SNCC Master Plan Transportation Element

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

SNCC Master Plan Transportation Element Table of Contents Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Outreach and Planning Process ............................................................................................................................ 3 Transportation: Existing Conditions and Programs .............................................................................................. 5 Non‐Motorized Facilities and Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) Analysis ...................................................................... 8 Safety .................................................................................................................................................................. 12 Scenario Analysis ............................................................................................................................................... 148 Transportation Recommendations ..................................................................................................................... 23 Transit Recommendations .................................................................................................................................... 26 Non‐Motorized Recommendations ....................................................................................................................... 27 Aviation Recommendations ................................................................................................................................ 29 Implementation and Next steps ......................................................................................................................... 30 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: SNCC Road Functional Classification....................................................................................................... 5 Figure 2: Average Daily Traffic Volumes................................ ............................................................................... 6 Figure 3: Transit Route Ridership.......................................................................................................................... 7 Figure 4: Existing Transit Routes........................................................................................................................... 7 Figure 5: Non‐Motorized Inventory...................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 6: Level of Traffic Stress for Bicycling. ....................................................................................................... 9 Figure 7: Mode Share to Work: 2000................................................................................................................... 10 Figure 8: Mode Share to Work: 2016................................................................................................................... 10 Figure 9: Journey to Work, Year 2015.................................................................................................................. 11 Figure 10: Total Crashes by Road Segment.......................................................................................................... 12 Figure 11: Peak Period Level of Service: 2015...................................................................................................... 13 Figure 12: 2050 AADT for Land Use Scenarios..................................................................................................... 15 Figure 13: Forecast Levels of Service for Scenarios.............................................................................................. 16 Figure 14: 2015 Households................................................................................................................................. 18 Figure 15: Change in Households: 2015‐2050...................................................................................................... 18 Figure 16: 2015 Employment............................................................................................................................... 19 Figure 17: Change in Employment 2015 ‐2050.................................................................................................... 19 Figure 18: Phase 2 Study Intersections................................................................................................................ 21 Figure 19: Planned Improvements ‐ SNCC........................................................................................................... 23 Figure 20: Signal Re‐Timings in Middletown Area............................................................................................... 25 Figure 21: DART Route Service Changes.............................................................................................................. 26 Figure 23: Bike Plan Recommendations............................................................................................................... 