Chilliwack River Valley SLESSE PARK CLAY SLIDE STABILIZATION PROJECT

Final As-Built Report

Prepared for: Chilliwack River Action Committee 48665 Chilliwack Lake Road Chilliwack, B.C. V4Z 1A6

Prepared by: CEJ Mussel1 Enterprises Inc P.O. Box 45 1 Chilliwack, B.C. V2P 657

April, 2000 TABLE OF' CONTENTS 1.0 Objectives 2.0 Project Organization 2.1 Proponent 2.2 Funding Partners 2.3 Watershed 2.4 Locations 2.5 Administration 3.0 Partnerships, Donations and In-Kind Contributions 4.0 Background 5.0 Plan 6.0 STAGE I Preparation of Engineered Drawings 6.1 Report Summary 6.2 Cost Overview 6.3 Stage 1 Photograph 7.0 STAGE 2 Upgrading the Slesse Park Clay Slide Berm 7.1 Work Summary 7.2 Cost Overview 7.3 Berm Plan View 7.4 Berm Cross Section 7.5 Stage 2 Photographs 8.0 STAGE 3 Bioengineering 8.1 Work Summary 8.2 Cost Overview 8.3 Stage 3 Map 8.4 Stage 3 Photographs 9.0 Summary of Contributions 10.0 Evaluation 10.1 Steelhead Angler Survey Summary 10.2 Comments and Modifications 10.3 Sumnary of Results 11.0 Acknowledgements 12.0 Review of Literature and Reports 12.1 Studies of Reports pertaining to the Slesse Park Clay Slide 12.2 Other Pertinent Reports and Literature Chilliwack River Valley SLESSE PARK CLAY SLIDE STABILIZATION

1.0 Objectives

To do stabilization work on the Slesse Park Clay Slide -to reduce siltation of the downstream ChilliwackNedder River -to reduce degradation of fish spawning and rearing habitat -to improve sports fishing opportunity -to reduce hazards from the clay slide slumps

2.0 Project Organization

Stage 1 The Preparation of Engneered Working Drawings and Reports Stage 2 Upgrading the Slesse Park Clay Slide Berm Stage 3 Further Stabilization Using Bioengineering Techniques

2.1 Proponent

Chilliwack River Action Committee 48665 Chilliwack Lake Road Chilliwack, B.C. V4Z 1A6

2.2 Funding Partners

Fisheries Renewal B.C. B.C. Hydro Fraser Valley Regional Watershed Coalition Community Futures Development Corporation of the North Fraser

2.3 Watershed

MELP Region! MOF Region Pacific1 Region 2, Lower Mainland, Chilliwack Chilliwack River (Watershed Code: 100-0657-097-000)

2.4 Location

This project is located on the north side of the Chilliwack River 1 km east of Slesse Park. Geodetic map 092h001 Chilliwack River 5437500 mN, 587300mE. 2.5 Administration

Project Chairman:

David F. Lamson Chilliwack River Action Committee 48853 Chilliwack Lake Road Chilliwack, B.C. V4Z 1A6 Phone / Fax: (604) 858-3257

Project Manager:

CEJ Mussell CEJ Mussell Enterprises Inc. Chilliwack, B.C. V2P 657 Phone: (604) 792-8984

3.0 Partnerships, Donations, and in-kind Contributions

The Chilliwack River Action Committee is a community umbrella organization that has received broad support from organisations and individuals making this project possible. Donations of in-kind labour, technical work, material, and supplies listed here are those over $100.00 in cash value that have been recorded in the project records.

Clay Slide Committee of the Chilliwack River Action Committee Directors and the organisations they represent Project Chainnan: David Lamson, Chilliwack River Valley Ratepayers Assoc. Tom Carscadden, Baker Trails Strata Corp. Jerry Desjarlais, Concerned Citizens of Chilliwack River Valley Gerry Dewar, BC Federations of Driftfishers Chris Gadsden, Fraser Valley Salmon Society Fred Helmer Jr., Fred's Custom Tackle Gwyn Joiner, Chilliwack Fish and Game Protective Assoc. John Kupp, Vedder River Fish Habitat Committee Bill Proteau, member at large Bev Sobkowich, Citizens Advisory Board to Correction Camps Wayne Snerle, Chilliwack River Valley Ratepayers' Assoc.

