈ tiː / - the abbreviation for “value added tax”. There are many stores in Cho Lon selling /ˌ tʃ aɪ ˈ niː z/ Chinese traditional Chinese traditional medicine. 208 Thu ốc Bắc /trə ˈ dɪ ʃ ə nl/ medicine  Idioms: Laughter is the best medicine. /ˈ medɪ sn/ (Một nụ cười bằng 10 thang thuốc bổ) Thuốc chữa 209 (snake) Antivenin /æntiˈ vinin/ How much Antivenom is available? rắn cắn 210 Thu ộc địa Colony /ˈ kɑː lə ni/  life in colonial times 187

(pl. colonies)  a colonial power  Colonial (adj): /kə ˈ loʊ niə l/ Ex: The history of tobacco growing is thực dân associated with colonialism and slavery.  Colonialism (n): /kə ˈ loʊ niə lɪ zə m (/ˈ sleɪ və ri/ sự chiếm hữu nô lệ) chủ nghĩa thực / dân Built in 1849 by the Venerable Huệ Đăng, Thượng The Venerable 211 /ˈ venə rə bl/ Vĩnh Tràng Pagoda is one of the biggest tọa/Sư trụ trì (n)(adj) Pagodas in the Mekong Delta.  Economic development potential. 212 Ti ềm năng Potential (adj)/(n) /pə ˈ tenʃ l/  Potential tourism. Garlic is a vegetable of the onion family 213 T ỏi Garlic (n) /ˈ ɡ ɑ ː rlɪ k/ with a very strong taste and smell, used in cooking to give flavour to food. You might wear a protective suit, with a hat and netting that covers your face, when 214 T ổ ong Beehive (n) /ˈ biː haiv/ you are collecting or checking on your beehives, to avoid being stung.  tea plant (cây trà)  tea with milk (trà sữa)  lemon tea (trà chanh) 215 Trà Tea (n) /tiː /  iced tea (trà đá)  jasmine tea (trà lài)  tea ceremony (trà đạo)

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Trái bưởi Pomelo 216 /ˈ pɒ mə ləʊ/ (chùm)

The Rambutan has its origin in the tropical Trái chôm low-lands of Malaysia. Today, the 217 Rambutan /ramˈ b(j)uː t(ə )n/ chôm rambutan is grown in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam.  a bunch of bananas (1 nải chuối)  Idioms (slang): go bananas = nổi 218 Trái chuối Banana /bə ˈ næn.ə / điên. (He lost his job and just went bananas). Vietnamese Green Papaya salad with 219 Trái đu đủ Papaya /pə 'paiə / shrimp is one of my favourite dishes. Idioms: the rough end of the pineapple Trái dứa (Australian English, informal) a situation 220 Pineapple /ˈ paɪ nˌ æp.ə l/ (thơm) in which somebody is treated badly or unfairly. Watermelon is a favourite fruit used 221 Trái dưa hấu Watermelon /ˈ wɔ ː tə mɛ lə n/ during Tet (Lunar New Year) holiday in Vietnam.

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Persimmon can be placed on the altar on 222 Trái hồng Persimmon /pə rˈ sɪ mə n/ anniversaries and lunar New Year festivals in Vietnam. Star-fruit is a must in certain Vietnamese 223 Trái khế Star-fruit /ˈ stɑː fruː t/ dishes as garnishes. Fruit such as pineapples, coconuts, 224 Trái khóm Pine-apple /ˈ painap(ə )l/ oranges, mangoes, bananas, apples, and lychees are subject to seasonal availability. /per/ (US) Pears are an excellent source of fiber (chất 225 Trái lê Pear /peə (r)/ (UK) xơ) and a good source of vitamin C. Mangosteen season in Vietnam lasts 226 Trái măng cụt Mangosteen /ˈ mæŋɡ ə ʊ ˌ stiː n/ around May to August. Soak the tamarind in a little water and take 227 Trái me Tamarind /ˈ tam(ə )rɪ nd/ out the pulp. Jackfruit vendors can be found around the 228 Trái mít Jack-fruit (n) /ˈ dʒ ak – fruː t/ streets of Vietnam, where they cut it up and sell it in many sizes. Longan is a traditional fruit in Vietnam, 229 Trái nhãn Longan /ˈ lɒ ŋɡ (ə )n/ closely related to the lychee, and grown in the Mekong Delta region. After all of this traveling, it's time to stop 230 Tr ại nuôi ong Bee-farm (n) /bi:/ /ˈ fɑː m/ and relax a bit at a local bee-farm, where you can enjoy tasty tea with local honey. Guavas are common tropical fruits 231 Trái ổi Guava /ˈ ɡ wɑː .və / cultivated and enjoyed in many tropical regions.