28 Figure 22: Future Route Concepts........................................................................................................................ 27 Figure 23: Bike Plan Recommendations............................................................................................................... 28 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Level of Traffic Stress Definitions............................................................................................................. 9 Table 2: Changes in Mode Share to Work: 2000 vs.............................................................................................. 10 Table 3: Journey to Work Trends......................................................................................................................... 11 Table 4: Annual Crash Trends by Type................................................................................................................. 12 Table 5: Land Use Components of Scenario Analysis........................................................................................... 15 Table 6: Level of Service Volume to Capacity Ratio............................................................................................. 16 Table 7: Improvements Assumed at Study Intersections..................................................................................... 17 Draft SNCC Master Plan Transportation Element Introduction The Southern New Castle County Master Plan establishes a long‐term vision for land use and infrastructure in southern New Castle County (NCC) based on sound planning principles and public input. The plan informs development, preservation, infrastructure, and policy decisions in the study area (described in the next paragraph). The findings and recommendations from this plan will be incorporated into the New Castle County Comprehensive Development Plan (2012 Update) and subsequently carried forward into the 2022 New Castle County Comprehensive Development Plan. The results of this plan will also be used to inform the Wilmington Area Planning Council (WILMAPCO) Regional Transportation Plan and the Delaware Department of Transportation (DelDOT) Capital Transportation Program. The southern New Castle County planning area is composed of the area south of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, amounting to roughly 40 percent of the total land area in the county and 11 percent of the population. The study area includes the incorporated towns of Middletown, Odessa, and Townsend (MOT) which are located fully within New Castle County. Small portions of Smyrna and Clayton are also located within the county. Outreach and Planning Process The Southern New Castle County Master Plan was informed by an extensive public engagement process that included four in‐person public workshops, two virtual workshops, social media promotion, a highly interactive online survey, and an Advisory Committee comprised of public and private stakeholders that included civic and other community associations, state and local agencies, elected officials and business owners who all guided the entire process. A list of Advisory Committee member organizations and a summary of the public outreach process is included below: ADVISORY COMMITTEE REPRESENTATIVES DE State Senator Stephanie Hansen Blackbird State Forest Southern NCC Residents DE State Senator Nicole Poore Town of Middletown MOT Chamber of Commerce DE State Senator Bruce Ennis Town of Odessa Christiana Care DE State Representative Quinton Johnson Town of Smyrna Clifton L. Bakhsh, Jr. Inc. DE State Representative Kevin Hensley Town of Townsend Committee of 100 DE State Representative Jeff Spiegelman Appoquinimink School District Hoober Tractor New Castle County Councilman David Carter Colonial School District Southern States New Castle County Councilman James Bell St. Andrews School Summit Aviation DNREC Climate and Sustainability Programs Smyrna School District Willey Farms Delaware Office of State Planning MOT Charter School Delaware Nature Society Coordination Odessa Fire Company Ducks Unlimited Delaware Department of Transportation Townsend Fire Company ShoreRivers New Castle County Department of Stone's Throw Church Delaware Wild Lands Community Service Crossroads Presbyterian Church Middletown Historical Society New Castle County Department of Land Use Connection Community Church Historic Odessa Foundation New Castle County Department of Public St. Joseph Parish Blenheim Homes Works Ringgold
Recommended publications
  • A/HRC/13/39/Add.1 General Assembly
