A Taxonomic Survey of Seaweeds from Eritrea
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An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti
Regional Dynamics of Inter-ethnic Conflicts in the Horn of Africa: An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti DISSERTATION ZUR ERLANGUNG DER GRADES DES DOKTORS DER PHILOSOPHIE DER UNIVERSTÄT HAMBURG VORGELEGT VON YASIN MOHAMMED YASIN from Assab, Ethiopia HAMBURG 2010 ii Regional Dynamics of Inter-ethnic Conflicts in the Horn of Africa: An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti by Yasin Mohammed Yasin Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree PHILOSOPHIAE DOCTOR (POLITICAL SCIENCE) in the FACULITY OF BUSINESS, ECONOMICS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES at the UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG Supervisors Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit Prof. Dr. Rainer Tetzlaff HAMBURG 15 December 2010 iii Acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to thank my doctoral fathers Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit and Prof. Dr. Rainer Tetzlaff for their critical comments and kindly encouragement that made it possible for me to complete this PhD project. Particularly, Prof. Jakobeit’s invaluable assistance whenever I needed and his academic follow-up enabled me to carry out the work successfully. I therefore ask Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit to accept my sincere thanks. I am also grateful to Prof. Dr. Klaus Mummenhoff and the association, Verein zur Förderung äthiopischer Schüler und Studenten e. V., Osnabruck , for the enthusiastic morale and financial support offered to me in my stay in Hamburg as well as during routine travels between Addis and Hamburg. I also owe much to Dr. Wolbert Smidt for his friendly and academic guidance throughout the research and writing of this dissertation. Special thanks are reserved to the Department of Social Sciences at the University of Hamburg and the German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) that provided me comfortable environment during my research work in Hamburg. -
000000548.Sbu.Pdf
SSStttooonnnyyy BBBrrrooooookkk UUUnnniiivvveeerrrsssiiitttyyy The official electronic file of this thesis or dissertation is maintained by the University Libraries on behalf of The Graduate School at Stony Brook University. ©©© AAAllllll RRRiiiggghhhtttsss RRReeessseeerrrvvveeeddd bbbyyy AAAuuuttthhhooorrr... Archaeological Investigation of the Buri Peninsula and Gulf of Zula, Red Sea Coast of Eritrea A Dissertation Presented by Amanuel Yosief Beyin to The Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology (Archaeology) Stony Brook University May 2009 Stony Brook University The Graduate School Amanuel Yosief Beyin We, the dissertation committee for the above candidate for the Doctor of Philosophy degree, hereby recommend acceptance of this dissertation. John J. Shea Associate Professor, Anthropology David J. Bernstein Associate Professor, Anthropology John G. Fleagle Distinguished Professor, Anatomical Sciences Steven A. Brandt Associate Professor, Anthropology University of Florida, Gainesville This dissertation is accepted by the Graduate School Lawrence Martin Dean of the Graduate School ii Abstract of the Dissertation Archaeological Investigation of the Buri Peninsula and Gulf of Zula, Red Sea Coast of Eritrea by Amanuel Yosief Beyin Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology (Archaeology) Stony Brook University 2009 This dissertation reports the results of archaeological survey and excavations on the Buri Peninsula and Gulf of Zula, Red Sea coast of Eritrea. Its primary goals were to seek evidence for prehistoric human settlement, and to define the geological, chronological and cultural contexts of the sites. The Red Sea Coast of Africa is thought to be an important refugium for humans dispersing from the interior of East Africa into Arabia and the Levant. -
This Article Appeared in a Journal Published by Elsevier. the Attached
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Author's personal copy Global and Planetary Change 72 (2010) 429–450 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Global and Planetary Change journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/gloplacha Geologic setting of the Abdur Archaeological Site on the Red Sea coast of Eritrea, Africa Richard T. Buffler a,⁎, J. Henrich Bruggemann b, Berhane N. Ghebretensae c, Robert C. Walter d, Mireille M.M. Guillaume b,e, Seife M. Berhe f, William McIntosh g, Lisa E. Park h a Institute for Geophysics, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, 78712, USA b Laboratoire d' Ecologie Marine, Université de la Réunion, B.P. 7151, 97715 St. Denis, LA Réunion, France c Department of Mines, P.O. Box 272, Asmara, Eritrea d Department of Geosciences, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, 17604, USA e Départment Milieux et Peuplement Aquatiques,UMR CNRS-MNHN-UPMC-IRD BOREA, -
