DOCSLIB.ORG

And Project W-17-5, Jobs 14.3R

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
And Project W-17-5, Jobs 14.3R ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME JUNEAU, ALASKA STATE OF ALASKA William A. Egan, Governor DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME James W. Brooks, Commissioner DIVISION OF GAME Frank Jones, Director Donald McKnight, Research Chief WOLF REPORT by Robert O. Stephenson and Loyal J. Johnson Volume XI Project Progress Report Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Project W-17-4, Jobs 14.3R, 14.4R, 14.5R, 14.6R and 14.7R Project W-17-5, Jobs 14.3R, 14.4R, 14.5R, 14.6R and 14.7R (1st half) Persons are free to use material in these reports for educational or informational purposes. However, since most reports treat only part of continuing studies, persons intending to use this material in scientific publications should obtain prior permission from the Department of Fish and Game. In all cases, tentative conclusions should be identified as such in quotation, and due credit would be appreciated. (Printed April 1973) JOB PROGRESS REPORT (RESEARCH) State: Cooperators: Robert O. Stephenson (Arctic) and Loyal Johnson (South­ central) Project Nos. : W-17-4 & Project Title: Big Game Investigations W-17-5 Job No. : l4.3R Job Title: C~aracteristics of Exploited Wolf Populations Job No. : 14.4R Job Title: The Spring and Summer Food Habits of Alaskan Wolves Job No. : l4.5R Job Title: The Condition and Charac­ teristics of Ungulate Prey Taken by Wolves Job No.: 14.6R Job Title: Characteristics of Wolf Den Sites Job No.: :l;.4.7R Job Title: RadiO Telemetry of Wolves in Northern Alaska Period Covered: July I, 1971 to December 31, 1972 SUMMARY Estimates of wolf population density were made in the northcentral Brooks Range in the spring and fall of 1971 and in the fall of 1972. Our data suggest that density increased from 1 wolf/124 miles2 in the spring of 1971 to 1 wolf/SO miles 2 in the fall of 1971. In the fall of 1972 density was es timated at lwolf/65 miles2 • This density falls in the mid-range of wolfdensities reported elsewhere in North America (Mech, 1970) . Data obtained during a helicopter reconnaissance in the spring and fall of 1972 suggested that a minimum of 15 active dens were located in an area of 30,000 miles 2• Assuming that the average spacing of known dens (25 miles apart) held for the entire area, a maximum of 35 active dens (1 active den per 857 miles 2) could have been present in the area. Observations in Southcentral Alaska indicate that the wolf popula­ tion in the Nelchina Basin has undergone a significant reduction from its 1971 numbers. The average weight of six 5-month-old pups taken in the fall of 1971 (from two litters) was 51.2 pounds compared to 61.4 pounds for nine pups taken in the fall of 1972 (from four litters). The pups from the 1972 i litters were taken from two weeks to one month earlier than those in 1971, yet showed markedly greater deposits of subcutaneous and visceral fat. This suggests that there was a greater availability of prey during the summer and fall of 1972 than there was the previous year. Resightings of tagged wolves, the 1971-72 hunter take of wolves around Anaktuvuk Pass, summer wolf observations, behavioral and morpholo­ gical characteristics of wolves used by the Nanamuit Eskimo in ascertain­ ing the sex and age of free-roaming wolves, and studies of wolf blood serum are discussed. Results of studies on the ungulate prey of wolves in Southcentral Alaska during this period indicate that, at least during a severe winter, prey species are taken in proportion to the sex and age composition of that population, with the exception of young of the year. There appeared to be no difference between the nutritional well-being of adult moose killed by wolves and those killed by accident or illegally. Criteria are provided by which it is usually possible to determine whether or not a prey animal was killed by wolves. Miscellaneous obser­ vations of wolf feeding habits are also presented. ii CONTENTS Summary , . i Background, 1 Objectives, 2 Procedures, 2 Find (Arctic Studies) Estinllite of Population Dens ,Spring 1971. 