Fraser Valley Salmon Society Chris Gadsden, Pete Sellmer Time for preliminary lobbying, video production, displays, media coverage, public awareness, field trips, technical work, and angler survey Chilliwack River Valley Ratepayers Association Wayne Snerle, Klara Hills, David Lamson, B11l Proteau Revlew of literature, consultation, "Challenge to Opportunzty" report, Preparat~onof proposals, public awareness

BC Federation of Driftfishers Gerry Dewar Research, field trips, proposal writing

Chiliiwack Fish and Game Protective Association Gwyn Jo~ner,Ernie McDuff Meeting rooms, field trips, public awareness, angler survey

Concerned Citizens of the Chilliwack River Valley Susan Pelletier, Jerry Desjarlais Public awareness, field trips, secretarial work, supervision help at site

Citizens Advisory Board to Corrections Bev Sobkowich Research of literature, public awareness, field trips, and political contracts

Fraser Valley Broadcasters Ltd. C/OChris Gadsden Cash donation to CRAC

Fred's Custom Tackle Fred Helmer Contracts, public awareness, field trips to slide

Baker Trails Strata Corporation Tom Carscadden Cash donztion to C?&C, pub!ic awareness

CEJ Mussell Enterprises Inc. CEJ Mussell, Jack Mussel1 Work and travel expenses

Adjacent property owner Alvin Nickerson Site for clay disposal, access to gravel site

Steelhead Habitat Restoration Corporation Mike Engelsjord Gravel from other WRP projects Pacific Initiatives Jackie Campbell, Ross Wetzel Bioengineering concepts, cedar trees, labourers

Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Dr. Vic Galay Discount on Engineering

Mount Thurston Correctional Centre Inmate work crew Cutting willow whips for bioengineering

Fraser Valley Regional District, Electoral Area E. Director, Frank Sobkowich Grant in aid to CRAC

Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks (MELP) Mike Younie, Bruce Usher Bioengineering concepts and consultation

Abby Contracting Daryll Janzen Hydroseeding

Canadian Forest Products Ltd. CANFOR Panel and F~breDivis~on Joe Haggart, Product Manager, Fibre Products Wood mulch for hydroseedlng (EcoAegs Bonded F~berMatrix)

4.0 Background

The clay slides of the Chilliwack River have deposited tons of silt into the river during each rainy season from November to march since the floods of 1989 and 1990. As of January 1999 three slides continued to be an annual problem dumping sediment into the river and causing a degradation of downstream fish habitat. Public safety and property protection have also been a concern.

The Slesse Park Clay Slide has been partially stabilized with a benn built in 1991 to protect the toe of the slide from the undercutting river. However, over the years clay has slumped in behind the berm and filled the catchment area to the top of the berm. In January 27, 1997, large slumps at the East End of the berm overtopped the berm and dumped many tons of clay Into the river, temporarily blocking it. Since then, smaller slumps and mud flows have continued to overtop the berm and pour tons of clay silt into the river and the surface water and creeks passing through the slide area continued to pour large quantities of silt into the river.

5.0 Plan

The plan was to start with the Slesse Park Clay Slide stabilization as the work for the first project. This work would reduce the clay siltation of approximately 30 kilometers of downstream fish habitat, reduce the hazard to public safety and private property, and improve sports angling opportunity.

This project was divided into three stages:

Stage 1 Preparation of engineered working drawings and reports Fisheries Renewal BC Grant

Stage 2 The physical work of upgrading The Slesse Park Clay Slide Berm Fisheries Renewal BC Grant

Stage 3 Further stabilization of the slide area using bioengineering techniques BC Hydro Grant

6.0 Stage 1

The Preparation of Engineered Working Drawings

6.1 Report Summary

A review of previous engineering reports and literature on clay slide stabilization methods was done by community organisations and by members of the Chilliwack River Action Committee.

