DOCSLIB.ORG

Historicizing Sunni Islam in the Ottoman Empire, C. 1450–C. 1750

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Historicizing Sunni Islam in the Ottoman Empire, C. 1450–C. 1750 Historicizing Sunni Islam in the Ottoman Empire, c. 1450–c. 1750 Tijana Krstić and Derin Terzioğlu - 9789004440296 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 12:14:36PM via free access Islamic History and Civilization Studies and Texts Editorial Board Hinrich Biesterfeldt Sebastian Günther Honorary Editor Wadad Kadi volume 177 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/ihc Tijana Krstić and Derin Terzioğlu - 9789004440296 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 12:14:36PM via free access Historicizing Sunni Islam in the Ottoman Empire, c. 1450–c. 1750 Edited by Tijana Krstić Derin Terzioğlu LEIDEN | BOSTON Tijana Krstić and Derin Terzioğlu - 9789004440296 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 12:14:36PM via free access This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s) and source are credited. Further information and the complete license text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ The terms of the CC license apply only to the original material. The use of material from other sources (indicated by a reference) such as diagrams, illustrations, photos and text samples may require further permission from the respective copyright holder. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 648498). Cover illustration: “The Great Abu Sa’ud [Şeyhü’l-islām Ebū’s-suʿūd Efendi] Teaching Law,” Folio from a dīvān of Maḥmūd ‘Abd-al Bāqī (1526/7–1600), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. The image is available in Open Access at: https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/447807 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Krstić, Tijana, editor. | Terzioğlu, Derin, 1969- editor. Title: Historicizing Sunni Islam in the Ottoman Empire, c. 1450–c. 1750 / edited by Tijana Krstić, Derin Terzioğlu. Description: Boston : Brill, 2020. | Series: Islamic history and civilization. studies and texts, 0929-2403 ; 177 | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2020032337 (print) | LCCN 2020032338 (ebook) | ISBN 9789004440289 (hardback) | ISBN 9789004440296 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Islam–Turkey–History. | Turkey–History–Ottoman Empire, 1288-1918. | Sunna. Classification: LCC BP63.T8 H57 2020 (print) | LCC BP63.T8 (ebook) | DDC 297.8/10956–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020032337 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020032338 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill‑typeface. ISSN 0929-2403 ISBN 978-90-04-44028-9 (hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-44029-6 (e-book) Copyright 2021 by Tijana Krstić and Derin Terzioğlu. Published by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi, Brill Sense, Hotei Publishing, mentis Verlag, Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh and Wilhelm Fink Verlag. Koninklijke Brill NV reserves the right to protect this publication against unauthorized use. This book is printed on acid-free paper and produced in a sustainable manner. Tijana Krstić and Derin Terzioğlu - 9789004440296 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 12:14:36PM via free access Contents Acknowledgments ix List of Figures xi Abbreviations xiv Note on Transliteration xv 1 Historicizing the Study of Sunni Islam in the Ottoman Empire, c. 1450–c. 1750 1 Tijana Krstić Part 1 Rethinking Sunni Orthodoxy in Dialogue with the Past and the Present 2 A New Hadith Culture? Arab Scholars and Ottoman Sunnitization in the Sixteenth Century 31 Helen Pfeifer 3 A Contrarian Voice: Şehzāde Ḳorḳud’s (d. 919/1513) Writings on Kalām and the Early Articulation of Ottoman Sunnism 62 Nabil Al-Tikriti 4 Ibn Taymiyya, al-Siyāsa al-Sharʿiyya, and the Early Modern Ottomans 101 Derin Terzioğlu 5 You Must Know Your Faith in Detail: Redefinition of the Role of Knowledge and Boundaries of Belief in Ottoman Catechisms (ʿİlm-i ḥāls) 155 Tijana Krstić 6 How to Read Heresy in the Ottoman World 196 Nir Shafir 7 Prayers, Commentaries, and the Edification of the Ottoman Supplicant 232 Guy Burak Tijana Krstić and Derin Terzioğlu - 9789004440296 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 