4 Estimate of Population Dans Lt v , Fall 197L 7 Harvest of Wolves, Anaktuvuk Pass, 1971-72 12 Estimate of PopuLat Lon Density, Fall 1972, 12 Occurrence of Active Dens, 1972. 17 Fall Condition of Pups ...... 21 Resight of Tagged Wolves . , 24 Summer \,;rolf Behavior Observations. 25 Release of Pen-reared Wolves . 25 Sex and - Specific Characters of Wolves, 28 Summer Characteristics Used in Diagnosing Sex. 29 Serology Studies . , . e • , 31 Recommendations (Arctic Studies) .. 32 Find (Southcentral Studies) . 32 Physical Condition of Ungulate Prey. 32 Miscellaneous Observations 43 Wolf Abundance . 0 •, 44 Food HabLt s , e e " • , 44 Utilization by Humans. 49 \;]01£ Coloration" , , . 49 Recommendations (Southcentral Studies)" 49 Acknowledgements. 51 Literature C:!.ted .. " , , , , 51 BACKGROUND The background for wolf (Cawis lupus) studies in Alaska has been discussed extensively in previous reports (cf: Rausch. 1966, 1967, 1969; St and Johnson, 1972) and will not be repeated here. The wolf is, by v:Lrtue of its intelligence, mobility, and low population density, one of the most difficult large mammals to study using classical methods. itative datB reflecting the long-term interrelationships between wolves and their ungulate prey, and the precise mechanisms through which wolf populations ad j us t to prey availability are only now being gathered, and it 'Nil1 be some time before we can understand the natural which wolf ations are controlled, and the effects that have on wolf population dynamics, Indications of a very low population of woIves on the North SLone in 70 ed the initiation of ion monitoring and other studies of wo~ves in this area. Since that time the population has increased to a. moderate level (about I wolf per 90 square miles) and in the next year asis in studies will be shifted to the Interior. 1 of the wo Lf possessed trlE' Nunanrlu t Eskimo es an \-vealth of det.afLed Lnfo'rmat.fon on t.h Ls specf.es 9 and efforts to rec.over more of t.h Ls Lnf'ormat Lon and to e Nunamiut 8S aides in future field invest ions will be continued. Pr asis of wolf studies in t.hcan t r al Alaaka 11£18 been directed t owa'rd wo Lf-eprey r e l.atLonsh OBJECTTVES To assess wo l f t i on levels and det ermfne t.he charact e r ts tics of ted wolf ccuu.LatLons in Arctic and Sout.hcerrtr a I Alaska. -s determine the food h ab i t s of \,;j'OJ.. vee the and summer in Arctic Southcentral Alaska. To determine th..~ LcaL condition and characte r ts Lcs of ate prey taken woLves in Arctic and So ut.hcerrtr a'l Alaska. To aract e rLze the of wolf den s I tes an Lc and SOUtl:1~ c entral Alas k a , PROCEDURES The ectIves of \~ork in the Arctic have bC'len modified somewhat the past year~ The s pecLf Lc effort to characterLz e den sites has b aen discontinued (as an isolated object dua the number of dens visited in 1970 ( enson and Johnson 1972)" These dens, as related in the 1972 report were located Nunamiut Eskimos now in Anakt uvuk Pass ~ In e of that work, and to Anaktuvuk, it that the Nunamiut c I r cums t.ances , had and of the woLf c This led e Nunamtu t 8 to learn their of the wolf 0 This was objective work involved on-·the··· t and ob s er'vat Lon, Aircraft v,\7e:re in the to locate. act.Lve of wolf kills ,>·,ere examfned and Lf t t Le further progress has been made Ln of th e s and aerial enumeration of area around Ariakt.uvuk Pass were lila-de in Carc~~ses tr~~n~rl and f a.lL and are LncLuded in thLs of wolves by Nunamiut wes:e collected and into the sex and age eompos tion of the wolf food habI t s Lnformat Lon , meas uremen t.udLes of sexual and meaaurement s of nutritional tatus. Seasonal estimates of the wolf population in the of An akt.uvuk Pass were made using track and wolf made by Stephenson and about 15 Nunamtut hunters during travels tvith anowmachLnes . vIoU 8i6"~.LUe,O made by r eLtab I.e pilots were also used. In the Sf) of 1972 known de.n sites were checked h t e r for actLvl and attempts "Jere made to locate newly occupied sites, This was done between 9 and 12 May , a period about one week earlier than desired