A proposal was prepared and applications were made for funding to fish habitat funding agencies. Funding for the preparations of engineered working drawings was secured through the Fraser Valley Regional Watershed Coalition from Fisheries Renewal B.C. Northwest Hydraulic Consultants was chosen and commissioned as the lead engineering firm.

The engineers' report and drawings were completed between January 1,1999 and March 30, 1999 by Dr. Vic Galay of Northwest Hydraulic Consultants along with Neil Singh from Klohn-Crippen, Geo-environmental Group, and Michael A. Whelen, Fisheries Biologist.

The engineers produced a very comprehensive report with working drawings for the upgrading of the Slesse Park Clay Slide berm. These drawings which call for a 2.5 meters to 3.5 meters raising of the berm for the best cost effective method of stabilizing this clay slide.

An overview of the Upper Tolmie Clay Slide Area was also prepared which gave three possible options for stabilization and complimentary information for the Slesse Park Clay Slide.

Dave Schaepe, Archaeologist, Sto:lo Nation, located sensitive areas and prepared an archaeological report with recommendations.

Display boards, a brochure and a video was produced for increasing public awareness These have been used at meeting and public events.

6.2 Cost Overview

TASK COST Engineers Report and Drawings for Slesse Park Clay Slide Berm Upgrading 11,000.00 Engineers Overview of Upper Tolmie Clay Slide Area 1000.00 Test Holes 417.30 Archeology Study 400.00 Office Costs and Supplies 100.27 Project Insurance 500.00 Subsection 9.1 Application 130.00 TOTAL $13,547.57 6.3 Stage 1 Photograph

Aria1 View of Slesse park Clay Slide by Northwest Hydraulic consultants, March 1999, before this stabilization work began. 7.0 Stage 2

SLesse Park Clay Slide Berm Upgrading

7.1 Work Summary

The project was constructed between June 1, 1999 and October 3 1, 1999. The scope of the work included the following:

-The area adjacent to the existing berm was cleared of vegetation and clay was pushed to the side with a dozer in order to make room for the new berm.

-3056 m3 of bony gravel material was donated to the project from the Steelhead Society of BC. This was trucked to the site in gravel trucks over a seven-day period (Photo 2). This work is above the 200yr-flood level so nprap was not necessary.

-The gravel was spread with a dozer on the existing benn in 1-54 ft lifts in order to compact the material with the dozer and the loaded gravel trucks (Photo 3 ).

-A faller fell all trees along the top edge of the clay face in order to ease pressure and fracturing on clay bank escarpment especially during windstorms

- The three existing culverts were replaced with 12 m culverts to complement the new berm width (Photo 4).

-A gravel borrow pit was located adjacent to the Nickerson Property on crown land. A front end loader loaded gravel trucks which moved 3960 m3 of fine gravel to the berm site (Photo 5).

-The gravel was applied in 1-54 ft lifts with a dozer and was compacted with the dozer and the loaded gravel trucks (Photo 6).

-Gravel trucks moved 2744 m3 of clay from the inside of the berm with an excavator (Photo 7). This provided a larger catchment area as well as good water drainage to culverts. Clay was dumped on the north east side of the Nickerson Property in a low spot well away from the Chilliwack aver (Photo 8). This work was completed over an eight- day period.

-On the east side of the berm where a the large slump of January 27, 1997 occurred, clay was pulled back from the river bank on the outside of the berm in order to increase slope stability and prevent erosion into the river (Photo 9). This as welt was trucked to the clay disposal site.

-Cottonwood logs found on site were placed in order to terrace the major slump areas (Photo 10). -The gravel borrow site and clay disposal site was then landscaped with the dozer.

-The berm was graded with the dozer to provide a smooth running surface for local vehicles (Photo 1I).

7.2 Cost Overview

I Task 1 Equipment Used I Cost Bern Construction and Clay Excavation 1 Loader 1 Dozer 1 9090.68 Excavator 8797.00 Materials 1 Culverts 2455.22 I I / Office Supplies 274.66 Other Expenses Photocopying 28.06 Crown Land Application 214.00 Land Disposition 690.02 Labour Faller 556.40 Supervision Project Manager 5301.32 , I TOTAL ) $55397.41 I 7.3 Berm Plan View

1 -1 \- APPROXIMATF TOP OF q1 OP?