12:14:36PM via free access vi contents Part 2 Building a Pious Community: Spatial Dimensions of Sunnitization 8 Lives and Afterlives of an Urban Institution and Its Spaces: The Early Ottoman ʿİmāret as Mosque 255 Çiğdem Kafescioğlu 9 Abdāl-affiliated Convents and “Sunnitizing” Halveti Dervishes in Sixteenth-Century Ottoman Rumeli 308 Grigor Boykov 10 Attendance at the Five Daily Congregational Prayers, Imams and Their Communities in the Jurisprudential Debates during the Ottoman Age of Sunnitization 341 H. Evren Sünnetçioğlu 11 Piety and Presence in the Postclassical Sultanic Mosque 376 Ünver Rüstem Part 3 Sunnis, Shi‘is and Kızılbaş: The Context- and Genre-Specific Nature of Confessional Politics 12 Neither Victim Nor Accomplice: The Kızılbaş as Borderland Actors in the Early Modern Ottoman Realm 423 Ayşe Baltacıoğlu-Brammer 13 Reading Ottoman Sunnism through Islamic History: Approaches toward Yazīd b. Muʿāwiya in Ottoman Historical Writing 451 Vefa Erginbaş 14 Islamic Discourse in Ottoman-Safavid Peacetime Diplomacy after 1049/1639 479 Selim Güngörürler Tijana Krstić and Derin Terzioğlu - 9789004440296 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 12:14:36PM via free access contents vii Index of Geographical Names 501 Index of Personal Names 505 Index of Quranic References 515 Index of Titles of Premodern Books 516 Index of General Terms 521 Tijana Krstić and Derin Terzioğlu - 9789004440296 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 12:14:36PM via free access Tijana Krstić and Derin Terzioğlu - 9789004440296 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 12:14:36PM via free access Acknowledgments This volume has its origins in a workshop entitled “(Re)Thinking Ottoman Sun- nitization, ca. 1450–1750,” held at Central European University in Budapest on August 25–26, 2017. However, this was only the beginning of a conversation that continued for three years, and the provisional conclusions of which are presented in this collection. In the process we have all learned a lot from each other and from colleagues involved in various ways, either as commentators at the original workshop, as anonymous reviewers, or as interested readers pro- viding valuable feedback. Ahmet Kaylı, Aslıhan Gürbüzel, Ayfer Karakaya-Stump, Baki Tezcan, Devin Stewart, Ferenc Csirkés, Rossitsa Gradeva, Sara NurYıldız, andYavuz Aykan par- ticipated in the original workshop but for various reasons were unable to con- tribute essays to this volume. Ayşe Baltacıoğlu-Brammer, Çiğdem Kafescioğlu, and Helen Pfeifer joined us later. We greatly benefited from the expert insights of Cemal Kafadar, Gottfried Hagen, Gülru Necipoğlu, and M. Sait Özervarlı, who were commentators at the workshop. We would like to thank them all. Both the workshop and this volume are outcomes of the project entitled “The Fashioning of a Sunni Orthodoxy and the Entangled Histories of Con- fession-Building in the Ottoman Empire, 15th–17th Centuries” (OTTOCONFES- SION, Project ID 648498) supported by the European Research Council, Hori- zon 2020 Program. Our then Project Coordinator Tamas Kiss provided invalu- able logistic support during the workshop, while Sona Grigoryan has expertly filled that role since. As part of our research team, Günhan Börekçi has brought many sources and secondary literature to our attention during the preparation of this volume, while Cankat Kaplan meticulously prepared the index. From his base at Süleymaniye Library, Ahmet Kaylı has assisted us in obtain- ing digital copies of manuscripts and published studies. Özgün Deniz Yoldaşlar has also helped us access crucial literature. Guy Burak shared ideas for the cover image and helped us obtain it. The finishing touches to this volume were put at the Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. There we benefited not only from the exceptional technical and logistic support of the WIKO staff and administration, but also from intellectually stimulating and challenging con- versations with the Fellows. We would particularly like to thank the Rector Barbara Stollberg-Rilinger, Ulrich Rudolph, Jeanne Kormina, Dror Wahrman, Natasha Wheatley, Elena Esposito, Efraín Kristal, Nicole Brisch, Felix Körner, Zaid al-Ali, Michael Karayanni and Balázs Trencsényi. Throughout the process we have had the