The Question of Structural Violence on the Saho People of Eritrea, in Spite of Their Important Role During the Eritrean Struggle for Independence
Faculty of Humanities, Social Science and Education Centre for Peace Studies The Question of Structural Violence on the Saho people of Eritrea, in spite of their important role during the Eritrean Struggle for Independence Romodan Abdellah Esmail Master’s Thesis in Peace and Conflict Transformation: SVF-3901 University of Tromsø, Norway June 2015 Foreword This thesis is written as a completion to the Master of Peace and Conflict Transformation at the University of Tromsø, Norway. The research focuses on structural violence against the Saho people of Eritrea, a cultural minority group. There is very little information about the Saho people in general and about structural violence on the Saho people in particular. Moreover, under the contemporary despotic government of Eritrea, minority voices become unheard and even forbidden. Their suffering as well has become unrecognized. From these perspectives and as a member of the population being studied, the topic was initiated and selected by myself. The main intention of the research is to hopefully give a reader deeper insight and understanding about the overall situation, mainly the question of structural violence, on the Saho people under the current regime of Eritrea. The full scope of the research is the Saho people therefore it has mainly relied on understandings and narrations of the Saho people. As a true revealing task, the research has chosen to link a human rights and justice perspective to the topic, in line with the research field. Since the current situation of the Saho people are products of pre independence historic processes, as a background, pre independence history of the Saho people has been covered. -
Anglo-Ethiopian Relations: 1840-1868
University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Student Work 12-1-1979 Anglo-Ethiopian relations: 1840-1868 Barbara in den Bosch University of Nebraska at Omaha Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork Recommended Citation Bosch, Barbara in den, "Anglo-Ethiopian relations: 1840-1868" (1979). Student Work. 438. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork/438 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Work by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Anglo-Ethiopian Relationsi 1840-1868 A Thesis Presented to the Department of History and the Faculty of the Graduate College University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts University of Nebraska at Omaha by Barbara in den Bosch December 1979 UMI Number: EP73076 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI EP73076 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Thesis Acceptance Accepted for the faculty of the Graduate College, University of Nebraska, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts, University of Nebraska at Omaha. -
Ethnoarchaeological Survey of Cave Dwelling in the Qoḥayto Plateau of Eritrea
Ethnoarchaeological Survey of Cave Dwelling in the Qoḥayto Plateau of Eritrea Robel Haile Department of Anthropology and Archaeology Adi Keih College of Arts and Social Sciences (Eritrea) [email protected] or [email protected] SOMMARIO Gli studi speleologici presentano un considerevole potenziale per la comprensione dei processi di sviluppo culturale sull’Altopiano del Qoḥayto1, e per lo studio dei pattern di mobilità e dei sistemi residenziali dei gruppi pastorali. Questo contributo è basato su un survey archeologico e l’osservazione etnografica dell’organizzazione dello spazio domestico in grotte dell’Altopiano del Qoḥayto, ponendo in particolare evidenza: a) l’opposizione tra lo spazio umano e quello destinato agli animali, e b) le variazioni all’interno di questi due domini. I risultati mostrano l’esistenza di due tipi di organizzazione di questi spazi: l’una con la zona del goḥo-makādo separata da quella per gli animali, l’altra con la zona del balbala separata dalla seconda. Keywords: Rock Shelters, Caves, Ethnoarchaeology, Qoḥayto Plateau, Eritrea DOI: 10.23814/ethn.13.17.hai 1. Introduction Human occupation of caves provides valuable ethnographic and archaeological information about the occupants (Kempe 1988). The spatial layout of the domestic space and the material remains within it, such as hearth, bones, ashes, ceramics and lithics, supply archaeologists and anthropologists a broad range of information. Advantages of cave sites go beyond their being mere suppliers of abundant and diverse data. They are easy to locate compared to open-air sites (Moyes 2012), and “serve as fairly permanent postdepositional containers for material residues” (Strauss 1979: 333). Given these fundamental advantages, cave studies, particularly their utility pattern, dates back to the early days of archaeology, forming the back-bone of Paleolithic Studies in Europe. -