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“Buddha’s-hand” fruit

232 Trái phật thủ /ˈ bʊ də / ‘s /hænd/

In Northern Vietnam, the plate of fruits traditionally contains five to eight types: a 233 Trái quýt Tangerine (n) /ˈ tæn.dʒə.riː n/ bunch of bananas, a grapefruit, “Buddha’s-hand” fruit, a lemon, oranges, tangerines, apples, or persimmons. Đồng Tâm Snake Farm is one of the Snake Farm country’s largest snake-raising centers 234 Tr ại rắn (Snake-Rising /’sneɪ k-fɑː rm/ where venom is produced for local use and Center) export. The durian’s seeds can also be eaten when 235 Trái sầu riêng Durian /ˈ dʊ r.i.ə n/ cooked. Dragon-fruit tastes very similar to a kiwi Trái thanh 236 Dragon-fruit /ˈ draɡ (ə )n – fru:t/ with the texture of a pear. Don’t worry, the long seeds are edible.

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To eat the lychee, dig your nail into the 237 Trái vải Lychee (litchi) /ˈ laitʃ iː / stem and peel the skin away. Don’t bite into the seed, please. “Vú sữa” means “milk from the breast” in 238 Trái vú sữa Milk-fruit /mɪ lk – fru:t/ Vietnamese. Milk-fruit can be found in Vietnam and is grown locally in Can Tho. /,sæpou'dilə / Sapodilla was imported to Viet Nam from 239 Trái Xabôchê Sapodilla = sapota /sə 'poutə / Central America a long time ago. Trầm tích/ bồi The Mekong Delta was formed by 240 Sediment (n) /ˈ sedɪ mə nt/ lắng sediment of the Mekong River. Betel = the leaves of /ˈ biː tl/ -Betel and areca are essential gifts in the a climbing plant, engagement and wedding ceremonies as chewed by people in well as during conversations in Vietnam. 241 Tr ầu Asia. -Betel and areca are used to start a  18 betel garden conversation and help people become villages (18 thôn closer and more open with each other. vườn trầu)  Buddhist philosophy. 242 Tri ết học/lý Philosophy /fə ˈ lɑː sə fi/ His tutor encouraged him to read widely in philosophy.  to play the drums.  the drum of rain on the roof: tiếng 243 Tr ống Drum (n) /drʌ m/ mưa gõ nhịp trên mái nhà.  Idioms: drum something into someone’s head - “lãi nhãi bên tai”,

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“nói đi nói lại như trống đánh bên tai” Mekong Delta is suitable for rice and fruit 244 Tr ồng trọt Cultivation (n) /ˌ kʌ ltɪ ˈ veɪʃn/ tree cultivation and fish farming.

245 Trư ởng đoàn Tour leader (n) /tʊə(r)ˈ liː də (r)/ Our tour leaders are all fluent in English.

-Coconut Monk (Nguyễn Thành Nam) 246 Tu sĩ Monk (n) /mʌ ŋk/ -Monks of the religion were permitted to wed up to nine wives candidate for something /ˈ kæn.dɪ .də t/ (thích hợp cho một việc nào đó) 247 Ứ ng cử viên Candidate (n) /ˈ kæn.dɪ .deɪ t/ There are 3 candiadates standing in the election. Vietnam, a traditional country with 4000 248 Văn hóa Culture (n) /ˈ kʌ ltʃər/ year culture, is an interesting place for tourists to discover. Văn Thù Bồ Buddha of /ˈ bʊ də / /ə v/ 249 (riding on a blue lion) Tát Awareness /ə ˈ wernə s/ Ex1: The hotel is in a central location near the market place. 250 V ị trí địa lý Location (n) /loʊ ˈ keɪʃn/ Ex2: Ho Chi Minh City is located in the Southeast of Vietnam. The Mekong Delta borders Cambodia in 251 V ịnh Thái Lan Gulf of Thailand /ɡʌlf/ the North, the Gulf of Thailand in the West and the East Sea in the East.