support of the Brill editorial team, including Maurits van den Boogert, Teddi Dols, and Rebekah Zwanzig. Tijana Krstić and Derin Terzioğlu - 9789004440296 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 12:14:36PM via free access x acknowledgments We would also like to acknowledge the encouragement, support, help, friendship, and feedback of Başak Tuğ, Sara Nur Yıldız, Barbara Kellner-Hein- kele, Alexandar Schunka, Yael Navaro, Hülya Canbakal, Çiğdem Kafescioğlu, Fatma Taşkent, Emese Muntan, Cristina Corduneanu-Huci, Brett Wilson, Jan Hennings, Robyn Radway, Natalie Rothman, Maartje van Gelder, and Nevena Ivanović. Derin thanks Nuran, Ayşecan, Eren, Deniz, and Kıymet for being there for her in so many ways and for filling her life with meaning. She wishes her father Tosun was also still here. Tijana thanks Kovács Julianna and Sonia Pil- libeit for making it possible for her to be a working mother, and Mirjana, Boško, Sunna,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cagaloglu Hamam 46 Ecumenical Patriarchate
    THIS SIDE OF THES GOLDEN Yerebatan Cistern 44 Spiritual brothers: The HORN: THE OLD TOWN AND Cagaloglu Hamam 46 Ecumenical Patriarchate EYUP 8 Nuruosmaniye Mosque 48 of Constantinople 84 Topkapi Palace 10 Grand Bazaar 50 Fethiye Mosque (Pamma- The Power and the Glory Knotted or woven: The Turkish karistos Church) 86 of the Ottoman Rulers: art of rug-making 52 Chora Church 88 Inside the Treasury 12 Book Bazaar 54 Theodosian City Wall 90 The World behind the Veil: Traditional handicrafts: Eyiip Sultan Mosque 92 Life in the Harem 14 Gold and silver jewelry 56 Santralistanbul Center of Hagia Eirene 16 Beyazit Mosque 58 Art and Culture 94 Archaeological Museum 18 Siileymaniye Mosque 60 Fountain of Sultan Ahmed 20 Rustem Pa§a Mosque 64 BEYOND THE GOLDEN Hagia Sophia 22 Egyptian Bazaar HORN:THE NEWTOWN Constantine the Great 26 (Spice Bazaar) 66 AND THE EUROPEAN SIDE Sultan Ahmed Mosque Yeni Mosque, OF THE BOSPHORUS 96 (Blue Mosque) 28 Hiinkar Kasri 68 Karakoy (Galata), Tophane 98 Arasta Bazaar 32 Port of Eminonii 70 Jewish life under the The Great Palace of the Galata Bridge 72 Crescent Moon 100 Byzantine Emperors, Myths and legends: The Istanbul Modern Museum 102 Mosaic Museum 34 story(ies) surrounding Shooting stars above the Istanbul's Traditional the Golden Horn 74 gilded cage of art: Wooden Houses and Sirkeci train station 76 Istanbul Biennal 104 the Ravages of Time 36 $ehzade Mosque Kilig Ali Pa§a Mosque, The Hippodrome 38 (Prince's Mosque) 78 Nusretiye Mosque 106 Sokollu Mehmet Pa§a Valens Aqueduct 80 Galata Tower 108 Mosque 40 Fatih
    [Show full text]
  • Acoustic Solutions in Classic Ottoman Architecture
    ACOUSTIC SOLUTIONS IN CLASSIC OTTOMAN ARCHITECTURE IMPORTANT NOTICE: Author: Prof. Dr. Mutbul Kayili Chief Editor: Lamaan Ball All rights, including copyright, in the content of this document are owned or controlled for these purposes by FSTC Limited. In Sub Editor: Rumeana Jahangir accessing these web pages, you agree that you may only download the content for your own personal non-commercial Production: Aasiya Alla use. You are not permitted to copy, broadcast, download, store (in any medium), transmit, show or play in public, adapt or change in any way the content of this document for any other purpose whatsoever without the prior written permission of FSTC Release Date: May 2005 Limited. Publication ID: 4087 Material may not be copied, reproduced, republished, downloaded, posted, broadcast or transmitted in any way except for your own personal non-commercial home use. Any other use Copyright: © FSTC Limited, 2005 requires the prior written permission of FSTC Limited. You agree not to adapt, alter or create a derivative work from any of the material contained in this document or use it for any other purpose other than for your personal non-commercial use. FSTC Limited has taken all reasonable care to ensure that pages published in this document and on the MuslimHeritage.com Web Site were accurate at the time of publication or last modification. Web sites are by nature experimental or constantly changing. Hence information published may be for test purposes only, may be out of date, or may be the personal opinion of the author. Readers should always verify information with the appropriate references before relying on it.