    United Nations A/HRC/13/39/Add.1 General Assembly Distr.: General 25 February 2010 English/French/Spanish only Human Rights Council Thirteenth session Agenda item 3 Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development Report of the Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, Manfred Nowak Addendum Summary of information, including individual cases, transmitted to Governments and replies received* * The present document is being circulated in the languages of submission only as it greatly exceeds the page limitations currently imposed by the relevant General Assembly resolutions. GE.10-11514 A/HRC/13/39/Add.1 Contents Paragraphs Page List of abbreviations......................................................................................................................... 5 I. Introduction............................................................................................................. 1–5 6 II. Summary of allegations transmitted and replies received....................................... 1–305 7 Algeria ............................................................................................................ 1 7 Angola ............................................................................................................ 2 7 Argentina ........................................................................................................ 3 8 Australia.........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 5910 Pdf.Pdf
    Roderick Salenga et al. /JAASP 1(2012) 16-24 RESEARCH PAPER Prevalence, perceptions and predictors of complementary and alternative medicine use in selected communities in the Philippines Vina R.A. Dahilig1 and Roderick L. Salenga1,* 1College of Pharmacy, University of the Philippines, Philippines. Keywords Abstract complementary medicine alternative The study examines the use of complementary and medicine alternative medicine among residents of selected rural community rural and urban communities in the Philippines urban community using the CAM Healthcare Model. Interviews were conducted on 146 respondents in Batangas, Correspondence Caloocan and Paraňaque using a structured Roderick Layug Salenga questionnaire that applies the RAND Short Form R.Ph., M.P.H. (SF) 36 and the Brief Illness Perception College of Pharmacy Questionnaire as measures of self-perceived health University of the status. A higher prevalence was observed among Philippines Philippines the rural respondents (68.4%) as compared with E-mail: their urban counterparts (51.5%). Users in both [email protected]. rural and urban areas perceived CAM as beneficial. Significant predictors of use included the type of community, an annual income of less than USD 10,500, more than 10 years of residence in the community, self-perceived health status in the Energy/Fatigue, Emotional Well-being and Pain scales in the SF 36, presence of chronic illness, and consultations to traditional faith healer for health issues. Since only about 27% of the variability in the odds of using CAM can be explained by the model, further studies investigating other predictors of use are recommended. Introduction Complementary and alternative Alternative Medicine (NIH-NCCAM) in medicine (CAM), as defined by the the United States, is a term for a National Institutes of Health- National group of diverse medical and health Center for Complementary and care systems, practices, and products 16 Roderick Salenga et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Konflik-Konflik Politik Dalam Sejarah Peradaban Islam
    KONFLIK-KONFLIK POLITIK DALAM SEJARAH PERADABAN ISLAM Konflik-konflik Politik dalam Sejarah Peradaban Islam i Sanksi Pelanggaran Pasal 72 Undang Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2002 Tentang Hak Cipta 1. Barang siapa dengan sengaja dan tanpa hak melakukan per- buatan sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 2 ayat (1) atau Pasal 49 ayat (1) dan ayat (2) dipidana dengan pidana penjara masing-masing paling sedikit 1 (satu) bulan dan/ atau denda paling sedikit Rp 1.000.000,00 (satu juta rupiah), atau pidana penjara paling lama 7 (tujuh) tahun dan/ atau denda paling banyak Rp5.000.0000.000,00 (lima miliar rupiah). 2. Barang siapa dengan sengaja menyiarkan, memamerkan, mengedarkan, atau menjual kepada umum suatu ciptaan atau barang hasil pelanggaran hak cipta atau hak terkait sebagaima- na dimaksud pada ayat 1 (satu) dipidana dengan pidana pen- jara paling lama 5 (lima) tahun dan/ atau denda paling banyak Rp500.000.000,00 (lima ratus juta rupiah) ii Prof. Dr. H. Syamruddin Nasution, M.Ag PROF. DR. H. SYAMRUDDIN NASUTION, M.Ag KONFLIK-KONFLIK POLITIK DALAM SEJARAH PERADABAN ISLAM Asa Riau Konflik-konflik Politik dalam Sejarah Peradaban Islam iii KONFLIK-KONFLIK POLITIK DALAM SEJARAH PERADABAN ISLAM ISBN: 978-602-6302-44-1 Hak Cipta dilindungi undang-undang Cetakan Pertama, Nopember 2017 Penyusun: Prof. Dr. H. Syamruddin Nasution, M.Ag. Perwajahan/Cover: Katon Penerbit: Diterbitkan oleh: Asa Riau (CV. Asa Riau) Anggota IKAPI Jl. Kapas No 16 Rejosari, Kode Pos 28281 Pekanbaru - Riau e-mail: [email protected] Dicetak pada CV Mulia Indah Kemala Isi di luar tanggungjawab Percetakan iv Prof. Dr. H. Syamruddin Nasution, M.Ag KATA PENGANTAR Bismillahirrahmanirrahim Puji syukur disampaikan kepada Allah Subhanahu wa Ta’ala karena hanya dengan nikmat-Nya yang amat besar dan banyaklah roda perjalanan kehidupan ini dapat diputar dan dilaksanakan.
    [Show full text]
  • Defining Shariʿa the Politics of Islamic Judicial Review by Shoaib