since parturition usually occurs after 15 at this latitude. Howeve r , wolves, and pregnant females, often visit prospective dens late April and tend to remain progress LveIy closer to the chosen den as urition nears, Thus it is possible to obtain some idea of whether the den will be used by observing tracks, fresh diggings, and/or woLves • the effort to locate natal dens, ground-based observations near Anaktuvuk "Jere begun, The objectives of this work we r e to obtain observations of undisturbed wolves during the summer denning , and provide a common basis of observed wolf behavioral phenomena, Viewed both by an experienced Nunamf.u t hunter and by a trained biola t and thus further our un.ders of the behavioral and environmental parameters used by the Nunamiuthunter to evaluate and ct the activities of wolves, The approach consisted simply of at to find a wolf den wi.rh the method used by the Nunamiut during t he wo Lf bounty years ~ ob s e rvLng the activities of wolves at the den.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gulkana River
    Fishing the Those who have yet to Gulkana River travel to the Gulkana are missing a rare glimpse of a unique piece ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME of Alaska SPORT FISH DIVISION 1300 COLLEGE ROAD FAIRBANKS, ALASKA 99701 (907) 459-7207 GLENNALLEN OFFICE: (907) 822-3309 Contents Fishing the Gulkana River: an Introduction . 1 Roads and lodging . 2 Remote fishing sites: the Middle Fork and the West Fork . 2 The mainstem Gulkana: Paxson Lake to Sourdough . 2 Fishing for grayling in the Gulkana . 3 Fishing for rainbow trout in the Gulkana . 4 The lower Gulkana: Sourdough to the Richardson Highway bridge . 5 Salmon fishing in the Gulkana . 5 Downstream from the Richardson Highway bridge . 6 Lake trout fishing in Summit and Paxson lakes . 6 What to do if you catch a tagged fish . 7 Gulkana River float trips: mileage logs . 8 ADF&G Trophy Fish Program . 10 Catch-and-release techniques . 11 Trophy Fish Affidavit form . 12 Gulkana River area map . back cover he Alaska Department of Fish and Game administers all programs and activities free from discrimination based on race, color, Tnational origin, age, sex, religion, marital status, pregnancy, parenthood, or disability The department administers all programs and activities in compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, and Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program, activity,
    [Show full text]
  • Crary-Henderson Collection, B1962.001
    REFERENCE CODE: AkAMH REPOSITORY NAME: Anchorage Museum at Rasmuson Center Bob and Evangeline Atwood Alaska Resource Center 625 C Street Anchorage, AK99501 Phone: 907-929-9235 Fax: 907-929-9233 Email: [email protected] Guide prepared by: Mary Langdon, Volunteer, and Sara Piasecki, Archivist TITLE: Crary-Henderson Collection COLLECTION NUMBER: B1962.001, B1962.001A OVERVIEW OF THE COLLECTION Dates: circa 1885-1930 Extent: 19.25 linear feet Language and Scripts: The collection is in English. Name of creator(s): Will Crary; Nan Henderson; Phinney S. Hunt; Miles Bros.; Lyman; George C. Cantwell; Johnson; L. G. Robertson; Lillie N. Gordon; John E. Worden; W. A. Henderson; H. Schultz; Merl LaVoy; Guy F. Cameron; Eric A. Hegg Administrative/Biographical History: The Crary and Henderson Families lived and worked in the Valdez area during the boom times of the early 1900s. William Halbrook Crary was a prospector and newspaper man born in the 1870s (may be 1873 or 1876). William and his brother Carl N. Crary came to Valdez in 1898. Will was a member of the prospecting party of the Arctic Mining Company; Carl was the captain of the association. The Company staked the “California Placer Claim” on Slate Creek and worked outside of Valdez on the claim. Slate Creek is a tributary of the Chitina River, in the Chistochina District of the Copper River Basin. Will Crary was the first townsite trustee for Valdez. Carl later worked in the pharmaceutical field in Valdez and was also the postmaster. Will married schoolteacher Nan Fitch in Valdez in 1906. Carl died of cancer in 1927 in Portland, Oregon.