    [Show full text]
  • 5D4N Taste of Istanbul and Bursa from Blue Mosque | Topkapi Palace | Spice Bazaar | Grand Mosque
    Travel itinerary Ground travelpackage itinerary ground package Scan QR code to see all of our packages 5D4N Taste of Istanbul and Bursa From Blue Mosque | Topkapi Palace | Spice Bazaar | Grand Mosque Day 1 Istanbul D USD420.00 Upon arrival at Istanbul International Airport, transfer to the hotel for check in. You are free per pax (twin share) at leisure to explore the city on your own. Overnight in Istanbul. *minimum 4 pax Day 2 Istanbul B/L/D PACKAGE CODE: After breakfast at the hotel, visit the Hippodrome of Constantinople (known as Sultanahmet TRIST4-01MT-5 Square today) and be regaled with the tales of horse and chariot-racing during the Roman PACKAGE INCLUSIONS times. Visit the Blue Mosque (also known as Sultan Ahmed Mosque) that was built in the 15th century. Hand-painted blue tiles adorn the mosque’s interior walls, and at night the mosque 4 nights’ accommodation at selected hotels or similar class is bathed in blue as lights frame the mosque’s five main domes, six minarets and eight based on twin sharing secondary domes. Continue to Topkapi Palace, the official residence and administrative Halal meals as per itinerary headquaters of the Ottoman sultans in the 15th century. In the afternoon, enjoy shopping at Tours and entrance fees as per Spice Bazaar. Return to the hotel and overnight in Istanbul. itinerary Day 3 Istanbul – Bursa B/L/D Transportation by air-conditioned After breakfast and check out from the hotel, visit Leather outlet centre. Then, drive to Bursa vehicle English-speaking guide during city (2 hours and 20 minutes).
    [Show full text]
  • Note on Captions, Transliterations, and Translations
    Note on Captions, Transliterations, and Translations Captions for multiple images of the same building give dates and locations only in the first instance. Without further qualification, “Istanbul” indicates a site within the walled city proper; extramural locations such as Üsküdar and Eyüp are additionally specified. Except in transliterated quotations and book titles, foreign terms that have en- tered standard English dictionaries (for example, “pasha,” “dhimmi,” “mihrab”) are written in their anglicized forms, and even less familiar terms are italicized only on their initial occurrence. Ottoman terms are provided with full diacritics when first written and thereafter spelled according to modern Turkish orthography, though I have retained medial ’ayns and hamzas throughout (for example, “mi’mar”). In transliterating from Ottoman Turkish, I have followed the system used by the are غ and خ:International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, with the following adaptions respectively rendered as h and ġ, and certain orthographic conventions pertaining to ˘ native Turkish words are ignored in favor of spellings that better reflect the actual pronunciation of the time (for example, etdirüp rather than itdirüb). As is typical for the period, all eighteenth- century Ottoman texts quoted in this book are originally un- punctuated, and any punctuation that appears in the transliterations is my own. Names of buildings are written in accordance with their “scholarly” modern Turk- ish forms if these are well known (for example, “Sultan Ahmed Mosque” rather than “Sultanahmet Mosque”), though in cases where this approach would be pedantic, I have used the spellings that are today most current (for example, “Hacı Kemalettin Mosque,” not “Hacı Kemaleddin Mosque”).
    [Show full text]
  • Blue Mosque (Sultan Ahmed Mosque), Istanbul
    Blue Mosque (Sultan Ahmed Mosque), Istanbul TouristsPicture ofat thethe BlueBlue MosqueMosque Courtyard of the Blue Mosque An emblem of the Turkish and Islamic art, the Blue Mosque in Istanbul, Turkey is a place, both of meditation and admiration. This prominent building is listed on the itinerary of every tourist who comes to Istanbul. Built during the reign of Ahmed I, the Blue Mosque (aka Sultanahmet Camii in Turkish) derives its name from the blue colored tiles of the walls used in its construction. It is also called the Sultan Ahmed Mosque , as it houses the resting place of its founder. The mosque has a madrasa. There is also a provision of medical aid at the mosque. Even though there are three entrances to the mosque, it is suggested to enter the mosque from the west direction for panoramic views. The sybaritic curves of the mosque, the commodious courtyards, sky-reaching minarets, make this Ottoman mosque a doozy of religious places. The interior decor of the mosque is lavishly decorated with the psychedelic paintings. The stained glass and tiles generate luminous effects to complement the vistas. More than 20,000 recherché Iznik tiles were used to embellish the interiors of the mosque. Travel Tips Remove your shoes and put them in plastic bags that are available at the mosque (without any charges). Cover your head with coverings that are provided at the entrance, free of cost. Flash photography is prohibited inside the mosque. Maintain silence in the mosque. When you return, put the used plastic bags in the designated dustbins and return the head coverings.