SCALE

~~ .... ~~ t ~ ~~~ i Drawn by:' CEJ Mussell Client: ClQLlWACK RIVER ACTION COMlaTTEE Title: BERM -PLAN VIEW Baswl on: NorthwestHydiauiic Consultat I Project: SLESSE PARK CLAY SLDE BERM UPGRN)~NG Date: Novernber 10. 1999 7.4 Berm Cross Section

1% NEW BERM CREST slope QQ h9 &lia r\ &0@O ,,&65Q -a------*,&9 _ -A / 1997 Slide Debris *\ / -0-- - .------.------9------Q* ~' ~e~iacedCulvert EXIST~NGBERM CREST Replaced Culvert Replaced Cuiven

DISTANCE

HORIZONTAL SCALE 11 VERTICAL SCALE 12

Clkent: CHILLINJACK R1VE.R ACTION CO~TTEE Drawn by: CEJ Mussel1 Project: SLESSE PARK CLAY SLIDE BERM LIPGRADWG Title: B&?J,&cROSS SECTlOr;l Based on: Noflhwest Hydraulic Consultant Date: N~vemhei10 1999 Photo 2 Some of the bony gravel material being dumped on the berm in lifts Photo 4 Pun~ngthefind touches on one of the replaced culvenn The new culverts are 12m long, Photo 5 The fiont-end loader loding trucks from the gravel brow psi located

lifts with the dozn. Photo 7 The excavator loading clay on the hucks from the inside of the bem. A

Property. The dump location was well away from any threat by the Photo 10 Cottonwood logs were placed in order to teme the maior siumo areas Logs used were found in site

8.0 Stage 3

Bioengineering of thc Siesse Park Clny Slide

8.1 Work Summary

The bioengineering work took place between October 1999 and April 2000. The scope of the work conrisud of the Collawing:

Willow M-hipswere cttt by inmates at Mount Thurston Cairect~onCamp for use in live staking waddles, smiles and live pole dmins (Photo 14).

iiay bales were placed on the toe ofthe slope to help filter out some of the cia? particles draining off the clay bank (Photo 12).

Hay bales were also placed so that the creeks had lo flaw through them creating pond tenaces nhlcli filtered out some of the larger ciq particles (Photo 13)

Waddles and smiles were constructed at the different slope breaks in order to temce the exposed siape and filter out some of the clay sediment (Piloto 16).

Waddles were then partially buried with ccly material in order to enhance their vowh (Photo 17).

Three ponds on the uppi teiiace of the clay slide were slowly drained by digging drainage channels in order to prevent the salurahon of the upper clay slide slope.

I000 small cedx trees were planted an the more stable areas of the sl~deand along thc berm

The entlie sile was Hydro-qeeded wth BlgHorn Erosion Mixture (Coastal), 18- 18-1 8 Cerulizzi and wood mulch CANFOR supplied the wood mulch (EcoAess Bonded Fihci Matr~x)

On site si&mgewas installed at the clay slide (Photo 19). 8.2 Cost Overview

Task Equiprncnt Used Cost Bioengineering Preparation Work Gravel Trucks and Front End / 3794.33 Loader I Dozer 1 2166.75 / Faller 50068 1 Willaw Whip Collection 10'ulilicum Forestry, Mount 4570.75 Thurston Corrections Camp 1 Hydioreedmg i Abby Contracting 2811.98

Materials / Signas- - 28.50 1 / Seed and Fertilizer 1 1026.09 / 4 I Oitice Supplies 254.33 Other ennenses 1 Engineer Consultation i 880.40 I - I Habitat Consultant j 377.18 Project insurance 500.00 i Land License 214.00 1 Consultation 88.51 / WCB 389.56 1

1 I ~uepiies 1 TOTAL I $31,009.00 1 8.3 Stage 3 Map ,.. ,' '\ 1

~.

