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Biorestoration Management Plan Appendix 10 – Description of Trees

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Biorestoration Management Plan Appendix 10 – Description of Trees Biorestoration Management Plan Appendix 10 – Description of Trees for Biorestoration TAP AG CAL00-PMT-601-Y-TTM-0002 Rev. No.: 3 Doc. no.: Biorestoration Management Plan Doc. Title: Appendix 10 – Description of Trees for Page: 1 of 7 Biorestoration Appendix 10 – Description of Trees for Biorestoration Contents 1. Description of tree species used for Reforestation ....................................................................... 2 1.2 Black alder (Alnus glutlnosa) ........................................................................................................ 2 1.3 Austrian oak (Quercus cerris) ....................................................................................................... 2 1.4 Black Poplar (Populus nigra) ........................................................................................................ 2 1.5 Bladder-senna (Colutea arborescens) .......................................................................................... 2 1.6 Bladder-senna (Colutea arborescens) .......................................................................................... 2 1.7 Corneilian cherry (Comus mas) .................................................................................................... 2 1.8 Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) ................................................................................................. 3 1.9 Italina cypress (Cupressus sempervirens).................................................................................... 3 1.10 Downy oak (Quercus pubescens) ................................................................................................. 3 1.11 European smoketree (Cotinus coggygria) .................................................................................... 3 1.12 Beech (Fagus sylvatica)................................................................................................................ 3 1.13 Narrow-leafed ash (Fraxinous angustfolla) ................................................................................... 3 1.14 Hungarian oak (Quercus conferta or Q. frainetto) ........................................................................ 4 1.15 Judas tree (Cercis Siliquastrum) ................................................................................................... 4 1.16 Cade juniper (Juniperus oxycedrus) ............................................................................................. 4 1.17 Kermes oak (Quercus coccifera) .................................................................................................. 4 1.18 Narrow-leafed Elm (Ulmus campestris) ........................................................................................ 4 1.19 Norway maple (Acer platanoides) ................................................................................................. 4 1.20 Pedunculate Oak (Quercus Pendunculata) .................................................................................. 5 1.21 Black pine (Pinus nigra) ................................................................................................................ 5 1.22 Oriental plane (Platanus Orientalis) .............................................................................................. 5 1.23 Almond-leafed pear (Pyrus amygdaliformis)................................................................................. 5 1.24 Evergreen oak (Quercus Ilex) ....................................................................................................... 5 1.25 White willow (Salix alba) ............................................................................................................... 5 1.26 Scarlet firethorn (Pyracantha coccinea) ........................................................................................ 5 1.27 Whitebeam (Sorbus spp) .............................................................................................................. 6 1.28 Spanish broom (Spartium junceum) ............................................................................................. 6 1.29 Spiny broom (Calycotome villosa) ................................................................................................ 6 1.30 Strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo) .................................................................................................. 6 1.31 Terebinth (Pistacia terebinthus) .................................................................................................... 6 1.32 Turkish pine (Pinus brutia) ............................................................................................................ 6 1.33 Elm Tree (Ulmus sp) ..................................................................................................................... 6 1.34 Valonia oak (Quercus macrolepis) ................................................................................................ 6 1.35 White poplar (Populus alba) ......................................................................................................... 7 1.36 Yellow Kidney Vetch (Anthyllis hermaniae) .................................................................................. 7 TAP AG CAL00-PMT-601-Y-TTM-0002 Rev. No.: 3 Doc. no.: Biorestoration Management Plan Doc. Title: Appendix 10 – Description of Trees for Page: 2 of 7 Biorestoration 1. DESCRIPTION OF TREE SPECIES USED FOR REFORESTATION The following tree species have been selected for reforestation of the TAP RoW. Locations of species planting are identified in subsequent site specific sections. 1.2 Black alder (Alnus glutlnosa) Characteristic deciduous, humid tree with a height of 20-30 m. The bloom takes place February-March and the maturing of the seeds in October. It grows in deep and liquid, clay-sandy soils, often almost in the water, in streams or rivers, usually in the Mediterranean vegetation zone, at altitudes of 0-1500 m. It is a photophilic species, grows quickly at an early age, fixes the banks very effectively and is very resistant to pruning and flooding. It mainly occurs in North and Central Greece but extends to the Northwest Peloponnese, and to some of the larger islands. It spreads in most parts of Europe, North Africa, Anatolia and the Caucasus. Species resistant to atmospheric pollution, capable of capturing atmospheric nitrogen with rootstocks. 1.3 Austrian oak (Quercus cerris) Tree of 25-30 m height, with broad, conical crown. The trunk diameter reaches 2 meters. The bark is dark colored at the beginning, but later is ash-colored. The dry bark is characterized by elongated slits, deep and red inside, and very narrow horizontal. The plant is monoecious, and the flowering period is between April and May. The fruit consists of a cup-shaped nut (acorn) stalked up to 2.5cm. It matures in October - November of the 2nd year from flowering. The species is moderately photophilous and resistant to cold. It needs deep, fertile, wet, loose soil for optimum growth but can also tolerate moderate soils. It is a species with distribution in the zone of deciduous broadleaved in pure or mixed stands with broadleaves (mainly beech), fir and black pine forest, almost throughout the country. 1.4 Black Poplar (Populus nigra) Deciduous tree, dioecious, rapid growth, reaching 20-30 meters high with pyramidal crown. Leaves light green. Resistant to atmospheric pollution. It thrives in almost all soils, with the liquid and deep preference. It is in bloom in April, and the seeds mature in June. The species is biphobic, and prefers the wet soil. 1.5 Bladder-senna (Colutea arborescens) Dense shrub up to 6m high, with downy young twigs. It is a shrub of the zone of evergreen broadleaved and the warmest area of deciduous broadleaved. It is a hermetic species and occurs in roadsides, river banks and forest clearances. The flowers are usually yellow with brownish spots grouped 3-8 in trusses and bloom between May and August. 1.6 Bladder-senna (Colutea arborescens) It is a bush that reaches up to 3 m. It has a rounded shape with many branches and is deciduous. The leaves are light green and consist of many pairs of slightly hairy oval leaves, each about 3 cm long. The flower is a yellowish inflorescence and looks like a pea of about 3 cm in length. The fruit is an inflated bladder that dries on paper texture. It is 2 to 3 cm long and contains many seeds. It spreads in the Mediterranean areas, in shingles all over the Territory. 1.7 Corneilian cherry (Comus mas) It is a deciduous shrub or a small tree of 3 - 8 m height that is found in forests and shrubs all over Greece, preferably in light limestone soils. It has a spherical bark with ash-yellow and twigs of hard, heavy gray-green and rosary on the sunny sides. Leaf buds are opposed to pseudo-vertebrae, divergent, hairy with two scales, while flowering are larger pedicles with more scales. It blooms in winter (January - February) while its flowers remain for about 2 months. The fruits mature at the end of August early September whenever they get a bright red glossy color. Shrub with yellow leaves that turn red in autumn. It has white flowers in May and white fruit in the autumn. Cultivated in neutral, humus soils with moderate water requirements. It spreads everywhere in forests. TAP AG CAL00-PMT-601-Y-TTM-0002 Rev. No.: 3 Doc. no.: Biorestoration Management Plan Doc. Title: Appendix 10 – Description of Trees for Page: 3 of 7 Biorestoration 1.8 Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) It is a shrub-tree with a height of 5 to 15 meters, common mainly in the northern hemisphere.
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