    [Show full text]
  • Tour De Istanbul, London and Amesbury 31St October -9Th November 2010
    Tour De Istanbul, London and Amesbury 31st October -9th November 2010 Day 1 (31 st December 2010): Durham to Luton Airport. Luton Airport Parking: Airpark Services, LU1 4BZ Grove Road, Slip End, Luton, Beds Day 2 (1 st November 2010): Sabiha Airport to Istanbul Apartments Route 1: From Sabiha Gokchen, take bus E10 to Kardikoy (end of the station). 3.5 lira each. From Kardikoy, take ferry to Eminonu (end of the station, actually end to end). 1.75 lira each. From Eminonu, take Tram to Blue Mosque (Sultan Ahmet Station). They use Token (jeton) and price is 1.75 lira per person. Then from Blue Mosque station, just walk to Istanbul Apartment. Route 2: Sabiha Gokchen direct to Taksim. 13 lira per person. Then from Taksim to Metro underground to Kabatas. 1.75 lira each. From Kabatas, take Tram to Sultan Ahmet (Blue Mosque station), Another 1.75 lira each. Day 3 (2 nd November 2010): Hagia Sophia, Blue Mosque, Byzantine Hippodrome, Beyazit Mosque, Istanbul University and Al Fatih Mosque. Hagia Sophia : The Church of Holy Wisdom, undoubtedly one of the greatest architectural creations in the world used as a mosque during Ottomans and serving as a museum today. *Hagia Sophia is closed on Mondays and replaced with Underground Cistern Byzantine Hippodrome: the center for entertainment, amusement and sports in the city during the Roman and Byzantine Empires.The Egyptian Obelisk, the serpentine column and the German fountain of Willhelm II are sites to be visited. Blue Mosque : The Sultan Ahmed Mosque ,one of the most revered masterpieces of the Islamic world .
    [Show full text]
  • Istanbul Turkish Hospitality in the Shadow of Minarets
    2012-07-28 Soraya Othman Istanbul Turkish Hospitality In The Shadow of Minarets On 10th of July 2012, while waiting for the connecting flight to Ankara, I took a chance to spend my morning in Istanbul, which is also famously known as the city of exquisite mosques. In order for me to visit the architectural monuments, I opted for tram and yellow cab as my mode of transportation. To my surprise, from the moment I stepped into Istanbul, I was welcomed with traditional hospitality and friendliness. This is because in every corner of the city, a greeting like “Selam” (Arabic: Peace Be Upon You) would be cordially offered to me. Despite the language barrier, the smiling faces and warm sincerity through every communication with the Turkish have made me feel like I deserved to be welcomed in this city not only as a guest, but also as a friend. The graciousness was so apparent to an extent that I was offered to share a piece of doner kebab sandwich while I was in a cab, by the driver himself! It was a cab ride that I will never forget. My first sacred destination was the magnificent 17th century mosque, Sultan Ahmed Mosque. It is also universally acknowledged as the Blue Mosque due to the 20,000 handmade blue tiles decorated in its interior building. Another uniqueness of the mosque is its six slender minarets, as most of the mosques are often complemented with four, two, or just one minaret. Back then, the six minarets have caused quite an issue as the Haram Mosque in Mecca also had six minarets.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ottoman Empire What Was the Ottoman Empire and How Did Its Absolute Monarchs Help / Hurt Its Survival? What Was the Ottoman Empire?
