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E Ofo - Library I MPO Bibliothequo EX LIBRIS - Ian D qH 0 ;;; e oFO - Library I MPO Bibliothequo EX LIBRIS - Ian D. Thomson fl1 t_f <J 1111 llil Ill II m Ill\ 120099451\1 1\1 ~\11 1 1 PERCEPTIONS ON RECREATION AND SPORT FISHERIES OF THE CHILLIWACK/ VEDDER RIVER by Philip A. Meyer Chief Social Science Unit Southern Operations Branch Fisheries & Marine Service JOINTLY FUNDED BY: Southern Operations Branch Fish and Wildlife Branch Fisheries and Marine Service Department of Recreation Environment Canada and Conservation Province of British Columbia SH 572 . BS M48 c . 2 JANUARY, 1976 '273D) THE LIBRARY BEDFORD INSTITUTE OF O CEA O GRAPHY PREFACE B.;X l 006 DARTMO UTH, N.S. B2Y 4A2 This study is the second of two funded jointly by the Fish and Wildlife Branch; Department of Recreation and Conservation , Province of British Columbia , and the Fisheries and Marine Service, Environment Canada , and focussing on recreational management of river systems. Wh i l e the analysis of results , and the writing of the report have fallen to t he .under­ signed, many persons contributed to the final product. Study design was a joint undertaking by Richard C. Bryan and Gerard J. Mos , both then with my unit, Christopher Dodd, of the Province of British Columbia, and the author. Field work was conducted by William Cotter and Victor Willms, under the supervision of Mr. Bryan. Data was arranged for computor analysis by Katherine J. Racey, and Mary C. Harrison. Finally, the study is particu­ larly indebted to Mr. Dodd for forceful and effective criticism during the write-up stage. Despite this substantial assistance t he author, nevertheless, retains claim to any and a ll errors. Philip A. Meyer Chief Social Scienca Unit Southern Operations Branch Fisheries & Marine Service LIBRARY FISllERIES ,\ND OCEANS Hll31.i0Tlll ~ QUE r£c1ms ET oci7:ANS PERCEPTIONS ON RECREATION AND SPORT FISHERIES OF THE CHI LLIWACK/VEDDER RIVER A. Introduction The Ch illiwack/Vedder l ies in the south central area of the Fr aser Valley, flowing i n an approximate westerly direction until it enters the Fraser River southwest of Chilliwack (See Figure I). The river originates in Chilliwack Lake, is 38 miles in length , and drains an area of 468 squ are miles , 164 of which are in the State of Washington . For t h e first 28 miles from Chilliwack Lake to Vedder Crossing , the river is known as the Chilliwack Ri,,er. During the early 1900's, the Chilliwack River was diverted into the Vedder River and this division has since been referred to as the Chi lliwack/Vedder River . The river below Vedder Crossing is known locally as the Vedder ~iver and for the first four miles proceeding downstream it flows on an alluvial fan . For the last five miles it is confined between dykes, and flows across the former flood plain of the Fraser River. The water of the Chilliwack/Vedder system is generally clear, except during heavy rains. The area adjacent to the river is agricultural a nd residential for t he lower h alf of the system. Extensive logging h as taken place over the past 35 years above Vedder Crossing, a nd these op erations, together with forest fires, h ave denuded l a rge areas adjacent to the river . This appears to be the main cause of flash flooding, usually associated with sudden rains . The Chilliwack-Vedder system, together with its tributaries, is a significant producer of salmon, steelhead and trout. Pink salmon appear in large numbers throughout the Fraser System and spawn every second year in the early Fall . The Chilliwack/Vedder system is cons i dered to be the most important p ink salmon producing a r ea on the south side of the Fraser River below Hope. These pink stocks are almost totally associated with catches by the commercial fishery. THE CHILLI WACK- VEDDER RIVER SYSTEM AGASS•I Z SARDIS • CHILLI WACK MUN ICIPALITY Q__ I 2 -3- Coho salmon are found in abundance, and are most available for sport fishing from early October through December. It is estimated that there were approximately 3,200 coho caught by sport fishermen during 1974~!) Steelhead are primarily fished from late November through late March on the Vedder system. An estimated 3,000 were caught by sport fishermen 2 during 1974, ( ) with a similar number reaching the spawning grounds. Trout are a significant sport species in the system, with Dolly Varden, Cutthroat and Rainbow being taken. Sucker and whitefish are also available. Chinook salmon are present in extremely small numbers . The location of the system, on the periphery of a major urban area, makes it highly attractive as a sport fishery and natural recreation area. Bank fishing is the predominant sport fishing mode, and reasonable to easy access is obtained over most of the river area. The river from Slesse Creek to Chilliwack Lake is closed to fishing year round, except for a two-week period in July- August when fishing with lures is permitted . Summary The C~illiwack-Vedder river is an important tributary of the Fraser River in terms of both its agricultural and domestic usage, and its natural recreation capabilities. It is a significant rearing ground for salmon, both commercial and