Annual Report 2008 Genocide in Which Six Million European Jews Were Exter- Minated

We, women and men in public life, historians, intellectuals and people from all faiths, have come together to declare that the defence of values of justice and fraternity must overwhelm all obstacles to prevail over intolerance, racism and conflict. We say clearly that the Israelis and the Palestinians have a right to their own state, their own sovereignty and security and that any peace process with such aims must be supported. In the face of ignorance, prejudice and competing memories that we reject, we believe in the power of knowledge and the primacy of History. We therefore affirm, beyond all political considerations, our deter- mination to defend historical truth, for no peace is built on lies.The Holocaust is a historical fact: the annual report 2008 genocide in which six million European Jews were exter- minated. To deny this crime against humanity is not only an insult to the memory of the victims, but also an insult to the very idea of civilization. Hence, we believe that the teaching of this tragedy concerns all those who have at heart the will to prevent further genocides. The same requirement of truth calls on us to recall the actions of the Righteous in Europe and in the Arab and Muslim world.

Together, we declare our common desire to promote a sincere dialogue, open and fraternal. It is in this spirit

10, avenue Percier that we have gathered around the Aladdin Project. We call 75008 Paris — France on all men and women of conscience around the Tel: +33 1 53 42 63 10 Fax: +33 1 53 42 63 11 world to work with us in this common endeavour www.fondationshoah.org of shared knowedge, mutual respect and peace. Editorial

very institution, whether in France or abroad, is currently dealing with the impact of the global economic meltdown. E Our Foundation has managed to limit losses by implemen- ting low-risk strategies, allowing continued support in 2008 for its various projects, which will be presented in this activity report. Within this new market context, resources stemming from our endowment will be slightly lower than those from the period run- ning from the year 2000—when the Foundation was launched—to 2007, the last year of financial prosperity. The needs of our partners will not diminish in any way. We therefore will have to redefine priorities and make certain choices—some of them difficult ones—to ensure that the Foundation’s activities continue well into the future while meeting urgent requests that bear upon our conscience. Our director, Anne-Marie Revcolevschi, stepped down after eight years of service to the Foundation during which she displayed her full talent, based on her warmth, energy, creativity and profound reflection on all issues. We would like to thank her for this. I am very pleased that Philippe Allouche has accepted to succeed her. He will know how to steer our institution and adapt it to the challenges it currently faces, given his professionalism, enthusiasm and receptivity. In carrying out this difficult task, he can rely on the support of Jean-Luc Landier, to whom I pay tribute for his skills, intellectual rigor and solid commitment on behalf of the Founda- tion since its inception. Together we will continue our efforts to preserve memory and to develop partnerships with those seeking a better world, one based on justice, tolerance and respect for others.

David de Rothschild, president of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah The Struggle Must Go on

hen this report is published, I will be on the verge of step- ping down as director of the Foundation for the Memory W of the Shoah. I would like to express my thanks to everyone who has given me their conﬁdence—Simone Veil, David de Rothschild, all administrators present and past, members of the various commissions that have helped me, project managers, to all those who have become my friends.

I look back on everything we have accomplished. I look at our team, now consisting of over a hundred volunteer members making up the Executive, our Management Committee, our commissions and some ﬁfteen permanent staff.

I think back to my arrival at the Foundation. There were only four of us back then: Pierre Saragoussi and his assistant; Jean-Luc Landier; and myself. We had been given the task of turning this great Foundation into a fully operational entity. It was the brainchild of the Mattéoli Commission, and notably of Professor Ady Steg—it is impossible to fully express how much we owe to him.

We had to do virtually everything, and do it quickly: deﬁne the ﬁeld of intervention, create the expert commissions, explain the evalua- tion paradigms we would use in selecting projects, maximize investment potential for our endowment, and forge our niche among the many longstanding and well-established institutions.

All of this in an effort to carry out a mission of the utmost gravity: transmit the memory of the Shoah, an unprecedented tragedy in the history of mankind, one that took several of my family members. We had to also be extremely attentive to the survivors whose wounds had never healed and be concerned with the living—with Jews and with everything that had nourished us for centuries, from our exile from Jerusalem to the creation of the State of Israel: teach our texts, our languages, our history, a crossroads of our culture and the cul- tures of other peoples encountered along our journey.

We were very set on achieving our goal, day after day, month after month, and with Jean-Luc Landier and then Philippe Allouche by my side, we strove to carry out our task with rigor, ﬂexibility and “a little bit of soul.” Did we succeed? I am not the one to judge. What I can say, however, is that our “trio” worked very hard, complement- ing one another very well, surrounded by intelligent, highly moti- vated staff, both project coordinators and assistants.

I won’t go into detail here about the 1,500 projects to which we have given some 110 million euros since 2001, all the while being careful to preserve the value of the endowment entrusted to us. What I do wish to say is that, despite the diversity of our projects, large and small, we have never lost sight of our overarching mission: transmitting the memory of the Shoah, without ever departing from historical truth or accuracy, or its speciﬁcity, while ﬁghting any attempt at amalgam, denial, banalization or revisionism. We have placed the greatest emphasis on research and education, and on the preservation of sources and sites of remembrance. But beyond any books, walls or museums, our priority has been the people and those institutions that help and comfort the survivors of the Shoah, former deportees, hidden children, needy orphans, solitude and dis- tress. This priority is everlasting.

Sometimes people ask me if the Foundation’s support and initiatives have marked or transformed how people today think about and perceive the Shoah, in France and abroad. I do not think so, or at any rate, not yet. Historians, philosophers, associations for former deportees and hidden children, those who actively campaign to preserve memory, writers, ﬁlmmakers and others obviously did not await the creation of the Foundation to transmit history. Indeed, they have been a great source of inspiration for us.

Yet, thanks to our policy of research grants and our international network of young researchers, I do think that we have helped educate a new generation of historians, sociologist and philosophers. They in turn will be educating teachers; they are the ones who, via their reﬂection, knowledge and commitment, will stimulate the minds of those who will visit memorial sites, concentration and extermination camps and museums that we have also helped renovate.

Objectives we are currently working to achieve include being able to show all visitors how the Jews arrived at Auschwitz-Birkenau up until April 1944, on the Juden Rampe, now restored thanks to Serge Klarsfeld’s initiative; and ensuring that the history of the deportation of children from camps in the Loiret region will be taught exhaustively in Orléans by the CERCIL. We are also working toward being able to explain to all future visitors at Drancy that this camp served as the antichamber of the death of nearly 76,000 Jews in France. Moreover, in 2008, we inaugurated an information panel about the Vél d’Hiv roundup at the Bir-Hakeim metro station, in partnership with the RATP.

We were also very determined to preserve every trace of those assassinated lives that the Nazis were trying to wipe out. Efforts to do this include the series of written accounts of survivors, an initiative launched by Simone Veil and Serge Klarsfeld, which now includes some forty publications; the fantastic Mémoire Demain project created by Raphaël Esrail, president of the Union of Auschwitz Deportees; Father Patrick Desbois’ book of testimonies of the mas- sacres of Jews from Ukraine and Bielorussia at the site of the mass graves; the accounts recorded with Dominique Missika and INA; and the preservation of the archives at the Commissariat Général aux Questions Juives, thanks to Isabelle Neuschwander. I hope that all of these documents will provide the basis for future work by historians, teachers and ﬁlmmakers, as will the seminal books for which we have provided ﬁnancial support for their publication in French—whether books by Saul Friedländer and Christopher Browning, for example, or Matatias Carp’s Cartea neagra about the destruction of Jews in Romania, published this year.

I’d like to say a few words about the Memorial. Our support for the Shoah Memorial is one of our major commitments, inscribed in our statutes as well as our hearts. We are very proud of what it has become: a museum, a major archives and documentation center, and more than anything else, a Wall of Names, a sepulture for those “whose names are all that remains,” where tiny candles placed in front of the wall burn silently in remembrance. Our two institutions are partners like they have never been before. Likewise, we have built partnerships and relationships of trust with all the major public and community organizations in France and abroad. I am certain that these tight bonds will be fruitful in the future, especially during this new phase we are now entering, a phase in which the Founda- tion will need to focus on those missions most essential to it. I have faith that it will know how to adapt and ﬁnd solutions that are ever innovative.

I also wonder about the transmission of Judaism, a subject that has been a concern to me. Have we helped inspire the minds of young people—Jewish or not—through the messages of wisdom and tolerance? Have we contributed to stemming anti-Semitism, hatred and intolerance? I have my doubts: the road is a difficult one in this world where the Internet and the glut of immediate, superficial information hinders making clear distinctions between true and false, as well as personal reflection, which requires time.

In conclusion, I would merely like to say that what has guided me over the years—years that seem to have raced by—is the fact that our Foundation is an open place where freedom and debate ﬂourish, a place of imagination, reﬂection and courage. I have always been highly conscious that the funds entrusted to us had to be used with great respect for the memory of the Jews who had been killed, so that the crime against humanity to which they were victims would never be forgotten. I am happy that we engraved the memory of the “Justes de France” during the darkness of the Shoah on the walls of the Pantheon, a lesson of hope and fraternity underscored by Jacques Chirac and Simone Veil.

And lastly, I am happy that, together with David de Rothschild, we have launched the Aladdin Project to defend historical truth and challenge those who deny, insult or instrumentalize it, and we have opened a dialogue of peace and mutual respect between Jews and Muslims. I will never forget the minute of silence at UNESCO on March 27, 2009, when nearly 800 people—including hundreds of representatives from Muslim countries—gathered in remembrance of the six million Jews killed during the Shoah.

The struggle must go on.

Anne-Marie Revcolevschi, director of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah

The Aladdin Project

Launched by the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah, the Alad- din Project is an innovative cultural and educational program that aims to create opportunities for dialogue based on understanding and respect for others while fighting against disinformation, myths and negationism—outpourings of extremism that squelch the voices of rea- son and moderation. It also aims to make available to all reliable, accessible historical and cultural information about the history of the Shoah and Judeo-Muslim relations, in Arabic, Farsi, Turkish, English and French. The websites www.projetaladin.org and www.aladdinlibrary.org represent the first two concrete aspects of the project. The Diary of Anne Frank is available for the first time in Arabic and Farsi as a result, more than sixty years after it was first published in Dutch. The conference organized to launch the Aladdin Project on Friday, March 27, 2009, at UNESCO brought together nearly 800 figures from Europe and the Muslim-Arab world, including Senegalese president Abdoulaye Wade, former French president Jacques Chirac, the former head of state of Mauritania Ely Ould Mohamed Vall and high dignitaries from Egypt, Morocco, Qatar, Tunisia, Bosnia, Turkey and Spain delegated by their heads of State and respective governments. “The Aladdin Project has only begun. Other initiatives are currently under- going preparation. The AP will become fully dimensional by our establish- ing partnerships with publishing houses, being present at book fairs, working with writers, intellectuals and journalists who will bring us into touch with the media, organizing seminars, conferences and festivals, and working closely with NGOs and universities in the Muslim-Arab world.” Anne-Marie Revcolevschi, director of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah.