    The Ottoman Empire What was the Ottoman Empire and how did its absolute monarchs help / hurt its survival? What was the Ottoman Empire? The Ottoman Empire was the largest and one of the most successful empires in history ◦ 1299-1923 ◦ Europe, Africa, Asia (Middle East) Known for: ◦ Strong absolute monarchs (sultans) ◦ Major cultural achievements (architecture, law, math, etc.) How did the Ottoman Empire start? Ottomans started off as religious warriors in the Middle East ◦ Lead by Muslim prince Osman (Othman) Eventually conquered large areas of African The Sultan Ahmed Mosque in and Europe Istanbul was originally meant as a ◦ Capital = Istanbul (Turkey) palace for European royalty, but (also known as was instead turned into a holy Constantinople) shrine The Extent of Ottoman Power Who controlled the Ottoman Empire? Absolute rule was held by the sultan or king Military commander Political Leader Also relied on a valuable civil service system / landed nobility ◦ Feared Military ◦ Thriving Arts / Sciences ◦ Complex social organization Topkapı Palace in Istanbul The Sultan & His Court The Ottoman Harems Ottoman Concubines Ottoman Eunuchs Who where the Janissaries? The Janissaries where the sultan’s personal bodyguard Captured Christian children Converted to Islam Trained soldiers Eventually rose to high positions within the government (first Western “bureaucracy”) Formed the heart of the Ottoman army & the Ottoman government Janissary Soldiers Modern Firearms & Cannon Modern Janissaries in Turkey Vlad the Impalier What were some of the major successes of the Ottoman Empire? Many Ottoman monarchs (sultans) based their rule on military successes ◦ Very tolerant of other ethnic / religious groups Suleiman the Lawgiver ◦ 1520 – 1566 ◦ Well-known for his political reforms & cultural achievements ◦ His law code remains the basis of Turkey’s modern constitution Suleiman the Conqueror The Siege of Vienna (1529) The croissant Suleiman The Builder The Süleymaniye Mosque The Interior of the Süleymaniye .
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    Ö. KULAK KULAK Ö. PROTECTION OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL ARTIFACTS OF MINORITIES UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: THE CASE OF TURKEY’S ALEVI CULTURAL HERITAGE ÖZGE KULAK METU 2019 METU SEPTEMBER 2019 PROTECTION OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL ARTIFACTS OF MINORITIES UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: THE CASE OF TURKEY’S ALEVI CULTURAL HERITAGE A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY ÖZGE KULAK IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN THE DEPARTMENT OF EUROPEAN STUDIES SEPTEMBER 2019 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Assoc. Prof. Dr. Sadettin Kirazcı Director (Acting) I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Özgehan Şenyuva Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Prof.Dr.Necati Polat Supervisor Examining Committee Members Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa Şen (METU, SOC) Prof. Dr. Necati Polat (METU, IR) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Murat Cem Demir (MUNZUR UNİ, SOS) PLAGIARISM I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name : Özge KULAK Signature : iii ABSTRACT PROTECTION OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL ARTIFACTS OF MINORITIES UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: THE CASE OF TURKEY’S ALEVI CULTURAL HERITAGE Kulak, Özge M.Sc.
    [Show full text]
  • Tour Code – Git-Ist150716 Departure Date 16Th July
    DAY 1 - 16JUL2015 BI423 BWNSIN 1830 2035 TK55 SINIST 2315 0540 Assemble 21/2 hrs at Brunei International Airport before your flight departure to Turkey Via Singapore. On Transit at Changi Airport DAY2 – 17JUL20 15 ISTANBUL (LUNCH & DINNER) Upon arrival meet & greet by tour guide. Start your city tour around Istanbul. First visit will be Blue Mosque. The Sultan Ahmed Mosque is a historic mosque in Istanbul. Then next to the Hippodrome of Constantinople, the Hippodrome is usually associated with Constantinople's days of glory as an imperial capital. Next to St Sophia Museum, Hagia Sophia is a former Greek Orthodox patriarchal basilica and now a museum in Istanbul, Turkey. Right after lunch drive to Bursa. Upon arrival, enjoy dinner and check in hotel in Bursa. DAY 3 – 18JUL2015 BURSA (BREAKFAST/LUNCH/DINNER) After breakfast Visit the Grand Mosque, Green Mosque & Tomb Bursa is a mosque in Bursa, Turkey. Then head to Grand Mosque or Ulu Cami Pamukkale and Pamukkale, meaning "cotton castle" in Turkish. The city contains hot springs and travertines, terraces of carbonate minerals left by the flowing water. And lunch at the local restaurant, on the way to go to Pamukkale. TOUR CODE – GIT-IST150716 Right after lunch next we visit Hierapolis ancient city. Next to Cotton castle the DEPARTURE DATE fascinating white "snow like" pool in the terraces and Cleopatra’s ancient pool TH RD A bath in Cleopatra’s Pool has always been known to possess healing properties. 16 JULY - 23 JULY 2015 Then proceed to hotel at Pamukkale to freshen up. DAY 4 – 19JUL2015 KONYA - CAPPADOCIA TOUR PRICE PER PERSON (BREAKFAST/LUNCH/DINNER) After breakfast drive to Konya, lunch will be taken on the way at local TWIN – BND$2258 restaurant the we will visit the and after, we head to Mevlana Mausoleum SINGLE – Cappadocia.