~ ~ ~ ~-~ Drawn by: ~~hlusseil Clietit: CIiaLIWACK RIVER ACTION COhlMiTTEE BIOENGINEERING ; Based on! Northwest Hydraulic Consult Project: SLESSE PARK CLAY SLIDE BERM UPGRADiNG Date: March 15,2000 Photo 12 Hav bales were vlaced to filter out some of the clav vartlcles runnine off

- Photo 13 Hay bales were placed to create pond terraces to filter out clay Photo 14 Willow whips were cut and delivered to the site for use in live staking, live vole drains. waddles and smiles.

order to enhake the revegatation ofthe slide area. Photo 16 Waddles and smiles were constructed out of willow bundles in order to

Photo 17 Waddles were then partially buned wth clay in order to enhance thelr Photo 18 Live pole drains were installed in the 3 different creeks in order to direct the water down the slooe

on site signage Hydoseeding application being planned by Joe Hargitt, from CANFOR Fibre Division and Daryll Jansen, from Abby Contracting. 9.0 Summary of Contributions

Total In-kind Contributions $115,437.50

Grants: Fisheries Renewal BC - Preparation of Engineered Drawings $1 3,167.00

Fisheries Renewal BC - Upgrading Clay Slide Berm $55,395.50

BC Hydro - Further Stabilization Using Bioengineering $31,009.00

Total Grants: $99,571.50

Total Project Value (In-kind Contributions and Grants) %215,009.00

In-kind Contributions Percentage 53.7%

Grant Money Percentage 46.3%

10.0 Evaluation

10.1 Steelhead Angler Survey

During the month of February, the Chilliwack River Action Committee has conducted an angler survey under the supervision of CEJ Mussel1 Enterprises Inc. on the Chlliwack River. The goal was to get some angler input regarding work being done to stabilize the Slesse Park Clay Slide. As well, anglers were asked for their input in regards to future work on the remaining clay slides.

During the survey a random sample of 200 anglers were asked 8 multiple-choice questions. Most of the survey was conducted on the banks of the Chilliwack hver between the Chilliwack Hatchery (River km 38) and the Baily Bridge (River km 6). However, anglers were also surveyed at a Chilliwack River Action Committee booth set up at Fred's Tackle on February 19 and 20. The results were then analyzed and compiled in ths report.

The clay slides in the Chilliwack Watershed have been an ongoing problem over the years. They add clay sediment to the river system, which is harmful to both fish and eggs in the spawning bed. As well, it dirty's the river, which decreases angling opportunities. Over the last few years the Chlliwack River Action Committee has worked to raise funds to stabilize the Slesse Park Clay Slide. The work bas been completed in three phases. Engineered drawings, Berm upgrading, and Bioengineering.

The Chilliwack River Action Committee is now interested in taking on the next challenge, the Upper Tolmie Clay Slide. However, they are very interested in getting some feed back from anglers before they proceed. The following are the preliminary results of the Chilliwack River Steelhead Angler Survey.

Where do you /we?

We found that 49.5% of anglers surveyed resided in the Chilliwack or Abbotsford area and 44.5% resided somewhere else in the Eraser Valley. Another 6% of anglers were from somewhere else in British Columbia. No anglers surveyed came from the United States; however, it is quite common to see Washington and Oregon license plates on the river. This tells us that the 94% of the anglers surveyed reside somewhere in the Fraser Valley and because of this most of them have a fairly good knowledge of the Chilliwack 1 Vedder River.

How many years have you fished sleelhead on the Chrlliwucki Vedder R1ver7

The survey indicated that 38% of anglers have fished the river 1-5 years, 25.5% of anglers have fished the river for over 21 years, 22% of anglers have fished the river 1 1-20 years and 14.5% of anglers have fished the river 6-10 years. This indicates that 62% of anglers surveyed have fished the river for greater than 6 years. Because of this we know that we are dealing with anglers who are familiar with fishing the Chilliwack River and the different water condtions associated with it.

How muny times did youJish the river lust year?

Survey analysis indicated that 42.5% of anglers surveyed fished the river 1-10 days last year and 57.5% of anglers surveyed fished the river more than 10 days last year. Thus, their knowledge of the change in water conditions compared to last year should be fairly accurate.

Do youfish primarily above or below the clay slide?

