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NSF 07-137, Arctic Research in the United States, Volume 20, 2006

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NSF 07-137, Arctic Research in the United States, Volume 20, 2006 This document has been archived. Department of the Interior The Department of the Interior performs biological, physical, engineering, and social science research; conducts mapping, monitoring, and assessment programs throughout Alaska and its offshore regions; and manages department lands in Alaska. These activities are performed by services or bureaus, each with administrative and technical offices located in Alaska. charter establishing the Oversight Group for the The North Slope NSSI, consisting of the following: Science Initiative • The Mayor of the North Slope Borough; • The President of the Arctic Slope Regional Alaska’s North Slope encompasses 233,500 Corporation; square kilometers of diverse and unique ecosys- • The Commissioner of the Alaska Department tems rich in natural resources. The North Slope of Fish and Game; Science Initiative (NSSI) is intended to enhance • The Commissioner of the Alaska Department the quality and quantity of the scientific informa- of Natural Resources; tion available for aquatic, terrestrial, and marine • The Regional Director of the U.S. Geological environments on the North Slope and make this Survey; information available to decision-makers, govern- • The Regional Director of the U.S. Fish and mental agencies, industry, and the public. Wildlife Service; Established by Congress in the Energy Policy • The Regional Director of the Minerals Man- Act of 2005, the NSSI will focus on prioritization of agement Service; pressing natural resource management and eco- • The Regional Director of the National Marine system information needs, coordination and coop- Fisheries Service; eration among agencies and organizations, com- • The Regional Director of the National Park petitive selection of approved projects, enhanced Service; and information availability, and public involvement. • The State Director of the Bureau of Land The Alaska leadership of ten local, state, and Management. Federal land and resource agencies, including the The U.S. Arctic Research Commission and the Arctic Slope Regional Corporation as the largest Department of Energy serve as advisors to the private landowner on the North Slope, signed a Oversight Group. Resource management agencies administering the resources of the North Slope of Alaska, include those at the local, state, and Federal level. 15 Budget While the Energy Policy Act authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this initiative, no appropriations have yet passed Congress. Contributions from the member agencies have been pooled to fund the position of Executive Director and some high-priority field studies. A dedicated long-term funding source that meets the objectives of the NSSI is currently being pursued. 2005 Activities The Oversight Group met several times in 2005 to receive briefings on current North Slope inven- tory, monitoring, and research activities being conducted by each member agency, as well as the oil and gas industry, related organizations, and the various institutes within the University of Alaska. Hydrology study. BLM Objectives incorporated in the NSSI charter and USGS are cooperat- include to: A database of all activities, now being compiled, ing to establish additional • Identify and prioritize information needs for will provide access for all project leaders to deter- hydrologic gauging sta- inventory, monitoring, and research activities mine potential opportunities for collaboration and tions on the North Slope. to address the individual and cumulative increased communication. effects of past, ongoing, and anticipated The charter for the Science Technical Group development activities and environmental (STG) was drafted by the Oversight Group and change on the North Slope; approved by the Secretary of the Interior. As • Develop an understanding of information required by the Energy Policy Act, the STG will needs for regulatory and land management consist of a representative group of not more than agencies, local governments, and the public; 15 scientists and technical experts from diverse • Focus on prioritization of pressing natural professions and interests, including the oil and resource management and ecosystem informa- gas industry, subsistence users, Native Alaskan tion needs, coordination, and cooperation entities, conservation organizations, wildlife man- among agencies and organizations; agement organizations, and academia. Members of • Coordinate ongoing and future inventory, the STG will provide advice on proposed invento- monitoring, and research activities to minimize ry, monitoring, and research functions. The Secre- duplication of effort, share financial resources tary of the Interior appointed the STG members in and expertise, and assure the collection of January 2006. quality information; • Identify priority needs not addressed by agency science programs currently in effect and develop a funding strategy to meet those needs; • Provide a consistent approach to high-caliber science, including inventory, monitoring, and research; • Maintain and improve public and agency access to accumulated and ongoing research and contemporary and traditional local knowl- edge; and Nesting goose on the North Slope. Researching the • Ensure through appropriate peer review that potential disturbance effects from aircraft, vehicles, the science conducted by participating agen- pedestrians, and facility noise on populations of molting cies and organizations is of the highest tech- geese is critical prior to development in areas of high- nical quality. density waterfowl populations. 16 Young caribou. Determin- ing the effects of North Slope development on caribou populations and harvests is a priority for NSSI. Priorities for the Future sensitive to development on the North Slope have been identified as priorities for the NSSI: The NSSI has developed an understanding of • Regional long-term hydrologic gauging sta- the scientific information needed by researchers tions in areas of potential development; and land managers. A 2004 assessment identified a • Caribou populations and harvest (the effects need to develop infrastructure and communication of ice roads and facilities on habitat use and pathways to support the continued exchange of migration; disturbance effects from vehicle information relevant to the North Slope. These in- and aircraft traffic, seismic exploration, and clude identifying and incorporating major endeav- drilling activities; and potential displacement ors, such as National Science Foundation pro- from areas of high forage quality, possibly grams for global climate monitoring and research affecting rates of reproduction and survival); and interfacing with initiatives such as North Pa- • Molting geese (the disturbance effects of air- cific Research Board. The 2004 assessment also craft, vehicles, pedestrians, and facility noise, identified several areas where improvement is potentially affecting survival); needed to afford a more complete understanding • Potential impacts to fish caused by changes and analysis of Arctic environments. The assess- in hydrology from infrastructure and road- ment indicated incomplete baseline data for the ways (including ice roads), and changes in North Slope at both spatial and temporal scales, water quality caused by water withdrawals or insufficiently organized data management, and a sedimentation and scouring during spring lack of coordination to maximize and leverage data floods; use. The NSSI Science Strategy, developed in • Change in access to subsistence resources concert with member agencies, provides a broad (altered distribution or abundance of subsis- strategy for identifying priorities and addressing tence resources and physical or perceptual development issues. An Implementation Plan will barriers to subsistence users); be developed this year that incorporates a moni- • Alteration of predator/prey relationships toring plan to more efficiently assess the impacts (increased predator populations resulting of oil and gas exploration and development on from human developments and activities, and various surface resources of the National Petro- any resulting adverse impacts on prey spe- leum Reserve–Alaska (NPRA) and to determine cies); the effectiveness of current mitigation measures • Impacts to local cultural systems (any changes and management policies. The following areas to the sharing network that may result from within the biological, physical, and social systems altered subsistence activities); 17 Seal hunters. Access to subsistence resources, including altered distribu- tion or abundance of wildlife and physical or perpetual barriers to subsistence users, must be addressed as develop- ment expands into new areas of the North Slope. • Populations of cliff-nesting raptor species ing technology that reduces the development (effects of disturbance and habitat loss); footprint. The NSSI will help to integrate and coor- • Effects on migrating bowhead whales in dinate an approach to making science-based autumn (deflection of migrations from noise resource decisions that consider the findings of associated with barging, seismic exploration, agencies, researchers, and industry. Further devel- and drilling in marine waters); opment of the NSSI depends on continued sup- • Populations of threatened eider species port and interest from the U.S. Federal government (effects of collision and oil spill related mortal- and relies on participation from Federal, state, and ity, increased predator density, habitat loss, local stakeholders, research institutes, and the
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