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Select a right coconut and remove husks 252 V ỏ dừa Husk (n) /hʌ sk/ from it. They had a very good crop of rice last year. /krɒ p/  rice paddies (= rice fields) 253 V ụ mùa Crop/Harvest /ˈ hɑː vɪ st/  harvest time Farmers are extremely busy during the harvest. Vườn cây ăn 254 Orchard (n)) /ˈ ɔ ː rtʃərd/ Apple/Orange/Rambutan/Guava orchards quả The first kingdom in the Mekong Delta in 255 Vương quốc Kingdom (n) /ˈ kɪ ŋdə m/ the 1st century was the Funan Kingdom. It takes us about 2 hours on the National 256 Xa lộ Highway (n) /ˈ haɪ weɪ / Highway 1A. /ˈ bʊ də / After his death, Buddha’s Cremation The Buddha’s 257 Xá lợi Phật /krə ˈ meɪʃn/ Relics were divided into 8 royal families Cremation Relics /ˈ relɪ k/ and his disciples.  a carriage and pair (xe 2 ngựa)  carriage free (miễn phí cước) 258 Xe ngựa Carriage (n) /ˈ ker.ɪ dʒ /  a graceful carriage (dáng đi yểu điệu) -The islands export sugar and fruit. 259 Xu ất khẩu Export (v) /ɪ kˈ spɔ ː rt/ -Last year 2000 birds were exported from the island.

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TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO

Tim Doling, Exploring Hồ Chí Minh City (Nhà Xuất Bản Thế Giới, 1 Hà Nội, 2014)

Sài Gòn - Hồ Chí Minh City (Song Ngữ Anh - Việt) 2 Tác giả: LADY BORTON (Chủ biên), HỮU NGỌC (Chủ biên), Xuất bản: 2006 - NXB: Thế giới

3 Lonely Planet Vietnam (Travel Guide) – 2012

4 Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, phiên bản lần thứ 9

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Từ điển Cambridge Advanced learner’s Dictionary – Phiên bản lần 3 5

6 World Heritage in Viet Nam, Tổng cục Du lịch, 2014

“Viet Nam Tourist Guidebook” - Trung tâm Thông tin du lịch (Tổng 7 cục Du lịch)

Bài học môn Ngoại ngữ Chuyên ngành, khoa Lữ hành, trường CĐN 8 DU LỊCH SÀI GÒN Các Website: http://ditich.dinhdoclap.gov.vn/en-us/trang-chu.aspx 9 http://www.baotangchungtichchientranh.vn/ http://baotanglichsuvn.com/ http://diadaocuchi.com.vn/

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MHÓM BIÊN SOẠN

Nhóm Tour tham quan nội thành Nhóm Tour Mỹ Tho – Bến Tre Nhóm Tour Củ Chi TP HCM Đào Đức Duy Khang CĐLH05N01 Phạm Thị Hồng Thắm CĐHD03N01 Trần Ngọc Lữ Phong CĐHD10N01 Nguyễn Hữu Gia Huy CĐHD09N02 Nguyễn Thị Anh Đào CĐLH08N01 Nguyễn Thị Phương Trân CĐHD10N01

Võ Nguyễn Toàn Khoa CĐLH05N01 Võ Thanh Nhàn CĐHD05N01 Giang Gia Huệ CĐLH08N01 Nguyễn Ngọc Thảo CĐHD05N01 Trần Hải Phong CĐLH04N01 Nguyễn Băng Thanh CĐHD09N02 My Phạm Hoàng Phúc CĐHD08N01 Phạm Minh Thái CĐLH04N02 Trần Thị Huỳnh Nga CĐLH04N02

Nguyễn Lê Như Ý CĐLH07N02 Phạm Thị Huỳnh Như CĐHD08N01 Trần Minh Hoàng CĐHD08N01

Khấu Minh Thái CĐLH07N01 Trần Thanh Quỳnh Như CĐLH06N01 Tạ Nguyễn Hoàng Tuấn CĐLH07N02

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