Excerpts from speeches given at UNESCO

The Aladdin Project was launched as a result of an overwhelming observation: the marked rise in negationism and anti-Semitism fed by the Israelo-Palestinian conﬂict. Faced with this harsh reality, the Foun- dation for the Memory of the Shoah had the duty of contributing to defending historical truth and tolerance. David de Rothschild, president of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah

UNESCO fully supports this initiative, hoping that it brings long- term reinforcement to the educational tools fostering peace and tolerance. Koïchiro Matsuura, director general of UNESCO

Despite the fact that Holocaust survivors are still living, all material proof is visible and tangible, and testimonies abound, some individuals have set out to falsify, even deny, this chapter in the history of mankind. We categorically reject our memory being so dangerously amputated and disguised. Abdoulaye Wade, president of the Republic of Senegal

After the Shoah, nothing, for us, will ever be the same. Nothing can make us feel that we weren’t responsible. Nothing can change our feeling that we are orphans. Nothing can obviate the question: What would I have done? After the Shoah, we know that political courage, real courage, means resisting at all costs the xenophobia that is so dehumanizing. Jacques Chirac, former president of the French Republic It would be to deny my very humanity to say “Yes, this horror took place; no, it has nothing to do with me.” Those who died in the concentration camps were my brothers, my sisters of humanity. My brother, the child at Treblinka. My sister, the little girl at Auschwitz. Ely Ould Mohamed Vall, former head of the State of Mauritania

My reading of the Holocaust and the reading of My people are not those of amnesia. Our reading is that of a memorial wound that we know has been written in one of the most painful chapters in the pantheon of our universal heritage. Message from His Majesty Mohammed VI, king of Morocco

The strength of the Aladdin Project is that it reaches out to those who are handicapped by prejudice or ignorance or merely lack accessible information. It lifts the veil on misunderstandings and falsehoods. It opens up a space for a shared future. I wholeheartedly endorse the fundamental intuition inherent in the Aladdin Project. Message from Nicolas Sarkozy, president of the French Republic

Foundation Memory of Memory the Shoah the for the for 13 Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah A private foundation for the beneﬁt of the public Evolution of the number of projects handled by the Foundation

Projects accepted Projects rejected or not followed up

2003: 281 2004: 305 2005: 440 2006: 407 2007: 361 2008: 417

The Foundation for the Memory The endowment is managed by the FMS’s of the Shoah was created in 2000 financial commission. on the recommendation of the Mattéoli Commission, charged with inventorying The majority of the FMS’s annual budget and evaluating the belongings expropriated goes to the funding of projects, from the Jews during the war and unjustly which are evaluated by five commissions kept by the state apparatus and French made up of volunteer members: Solidarity, financial institutions. Memory and Transmission, History of anti-Semitism and the Shoah, Shoah The funds have a value of 393 million euros, Education, and Jewish Culture. Projects which constitute the FMS’s endowment. recommended by the commissions are In contrast to the CIVS (Commission subsequently examined by the Foundation’s for the Compensation of the Victims of Executive and then by its Management Spoliation), which deals with reparations for Committee. Since its creation, the FMS has individuals, the Foundation uses the interest financed over 1,500 projects. generated by the endowment to finance In 2008, nearly 14 million euros were given projects and institutions. to fund 267 projects. Permanent Support for the Shoah Memorial

The Foundation covers 80 percent support granted by the Foundation of the Shoah Memorial’s operational for the Memory of the Shoah. budget. In 2008, this financing In addition, construction of the future represented 7.7 million euros. Centre d’Histoire et de Mémoire The Foundation also funds trips de Drancy also will be financed to Auschwitz organized by the Shoah by the FMS, which will reimburse Memorial for teachers and students. the loan contracted by the Shoah Memorial. This year, the amount earmarked for funding Shoah Memorial operations represented 36 percent of the overall f or the Me m ory f o the Shoah

Evolution of funding granted by the Foundation Foundation

14,970,825 7,550,000 9,176,191 7,497,000 13,817,535 7,738,917 66% 34% 55% 45% 64% 36%

2006: ¤ 22,520,825 2007: ¤ 16,673,191 2008: ¤ 21,556,452

Amount of support given to the Shoah Memorial

Amount of support to projects

15 Key Figures for 2008 Budget for projects: 14 million euros

Division of commitments per commission

euro 13,817,535

History of anti-Semitism Shoah Memory and Other and the Shoah Education Transmission Solidarity Jewish Culture Projects 504,216 1,178,325 2,686,954 4,962,990 3,135,050 1,350,000 4 % 8 % 19 % 36 % 23 % 10 %

Division of projects per commission

267 projects

History of anti-Semitism Shoah Memory and Other and the Shoah Education Transmission Solidarity Jewish Culture Projects 51 93 49 26 47 1 19 % 34 % 18 % 10 % 18 % 1 % Foundation, the C the Foundation, in France(lednotablybytheRothschild to supportprojectsforsurvivors programs. long-term several of renewal the following field ofaction,whichgrewthisyear represented theFoundation’sleading Solidarity withShoahsurvivors in place. to termdespitevariousrestrictions major projectstoallowthemcome which maintaineditssupportforcertain FMS, the of commitments the in The year2008sawanincrease de la Culture Culture la de Maison the for site new a acquiring in by theFoundation’sparticipation The year2008wasmarkednotably the mostgenerousFMSgrants. receiving field, second-leading the T the associationLatet). (especially viathepartnershipwith the OSEandAdiam)inIsrael The memoryandtransmission ( teachings religious Consistoire’s Paris the for given totherenovationprogram ransmission of Jewish culture was was culture Jewish of ransmission More RigorousCriteria various fields. fields. various its within priorities as seen projects fund only will come, to years the during reduced its selection criteria for all fields of activity. activity. of fields all for criteria selection its tighten to had has Foundation the recession, economic of context global the Given of action (projects with no follow-up). no with (projects action scope of narrow more FMS’s the within ineligible deemed or rejected being projects T almud- Y iddish and the support support the and iddish A T S I orah). orah). T P-C he FMS continues continues FMS he O J

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T he Foundation, whose budget will likely be be likely will budget Foundation,whose he I n 2008, this led to a greater number of of number greater a to led this 2008, n in partnership with the state. state. the with partnership in Judaism and Shoah the to related sites maintaining for support substantial provide to continues Foundation the A researchers. support to grant-seekers for maintaining itsmajorprogram commission remainedstable, the for support continued Milles, Les at Camp the create to project Foundation’s the in taken steps concrete first the in focus that,in2008,resulted of theShoahalsorepresentsamajor of of The activitiesoftheHistory or bytheschoolsthemselves. Memorial Shoah the by either sites ofremembrance,organized Shoah to teachers and students for commission fundsschooltrips projects, theShoahEducation I projects. audiovisual several of D n addition to its many educational educational many its to addition n s part of its “ its of part s eportees and the completion completion the and eportees A nti-Semitism and the Shoah Shoah the and nti-Semitism O U ther Projects” category, category, Projects” ther nion of of nion A uschwitz uschwitz

17 Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah The Main Activities of the FMS

Helping survivors Transmitting as they age the memory of the Supporting Shoah survivors as they age Shoah is the principal mission of the Foundation. Thousands of people have benefited The transmission of the memory of the from its specialized services since Shoah is achieved through different types of the creation of the Foundation, whether projects, including films or documentaires highlighting less well-known aspects of at home or in specialized geriatric facilities. the Shoah, commemorations and museum The FMS also helps solve problems projects. for survivors in Israel, particularly those The Foundation places special importance in the most critical situations, through on the testimonies of victims of the Shoah. programs carried out by humanitarian In partnership with the publishing house associations like Latet or the Meir Panim Le Manuscrit, the Foundation publishes a soup kitchens. It supports similar programs series of accounts entitled “Testimonies of in Eastern Europe as well. the Shoah,” which now includes over forty works. Studying history

The Foundation funds research by young Conserving sources academics working on the Shoah, The microfilming of the General both in France and abroad, in history Commissariat for Jewish Affairs archives, as well as other disciplines. carried out by the French National Archives, was completed in 2008, and a copy This includes a program of doctoral transmitted to the Shoah Memorial. and post-doctoral grants, with the aim of encouraging research, particularly using Conserving these sources—highly precious new archives. for those carrying out research on Jews living in France during the war—has now been achieved.

benefited from thistraining. system. educational national French the within teachers at Torah, youth groups, etc.). (Talmud- programs educational informal and formal both supports and works, reference culture, much of which Jewish was decimated during of the Shoah. transmission the guarantee to is Foundation the of mission Another Culture Jewish Transmitting The FMS also launched a training program on Judaism aimed It supports the translation into French of early 1,000 professors have have professors 1,000 Nearly