Ethiopia's Sovereign Right of Access to the Sea Under International Law Abebe T
Digital Commons @ Georgia Law LLM Theses and Essays Student Works and Organizations 1-1-2007 Ethiopia's Sovereign Right of Access to the Sea under International Law Abebe T. Kahsay University of Georgia School of Law Repository Citation Kahsay, Abebe T., "Ethiopia's Sovereign Right of Access to the Sea under International Law" (2007). LLM Theses and Essays. 81. https://digitalcommons.law.uga.edu/stu_llm/81 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works and Organizations at Digital Commons @ Georgia Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in LLM Theses and Essays by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Georgia Law. Please share how you have benefited from this access For more information, please contact [email protected]. ETHIOPIA’S SOVEREIGN RIGHT OF ACCESS TO THE SEA UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW by ABEBE TEKLEHAIMANOT KAHSAY Under the direction of Daniel Bodansky ABSTRACT Since Eritrea’s secession from Ethiopia there has been continuous opposition by intellectuals and the opposition to the government’s policy of making Ethiopia a landlocked country. Some totally reject the secession, while others accept the independence as a “fait accompli” and voice concern over the lack of an outlet to the sea, and still others acknowledge the right of self-determination and secession of Eritrea but denounce the inconsistency of the application of the Transitional Charter regarding the Red Sea Afar and the Algiers Agreement for denying Ethiopia its legitimate right to access to the sea and allege that the government is acting against the paramount national interest of the country. -
Eritrea Assessment
ERITREA REPORT OCTOBER 2004 Country Information and Policy Unit IMMIGRATION & NATIONALITY DIRECTORATE HOME OFFICE, UNITED KINGDOM Eritrea October 2004 CONTENTS 1 Scope of Document 1.1 2 Geography 2.1 3 Economy 3.1 3.2 Drought & Famine 4 History Foundations of Eritrea 4.1 Resistance to Ethiopian Rule 1952-1991 4.2 Independence 1993 & Transitional Government 4.4 The PFDJ and Constitutional Developments 4.7 Border Conflict with Ethiopia 1998-2000 4.13 Unresolved Border Demarcation 4.18 5 State Structures The Constitution 5.1 - Citizenship and Nationality 5.2 - Three Witnesses 5.10 - The 1993 Referendum 5.16 - Mixed Marriage & Mixed Birth 5.18 The Political System 5.22 The Judiciary 5.27 - Special Courts 5.35 Legal Rights/Detention 5.38 - Death Penalty 5.43 Internal Security 5.44 Prisons and Prison Conditions 5.46 The Military 5.52 - Military Round-ups & Draft Evaders 5.57 - Military Service 5.63 - Demobilisation 5.69 - Prisoners of War 5.74 Medical Services - General 5.75 - Specialist Facilities 5.82 - HIV/AIDS 5.85 - The Disabled 5.96 Educational System 5.98 Eritrea October 2004 6 Human Rights 6.A Human Rights - issues General 6.1 Freedom of Speech and of the Media - The Media 6.7 - Non Media Criticism 6.14 6.17 Freedom of Religion 6.22 Religious Groups - - Non-Sanctioned Religious Groups - Jehovah’s Witnesses 6.36 - Muslims 6.47 Freedom of Assembly and Association 6.51 - Political Activists - Political Opposition 6.59 - Democratic Elections 6.64 - The G15 Group 6.67 - Supporters of the Ethiopian Derg Regime 6.74 - Supporters of the ELF -
Eritrea Ministry of Land, Water and Environment
THE STATE OF ERITREA MINISTRY OF LAND, WATER AND ENVIRONMENT th 6 National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity December 2019 ERITREA SIXTH NATIONAL REPORT TO THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY (CBD), 2019 i ERITREA SIXTH NATIONAL REPORT TO THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY (CBD), 2019 ii ERITREA SIXTH NATIONAL REPORT TO THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY (CBD), 2019 Table of Contents List of Acronyms ................................................................................................................... v List of Tables ....................................................................................................................... vii List of Figures ..................................................................................................................... viii Executive Summary ............................................................................................................. ix 1. Background and Context ............................................................................................. 1 2. 6th National Report for the Convention on Biological Diversity .............................. 2 2.1 Information on the Targets Being Pursued at the National Level ......................... 2 2.2 Implementation measures taken, assessment of their effectiveness, associated obstacles, and scientific and technical needs to achieve national targets .............. 27 2.3 Assessment of progress towards each National Target ......................................... 68 2.4 Description -