    [Show full text]
  • Best Religious Sites in Istanbul"
    "Best Religious Sites in Istanbul" Erstellt von : Cityseeker 6 Vorgemerkte Orte Sultan-Ahmed-Moschee (Blaue Moschee) "Blue Hued Wonder" Dubbed the “Blue Mosque” by Europeans because of its rich blue interior ceiling tiles in the Iznik tradition, Sultan Ahmed Mosque, with its six minarets and series of elegant domes, is a one of a kind. Built at the behest of Ahmet I between 1609 and 1616, the mosque was designed by by Adli Wahid on Unsplash the architect Sedefkar Mehmet Ağa, one of Mimar Sinan's most prominent students. Inside, the entrance illuminated by a wrought iron chandelier, gives way to the central prayer space, that evokes wonder with its intricate interiors adorned with thousands of tiles and filtered natural light from arched stained glass windows. The shrine near the mosque houses the tombs of Ahmet I and his wife Kosem Sultan. The Blue Mosque is a working mosque, so non-worshiping tourists are not permitted to enter during prayer times, which occur 5 times daily for 30 minutes each. +90 212 458 0776 www.sultanahmetcami.org/ Meydanı No: 7, Istanbul Sokollu Mehmet Pasha Mosque "Iconic Mosque" The minaret of the Sokollu Mehmet Pasha Mosque punctuates the heart of Kadirga. Mimar Sinan is the Ottoman architectural force behind the majestic structure built on a slope and completed in the 16th Century. Named after Grand Vizier Sokollu Mehmet Pasha, the beautiful establishment is a commemorative token to his wife Princess Esmahan. by Marmontel The dome encloses a courtyard, prayer hall and a hexagon-shaped mosque. The interior facades are tiled with the special İznik kind in intricate floral handwork in cool hues.
    [Show full text]
  • Piety and Presence in the Postclassical Sultanic Mosque
    chapter 11 Piety and Presence in the Postclassical Sultanic Mosque Ünver Rüstem When, in 989/1581, the Ottoman historian Gelibolulu Muṣṭafā ʿĀlī (d. 1008/ 1600) wrote that only those sultans who had successfully waged holy war should build religious foundations, he was spelling out an attitude that must have been widely shared at the time, and that continues to inform modern per- ceptions of Ottoman architecture.1 The idea that even the sovereign should be bound by codes of decorum was well enough accepted that ʿĀlī’s dictum—a passage from his famous Counsel for sultans (Nüṣḥatü’s-selāṭīn)—was intended for no less a reader than Murād III (r. 982–1003/1574–1595), who himself re- frained from erecting a mosque in Istanbul because of his relatively humble military achievements. Underscoring the association between empire build- ing and imperial building were the numerous mosques that Murād’s more successful predecessors had added to the Ottoman capital since its conquest. This series of monuments culminated in 964/1557 with the completion of the mighty hilltop complex of Süleymān the Magnificent (r. 926–974/1520–1566), whose transformative intervention in the cityscape was to remain unrivaled until the early eleventh/seventeenth century, when the young Aḥmed I (r. 1012– 1026/1603–1617) decided to flout convention and build a great mosque despite having no significant victories to his name.2 Aḥmed’s apparent disregard for the rules has helped to make his mosque a turning point in modern art-historical accounts, which have tended to view the building as an overblown vanity project that ushered in not only aesthetic decline, but also semiotic attenuation.
    [Show full text]