19 Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah the Unified Jewish Social Fund (FSJU), Shoah education the Representative Council of Jewish Institutions in France (CRIF) The Foundation for the Memory and the Consistoire. The long-term of the Shoah closely follows all initiatives agreement with the FSJU is two-fold: launched by the Ministry of Education it involves setting up services of mutual and the world of teaching. Apart from this, interest for medical and social institutions the Foundation funds many school trips acting on behalf of Shoah victims; to sites of remembrance, either directly and fostering programs that make or through the Shoah Memorial, knowledge about Judaism more accessible which ensures that teacher training through quality Jewish education. and the production of educational The long-term agreement with the CRIF documents remain at the fore. revolves around education, fostering the development of programs for young people, and the modernization of rabbinical The struggle against educational training. negationism and anti-Semitism Helping Jewish schools: On March 27, 2009, the Foundation the Gordin Foundation launched Project Aladdin at UNESCO, for the Muslim-Arab world and aimed The Rachel and Jacob Gordin Foundation, at fighting negationism and anti-Semitism. devoted to funding projects for Jewish school It aims to challenge the major prejudices buildings, was created in January 2008. toward the Shoah and Judaism It is presided over by David de Rothschild on a website in Arabic, Farsi and Turkish and housed by the Foundation and by the translation of major works for the Memory of the Shoah. Of the fifteen about the Shoah, such as If This Is a Man projects examined in 2008, eleven were by Primo Levi and The Diary approved, for a total sum of 4.29 million of Anne Frank into these languages. euros. The FMS’s share represented 1.255 million euros. The Gordin Foundation established a charter guaranteeing respect for Republican values and for the values Partnerships of Judaism. All private Jewish schools requesting funding have signed the charter. with the major The Gordin Foundation is also intent on structuring the system governing schools Jewish institutions and will explore the various groupings that are feasible, based primarily As part of its long-term projects, on a map of existing schools and student the FMS supports the three major populations most likely to enter these federating institutions for French Judaism, establishments. Jean-Yves Guests: Series Documentary Exceptional an Resistance: The Paris-VIII of University Studies European historian Sémelin, Jacques research Guests: War the After Poland in Anti-Semitism F FMS the of president honorary Veil, Simone Guest: Camps the of Liberation the of Accounts Witness FMS the of director Revcolevschi, Anne-Marie philosopher Finkielkraut, Alain Guests: Erve? They do Purpose Educational What Trips toAuschwitz Talmudist and philosopher Deutsch, Émeric parent Riveline, Alain project coordinator, Geismann, Hannah Guests: Together Study Children and Parents Mibereshit: philosopher Mondzain, Marie-José cinéma du Cahiers of chief in Editor Frodon, Jean-Michel Guests: Shoah the and Cinema Jan in 2008 in Broadcast Programs ebruary a radio program on program radio a Since Since theFMSRadioShow Vives, Mémoires . memoiresvives.net at heard be can The programs cerns forthefuture. con- with reality contemporary and memory link that activities in involved are who of Judaism. and Shoah the transmission Anchored by uary

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21 Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah Jewish Studies at the University July Guests: Sophie Kessler-Mesguich, professor of languages Discussion with Saul Friedländer and linguistics, University of Paris-III following the publication of his book The Years Paul Fenton, professor of Hebrew language and of Extermination. Nazi Germany and the Jews civilization, University of Paris-IV (1939-1945), HarperCollins (English version), Éditions du Seuil (French version) May Israël and the Memory of the Shoah Survivors of Israel’s War of Independence Guest: Georges Bensoussan, historian, author of Guests: Maurice Fajerman and Maurice Swarc, An Undying Name, Israel: Zionism and the Destruction Machal Veterans of European Jews (1933-2007), Éditions du Seuil Denis Charbit, historian Judaïsm in Israel Today Healing After the Shoah Guest: Benjamin Gross, dean of Bar Ilan University Guests : Nathalie Zajde, Author, The Shoah and the Healing Process August Odile Jacob editions Claudia Eliscovich, Rebroadcasts: director of the Écoute, Mémoire et Histoire service Should the Shoah Be Taught in Primary School? at the OSE Guests: Philippe Joutard, former rector, Irène Epelbaum, Georges Bensoussan, historian, psychologist and discussion group coordinator Jean-Daniel Roque, program director at the French National Education Ministry The Loiret Camps Ghania Brown, primary school teacher Guest: Hélène Mouchard-Zay, director of the CERCIL The Shoah by Bullets and the Research of Father Desbois June Guests: father Patrick Desbois Anne-Marie Revcolevschi, director of the FMS The Hebrew Language Guests : Nurith Aviv, ﬁlmmaker, The Shoah in Tunisia director of the film Guest: Claude Nataf, president of the Society From Language to Language for the History of Tunisian Jewry Mireille Hadas-Lebel, historian and specialist September in ancient Judaism and the Hebrew language American Jews A Look at Jewish Education Guests: André Kaspi, historian, Guest: Benjamin Gross, specialist on the United States, dean of Bar Ilan University Jennifer Schenker Beder, American journalist Racial Hatred and anti-Semitism on the Internet Memory Tomorrow Guests: Marc Knobel, research at CRIF, Guests: Raphaël Esrail, Stéphane Lilti, president of the Union of Auschwitz Deportees specialized lawyer Isabelle Ernot, teacher of history and geography Itineraries of Artwork Expropriated from the Jews Has the Internet Changed the Approach to Judaism? Guests : Laurence Sigal, Guest: Laurent Munnich, directeur d’Akadem director of the Museum of Art Mass violence and History of Judaism, Paris Guests: Jacques Semelin, historian and political scientist Isabelle Le Masne de Chermont, Nathalie Tenenbaum, coordinator general curator of the Direction des Musées de France of the Online Encyclopedia of Mass Violence Guest: Kristallnacht African Jews North on books several of author Taieb, agrégé Jacques University Hebrew at professor Abitbol, Michel Guests: Present tothe from Jews Antiquity African North Novemb Guest: Propaganda Vichy Voilà: Nous Maréchal, Katy historian Hazan, Guest: OSE the of History Octob Guest: Solution Final the and Heydrich War World Second the during Germany on Guest: Italy in Shoah the of Memory The Resistance the and Occupation the of research Perrin Éditions Final Solution, the and Heydrich Rome in Museum future Shoah the of head

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23 Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah Organization of the Foundation

Honorary President Norbert Engel Members of the college Éric de Rothschild Simone Veil Inspector of the of the representatives President executive administration of Cultural of Jewish institutions of the Shoah Memorial Affairs, Ministry of Culture in France Paul Schaffer President President of the French David de Rothschild and Communications Pierre Besnainou President of the Unified Committee for Yad Vashem Vice-presidents Pierre Lubek Jewish Social Fund (FSJU) Ady Steg Serge Klarsfeld Financial inspector, Ministry Roger Cukierman President of the Universal Éric de Rothschild of he Economy, Industry and Honorary president of the Israelite Alliance (AIU) Treasurer Employment Representative Council of Jean-François Guthmann Jewish Institutions of France Members of the college Éric Lucas (CRIF) of experts Secretary Director of Memory, Alice Tajchman Raphaël Esrail Claire Andrieu Heritage and Archives, President of the Union Historian Member of the executive Ministry of Defense of Deportees to Auschwitz Claude Lanzmann Raphaël Hadas-Lebel Jean-François Guthmann Alice Tajchman Conseiller d’État President of the Lecturer, Organization for Helping Simone Harari MANAGEMENT Ministry of Education Children (OSE) Producer COMMITTEE Laurent Touvet Serge Klarsfeld David Kessler President Conseiller d’État, Members of the college Conseiller d’État, of representatives of the Association advisor to the Mayor Ministry of the Interior, of of the Sons and Daughters of Paris of public bodies Overseas Territories and of Jews Deported from Claude Lanzmann Jacques Andréani France (FFDJF) Territorial Collectivities Filmmaker, writer Ambassador of France, Joël Mergui Ministry of Foreign and Isabelle Yeni President of the Central Samuel Pisar European Affairs Inspector of Social Affairs, Consistoire and the Paris Lawyer Consistoire François Bernard Ministry of Labor, Social David de Rothschild Conseiller d’État, Relations, the Family Richard Prasquier President Ministry of Justice and Solidarity President of the CRIF of Rothschild & Cie

administration Administrators Shoah Education Accounts Dominique Trimbur Joelle Sebbah Director Solidarity, Memory Anne-Marie Revcolevschi and Transmission “Testimonies of the Shoah” History of anti-Semitism David Amar series and the Shoah Deputy director, Philippe Weyl Memory Development Jewish Culture and Transmission and projects Isabelle de Castelbajac Assistants Régine Socquet Philippe Allouche Communication Development and Projects, Deputy director, Pierre Marquis Shoah Education Jewish Culture Rachel Rimmer Yannick Douyère Gladys Sroussi administration and finance History of anti-Semitism Administration, Solidarity Direction Jean-Luc Landier and the Shoah, Audrey Rouah Marcelle Timsit Solidarity Gilles Brücker, Francis Neher, Catherine Schulmann-Khaïat, Schulmann-Khaïat, Catherine Neher, Francis Brücker, Gilles Jeannine Barberye, David Ben Ichou, Gérard Brami, Brami, Gérard Ichou, Ben David Barberye, Jeannine Marcel Stourdze, Yves Wolmark, Nathalie Zajde Nathalie Yves Wolmark, Stourdze, Marcel Commission Members of the commission the of Members 2008 commitments 2008 Jean-Raphaël Hirsch Jean-Raphaël 4,962,990 Administrator Administrator David Amar David President

euros euros

25 Projects supported Helping the Survivors

The global financial meltdown has reached every level of society, with the most destitute bearing the brunt of the crisis: In Israel, the elderly, particularly Shoah survivors who emigrated from Russia and Eastern Europe in recent years, are especially hard-hit by the worsening poverty. In 2008, the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah continued to provide aid to those in the most desperate situations, through highly committed associations in the field. In France, we were mobilized by the project for a residence for Shoah orphans, a large and ambitious project we had been working on for several years. Given the need, which was not supported by any major social institution, I believe that the option of purchasing or constructing this type of residence could have been further explored and successfully completed—even though the FMS does not oversee building projects. We were not able to accomplish this. It is a collective failure, and it seems important to acknowledge this fact. We are, however, committed to finding alternative solutions.

We now have a clear vision of both the short-term and medium-term needs of survivors and their children, as conﬁrmed by the survey we commissioned from the United Jewish Social Fund (FSJU). Some of these needs can be met through existing public assistance; others will require additional efforts from our Foundation. We know that the upcoming years will probably be difﬁcult, as global resources diminish.

But we must act now for the generation that suffered the Shoah, and for whom we have a duty to take care of in old age.

We are therefore more rigorous than ever in our decisions. These are now limited to annual programs, whose efﬁciency we continue to assess. We are also focusing on working closely with all the relevant social institutions, so as to provide coherent and coordinated solutions.