    Defining Shariʿa The Politics of Islamic Judicial Review By Shoaib A. Ghias A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Jurisprudence and Social Policy in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge: Professor Malcolm M. Feeley, Chair Professor Martin M. Shapiro Professor Asad Q. Ahmed Summer 2015 Defining Shariʿa The Politics of Islamic Judicial Review © 2015 By Shoaib A. Ghias Abstract Defining Shariʿa: The Politics of Islamic Judicial Review by Shoaib A. Ghias Doctor of Philosophy in Jurisprudence and Social Policy University of California, Berkeley Professor Malcolm M. Feeley, Chair Since the Islamic resurgence of the 1970s, many Muslim postcolonial countries have established and empowered constitutional courts to declare laws conflicting with shariʿa as unconstitutional. The central question explored in this dissertation is whether and to what extent constitutional doctrine developed in shariʿa review is contingent on the ruling regime or represents lasting trends in interpretations of shariʿa. Using the case of Pakistan, this dissertation contends that the long-term discursive trends in shariʿa are determined in the religio-political space and only reflected in state law through the interaction of shariʿa politics, regime politics, and judicial politics. The research is based on materials gathered during fieldwork in Pakistan and datasets of Federal Shariat Court and Supreme Court cases and judges. In particular, the dissertation offers a political-institutional framework to study shariʿa review in a British postcolonial court system through exploring the role of professional and scholar judges, the discretion of the chief justice, the system of judicial appointments and tenure, and the political structure of appeal that combine to make courts agents of the political regime.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Elections in Iran
    AN INTRODUCTORY PRIMER ON Local Elections in Iran Structure of Local Government Local institutions resemble national ones in their dual nature. At almost every level of government, there are appointed, administrative councils headed by representatives of the central government. These institutions represent the top down hierarchy on the provincial, county, district, city and village level. There is also a parallel bottom up hierarchy of elected officials and councils, with local and village councils at its base. Village and city councils are the only local institutions whose members are directly elected. Once village councils are elected, councilors nominate members from their ranks to represent their village at district, or bakhsh, councils. Once bakhsh councils are formed, they nominate members to represent their bakhsh at county councils, and so on until the Supreme Council of the Provinces. The bottom-up, elected councils tend to play supervisory and consultative roles rather than legislative ones. City councils elect mayors, approve municipal budgets and supervise their implementation. They approve all city planning and development decisions. Conversely to elected bodies, central government and executive functions are largely managed through a top-down process of appointed heads of councils with the bulk of authority, although mayors are chosen by councils themselves. Mayors are in charge of implementing directives from city councils. They are nominated by the councils and approved by the Ministry of Interior, and serve as heads of the municipal administrations for four-year terms. The Ministry of the Interior also appoints the ostandars, who appoint the farmandars in their province with the Ministry’s approval and so on.
    [Show full text]
  • Sufi Cult in Mirpur
    This is a repository copy of Ambiguous traditions and modern transformations of Islam: the waxing and waning of an ‘intoxicated’ Sufi cult in Mirpur. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/97211/ Version: Accepted Version Article: McLoughlin, S and Khan, M (2006) Ambiguous traditions and modern transformations of Islam: the waxing and waning of an ‘intoxicated’ Sufi cult in Mirpur. Contemporary South Asia, 15 (3). pp. 289-307. ISSN 0958-4935 https://doi.org/10.1080/09584930601098042 (c) 2006, Taylor and Francis. This is an author produced version of a paper published in Contemporary South Asia. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version - refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher’s website. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Seán McLoughlin & Muzamil Khan Ambiguous traditions and modern transformations of Islam: the waxing and waning of an S M Published in: Contemporary South Asia 15(3) September, 2006: 289307 Abstract: A I S A S shifting ambiguity and fixity of religious boundaries in colonial India, this article is an account of the cult of the Qadiriyya-Qalandariyya saints in the Mirpur district of Pakistan- administered Kashmir.
    [Show full text]
  • IOWA NUTRIENT REDUCTION STRATEGY a Science and Technology-Based Framework to Assess and Reduce Nutrients to Iowa Waters and the Gulf of Mexico