    [Show full text]
  • North Copper -Tasnuna Landscape Assessment Cordova Ranger District Chugach National Forest June 27, 2006
    North Copper -Tasnuna Landscape Assessment Cordova Ranger District Chugach National Forest June 27, 2006 Copper River (from Google Earth) Team: Susan Kesti - Team Leader, Writer-editor, Vegetation, Socio-economic Milo Burcham – Wildlife Resources, Subsistence Bruce Campbell – Lands Dean Davidson – Soils Rob DeVelice – Forest Ecology, Sensitive Plants Heather Hall – Heritage Resources Carol Huber – Geology, Minerals Tim Joyce – Fish Subsistence Dirk Lang – Fisheries Bill MacFarlane – Hydrology, Water Quality, Wetlands Dixon Sherman – Recreation ii Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................ v Chapter 1................................................................................................................................. 1 Purpose................................................................................................................................1 The Analysis Area............................................................................................................... 1 Legislative History.............................................................................................................. 3 Desired Future Condition.................................................................................................... 4 Chugach Forest Plan management direction................................................................... 4 Research Natural Area proposal history ........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Fisheries Update for the Week of June 17-23, 2018
    FISHERIES UPDATE June 17-June 23, 2018 Report 4 FISHERIES UPDATE FOR THE WEEK OF JUNE 17- 23, 2018. Report #4 Compiled by George Pappas - (907) 786-3822, [email protected] Office of Subsistence Management, USFWS. The purpose of the weekly fisheries update is to provide the reader with an overall summary of the status of subsistence related fisheries throughout the state of Alaska. The target audience is the Federal Subsistence Board and its Staff Committee. The report was compiled with the assistance of the Federal in-season managers and OSM staff that provided weekly updated information by the close of business on Friday of the reporting week. My goal is to have the report sent by the close of business the following Monday. Web links have been included to provide additional information. You may obtain additional information on a fishery of particular interest by contacting the in-season manager, provided contacts, follow the provided web links, or contact me. SOUTHEAST ALASKA Sitka and Hoonah Area – Justin Koller, Forest Service, Tongass National Forest Justin Koller, (907)747-4297 [email protected] Falls Lake Sockeye Salmon - The Forest Service and the Organized Village of Kake operate the Falls Lake trap and video net weir which will be operational the first week of July. The final escapement estimate in 2017 was 4,662 Sockeye Salmon while the final subsistence and sport harvest in the marine terminal area was 732. Subsistence harvest accounted for 89% of terminal area harvest. 1 FISHERIES UPDATE June 17-June 23, 2018 Report 4 Figure 1. Aerial photo of the Falls Lake outlet illustrating the typical location of weir equipment.
    [Show full text]
  • March 1St, 2021 Snow Water Equivalent
    March 1, 2021 The USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service cooperates with the following organizations in snow survey work: Federal State of Alaska U.S. Depart of Agriculture - U.S. Forest Service Alaska Department of Fish and Game Chugach National Forest Alaska Department of Transportation and Tongass National Forest Public Facilities U.S. Department of Commerce Alaska Department of Natural Resources NOAA, Alaska Pacific RFC Division of Parks U.S. Department of Defense Division of Mining and Water U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Division of Forestry U.S. Department of Interior Alaska Energy Authority Bureau of Land Management Alaska Railroad U.S. Geological Survey Soil and Water Conservation Districts U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Homer SWCD National Park Service Fairbanks SWCD Salcha-Delta SWCD Municipalities University of Alaska Anchorage Geophysical Institute Juneau Water and Environment Research Private Alaska Public Schools Alaska Electric, Light and Power, Juneau Mantanuska-Susitna Borough School Alyeska Resort, Inc. District Alyeska Pipeline Service Company Eagle School, Gateway School District Anchorage Municipal Light and Power Chugach Electric Association Canada Copper Valley Electric Association Ministry of the Environment Homer Electric Association British Columbia Ketchikan Public Utilities Department of the Environment Prince William Sound Science Center Government of the Yukon The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, nation- al origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program.