Jean-Raphaël Hirsch, president of the Solidarity Commission CASIM, Marseille Marseille CASIM, the at Oliviers les Résidence survivors Shoah of Care Caretakers OSE (Baït Ham) program friends” “Among OSE new technologies about seniors Teaching activities Social CASIM the for elderly, platform care and Help Amea Foundation CASIP-COJASOR beneficiaries and survivors Shoah for action Social FSJU Support, and for Listening Society National Passerelles support social and Listening FSJU services, Social FSJU the FMSand the between agreement Partnership Social Aid Social

Adiam Adiam survivors Shoah for center Skills Zajde Nathalie FMS, trauma survivors Shoah of specific the concerning Lyon region the in psychologists for Awareness-raising workers of community Training OSE disease Alzheimer’s from suffering have family members who caretakers to Aid CASIM visitors home of Network CASIM survivors for Shoah Homecare Homecare CASIP-COJASOR Foundation CASIP-COJASOR program caretaker Kesher Foundation Rothschild program caretaker Tikva

OSE OSE social expertise and medical shared West: and East between A link Federation of Jewish Societies in in e c n Fra Societies Jewish of Federation Malka” “Residence EHPAD new the in for rooms OSE Furnishings center, medical Habib Elio survivors for Shoah services Social CASIM for Center patients Alzheimer’s Senior a of Creation services Geriatric Amcha the of Center Netanya activities the for Support Aloumim for services members destitute social and Medical Latet assistance medical Food and Chaïm Mifal kitchens soup Meïr Panim Israel in for Aid survivors FSJU survivors fund for Shoah Emergency Aid Emergency

27 Projects supported

Transmission Memory and Memory Audrey Azoulay, Claude Bochurberg, Bochurberg, Claude Azoulay, Audrey Marie-Hélène Joly, Michel Laffitte, Laffitte, Michel Joly, Marie-Hélène Commission Olivier Lalieu, Marcello Pezzetti, Marcello Lalieu, Olivier Members of the commission the of Members Henri Borlant, Zeev Gourarier, Gourarier, Zeev Borlant, Henri Jean-Claude Grumberg, Grumberg, Jean-Claude 2008 commitments 2008 Bernard Reviriego, Reviriego, Bernard 2,686,954 Annette Wieviorka Annette Administrator Administrator Martine Saada Martine David Amar David President

euros euros

29 Projects supported Maintaining Rigorous Standards

The Memory and Transmission commission, which was renewed last year, is key to the Foundation’s missions. It must be noted that a large share of its budget finances projects (notably museum projects) that the commission did not directly endorse or which resulted from commitments taken prior to its creation. Its members pooled their complementary skills to examine the submitted projects: plays, written accounts, commemorative plaques, films and so on. The majority of projects concerned films, notably documentaries. We were therefore honored when Jean-Claude Grumberg, a member of our commission, was given a Molière award for his play Vers-toi Terre promise, tragédie dentaire, which we supported, and we were pleased with the enthusiasm for the first major documentary concerning the Einsatzgruppen, directed by Michaël Prazan. We received submissions for several projects dealing with the fate of Gypsies during the Second World War. The commission expressed the unanimous opinion that special efforts should be granted to raise awareness about this overly neglected aspect of Nazi policies. The grant we approved for Gypsy Memoirs (1930-1948) launched a large collection of written accounts and testimonies in several European countries, a project that would not have been possible without our financial support. The era when depictions of the Shoah in the public sphere were rare is a thing of the past. Today, the increasing number of diverse projects (scientific and general public books, memorials, plaques, films and sculptures) of varying quality means that we must maintain very high standards when selecting the ones we will support. These standards have guided our work and will continue to do so in the future.

Annette Wieviorka, president of the Memory and Transmission commission Yami2 and Films de la croisade croisade la de Films and Yami2 Bodet Patricia Olivier, Félix Nick, Christophe series documentary Resistance, The 33 Program Korn-Brzoza, David DVD Édition Affair Finaly The films Elzevir Jaoui, Laurent Manhunt d’ici Films Les Jaeggi, Danielle Mountain the of Shadow In the Cie et Costelle Clarke and Costelle, Danielle Clarke Isabelle Turenne, de Henri Guillaud, Jean-Louis War, World Second Apocalypse—The Ugoprod Ferro, Casubolo Antoine 1942. of A French Crime Summer the During France Unoccupied in Roundups Dérives Balteau, Bernard Shadows Without Children productions Audiovisual Transmission series

FMS, Éditions Le Manuscrit Manuscrit Le Éditions FMS, series Shoah” the of “Testimonies Publications MW productions productions MW Weiss, Émile Hebrew and English in Dubbed Auschwitz-Birkenau Sonderkommando internationale Vision Waksman, André Summer A Single productions Panama Santoni, Joël Disobey production Leitmotiv Tessa Racine, Saved Childhood balises et phares des Compagnie Amat, Jorge and Peschanski Denis Vichy propaganda voilà: nous Maréchal, productions Kuiv Prazan, Michaël Commandos Death The Einsatzgruppen: 24 images Production SP Régie Pillosio, Raphaël French Ordinary

Association for the Austrian Forum Cultural Austrian the for Association Pastore, Michel 2008 Festival interdites” “Musiques l’écho de Compagnie Horovitz, by play Israel After the Hérédia, Xavier Vital Espace Lebensraum, Rond-Point du Théâtre / Théâtre Manufacture la de Jean-Claude Grumberg, Tragédie Dentaire ToiVers Terre Promise, Théâtre Alya Échelle, Courte la de théâtre de Compagnie Vie la de Long au Vis events Cultural Keys Vivendi Ars Éditions Hoffenberg,Sam Camp Poniatowa The Polish: into Translation Seuil du Éditions Anissimov, Myriam Grossman Vassili of Biography Les Éditions de Paris Paris de Éditions Les Fijalkow,Jacques of Proceedings Conference Publication Cities and School Families, in Shoah the Transmitting éditeur Biro Adam Taslitzky,Boris Buchenwald in Made Drawings CERCIL Muller, Annette from Vel d’Hiv’ Little Girl The New edition: New Franck Marché ... From toHell Heaven

31 Projects supported 8th Festival of Israeli Cinema Placing of commemorative plaques Day devoted to the Shoah, in the synagogue on Rue Julien Special grants Isratim Lacroix, in memory of the Jewish Funding for the year 2008 children deported from the 20th Preface in Prose. French committee for Yad Vashem arrondissement of Paris Tribute to Benjamin Fondane, Federation of Jewish Societies UDA activities Musical creation, in France and the “Mémoire Demain project” Association C. Barre Union of Auschwitz Deportees Yom HaShoah The Meetings of Bordeaux 2009 Assistance in event organization Organization of a conference, and for the special issue of Ténou’a Cultural youth center in Yavné magazine MJLF Collection of oral and International Holocaust Remembrance Day written accounts UNESCO Collection of Oral Accounts from Jews During the Occupation in the Museum projects Lot-et-Garonne Contribution to the endowment of Conseil général of the Foundation of the Camp des the Lot-et-Garonne Milles Gypsy Memoirs 1930-1948 Association Mémoire du Camp des Collections of first-hand accounts of Milles Gypsies throughout Europe, Creation of a Virtual Resistance Mémoire magnétique productions Museum (1940-1945) Resistance Foundation (AERI) Commemorations Organization of the National Exhibition Day of Deportation “A Jewish Family in Turmoil and Day of Memory from Strasbourg to Périgueux, for the Vel d’Hiv’ Roundup. 1939-1944” Jewish Cultural Association Departmental archives of the Dordogne of Versailles Exhibition “The Banality of Good, Le Placing of a plaque Chambon sur Lignon—Plateau Refuge in memory of the Silberschmidt (1940-1944)” family, deported to Auschwitz Ely Ben Gal in 1944 Bar David Museum (Bar Am kibbutz) Association for the history Translation into French of the and memory of Jews deported “Yizkor” exhibition in the Aisne Beit Lohamei HaGhetaot Museum Commemoration and events Hosting of “The 11,400 Jewish organized for International Children Deported from France” Shoah Day Association Mémoire of the Camp des CERCIL Milles Construction of a monument to the Traveling exhibition about children memory of the Shoah interned in the Loiret camps CRIF Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées CERCIL 33 Projects supported “Testimonies of the Shoah” series

The “Testimonies of the Shoah” series includes stories from direct and indirect victims as well as witnesses to the persecutions perpetuated in Europe against Jews, before and during the Second World War. Created in partnership with the Éditions Le Manuscrit, the series includes hitherto unpublished or unavailable testimonies. Prior to publication, all the accounts were reviewed by a reading committee consisting of Shoah historians and specialists, and presided by Serge Klarsfeld. With this series, the Foundation is contributing to the collection and preservation of witness accounts..

President of the Reading Committee: Serge Klarsfeld erudite Neher family, hidden in La Praderie, in Members of the Reading Committee: the isolated region of Corrèze, so that he could Isabelle Choko, Olivier Coquard, continue his studies with them. When the Das Gérard Gobitz, Katy Hazan, Dominique Missika, Reich division arrived, everyone dispersed and Denis Peschanski, Paul Schaffer the adolescent was suddenly forced to fend for Administrator: Philippe Weyl himself; he joined the Resistance and tried to ﬁnd his parents.

2008 publications Memories of Troubled Times Memories of a Pediatrician at the OSE Pierre Auer Bacher in Occupied France and Switzerland,

Through its history and geographical location, 1940-45 Dr Gaston Lévy the Alsatian Jewish community clearly foresaw the Nazi peril and the imminence of war. Dr. Gaston Lévy, a pediatrician at the medical Pierre Auer Bacher was only ten years old schools of Strasbourg and Paris, was one of the at the start of the conflict: he first set foot in leading figures in the Children’s Relief Agency Paris under German occupation, passed the (OSE) during the Second World War. In 1941, demarcation line into unoccupied France with this agency named him medical inspector for his mother and grandmother to join up with his children’s shelters and director of a nursery his father, demobilized in Limoges, the city to in Limoges. Dr. Lévy helped streamline the which residents of Strasbourg retreated. The medical organization and improve hygiene situation worsened with the total occupation of and nutrition in homes for children. Starting France: anti-Jewish exactions increased and his in 1942, he hid and saved Jewish children grandparents were arrested. His parents went while continuing his medical practice. This into hiding and put Pierre in the care of the is a remarkable story written by a man of the summerof 1945. she returnedfrom deportationin by written T Germans.” the of hands the in up end not did who those those whodidn’tsuffer,inother words, especially quickly, too far forget French the forget; to want not do I besides and me, leave ever will horror of visions these think don’t I but now, back am “I community ofRouen. by FrançoiseBottoisontheannihilationofJewish Preface bySergeKlarsfeld.Historicalstudy Denise Holstein Cayeux-sur-Mer of Manuscript The it wasAuschwitz!” vanished: hope all it, discovered we When which thoseatDrancywouldbesent. to destination unknown this of reality the about less even knew We village. imaginary small a to referred it Yiddish, Polish in from: came it where know didn’t We ‘Pitchipoi.’ word the heard first we where interned, was family our where camp transit the Drancy, in was It harbor. Marseilles the in ferrying backandforthtotheships boat supply his with trade, Marseilles typical a bargeman, a was husband Cohen—whose Mémé of patois southern the by birth from lulled Jews provincial us, ears, our hurt that sound a with name strange a “Pitchipoi, Denise Toros-Marter Pitchipoï at I Was Sixteen innocent victims. upon inflicted suffering the easing to life entire his devoted who conviction, hese are the final words in the account account the in words final the are hese D