    IOWA NUTRIENT REDUCTION STRATEGY A science and technology-based framework to assess and reduce nutrients to Iowa waters and the Gulf of Mexico Prepared by: Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship Iowa Department of Natural Resources Iowa State University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Updated September 2014 September 2014 IOWA NUTRIENT REDUCTION STRATEGY UPDATES In May 2014, the Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship, Iowa State University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and the Iowa Department of Natural Resources met to identify needed updates to the Iowa Nutrient Reduction Strategy. Updates were necessary to keep the text of the strategy up-to-date based on current information and status of efforts related to the strategy. Proposed updates were presented to the Water Resources Coordinating Council (WRCC) at its July 29 meeting, along with the annual strategy progress report. Comments were requested from both the WRCC and the Watershed Planning Advisory Council. Based on those comments, the draft report was updated and presented to the WRCC again on September 18, and finalized following that meeting. Below is a summary of the updates that have been made to the May 29, 2013 strategy document. Nonpoint Source Updates: • Listed the nine priority HUC8 watersheds that were designated by the Water Resources Coordinating Council in February 2013, and established the anniversary date for the five-year review of these watersheds • Updated Section 1.4.5 to include discussion on source water protection
    [Show full text]
  • Pemikiran Politik Dan Dakwah Hasan Al-Banna
    PEMIKIRAN POLITIK DAN DAKWAH HASAN AL-BANNA Yuni Fadilah Rahmi Kementerian Agama Kota Bengkulu Email: Yuni- [email protected] Abstract: The Political Thought and Propagation of Hasan Al-Banna. With the problem of how politics and propaganda hasan Al-banna? and how the political contributions and propagation of hasan Al Banna in Indonesia? This research is a qualitative descriptive study. This type of research is library research because this study sought to assess and analyze a character, trying to trace his ideas through the works, the events behind the birth. The results in this study are the political thinking of Hasan al-Banna, there are at least four things, namely: ‘Urubah (Arabism), Wathaniyah (Patriotism), Qaumiyah (Nationalism), and’ Alamiyah (Internationalism). Eight pillars Politics Hasan Al-Banna is as follows: 1) Integrated between Islam and politics (religion and state), 2) Inspired of consciousness shall liberate the homeland of Islam, 3) Inspired of consciousness shall establish an Islamic government, 4) Established the existence of Muslims, 5) Based the obligation on Islamic unity, 6) Received regulatory system, 7) Criticized multiparty and party 8) Preserved minority groups and foreign elementsHasan Al-Banna thought about propaganda. Da’wah done by Hasan al- Banna is as follows: 1. Forming Jama’ah Islamiyah (Al-Ihkwanul Muslims) 2. Preaching to people who do not go to the mosque to come into their homes, 3. Propagation not only through the pulpit but also through books, newspapers and magazines, 4. Propagation among campus. The contribution of Hasan al-Banna in politics and propaganda in Indonesia. Hasan al-Banna through the Muslim Brotherhood has spread its network at that time, also raised supports and other Arab countries to support the independence of Indonesia.
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Governance and Contribution of Climate Change Consideration and Energy Efficiency: Case Study of Hashtgerd New Town--Iraniran
    Urban governance and contribution of climate change consideration and energy efficiency: case study of Hashtgerd new town--IranIran PhD Student, Technical University of Berlin Ghazaleh S.H.Jasbi [email protected] Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Rudolf Schäfer REAL CORP 2012: Re-Mixing the City Multiversum Schwechat, Technische Universität Berlin Austria Focus ofof presentation 1. Presenting concept related to urban climate governance and energy efficiency. 2. Analyzing the current situation of urban governance system in Iran 3. Best actions and policies that could change the local government of Hashtgerd new town in Iran , to a key and effective elements to develop and optimum execution of urban energy consumption and decrease of CO2 gases. 4. Presenting proposed local climate action plan for New Town of Hashtgerd, for integrating and coordinating local government in Hashtgerd new town that have a specific look on energy consumption optimization, decreasing of CO2. Presenting the concept (state of the art )) Roles of the municipality in local climate change policy (Modes of urban climate governance) • self-governing (municipality as consumer and Role-model) • governing by provision(municipality as supplier and service provider) • governing by authority(municipality as planner and regulator) • governing through enabling(municipality as facilitator) Urban policy Sectors for local climate change actions • Energy • Transport • Building • Waste Municipal capacity for climate change policy • Leadership • Municipal government competencies and
    [Show full text]
  • 2Nd ICSTCSD 2018 Proceeding Magelang, 16 – 17 November 2018