    [Show full text]
  • The Nationwide Rivers Inventory APPENDIX National System Components, Study Rivers and Physiographic Maps
    The Nationwide Rivers Inventory APPENDIX National System Components, Study Rivers and Physiographic Maps The National Park Service United States Department of the Interior Washington, DC 20240 January 1982 III. Existing Components of the National System 1981 National Wild and Scenic Rivers System Components State Alaska 1 _ ** River Name County(s)* Segment Reach Agency Contact Description (mile1s) (s) Designation State Congressional Section(s) Length Date of District(s) Managing Physiographic Agency Alagnak River including AK I&W The Alagnak from 67 12/2/80 NPS National Park Service Nonvianuk Kukaklek Lake to West 540 West 5th Avenue boundary of T13S, R43W Anchorage, AK 99501 and the entire Nonvianuk River. Alntna River AK B.R. The main stem within the 83 12/2/80 NPS National Park Service Gates of the Arctic 540 West 5th Avenue National Park and Preserve. Anchorage, AK 99501 Andreafsky River and AK I614- Segment from its source, 262 12/2/80 FWS Fish and Wildlife Service East Fork including all headwaters 1011 E. Tudor and the East Fork, within Anchorage, AK 99503 the boundary of the Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge. AK All of the river 69 12/2/80 NPS National Park Service Aniakchak River P.M. including its major 540 West 5th Avenue including: Hidden Creek tributaries, Hidden Creek, Anchorage, AK 99501 Mystery Creek, Albert Mystery Creek, Albert Johnson Creek, North Fork Johnson Creek, and North Aniakchak River Fork Aniakchak River, within the Aniakchak National Monument and Preserve. *Alaska is organized by boroughs. If a river is in or partially in a borough, it is noted.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishery Management Report No. 00-7
    Fishery Management Report No. 00-7 Fishery Management Report for Sport Fisheries in the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Management Area from 1995 to 1997 by John Burr June 2000 Alaska Department of Fish and Game Division of Sport Fish FISHERY MANAGEMENT REPORT NO. 00-7 FISHERY MANAGEMENT REPORT FOR SPORT FISHERIES IN THE ARCTIC-YUKON-KUSKOKWIM MANAGEMENT AREA FROM 1995 TO 1997 by John Burr Division of Sport Fish Alaska Department of Fish and Game Division of Sport Fish, Policy and Technical Services 333 Raspberry Road, Anchorage, Alaska, 99518-1599 June 2000 This investigation was partially financed by the Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act (16 U.S.C. 777-777K) under Project F-10-9, F-10-10. The Fishery Management Reports series was established in 1989 for the publication of an overview of Division of Sport Fish management activities and goals in a specific geographic area. Fishery Management Reports are intended for fishery and other technical professionals, as well as lay persons. Fishery Management Reports are available through the Alaska State Library and on the Internet: http://www.sf.adfg.state.ak.us/statewide/divreports/html/intersearch.cfm This publication has undergone regional peer review. John Burr Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Sport Fish 1300 College Rd. Fairbanks, AK 99701-1599, USA This document should be cited as: Burr, J. 2000. Fishery Management Report for Sport Fisheries in the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Management Area, 1995 to 1997. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Fishery Management Report No. 00-7, Anchorage. The Alaska Department of Fish and Game administers all programs and activities free from discrimination on the bases of race, color, national origin, age, sex, religion, marital status, pregnancy, parenthood, or disability.
    [Show full text]
  • 2014 Draft Fisheries Monitoring Plan
    2014 Draft Fisheries Monitoring Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 2 Continuation Projects in 2014 ................................................................................................. 7 Technical Review Committee Membership .............................................................................. 8 Technical Review Committee, Regional Advisory Council, and Interagency Staff Committee Recommendations .................................................................................................................. 9 Summary of Regional Advisory Council Recommendations and Rationale .............................. 15 NORTHERN REGION OVERVIEW .................................................................................... 19 14-101 - Unalakleet River Chinook Salmon Assessment Continuation .................................... 25 14-102 - Climate change and subsistence fisheries: quantifying the direct effects of climatic warming on arctic fishes and lake ecosystems using whole-lake manipulations on the Alaska North Slope ........................................................................................................................... 27 14-103 - Dispersal patterns and summer ocean distribution of adult Dolly Varden in the Beaufort Sea using satellite telemetry ..................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Chinook Salmon Escapement and Run Timing in the Gulkana River, 2013–2015
    Fishery Data Series No. 16-46 Chinook Salmon Escapement and Run Timing in the Gulkana River, 2013–2015 by Corey J. Schwanke December 2016 Alaska Department of Fish and Game Divisions of Sport Fish and Commercial Fisheries Symbols and Abbreviations The following symbols and abbreviations, and others approved for the Système International d'Unités (SI), are used without definition in the following reports by the Divisions of Sport Fish and of Commercial Fisheries: Fishery Manuscripts, Fishery Data Series Reports, Fishery Management Reports, and Special Publications. All others, including deviations from definitions listed below, are noted in the text at first mention, as well as in the titles or footnotes of tables, and in figure or figure captions. Weights and measures (metric) General Mathematics, statistics centimeter cm Alaska Administrative all standard mathematical deciliter dL Code AAC signs, symbols and gram g all commonly accepted abbreviations hectare ha abbreviations e.g., Mr., Mrs., alternate hypothesis HA kilogram kg AM, PM, etc. base of natural logarithm e kilometer km all commonly accepted catch per unit effort CPUE liter L professional titles e.g., Dr., Ph.D., coefficient of variation CV meter m R.N., etc. common test statistics (F, t, χ2, etc.) milliliter mL at @ confidence interval CI millimeter mm compass directions: correlation coefficient east E (multiple) R Weights and measures (English) north N correlation coefficient 3 cubic feet per second ft /s south S (simple) r foot ft west W covariance cov gallon gal copyright degree (angular ) ° inch in corporate suffixes: degrees of freedom df mile mi Company Co. expected value E nautical mile nmi Corporation Corp.
