HOLOPOETRY Essays, Manifestoes, Critical and Theoretical Writings

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HOLOPOETRY Essays, Manifestoes, Critical and Theoretical Writings HOLOPOETRY Essays, manifestoes, critical and theoretical writings Eduardo Kac New Media Editions Lexington 1995 © 1995 Eduardo Kac All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. First edition, 1995 For information, contact: University of Kentucky Department of Art New Media Area ATTN. Eduardo Kac 207 Fine Arts Building Lexington, KY 40506-0022 Prefácio Este livro reúne textos que apresentam este novo tipo de poesia visual que introduzí em 1983. Os textos selecionados aqui recolhidos foram reproduzidos, em sua maioria, na língua em que foram originalmente publicados. Estes textos tem por objetivo esclarecer as questões básicas da holopoesia e documentar obras que de outra forma seriam de difícil acesso. Espero que este livro sirva como encorajamento ao leitor para que este se interesse por ler os holopoemas eles mesmos. A teoria não substitui os poemas. Tampouco ela os antecipa; antes, ela se desenvolve e muda com eles. A teoria é o resultado direto das experiências textuais, e também uma arena na qual o poeta exercita a reflexão sobre seu trabalho. Então, se este livro cumprir seu objetivo, onde pode o leitor ver os holopoemas? A esta altura, apenas em exposições individuais ou de grupo em museus e galerias. Espero que no futuro – devo dizer, no futuro próximo – seja possível a publicação de um livro de holopoemas. Até lá, que o presente livro seja uma introdução e um convite ao leitor para que explore a escritura holográfica. Preface This book contains texts that document this new kind of visual poetry I introduced in 1983. Most of the selected texts collected here are reproduced in the language they were first published. These texts aim at clarifying the basic issues addressed by holopoetry. The book also aims at documenting pieces that otherwise might be very difficult to access. A book like this, it is my hope, will serve as an encouragement for the read- er to see the actual holopoems. The theory by no means replaces the poems. The theory does not anticipate the texts either; rather, it evolves and changes with them. The theory is the direct result of the textual experiences, and also an arena where the poet exercises his thinking about his own work. So, if this book fulfills its role, where can the the reader see the actual holopoems? At this point, the reader will see them only in group and solo shows in galeries and museums. I hope that in the future – shall I say, in the near future – the dream of a whole book of holopoems will come true. Untill then, may this book be an introduction and an invitation for the reader to explore holographic writing. Eduardo Kac Chicago, 1993/Lexington, 1995 Contents Poesia Holográfica: as três dimensões do signo verbal (E. Kac, 1984) 1 Poesia Holográfica: a ruptura fotônica (E. Kac, 1985) 3 Poesia Anos-Luz Além (F. Catta-Preta, 1985) 6 No Museu da Imagem e do Som, a poesia do futuro(A.G. Filho, 1985) 7 A arte da síntese nos holopoemas (R. Röels, 1985) 8 Holopoetry and Perceptual Syntax (E. Kac, 1986) 10 Inteligência e High Tech (R. Röels, 1986) 12 porque holopoesia? (E. Kac, 1986) 14 Sintaxe, leitura e espaço na holopoesia (E. Kac, 1987) 15 Holopoesia (E.M. Melo e Castro, 1987) 19 Eletrônica Antiquada (Ferreira Gullar, 1987) 22 A anticaretice da arte high tech: resposta a Ferreira Gullar (E. Kac, 1987) 23 Wordsl (E. Kac, 1987) 24 Holofractal, a arte no futuro (L. Canongia, 1988) 26 Um unicórnio na matemática ((R. Röels, 1988) 28 Holopoetry: from “Holo/Olho” to “When?” (E. Kac, 1989) 29 On Kac’s computer holopoems (J. Truckenbrod, 1990) 37 Holopoesia e a crítica (J.G.S. Quental, 1990) 38 Poesia na Era do Chip: Eduardo Kac mostra holopoemas e ‘computer art’ no MAM (C. Lencastre, 1991) 39 Recent experiments in holopoetry and computer holopoetry (E. Kac, 1991) 40 Poetry in motion in the space-time continuum (L. Brill, 1992) 52 Holopoetry, Hypertext, Hyperpoetry (E. Kac, 1993) 54 Photonic Webs in Time: the aesthetics of holography (E. Kac, 1993) 67 Statement on Holopoetry (E. Kac, 1994) 86 Holopoetry: The New Frontier of Language (IV Whitman, 1995) 87 Eduardo Kac –– The Aesthetics of Dialogue (S. Osthoff, 1995) 96 The story of an idea (E. Kac, 1995) 130 Complete list of holopoems 137 1 Poesia Holográfica: as três dimensões do signo verbal Eduardo