The survey indicated that 65% of anglers surveyed fish below the Slesse Park Clay Slide and 29% fish equally above and below the clay slides. Another 6% of anglers surveyed fish primarily above the Slesse Park Clay Slide. Analysis indicates that of the anglers surveyed, 94% spend a substantial part of their angling time fishing below the Slesse Park Clay Slide and thus water conditionsplay a big part in there angling opportunities. What do you do when water conditions are poor?

We found that 5 1.5% of anglers surveyed said that when water conditions are poor they go home. Another 3 1.5% of anglers move above the Slesse Park Clay Slide and 17.5% of anglers were not affected by water conditions. This shows that water conditions play a big part in angling opportunities as well as the economics of the region.

Are you familiar with the work that the Chilliwack River Action Committee is doing to stabilize the Slesse Park Clay Slide?

The survey indicated that 69% of anglers were familiar with the stabilization work on the Slesse Park Clay Slide. Another 31% were not familiar with the work being done. This shows that there is fairly good knowledge on the river about the clay slide problems as well as the work being done to stabilize the Slesse Park Clay Slide.

Have you noticed arp improvement in waler clarity this year in the lower river?

Survey analysis indicated that 85.5% of anglers have noticed an improvement in water clarity this year. Another 14.5% haven't noticed any improvements. This is very promising because the berm upgrading was just completed last fall and already anglers are noticing a difference. Water conditions will really begin to improve next fall after the bioengineering portion of the project takes effect and begins to filter out a substantial portion of the clay particles.

Do you think that further work should be undertaken to stabilize the Lipper Toirnie and Willow Run Clay slides7

The survey indicated that 95.5% of anglers think that further work should be undertaken to stabilize the remaining clay slides. Another 4.5% think that this work should not be undertaken. This shows that support for future work on the clay slides is very good. Anglers realize that the clay slides are a problem that has to be dealt with.

This survey shows that the majority of people who fish the Chilliwack River reside somewhere in the Fraser Valley. The majority of these people have fished the river for more than 6 years. Of these anglers, most of them fished the river for more than 11 days last year. Of the anglers surveyed a higher percentage of them fished primarily below the Slesse Park Clay Slide and of those over half went home if the water conditions were poor. There was a fairly good knowledge of the work that the Chilliwack River Action Committee is doing to stabilize the Slesse Park Clay Slide and most anglers have noticed an improvement in water clarity already tbs year. There seems to he overwhelming support for further work to stabilize the Upper Tolmie and Willow Run Clay Slides.

Thls report would not have been possible without the support of the Chilliwack River Action Committee and it's members. A special thanks goes to David Lamson, Gywn Joiner and Chns Gadsden for their help in surveying Chilliwack River steelhead anglers. 10.2 Comments and Modifications

During the construction of the berm, slight modifications in the design were implemented. We were able to upgrade the existing berm without removing the clay on the East End of the top of the berm. During the summer the clay had dned out and created a solid base on which to build the berm saving material. Clay from the inside of the berm was removed to enlarge the catchment area and provide drainage for the water coming off the slope. Clay on the outside of the berm was excavated to stabilize the slope and decrease erosion into the river.

10.3 Summary of Results

-The raising of the berm, completed in October 1999, has prevented potential mudflows and slumps from directly entering the river during heavy rains.

-The cutting of trees along the escarpment has prevented wind swaying and ground cracking which is one cause of slumps.

-Placing of cottonwood logs has helped stabilize inudflows on the slump areas.

-Draining of pond areas above the slide has reduced underground seepage

-Terracing with willow waddles and smiles has helped stabilize mudflows and filter surface run off.

-Hay bales have filtered approx. 500m3 of clay silt preventing it from entering the river. -Live willows staking done at lm intervals are showing growth.

-Hydroseeding of the entire area is expected to enhance plant growth during the spring and summer providing erosion control.

-The Steelhead Angler Survey showed that 85.5% of anglers surveyed noticed an improvement in water clarity this year.

-The Steelhead Angler Survey showed that 95.5% of anglers think that further work should be undertaken to stabilize the remaining clay slides.