    [Show full text]
  • Accomplishments During 1976
    The United States Geological Survey in Alaska: Accomplishments During 1976 Kathleen M. Blean, Editor GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CIRCULAR 751-B 1977 United States Department of the Interior CECIL D. ANDRUS, Secretary Geological Survey V. E. McKelvey, Director Free on application to Branch of Distribution, U.S. Geological Survey, 1200 South Eads Street, Arlington, VA 22202 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract ....................................................................................... Bl Northern Alaska Summary of important results, 1976 .....................................1 Continued Introduction .............................................................................1 Carboniferous microfacies, microfossils, and Statewide projects ................................................................. 1 corals, Lisburne Group, arctic Alaska, by Preliminary geologic map of Alaska, by Augustus K. Armstrong and Helen M. Beikman ................................................... 1 Bernard L. Mamet ............................................... B18 Mineral resources of Alaska, by Mississippian microfacies of the Lisburne Edward H. Cobb ....................................................... 1 Group, Endicott Mountains, arctic Alaska, A new radiometric date for the Ordovician- by August K. Armstrong and Silurian boundary, by M. A. Lanphere, Bernard L. Mamet ............................................... ...18 Michael Churkin, Jr., and G. D. Eberlein ....... 4 Late Paleozoic carbonates from the south- A new Ordovician time scale based on central
    [Show full text]
  • Fishery Management Report for Sport Fisheries in the Arctic-Yukon Management Area, 2003-2005
    Fishery Management Report No. 06-66 Fishery Management Report for Sport Fisheries in the Arctic-Yukon Management Area, 2003-2005 by John Burr December 2006 Alaska Department of Fish and Game Divisions of Sport Fish and Commercial Fisheries Symbols and Abbreviations The following symbols and abbreviations, and others approved for the Système International d'Unités (SI), are used without definition in the following reports by the Divisions of Sport Fish and of Commercial Fisheries: Fishery Manuscripts, Fishery Data Series Reports, Fishery Management Reports, and Special Publications. All others, including deviations from definitions listed below, are noted in the text at first mention, as well as in the titles or footnotes of tables, and in figure or figure captions. Weights and measures (metric) General Measures (fisheries) centimeter cm Alaska Administrative fork length FL deciliter dL Code AAC mideye-to-fork MEF gram g all commonly accepted mideye-to-tail-fork METF hectare ha abbreviations e.g., Mr., Mrs., standard length SL kilogram kg AM, PM, etc. total length TL kilometer km all commonly accepted liter L professional titles e.g., Dr., Ph.D., Mathematics, statistics meter m R.N., etc. all standard mathematical milliliter mL at @ signs, symbols and millimeter mm compass directions: abbreviations east E alternate hypothesis HA Weights and measures (English) north N base of natural logarithm e cubic feet per second ft3/s south S catch per unit effort CPUE foot ft west W coefficient of variation CV gallon gal copyright © common test statistics (F, t, χ2, etc.) inch in corporate suffixes: confidence interval CI mile mi Company Co.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation Study of Alaska's Richardson Highway: Identification
    Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities Research & Technology Transfer ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Vegetation Study of Alaska’s Richardson Highway: Identification of Plant Communities and Assessment of Control Strategies Prepared by: Andrew Nolen, Agronomist Donald Ross, Agronomist Alaska Plant Materials Center Division of Agriculture Department of Natural Resources November, 2006 Prepared for: Alaska Department of Transportation Statewide Research Office 3132 Channel Drive Juneau, AK 99801-7898 FHWA-AK-RD-06-04 Notice This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the use of the information contained in this document. The U.S. Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trademarks or manufacturers’ names appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the objective of the document. Quality Assurance Statement The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) provides high-quality information to serve Government, industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are used to ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. FHWA periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality improvement. Author’s Disclaimer Opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in the report are those of the author. They are not necessarily those of the Alaska DOT&PF or funding agencies. Form approved OMB No. REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Public reporting for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.
    [Show full text]