sport, and provides a viable sport fishery on steelhead, and trout as well. Its relative proximity to the metropolitan Vancouver area increases the attractiveness of its three distinct sport fisher;.es: the coho fishery (October through December): the steelh ead fishery ( November through March) and the trout fishery, peaking in July and August. B. Study Method Interviewing took place on a part-time basis from July 1974 through December 1974, and on a full-time basis from January through March, 1975. This was necessary because of financial constraints associated with the study. Consequently, a "proportionately represe_ntati ve" sample from the four recreational user groups surveyed was not obtained. Furthermore, no independent source of total user numbers in the system is available. (1) Conversations with officials of the Provincial Fish and Wildlife Branch, Department of Recreation and Conservation. 2 < ) Developed from Provincial creel census data. -4- This study will therefore discuss the perceptions and preferences of each of the user groups identified, but will not estimate total levels of use or total value for the system. It is also important to note that the "user" groups were not totally distinct. An examination of visits by month will indicate that some recreators interviewed visited the area year-round, and fished for whatever species were available at the time. Consequently, information on weather, for instance, will be to some degree a consequence of the time of year the interview was conducted. The survey focussed on persons found "at bankside". It consequently did not cover kyackers, canoers, innertubers, and other recreators found floating on the river, save where they came ashore, and, so, under­ represents this group. Any large groups of relative unruly recreators were also avoided by interviewers. The surveyed area was covered on a a>ntinuing, rotating basis, with everyone at site over the age of 16 years being interviewed . The first piloting took place in June, 1974. The questionnaire, which was completed by the interviewer, is reproduced in Appendix A. c. The Steelhead Fishermen of the Chilliwack/Vedder 1 Who are the Steelhead Fishermen? Due partially to the sampling configuration of the study, and partially to the popularity of the Chilliwack/Vedder system for steelhead fishing, 475 of the 665 respondents interviewed indicated their fishing motive in being there was to sport fish for steelhead . While slight mention was made of camping and relaxing as secondary motivations, virtually all respondents indicated they were there primarily to fish. Furthermore, 474 respondents (all but one) indicated that they had come specifically to the Chilliwack/Vedder and had not merely "stopped off" as the offshoot of a visit to another area. -5- Ninety-three percent of the steelheaders came from, and were returning to, their homes that same day, while a further 4 per cent were staying in adjacent campgrounds. Only 15 per cent of those inter­ viewed were accompanied by a member of their fami l y. As might be expected , distance also has a marked effect on participation rates on the river. Table I summarizes the place of residence of interviewed respondents. Table I PERMANENT RESIDENCE OF SAMPLED RESPONDENTS CHILLIWACK/VEDDER "STEELHEADER" Per cent Number of of Total Respondents Sample Chilliwack, Cultis, Sardis, Vedder, Yarrow 98 21 Delta, Surrey, Whiterock, Langley, Cloverdale 98 21 Vancouver, North and West Vancouver 91 19 Burnaby, New Westminster 42 9 Matsqui, Sumas, Abbotsford, Aldergrove 35 7 Coquitlam, Port Coquitlam, Port Moody 30 6 Haney, Pitt Meadows 28 6 Mission, Agassiz, Harrison 21 4 Richmond 12 3 Other, British Columbia 10 2 Other, Canadian 3 1 United States 7 1 475 100 The inverse relationship between distance travelled and participation becomes even clearer when the Table I figures are adjusted by popula­ tion size. To facilitate this analysis, the residential areas listed were further arbitrarily grouped into "adjacent areas", " near areas " and "more distant areas". The results of this analysis are presented in Table II. - 6- Table II PARTICIP.ATION IN CHILLIWACK/ VEDDER STEELHEAD FISHERY BY AREA OF RESIDENCE, AND WEIGHTED FOR POPULATION DTFFERENCES Number of Index of Intensity Respondents of P~rticipation per Area capita (1) Adjacent Areas Chilliwack, Cultis, Sardis, Vedder and Yarrow 98 100.0 Near Areas Mission, ~gassiz, Harrison, Hope Masqui, Sumas, Abbotsford, Aldergrove, Delta, Surrey, White Rock, Langley, Cloverdale, Haney, Pitt Meadows, Coquitlam, Port Coquitlam 209 19.1 More Distant Areas Vancouver (including North and West) Richmond, Burnaby, New Westminster, Port Moody 148 6.4 (1) The index of participation is derived by the formula: # of area X participants x (Population of "Adjacent" area (100) # of "adjacent area (Population of Area ) participants :Where X is the area being tested - 7 - Thus, steelheaders, living adjacent to the Chilliwack/Vedder system travel to the river approximately five times as much as those living in "near areas", and 15 times as much as steelheaders living at "more distant" locations in the Lower Mainland.
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