    2nd ICSTCSD 2018 Proceeding Magelang, 16 – 17 November 2018 The Role of Government Editor : Fadlurrahman, S.IP., M.P.A Nike Mutiara Fauziah, S.A.P., M.A i The Role of Government on Sustainable Development The Role of Government on Sustainable Development @ Fadlurrahman, S.IP., M.P.A, Nike Mutiara Fauziah, S.A.P., M.A Hak cipta dilindungi oleh undang-undang. Dilarang mengutip atau memperbanyak sebagian atau isi seluruh buku ini tanpa izin tertulis dari penerbit. Editor : @ Fadlurrahman, S.IP., M.P.A, Nike Mutiara Fauziah, S.A.P., M.A Tata Letak : Irfany G. Desain cover : Nafisah Cetakan 1, Januari 2019 Tebal : vi + 263 hal ; 21 x 29 cm ISBN : 978-602-0785-17-2 Penerbit Anom Pustaka Perum Gowasari Blok 12 Yogyakarta email: [email protected] ii 2nd ICSTCSD 2018 Proceeding Magelang, 16 – 17 November 2018 “The Role of Government on Sustainable Development” Magelang, 16 – 17 November 2018 Collaboration Conference : 3rd Borobudur Conference on Public Administration 3rd International Conference on Tourism Role in Sustainable Comunity Development 4th Conference on Social Transform 3rd International Social Science Tourism Research Conference Editor : Fadlurrahman, S.IP., M.P.A Nike Mutiara Fauziah, S.A.P., M.A iii The Role of Government on Sustainable Development iv 2nd ICSTCSD 2018 Proceeding Magelang, 16 – 17 November 2018 FOREWORD Assalamu‘alaikum Warahmatullah Wabarakatuh, Finally, Second International Conference on Social Transformation, Community and Sustainable Development (2nd ICSTCSD) proceeding has been published. It is my great honour to say thank you to our Keynote Speaker Prof. Dr. Soffian Effendi and our Guest Speakers Prof. Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Los Angeles City Clerk
    BOARD OF BUILDING AND SAFETY CITY OF LOS ANGELES COMMISSIONERS DEPARTMENT OF CALIFORNIA BUILDING AND SAFETY 201 NORTH FIGUEROA STREET LOS ANGELES, CA 90012 VAN AMBATIELOS PRESIDENT E. FELICIA BRANNON VICE PRESIDENT RAYMOND S. CHAN, C.E., S.E. GENERAL MANAGER JOSELYN GEAGA-ROSENTHAL ERIC GARCETTI FRANK BUSH MAYOR GEORGE HOVAGUIMIAN EXECUTIVE OFFICER JAVIER NUNEZ December 22, 2014 Council District: # 3 Honorable Council of the City of Los Angeles Room 395, City Hall JOB ADDRESS: 19839 WEST LEADWELL STREET, LOS ANGELES, CA ASSESSORS PARCEL NO. (APN): 2115-011-028 On July 3, 2012, pursuant to the authority granted by Section 91.103 of the Los Angeles Municipal Code, the Department of Building and Safety (the "Department") investigated and identified code violations at: 19839 West Leadwell Street, Los Angeles, California (the "Property"). A copy of the title report which includes a full legal description of the property is attached as Exhibit A. Pursuant to Section 98.0421, the property owner was issued an order on July 3, 2012, to pay a code violation inspection fee after violations were identified and verified upon inspection. The code violation inspection fees imposed by the Department are as follows: Description Amount Code Violation Investigation fee 336.00 System Development Surcharge 20.16 System Development Surcharge late fee 50.40 Late Charge/Collection fee (250%) 840.00 Accumulated Interest ( 1o/o/month) 332.92 Title Report fee 42.00 Grand Total $ 1.621.48 Pursuant to the authority granted by Section 7.35.3 of the Los Angeles Administrative Code, it is proposed a lien for a total sum of $1,621.48 recorded against the property.
    [Show full text]
  • Municipal Solid Waste Characterization and Landfill Gas
    sustainability Article Municipal Solid Waste Characterization and Landfill Gas Generation in Kakia Landfill, Makkah Faisal A. Osra 1,* , Huseyin Kurtulus Ozcan 2, Jaber S. Alzahrani 3 and Mohammad S. Alsoufi 4 1 Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia 2 Engineering Faculty, Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, Istanbul 34320, Turkey; [email protected] 3 Industrial Engineering Department, Al-Qunfudhah Engineering College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; [email protected] 4 Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; mssoufi@uqu.edu.sa * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: In many countries, open dumping is considered the simplest, cheapest, and most cost- effective way of managing solid wastes. Thus, in underdeveloped economies, Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) are openly dumped. Improper waste disposal causes air, water, and soil pollution, impairing soil permeability and blockage of the drainage system. Solid Waste Management (SWM) can be enhanced by operating a well-engineered site with the capacity to reduce, reuse, and recover MSW. Makkah city is one of the holiest cities in the world. It harbors a dozen of holy places. Millions of people across the globe visit the place every year to perform Hajj, Umrah, and tourism. In the present study, MSW characterization and energy recovery from MSW of Makkah was determined. The average composition of solid waste in Makkah city is organic matter (48%), plastics (25%), paper and cardboard (20%), metals (4%), glass (2%), textiles (1%), and wood (1%).
    [Show full text]