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these dramaticevents. by haunted still memory her of accuracy simplicity ofhereighteenyearsandthe the with adolescence her shattered She describesthosethreeyearsthat Keep a Close Watch over My Son over Watch aClose Keep Polish S Klarsfeld Preface by Serge Grinbaud Simon Forget Never Shalt Thou Commandment: Eleventh Alain-André Bernstein Bernstein Alain-André ( roundup d’Hiv Vél the during fate sisters andhismothersufferedthesame two His killed). and (deported victims defeat. the after regime xenophobic and racist shattered bythewarandriseof The happinessoftheGrinbaudfamilywas seeking peaceandworkpriortothewar. Shoah” can be consulted on www.fondationshoah.org on consulted be can Shoah” the of “Testimonies the of catalogue The complete the merefactofbeingbornJewish. for killed been have could he when time a at world the into came who child the on lavished affection and love the of full are family foster his from Letters death. her after found and mother his by kept letters on based childhood, his his birth.Inthisbookhehasrecreated a with hidden was Bernstein André Born intoaJewishfamilyin1940,Alain- 1940-44 child Letters toahidden 16-17, 1942),whichSimonescaped. imon Grinbaud is the second son of a of son second the is Grinbaud imon C atholic family just ten days after after days ten just family atholic J S ewish family that came to Paris Paris to came that family ewish imon’s father was one of the ﬁrst ﬁrst the of one was father imon’s

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35 Projects supported

and the and anti-Semitism Michael Marrus, Chantal Metzger, Catherine Nicault, Christian Oppetit, Oppetit, Christian Nicault, Catherine Metzger, Chantal Marrus, Michael Jean-Pierre Azéma, Anny Dayan-Rosenman, Ilan Greisalmer, Greisalmer, Ilan Dayan-Rosenman, Anny Azéma, Jean-Pierre History of History Ralph Schor, Peter Schöttler, Claude Singer, Yves Ternon Singer, Claude Schöttler, Peter Schor, Ralph Shoah Commission Members of the commission the of Members 2008 commitments commitments 2008 Dominique Trimbur 504,216 euros 504,216 Administrator Administrator André Kaspi President

37 Projects supported Encourage and Promote Research

During 2008, the commission responsible for the History of anti-Semitism and the Shoah—the name by which this commission is now known—examined ninety submissions. Of these, ﬁfty-two were selected. The commission continues its support of French and foreign researchers, although there are far too few requests from Central and Eastern European countries. The members are looking into ways to encourage more. The themes submitted touch on various aspects of the Shoah, ranging from history to law, literature and philosophy. All the social sciences and humanities fall within the framework of this commission. The approach is not only thematic; it is also geographical. The commission received proposals examining other genocides (Cambodia, Rwanda). Some were selected, although it is understood that the bulk of the research efforts we support concerns the Shoah and anti-Semitism.

The commission has supported the publication of high-quality work targeting a wide audience, so as to showcase the research and shine a light on the past. Thus, it provided funding for the second volume on the history of the Shoah, published by Saul Friedländer. Continuing in this same vein, it encouraged the publication of works on the complex relationships existing between the Poles and the Jews, as well as the death marches (a comprehensive study by Daniel Blatman). Finally, with a view to monitoring more efficiently and more closely the projects it has financed, the commission is working to determine more specific priorities and assessment criteria. It intends to continue to solicit thematic projects.

André Kaspi, president of the History of anti-Semitism and the Shoah commission Harriet Jackson Jackson Harriet conference 1991” 1881- Paris “Russian-Jewish the at presentation and Marseilles Paris and to journey Archival Israel University, Ben-Gurion Tuvia Friling, II War World of Aftermath the in and to, During, Prior Circles Right—Wing Yishuv’s by the Activity Intelligence and Rescue Aid, Operations, Immigration Illegal of Study Kaleidoscopic A Fahlbusch Jan Poland German-Occupied in Holocaust the Bystanding Camp. Death Belzec of Neighborhood the in Everyday Life Haifa, of Israel University Engelhard Gal 2000s the in Hometowns Native Their to Offspring Their and Jews German-Born of Visits Institutionalized Aids Research

University of Paris-III Paris-III of University Rollet, Sylvie France/Cambodia project scientific joint a of Creation (2007-09). Creation and Archives Memory, Belgium Brussels, Free of University Poujol, Catherine York, New to trip Research (1944-53) France in Church the of Role The Children. Jewish Deported or Hidden Recovering Potel Jean-Yves toPoland, trip Research the Shoah the of Memory and Past Jewish Its with Relationship Poland’s Paris-III of University Levy, Ophir Memory Clandestine Paris-III of University Kalisky, Aurélia Years Present tothe Postwar Immediate the from Works, Artistic in and Discourse Critical in Inhumanity Genocide, Camp, the Indescribable: the for Words

University of Paris-I of University Doulut, Alexandre and Lot Lot-et-Garonne Haute-Garonne, Gers, Test four départements: in Shoah France in the of history the for guide research a and guide asource tocreate Mission Israel Jerusalem, Archives, Zionist The Central the for France concerning tools archives four research developing and processing Classifying, CASIP-COJASOR archives Foundation CASIP-COJASOR the of management and Conservation kommandos and Dora association French Buchenwald collection documentary the of Digitization of Victims Spoliation) the of Compensation for the (Commission CIVS for archivist Funding an libraries and Archives

39 Projects supported Jewish Migrants & Politics in Western Europe Before the Holocaust Gerben Zaagsma, Doctoral European University of Florence, Italy Persecution, nazism and post-Doctoral and camps The Catholic Church and Persecution of Jews During the Occupation Grants of France, 1940-44, Incomprehension and Rescues Sylvie Bernay, University of Paris-I The Internment System in the Nazi Biography of A. Lozovski History of Jewish (1878-1952). Itinerary Concentration Camps (1933-45) Nicolas Bertrand, community of a Jewish-Bolshevik Leader Olivia Gomolinski, University of Berlin, Germany and anti-Semitism Sciences-Po, Paris Measures for the Monitoring, Internment and Deportation Germany’s Middle Eastern Policy The Start of Gypsies in Italy and anti-Semitism of anti-Semitic Unrest During the Second World War in the Arab World, in France (1879-92) Liccia Porcedda, EHESS, Paris Illustrated by Germany’s Relations Damien Guillaume, to Egypt and the PLO École des hautes etudes en sciences Germanization and Genocide: Between 1952 and 1979 sociales (EHESS) Nazi Policy in the Polish, French, Ulrike Becker, The Political Generation and Slovenian Borderlands, University of Hamburg, of the ’30s and Jewish Political 1939-45 Alexa Stiller, Germany Consciousness Before the Shoah: University of Hanover, Germany The Jews in Radom the Evolution of Political Values and Vicinity During World War II of the Jewish Community Doing Sports: a Practice (1939-44): in Interwar Poland of Violence in National Socialist German Administration—Ghettos— Kamil Kijek, Concentration Camps Forced Labor Camps University of Wroclaw, Veronika Springmann, Sarah Bender Poland University of Oldenburg, Germany International League Racism and anti-Semitism Jewish Prisoners Against Racism and anti-Semitism in the Italian Press in Nazi Concentration Camps, (1928-40) During the Fascist Period 1933-39 Emmanuel Debono, (1922-43): Kim Wünschmann, Birkbeck College, Sciences-Po, Paris Political and Journalistic University of London, UK Jewish Survivors in France from Propaganda The “Einmagazinierung” of 1945 to 1948—Repatriation, Fanny Levin, Concentration Camps, 1933-39. Reinsertion, Migrations University of Grenoble-II Photographs and Visual Reports Laure Fourtage, History of the Dreyfus Affair in German Illustrated Press University of Paris-I Philippe Oriol Ute Wrocklage University of Paris-I Paris-I of University Musnik, Noémie Europas (1988-2005) Juden ermordeten die für Denkmal Das Commemoration. National and Imagination Klei Alexandra History of Presentation and Illustration the for Camps Concentration Socialist National of Architecture the of Importance and Function Place. Memorized The Paris-I of University Hejda,Thomas Czechoslovakia in Period Communist the During Terezín of Memory The Netherlands Amsterdam, of University Boers, Merel Shoah Controversies in Disagreement Deep Truths. Irreconcilable memory of construction the in The Shoah Paris-IX of University Siboni, Julia Work Beckett’s Shoah Samuel in the of Impact the or Silence, Constructive Germany Berlin, Center, Bloch Marc Judith Lindenberg, Auschwitz About Texts Caproni: Poetic Two Giorgio and Celan Paul Shoah the about Writings

Free University of Brussels Brussels Free of University Weisers, Marie-Anne Persecution Relation Jewish in to Belgium Postwar in System Justice The Matuschek Milosz Decision European-Level aPossible of Light in Kingdom United the in and Poland in France, Germany, in in Negationism Shoah of Prosecution Law?Criminal Criminal Through Memory of Community a Toward Paris-I of University Linsler, Johanna 1970s to the France, fromin 1953 Application Their and “Reparation” German of Laws The Paris EHESS, Dumas, Hélène Rwanda in Courts Gacaca the Reconciliation: National and Trials Legal Restitution and Justice Alan Rosen Rosen Alan ony m Testi Shoah of History the and Boder David Trauma: of Evidence Paris-III of University Gilly, Diane Pasts to Their France and Germany of Relationship the of Symbols Revealing Present: the to 1945 from Natzweiler and Dachau of Camps Concentration the in Monuments Commemorative The

Editions La Découverte LaDécouverte Editions Salomoni, Antonella Shoah the and Union Soviet The French: into Translation campus GmbH Kroh, Verlag Jens History) of Politics the Concerning Initiatives Heart of the at Holocaust The Initiativen Memory. (Transnational geschichtspolitischer Fokus im Holocaust Der Erinnerung. Transnationale Fayard Editions Blatman, Daniel Marches Death The French: into Translation Paris-IV of University Aslangul, Claire Issues Educational and Memorial Major of Challenge The Radziwill: Franz and Weber Paul A. International Berg Editions Afoumado, Diane Occupation the During Posters Anti-Semitic Publications