-Overall, the project is a success. In the short term, no large slumps have occurred this year as in previous years. Mudflows have been stopped from flowing directly into the river, but siltation from the creeks has still occurred. It is expected that by next October as the planting and seeding take hold, they .will start to protect the exposed clay surface and erosion and mud flows will be substantially reduced. As the slide area is stabilized, the hazard to public and property is also reduced. However, all hazards have not been eliminated 11.0 Acknowledgements

The Chilliwack River Action Committee formed shortly after January 27, 1997 when a large slump occurred at the Slesse Park Clay Slide dumping thousands of cubic meters of clay silt into the Chilliwack River. The Chilliwack River Action Committee was formed by number of concerned people from other organisations who joined together to work toward a solution. After reviewing literature and reports and listening to many residents and experts, it was realised that there were many very costly options. GoveAent agencies were very hesitant to become involved so the Chilliwack River Action Committee decided to take the initiative. To be economically possible a plan had to be accepted that would substantially reduce but would not eliminate all hazards. To obtain grant money a substantial amount of volunteer help was required as leverage.

Thanks goes to tremendous community support and all the tireless hours of work of volunteers that carried on to get stabilization work done in spite of some discouragement and delays. The donations of time, materials, and supplies as recorded, calculated at standard market value and listed in the report came to over 50% of the total project value Also a big thank you to CEJ Mussell, Project Manager, for his conscientious effort in working with the Chilliwack River Action Committee and getting the job done efficiently.

The support from the staff at Community Futures of the North Fraser, in particular Rick McKamey, Ken Lewis, and Bob Thomas was a great help. The delivery agent for Fisheries Renewal BC and BC Hydro, the Fraser Valley Watershed Coalition, made the meaning of local participation in stewardship a reality.

A special thanks to John Van Dongen, MLA, %any Penner, MLA, John Les, Mayor of Chilliwack and Director Frank Sobkowich, FVRD Electoral Area E, for their valued support and advice. We also appreciated the encouragement from Cathy McGregor, Ministry of Environment during her visit to the site.

It has indeed been a rewarding experience and a blessing to have the privilege of working with all these dedicated people. It was our original theme that was good for fish habitat would also be good for people, and it is.

David F. Lamson, Project Chairman 12.0 Review of Literature and Reports

12.1 Studies and Reports pertaining to the Slesse Park Clay Slide:

Hay and Company Consultants Inc. July 1992. ChiNiwackRiver Hazard Management Study Interim Report, Volume I and 2

Hay and Company Consultants Inc. December 1992. ChilliwackRiver Hazard Management Outline Plan

Pollmer Consulting Ltd. (Arbor Tech). March 1997. Preliminary Assessment Report Slesse Slide, Ch~lliwuckRiver

Thwher Engineenng Ltd. May 1997. Geotechnical Assessment of Slesse Park Landslzde '

Chilliwack River Valley Ratepayers' Assoc. December 1997. From Challenge to Opportunities / Rehabilitation of Slesse Park Landslide

Sto:lo Nation. February 1999. Archaeological FieldI?econnaissunce ofthe Chilliwack River Action Committee's Proposed Clay Slide Stabilization Projects, Chilliwack River

Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd. March 1999. Chilliwack River Slesse Park Cluy Slide Berm Upgrading

Northwest Hydraulic Consultants Ltd. March 1999. Chilliwack River - Upper Tolmie Cluy Slide Overview ofProblem and Concepts,for Control of Clay Slides

12.2 Other Pertinent Reports and Literature

Research Program, Ministry of Forests. 1994. A Guzde for Management of Landrlrde- Prone Terraln in the Pac2JicNorthwest

National Park Service and US Dept of the Interior. 1994. (park svc.hmt@,wrw.webme~chants.com~.Streambunk Stabilization / Riparian Restoration

British Columbia Watershed Restoration Program, Ministry of Environment Lands and Parks and Ministry of Forests. 1997. Fisl? Habitat Rehabilitation Procedures - Watershed Restorution Technical Circular No. 9

Alaska Fish and Game - Habitat Restoration. November 1997. (hmtl:www.state.ak.us). Streambank Restoration Techniques

Spruce City Wildlife Association. April 1999. McMillan Creek Restoration Project

Greater Vancouver Regional District. 1999. Or Creek Bioengineering