Adulis-Carannante201
Newsletter di Archeologia CISA, Volume 6, 2015, pp. 279-294 ADULIS IN ITS REGIONAL MARITIME CONTEXT. A PRELIMINARY REPORT OF THE 2015 FIELD SEASON Alfredo Carannante Clément Flaux (CNRS, Ecolab UMR 5245, Toulouse) Christophe Morhange (Université Aix-Marseille) Chiara Zazzaro (Università di Napoli “L’Orientale”) Introduction evidence, to reconstruct the history of the fluvial The site of Adulis, hub of the Mediterranean- activity and to assess flood risk for the site. Indian Ocean trade, is located on the western shore of the gulf of Zula, circa 5km from the Coastal geomorphology fieldwork at the western coast. According to literary sources the town gulf of Zula: stratigraphy and geo-archaelogical was served by landing places and harbours issues dislocated on the western coast of the gulf of (C. Flaux and Ch. Morhange) Zula and on the islands. The site of Adulis lies within a delta fan, Earliest investigations in the Adulis region drained and deposited by the Alighede and were started in 2004-5 by an Eritro-British team Haddas rivers and numerous tributaries (Fig. 1). of the Asmara and Massawa museums and of As noted by previous research, while historical the Southampton University. They had the merit accounts from Antiquity testified that the city to have provided a preliminary archaeological was at this time ca. 3,3km distant from the and geo-archaeological assessment of the area, shore, Adulis lies today some 5km from the identifying the Galala hills, 5km to the south of coastline, indicating a great alluvial activity the site, and the island of Dissei, outside the gulf since the last 2000 years (Peacock and Blue, of Zula, as the two main landing places serving 2007; Alemseged, 2011). -
The Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Basins
Journal of African Earth Sciences 43 (2005) 334–378 www.elsevier.com/locate/jafrearsci The Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Basins William Bosworth a,*, Philippe Huchon b,1, Ken McClay c,2 a Marathon Oil Company, P.O. Box 3128, Houston, TX 77253, USA b Laboratoire de Tectonique, Universite´ Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France c Geology Department, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK Received 15 July 2004; accepted 18 July 2005 Available online 21 November 2005 Abstract We here summarize the evolution of the greater Red Sea–Gulf of Aden rift system, which includes the Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba, the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden marine basins and their continental margins, and the Afar region. Plume related basaltic trap volcanism began in Ethiopia, NE Sudan (Derudeb), and SW Yemen at 31 Ma, followed by rhyolitic volcanism at 30 Ma. Volcanism thereafter spread northward to Harrats Sirat, Hadan, Ishara-Khirsat, and Ar Rahat in western Saudi Arabia. This early magmatism occurred without significant extension, and continued to 25 Ma. Much of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden region was at or near sea level at this time. Starting between 29.9 and 28.7 Ma, marine syn-tectonic sediments were deposited on continental crust in the central Gulf of Aden. At the same time the Horn of Africa became emergent. By 27.5–23.8 Ma a small rift basin was forming in the Eritrean Red Sea. At approximately the same time (25 Ma), extension and rifting commenced within Afar itself. At 24 Ma, a new phase of volcanism, principally basaltic dikes but also layered gabbro and granophyre bodies, appeared nearly synchronously throughout the entire Red Sea, from Afar and Yemen to northern Egypt. -
A POLITICAL BIOGRAPHY of R7?S Alula 1875
A POLITICAL BIOGRAPHY OF R7?S ALULa 1875 - 1897 to y Haggai Erlicfi A Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy a t the U n iversity o f London School of Oriental and African Studies June 1973 ProQuest Number: 10672713 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672713 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT Ras Alula played a significant role in the political history of northern Ethiopia during the period between the Egyptian in vasion o f 1875 nnd the I ta lia n d efeat at Adv/a in 1896 . This son o f a peasant managed to avoid the iocczi social scale by becoming the b est general o f the Tigrean Emperor Yohannes. As such, he helped his master to consolidate Tigrean hegemony in Ethiopia and was appointed as the governor of the problematic frontier province of the future Eritrea, External threats to this province made him a key figure in Ethiopia’s relations with its African neighbours and with European powers.