41 Projects supported

Education Jean-Pierre Obin, Myriam Revault d’Allonnes, Iannis Roder Iannis d’Allonnes, Revault Myriam Obin, Jean-Pierre Éric Marty, Philippe Mesnard, Thomas Morin, Morin, Thomas Mesnard, Marty, Philippe Éric Adrien Barrot, Gilles Braun, Raphaël Esrail, Esrail, Raphaël Braun, Gilles Barrot, Adrien Shoah Philippe Joutard, Jean-Pierre Lauby, Jean-Pierre Joutard, Philippe Commission Members of the commission the of Members 2008 commitments 2008 Élisabeth de Fontenay de Élisabeth Dominique Trimbur 1,178,325euros Administrator Administrator President

43 Projects supported Focus on Facing the Real Questions

In 2008, we were able to lay the foundations for the new Shoah Education commission, with a new membership and, especially, a new purpose: to become a platform for reflection and proposals, a true challenge in a context often colored by current events and intense media coverage. The commission continued to support school trips and seminars, which have become increasingly popular among students as well as other groups (with, for example, a Jewish-Muslim group this year). It has also supported several innovative projects, such as the creation of a children’s book about Anne Frank’s life. It is working on the production of fundamental texts, some of which have been put on the Foundation’s website. These texts are designed for teachers, who are sometimes faced with disconcerting and even dangerous questions concerning the Shoah; we feel it is crucial to provide answers. The commission has also encouraged the development of an educational module by one of its members based on the use of theater: at a time when many people have promoted art as the key tool for teaching the Shoah, it seemed useful to pursue an idea we have had for some time and which may be made public by late 2009. Finally, in close cooperation with the National Council of the Resistance and Deportation (CNRD), the commission has decided to distance itself from the controversy surrounding the results of the working group concerning Shoah education in primary schools.

Élisabeth de Fontenay, president of the Shoah Education commission Jerusalem, Israel Israel Jerusalem, Institute, Van Leer Shoah toBerlin travel and the concerning group study Jewish-Muslim Centre Cultural Jewish London Conference, Holocaust the Teaching Mesnard Philippe FMS, aid teaching aShoah/theater of Creation seminar Students Jewish of Union European Future and Past Our Sharing Action: Collective Memories, Shared Magny-en-Vexin Frank, Anne École Amsterdam in house Frank’s toAnne trip School Artemare Valromey, of Collège Izieu on Research Rights for Human Lyon Chair seminar, Research against humanitycrimes and Auschwitz of camp extermination and Concentration The Projects Educational

productions productions Audiovisual CIDEM France Righteous The CIDEM 20thCentury the in Humanity Against Crimes and Genocides Shoah, The publications Educational and deportation and Shoah the on Study group deportees Auschwitz from accounts of film Educational DVD Occupation the During Persecuted toJews Aid Deportees Bergen-Belsen of Association account, acollective of Creation Camp Concentration Bergen-Belsen the to from 1944 France in Deported Children

Auschwitz Association Association Auschwitz and deportation Shoah the on group Study deportees fromaccounts Auschwitz of film Educational Adolescents Camps the in and Children Jewish sous le le sous résistance de Actes NESS du Compagnie Orléans CERCIL, enfants les Adieu Plays Saint-Ouen-l’AumÖne OPEJ, d’enfants Maison Together toLive How Germany Hamburg, AK-Bremen, exhibition, French-German Traveling Damm Bullenhuser of Children Martyred The toDie. Didn’tWant They Exhibitions Association History and Memory exhibitions, and activities Educational (Vaucluse) Region Aigues the in Deportation and the Resistance 1939-45 War, the of History and Memory events Cultural Théâtre de Villepreux Villepreux de Théâtre iii e Reich

45 Projects supported Train of memory Lycée Notre Dame de Sion, Évry School School trip to Paris “In the footsteps of Hélène Berr” Lycée Pierre Bourdieu, Fronton Trips Remembrance trip to Poland: Auschwitz and Birkenau Collège Gabriel Péri, Gardanne From Buchenwald to TerezÍn, comparing to distinguish: genocide and political repression Lycée Louis Aragon, Auschwitz, a moral duty to Examining the crime against Givors remember for Europeans humanity: Berlin and the Third Reich School trip to Auschwitz Collège Edmée Jarlaud, Lycée Auguste Renoir, Collège Jacques Brel, Acheux-en-Amienois Cagnes-sur-Mer Guérande Auschwitz, know the past to Citizenship and the duty to Childhood experience–memory and construct the future remember history Lycée Lamarck, Albert Lycée professionnel hôtelier, Collège des Quatre Terres, The Shoah and Jewish life in Poland Challes-les-Eaux Hérimoncourt Lycée général Saint Martin, lycée School trip to Prague and to the A moral duty to remember général et technologique Terezín camp Collège Gustave Téry, Urbain Mongazon, Angers Collège des Tilleuls, Lamballe Claye-Souilly School trip to Terezín Shoah memorial sites and elements and Auschwitz Being a European citizen, of Jewish culture in Poland Collège les Barattes, constructing an identity: Amsterdam Collège Jean Zay, Annecy-le-Vieux and Brussels Le Houlme Établissement régional d’enseignement Prague and the children adapté Beauregard, History and ethics of Terezín: exploring European Lycée Paul Doumer, Jewish culture, exclusion Dinan Le Perreux-sur-Marne and the Shoah Trip to the Netherlands Lycée du Bugey, Belley and to Belgium Auschwitz-Birkenau: Lycée la Fontaine-des-Eaux, a trip for understanding and never Memory of the Second World War forgetting through the history of the Maison Dinan Collège Romain Rolland, d’Izieu and Villa Emma Europe, from war to peace Le Plessis-Robinson Collège du Bugey, Belley Lycée Anna de Noailles, Trip to Auschwitz-Birkenau From the republican school Évian-les-Bains Cultural, educational to the Vichy internment camps, Remembering and building and athletic association the overlapping fates of Edith citizenship Livry-Gargan and Pavillons-sous-Bois and Francine Association Déportations, Lycée Jean Moulin, Persécutions et Mémoire, School trip to Berlin and Auschwitz Béziers Essonne French lycée in Madrid Montreuil-Juigné Montreuil-Juigné Zay, Jean Collège world for alost trip memorial a Drancy—Auschwitz, Montigny-lès-Metz center training Apprentice countries German-speaking from in present tothe 1930s the condition Jewish The Montélimar Borne, Lycée Alain Shoah the and student high-school A Mont-de-Marsan Duruy, Lycée Victor example. afamous on based persecution Nazi of organization the of Astudy Solution: Final the Frank and Anne Mignaloux-Beauvoir Frank, Anne adapté d’enseignement regional Établissement camp. Jews Poitiers the at of internment the of history the on Project focusing Poland to trip Study Mâcon Pasteur, Collège memory and awareness toAuschwitz, deported those of footsteps the In Neufchâtel-en-Bray Brassens, Georges polyvalent Lycée memory its and Shoah —the toAuschwitz trip School Mayenne Vinci, de Léonard lycée Professional memory Trip of Lyon Minimes, des Dame Notre Institution Auschwitz and toKrakow Study trip

Paris Paris Leven, Georges Établissement Poland to trip School Paris Yabné, École toPoland trip Intergenerational Paris Rouault, Georges Collège toAuschwitz trip School Armées des israélite Aumônerie Trip toAuschwitz 6, Paris convoi du Mémoires Association toAuschwitz trip Intergenerational Paris Barbès, Club le Association From toKrakow Barbès Oyonnax Lycée Painlevé, world? the of destruction The Shoah: The Noisy-le-Grand Cabrini, Françoise scolaire Ensemble Krakow and toAuschwitz Visit Niort Macé, Lycée Jean of and Judaism Polish Shoah the of memory and history toPoland, Study trip Niort Lycée André, Saint sites extermination and Deportation Nérac Fallières, lycée Armand Agricultural the community of Jewish martyr the Auschwitz: Morvillars of Collège from Belfort deportees youth of path the Following toAuschwitz. trip A memorial Morestel Corot, Lycée Camille extermination of policy Nazi The

Ploemeur Ploemeur Paix, la de Dame Notre lycée Professional From toresponsibility memory citizens: Young European Ploemeur d’enseignement adapté, regional Établissement Shoah the of memory the transmitting and world the of citizen a Being ambassador: Peace Perpignan Lycée Blum, Léon Berlin and Auschwitz-Birkenau to trip School Périgueux Licra, trip School Paron Malraux, André Collège rights to human laws from anti-Semitic Strasbourg, to Nuremberg From Paris Lycée Hatorah, Ozar Zakhor Paris Hirsch, de Lycée Lucien forget tonever as —so Commit Transmit, Learn, apeople: of Memory Paris Fontaine, la de Lycée Jean toPoland trip School Paris 2000, Mémoire Lycée Condorcet, toIzieu trip School Paris institutions, Sinai toPoland trip School

47 Projects supported Trip: Berlin, Transmitting the Shoah through a Before You Know It school trip to Auschwitz-Birkenau Lycée Pravaz, Collège La Fontaine du Roy, Pont-de-Beauvoisin Ville-d’Avray Study of conflicts and construction A duty to remember of a European identity: Krakow, Établissement Saint Louis-Blanche Auschwitz-Birkenau de Castille, Villemomble Établissement régional d’enseignement School trip to Auschwitz-Birkenau adapté, Redon and Krakow: School trip to Auschwitz-Birkenau. A memory for today Transmission of the memory Lycée Grégor Mendel, Vincennes of the Shoah, understanding the genocidal process, recounting one’s own experience Collège le Landry, Rennes Remembrance trip to Germany Institut rural du Pas-de-Calais, Rollancourt Visit to Auschwitz Association CM98, Saint-Denis Transmitters of memory ... Because remaining silent is impossible Collège Jules Romains, Teachers’ collective, Saint-Galmier School trip to Auschwitz Action citoyenne jeunesse et mémoire, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés Confronting ignominy: The Righteous among the Nations Lycée Ozar Hatorah, Sarcelles Convoi no. 67 from Drancy to Auschwitz Lycée Saint Rémy, Soissons A trip so as not to forget Aumônerie du lycée Christophe Colomb, Sucy-en-Brie History—Memory—Transmission… in search of Nina in southern Poland Lycée Ozar Hatorah, Toulouse Birkenau, of camps death the in place took system camp concentration Nazi the in novel partisans in Germans. the stunned that battle fierce a waged 1943, April in ghetto Warsaw decimated the in times to retaliate. We are not thinking only of the handful of survivors who, some- even children—and them—the among vulnerable most the of tions opera- rescue example, for organizing, by them, of all the targeting manhunt outwit to time to time from managed nonetheless they whatsoever, means no absolutely with and conditions unprecedented these in that but resistance, of war a and struggle armed through annihilation of campaign that the criticize them for not responding politically. What is surprising, then, is not to absurd patently be would it that excessive so was It nature. in political ordeal. an such face to tively, collec- them, prepared have could Nothing organization. political no or as well as deeply attached and fully integrated into French society, had little In our country, French country, our In commission Education Shoah by the from produced atext Excerpt other? the dismissing without one to honor How deportation: and Resistance hs uaiy n h sals, oee drsr gsue, hog the through gestures, derisory affirmation of thedesiretopreserveand honorlife. however smallest, the in humanity this humanity of those who were killed. inextinguishable We must learn the to discern reaffirming and recognize about vigilant remain must we Instead, victims. their on inflict to wanted Nazis the degradation the confirm than the than to raise these acts to a level whereby it would be possible to state that aspect. tragic the on focus and tance, the of actions epic the to undertakings desperate thoroughly these conducted by the ews “saved their honor,” because ultimately this does nothing other nothing does this ultimately because honor,” their “saved Jews And we know that the only revolts that occurred that revolts only the that know we And When? Now, Not If Jews—defenseless and with no advocates—were unable to resist the obibor and Sobibor Russia and the Sonderkommandos. We must not allow ourselves to link here were also highly organized groups of groups organized highly also were There ews, who were less vulnerable than foreign than vulnerable less were who Jews, reblinka, where they were carefully planned and planned carefully were they where Treblinka, Ukraine, to whom Primo Levi paid tribute in his e aatoh ta bfl te ws not was them befell that catastrophe The

ltimately, nothing is more indecent more is nothing Ultimately, Jewish Resis- Jews, 49 Projects supported

Culture Jewish Benjamin Gross, Michel Gurfinkiel, Gurfinkiel, Michel Gross, Benjamin Commission Miriam Barkaï, Émeric Deutsch, Deutsch, Émeric Barkaï, Miriam Members of the commission the of Members Raphaël Draï, Rachel Ertel, Ertel, Rachel Draï, Raphaël Sophie Kessler-Mesguich, Kessler-Mesguich, Sophie Isabelle de Castelbajac de Isabelle 2008 commitments commitments 2008 Raphaël Hadas-Lebel Raphaël

3,135,050euros Meïr Waintrater Meïr Laurence Sigal, Sigal, Laurence Administrator Administrator

President

51 Projects supported Transmitting all Aspects of Jewish Culture

The Jewish Culture commission pursued its mission to develop the transmission of all aspects of Jewish culture—one of the pivotal missions of the Foundation.

To achieve this, the amount earmarked for education grew considerably over recent years, reaching more than one-half of our budget in 2008. Large sums were spent on renovating school buildings; the commission examines all relevant projects, which are then presented to the Gordin Foundation (housed by the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah), in partnership with the FSJU’s educational department.

The commission continued its support for teacher training on Jewish issues, with particular emphasis on such disciplines as Hebrew language and Jewish history. For schools receiving funding, it places great emphasis on respecting the charter enshrining a number of guiding principles within the ﬁeld of education and management. Several commission members are recognized experts in Jewish education, which will facilitate reinforcing activities to faithfully transmit the teachings of Judaism and promote the opening up of Jewish schools to the world. Yiddish culture has held a major position in the commission’s activities, notably through its support of the Maison de Culture Yiddish – Bibliothèque Medem, as well as other initiatives such as Rachel Ertel’s anthology of Yiddish literature and the exhibition on the avant-garde and Yiddish literature at the Museum of Art and History of Judaism in Paris. In a context marked by shrinking resources available to the commission, it will inevitably have to be even more demanding in terms of the quality of projects presented.

Raphaël Hadas-Lebel, president of the Jewish Culture commission March of the Living Living the of March Voyage Israel, in People Jewish the of Renaissance to the Destruction the From FSJU sector, Educational partnership FSJU and FMS of framework into incorporated Agreement FMS Education, National for of Ministry the of Israel inspectors in training Ongoing World Jewish the Understanding Beth Épinay-sur-Seine School, Israël J’apprends, Association children schools into disabled class integrating for preparatory a Creating France Juifs de d’Établissements Directeurs des Association Seminar, History Jewish Teaching France Juifs de d’Établissements Directeurs des Association e c de Fran Juifs d’Établissements Directeurs des the Association for Day Study annual 4th Consistoire) (Paris ACIP tools, and programs Educational Trai Transmission ning of Talmud-Torah of Masters ning (ADEJF)

Aix-les-Bains of lycée areas Talmudic recreational and boarding school the of Renovation Foundation Gordin schools— Jewish projects for Renovation Association for a Modern Jewish Jewish Paris Education, Modern a for Association school Jewish modern the Developing UEJF 2008-2009 executives Training Institute Néher Rina and André and training, Ongoing Hé South. Paris Hé program of 2 Year Institute Néher Rina and André 3 schools Alef Jewish of directors future for program Training Institute Néher Rina and André instruction HéJewish of for professors program training Ongoing

Construction of a new building Yerres building School, Rivkah Beth new a of Construction building Haïm, Saint-Maur Etz the of floor renovation and additional an out Laying Savigny-sur-Orge Cohen-Tenoudji School, laboratory scientific of design norms; with complies installation electrical Ensuring Strasbourg School, Hanna Beth norms with comply to installation electrical establishment’s the Rewiring Montmagny School, Israël Beth group school a of Construction Paris TenoudjiGaston School, assistance Emergency Marseille School, Ami Gan lycée anew of Construction Créteil school, primary Hatorah Ozar the of Extension Cannes of School Jewish building new a equipping and Acquiring Maison de la Culture Yiddish – Medem Yiddish Bibliothèque Culture la de Maison Yiddish Culture la de for Maison the site new of Purchase France of Seminary Israelite seminary building the of section a on work Rehabilitation MJLF Talmud-Torah the for building the of Extension ts c e roj p estate real Other

53 Projects supported Brochure on Nissim de Camondo New edition of Research Les Amis de l’Aumônerie Israélite Yiddish-French Dictionary Research trip: des Armées Maison de la Culture Yiddish Provençal glosses in the Sefer Sefer Yetsirah, The consolation –Bibliothèque Medem HaShorashim, by David Kimhi of a spiritual expatriate Revamping of Internet site Judith Kogel Translation and publication, www.yiddishweb.com Creation of an award for the best Georges Vajda, Paul Fenton Maison de la Culture Yiddish thesis on Jewish studies Éditions de l’éclat –Bibliothèque Medem Society of Jewish Studies New edition of Pirke Avot Research trip: (Maximes des Pères) Audiovisual A study of the life and work of the Commentary by Marcus Lehmann, painter Léon Weissberg Editions Merkos l’Inyonei productions Boris Czerny, lecturer at the University Chinuch-Kehot Back to Life of Caen Panim, the face and exile in Judaism Fiction Publication of the acts of a colloquium, Haïm Bouzaglo, Publications Éditions EDK Nelka Films Ketubah Records at the Paris Jewish kingdoms, Stalin’s Last Plot Consistoire Treasures of Yiddish Literature Documentary AJECLAP Rachel Ertel, Paul Jenkins, Roche Productions An Incomplete World: Towards Editions Robert Laffont, Responsible Freedom Bouquins series Benjamin Gross, Tefillah kit Albin Michel, Educational tools, EEIF Editions Menorah First-time translation The Source of Life of Incomplete Memoires Transcription and publication Yitzkhok Laybush Peretz of the program, Nathan Weinstock, Albin Michel Institut d’Études du Judaïsme

Manuals for Talmud-Torah

The Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah supports the Paris Consistoire’s initiative to rethink the educational approach of the Talmud-Torah (Sunday religious instruction). Most of the educational materials date from the 1960s and it was urgent to design new, more appealing manuals that permitted greater structure for educational content. Five manuals are currently being prepared under the supervision of an educational committee: Jewish Life and Dinim, Biblical Characters, Biblical Texts, The Teﬁllah, and Jewish History. The ﬁrst manual is scheduled for publication in fall 2009. Teacher training programs are also foreseen. Association Yetsira, théâtr’On Le Association Dekramer, Serge Festival, Avignon the at Staged Controversy Barcelona The Theater Paris of Judaism, History and Art of Museum Exhibition from 1914to1939 Book Yiddish the and Avant-Garde The Anterior: Future Paris of Judaism, History and Art of Museum Seminar, Reparation Truth and Artwork: Pillaged KKL festivals, Jewish about workshops Art Tsevet 60years Yahad: Israel’s Lazare Bernard Cercle Music Around Klezmer Revolving Events Day: Culture Jewish European of (AEJC) Culture as Judaism Teaching the for Association Dialogue en Diasporas et Juifs Mondes des Livres annual 2nd Events Cultural

International Rosenzweig Society Society Rosenzweig International Others the We and Jewry Tunisian of History the for Society Present to the Times Colonial from Jews African North seminars and Conferences France in Embassy Fair, Israeli Book Paris 2008 the by distributed Brochure Israel Discovering France in Embassy Israeli Fair 2008 Book the Paris at authors Israeli of for participation the Support FSJU Culture Jewish of Festival 4th Casim Culture Jewish of Festival tree, olive the Around Festivals Star theater Star Ball Kafka’s

Montpellier-III Valéry Paul University Iancu, Carol History Throughout Diaspora the and Israel Between Relationship The

55 Projects supported Financial Commission

President Roch-Olivier Maistre

Members of the commission Roger Cukierman, Marc El Nouchi, Dominique Laurent, André Lévy-Lang, Pierre Lubek Claude Pierre-Brossolette Roch-Olivier Maistre,president ofthefinancialcommission capacity in2009. out toensurethepreservation andreinforcementoftheFoundation’sfinancial markets bringsgreatuncertainty, theFinancialCommisionwillkeepaneye Within a deteriorated economic context in which the instability of financial to increasereturnonportfolios. oftheFoundation’s financialmanagementstrategyinamove —reorientation for 2008,aswellstrictlimitationsonnewcommitments fortheFoundation; commission recommended adopting a global budget inferior ofanevenmore rigorousbudgetarypolicyfor2009.The —implementation to the budget two seriesofmeasurestotheManagementCommittee. in Foundationincome,theFinancialCommissionwasforcedtorecommend Following thedecreaseinendowment’svalueandmarkedreduction risky investmentwereimplementedinlate2007. the decrease was less than 10 percent after measures toendowment reduce thealso portfolio’s decreased in 2008, for the first time sinceits valueits creation, with respect yet to its value in early 2008. during theyear.ThemarketindexforEuropeanstockslostover40percentof constraints. Thedepreciationofthemarketswasongoingandpronounced The FinancialCommission’smissionwascarriedoutin2008underveryheavy its budgetaryequilibrium. It oversees investment of all funds from the Foundation’s investment strategyandcontrolallmajorfinancialdecisions. assets and ensures a pivotalroleindecision-makingattheFoundation.Itsmissionistodefine As stipulatedintheFoundation’sstatutes,FinancialCommissionplays Capacity Financial FMS’s the Reinforcing and Preserving

T he value of the Foundation’s

57 Projects supported The Shoah Memorial

Thanks to the FMS’s permanent ﬁnancial The Memorial’s presence on the international support, the Shoah Memorial was able to level led to a greater number of specialized pursue in 2008 important projects with the training seminars being organized in 2008, aim of preserving the memory of the Shoah both at our Paris site and in other countries. and transmitting and teaching its history. It also led to greater cooperation with Particular emphasis was placed on programs international organizations such as the UN, for schools and school groups, as well as on the Council of Europe, the Task Force and teacher training, and the development of UNESCO; and the signing of joint conventions projects in regions of France outside Paris and in the ﬁeld of transmission and research on internationally. the Shoah—including work in Romania, the In 2008, the number of visitors and proposed nomination of a correspondent in Italy, and activities increased in both the cultural and forays into new countries like Madagascar and educational domains. Rwanda.

Six new temporary exhibitions were organized, The many donations, acquisitions and while several events held in the auditorium met conventions allowed the tireless effort of with growing success. enriching the collections of the Centre de documentaiotn juive contemporaine to The number of workshops for school groups continue. It is currently the leading archives nearly doubled, bringing an increasing center in Europe on the subject. number of students and generating greater interest among teachers within the Memorial’s educational framework; there was a slight increase in the number of primary schools.

This year the Memorial’s presence outside Paris was strengthened, as were international developments. The creation of a regional branch based in Toulouse and the development of partnerships gave new resonance to programs and exhibitions launched by the Memorial by offering different cultural, associative and school-based sites outside Paris, resulting in unprecedented demand. Some exhibitions were presented for the ﬁrst time abroad, including The Mass Shootings of Jews in Ukraine: Shoah by Bullets at the Museum of Jewish Heritage in New York. excerpts by by excerpts diary of reading the by followed Modiano, Patrick by Berr Hélène of of TheDiary C included thedialoguebetween Jérome together 10,000participants.Highlights • 97eventswereorganized,bringing Lignon andCaen. Pau, Poitiers,Marseilles,LeChambon-sur- at 48differentsites,notablyBordeaux, shown were exhibitions traveling The • were travelingexhibitions. Nuit decristal.T photographies deMattMendelsohnandLa les travers à disparus des pas les Dans Beth, Pithiviers etde-Beaune-la-Rolande,Alya de camps des Objets Souvenirs, Derniers on viewattheMemorial: organized, fourofwhichwere • Sixnewtemporaryexhibitionswere projects. research 400 of resulting inthecompletion researchers, 2,000 over including room, reading the to visitors 6,000 Nearly • from France. organized were Auschwitz to trips 27 • as therectoratandIUFM. organizations such with partnership in Paris outside or Paris in place participating intrainingsessionsthattook teachers 1,860 including participants, 5,280 welcomed programs training 101 • outside Parisandabroad). from percent 46 Ile-de-France, from and 40percentfromlycées,54 36 percentfrommiddleschools(collèges) (6 percentfromprimaryschools, people service—36,200 educational the by welcomed were groups 1,217 • • 180,000visitorsin2008. figures in 2008 lément and and lément E

E lsa Zylberstein; the lecture lecture the Zylberstein; lsa lie Wiesel: the presentation presentation the Wiesel: lie he other two exhibitions exhibitions two other he

commemoration oftheroundupinTunis.. the and orator, as serving Bernheim Gilles on endowments (theGeneralCommissariat services, includingseveralmajor archive the by acquired donations—were —a thousandofwhichwereindividual • 6.5millionitemsforthearchives activities. other and witnesses, with encounters discussions, philosophical new Human of anniversary oftheUniversalDeclaration S Stora, YvesTernon,DenisPeschanskiand Werth, Nicolas Annette Becker,RachelErtel,JanGross, Poznanski, ZeevSternhell,HenryRousso, by conferences the of theexhibitionAlyaBeth; the about ﬁlm the including ﬁlms, various of projection the discussions withBoualemSansal; by Matt and and Matt by National National Hashoah withtheFFDJFandM JLF, the WarsawGhettowithCR IF, Yom of uprising the of anniversary 65th the • Fivecommemorativeceremonies: and www.grenierdesarah.org. www.memorialdelashoah.org websites the visited 300,000 • acquisitions. several following collecctions library enriched works additional percent 10 • and 8,500cataloguephotos. images digitalized 10,500 links, online 250 abroad, missions various during collected photos 3,836 235 originalposters,375postcards, by thepicturedepartment,including acquired were photographs new 15,835 • France). of départements various from pages ofdocumentsfromthearchives 230,000 and Vaud of canton the from C erge Klarsfeld; conferences about the the about conferences Klarsfeld; erge ommittee, Yivo Argentina, the archives archives the Argentina, Yivo ommittee, J ewish Affairs, the the Affairs, ewish D R eportation eportation ights and about about and ights D aniel Mendelsohn; Mendelsohn; aniel C S imon imon laude Laharie, Benjamin Benjamin Laharie, laude E xodus, as part part as xodus, D J E ewish Labor Labor ewish ay, Hazkarah with with Hazkarah ay, pstein, pstein,

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59 Projects supported Director of publication Rachel Rimmer Assistée de Pierre Marquis Graphic designer les designers anonymes Copy editor ECL Translators Elisabeth Ayre, Lisa Davidson Photo credits Cover Text for the Aladdin Project Call to Conscience. p.7 Information panel about the Vel d’Hiv roundup inaugurated at the Bir-Hakeim station in 2008, RATP. © FMS, David Amar. p.9 Signing the Call to Conscience (Mrs Simone Veil, Mr Jacques Chirac, Mr Abdoulaye Wade). © Alain Azria. p.11 Minute of silence for the memory of the Shoah victims. © Alain Azria. p.12 Letter written by Avraam Eskénazi from Drancy, June 13, 1942. Fanny Sauleman private archives. p.19 Isaac Lévy, Afghanistan. © Pierre Abensur. p.23 David Sauleman, Foire du trône, 1934. David Sauleman private archives. p.26, 30, 38, 44 Auschwitz-Birkenau Camp. © FMS Pierre Marquis. p.27 Event organized by the Casip-Cojasor on March 31, 2009. © Nathan Bakalasz p.28 Jean Holstein, Isabelle Sanson, Denise Holstein 1931. Denise Holstein private collection. p.31 Nursery school in Limoges. © OSE. p.33 Aristides de Sousa Mendes and Rabbi Krüger. © Yad Vashem. p.36 Archives AJ38 from the General Commissariat for Jewish Affairs. © Archives nationales. p.39 Berlin, November 10, 1938, smashed windows the day after Kristallnacht. BPK Berlin/ RMN © Karl Paulmann. p.40 Annexation of the Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia, 1939. © CDJC Shoah Memorial. p.42 Denise Holstein at Auschwitz, 2000, Denise Holstein private collection. p.45 Denise Holstein facing students from collège (middle school) Barbey d’Aurevilly de Rouen, 1996, Denise Holstein private collection. p.46 Auschwitz-Birkenau. © FMS, Pierre Marquis. p.50 El Lissitzky, Had Gadya [Father Bought a Kid for Two Zuzim] Kultur-Lige, Kiev, 1919. © Paris, MAHJ. p.53 Talmud-Torah final exam in 2009, ACIP. © Meir Moaty p.55 Solomon Youdovine, copies of decorative motifs on tombstones, 1912-1914 Starokonstantynov, 1897. © Ethnographic Musem of Saint Petersburg, presented in the MAHJ exhibition. p. 58 Shoah Memorial, exhibition Kristallnacht.© Sandra Saragoussi. Nous, responsables politiques, hommes de foi, historiens et intellectuels, venus de tous les horizons, affi rmons que la défense des valeurs de justice et de fraternité, pour diffi cile qu’en soit le chemin, doit prévaloir sur l’intolé- rance, le racisme et les confl its. Nous disons clairement que les Israéliens et les Palestiniens ont droit à leur État, leur souveraineté et leur sécurité et qu’il convient d’appuyer tout processus de paix ayant de telles visées. Face à l’ignorance et aux préjugés, face à la concurrence des mémoires que nous refusons, nous croyons à la force de la connaissance et à la primauté de l’Histoire. Nous affi rmons, au-delà de toute considération politique, notre volonté de défendre la vérité historique car aucune paix ne se construit sur le mensonge. La Shoah est un fait historique : le génocide au cours RAPPORT D’ACTIVITÉ 2008 duquel six millions de Juifs d’Europe ont été exterminés. Nier ce crime contre l’humanité est non seulement une offense à la mémoire des victimes, mais aussi une insulte à l’idée même de civilisation. Aussi, nous pensons que l’enseignement de cette tragédie concerne tous ceux qui ont à cœur d’empêcher de nouveaux génocides. La même exigence de vérité nous invite à rappeler les actions des « Justes » en Europe et dans le monde arabo-musulman. Ensemble, loin des tentations du repli sur soi, nous proclamons notre volonté commune de favoriser un dialogue sincère, ouvert et fraternel. C’est dans cet esprit que nous nous sommes réunis autour du projet Aladin. 10, avenue Percier Nous appelons toutes les femmes et tous les 75008 Paris tél. : 01 53 42 63 10 hommes de conscience dans le monde à œuvrer Fax : 01 53 42 63 11 avec nous dans le sens de la connaissance www.fondationshoah.org partagée, du respect mutuel et de la paix.