Kac Lá pelos idos da primeira década do nosso século, no turbilhão dos movi- mentos de vanguarda, o desenvolvimento da linguagem cinematográfica levou Guillaume Apollinaire a afirmar que a era da tipografia havia chegado ao fim e que no futuro o poeta conheceria liberdades que naquele momento não eram sequer imagináveis. Se o famoso poeta calígrafo-cubista pecou ao ser taxativo sobre a futura simbiose entre a poesia e as artes gráficas, não se equivocou ao sentenciar profeti- camente que a poesia ainda seguiria rumos imprevisíveis. Da mesma forma que a galáxia de Gutenberg provocou profundas alterações na cultura humana e a eletrônica, em plena era da telemática, é responsável igualmente por mudanças radicais — a holografia traz um contundente questionamento das formas conven- cionais de percepcão visual e, ao introduzir um método de registro tridimensional, abre possibilidades totalmente novas nos campos da expressão artística e do conhecimento científico. Com as experiências levadas a cabo no século XX pela poesia visual, a consciência da página impressa e o conhecimento dos inúmeros recursos gráfi- co/visuais levaram este código bidimensional a um ponto de saturação. Isto não significa, contudo, que não se possa fazer excelentes poemas visuais. Antes, ao contrário: o máximo que se pode realizar neste terreno são excelentes poemas. E ao poeta cabe ousar, conquistar o desconhecido, habitar a terra-de-ninguém onde as novas linguagens nascem e se multiplicam. Com as vanguardas, a palavra conheceu seu momento máximo de liber- dade na página, distante das amarras da linearidade aristotélica do verso. Mas o poeta do pós-moderno quer libertar a palavra da página, longe dos grilhões da bidi- mensionalidade da página impressa do poema visual. Como? Através da holo- grafia, ou melhor, através da imagem real. A imagem holográfica pode ser virtual (atrás do holograma) ou real (na frente do holograma); ou ainda parte real, parte virtual, como se o filme holográfico seccionasse a imagem. Isto permite que o leitor abra um livro de poemas holográficos e o poema propriamente dito esteja flutuando no ar a 50 cm de distância da página, por exemplo. Sim, porque a holo- grafia pode ser impressa com grandes tiragens e baixo custo — o que fará dela indubitavelmente a forma de impressão do futuro. Ao conceber o poema, o poeta deve estudar todas as possibilidades combi- natórias entre as letras (objetos tridimensionais) e os ângulos de visão do especta- dor (paralaxe), que se norteiam vertical e horizontalmente. Ou seja, o layout de um holopoema se constitui da formulação das diversas formas de percepcão que o espectador terá, levando-se em consideração o grau da paralaxe do holograma. Neste sentido, surge uma nova sintaxe visual que, em oposição ao branco mallarmaico, articula o poema a partir de volumes invisíveis, buracos negros tridi- mensionais. É por esta razão que o poema adquire independência do suporte e, pensando ainda em termos de imagem real, permite que o espectador passe a mão entre a página e a sua projeção holográfica. 2 Digo “espectador” no lugar de “leitor” porque o poema desencadeia uma decodificação perceptual incomum. O poeta também não “escreve”; ele cria o design, esculpe a matriz e holografa o objeto. No lugar da caneta, da máquina de escrever, ou da Letraset, o laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation). Meu primeiro poema holográfico foi realizado em dezembro de 83, com Fernando Eugênio Catta-Preta, em seu laboratório, em São Paulo. O anagrama paronomástico HOLO/OLHO foi holografado (caixa alta, corpos grandes e pequenos) quatro, cinco vezes. Depois criei uma espécie de holocollage, fragmen- tando e remontando as quatro imagens pseudoscópicas do poema. A imagem pseu- doscópica é o avesso da imagem que reproduz o objeto assim como foi holografa- do (ou imagem ortoscópica). Desta forma, o poema é a interpenetracão tridimensional das palavras esculpidas em luz. Cada fragmento é concebido simetricamente a formar uma leitura em círculo: as duas palavras possuem quatro letras e as duas primeiras letras de “OLHO” (corpos pequenos) formam “olho” com as duas primeiras letras de “HOLO” e as duas últimas formam “holo” com as duas últimas de “HOLO” (corpos grandes). Isto sem falar na iconizacão dos dois pares de “O”, que sugerem ideograficamente os olhos humanos. Através de uma instalação com luminárias é possivel fazer com que as letras fiquem em movimento constante (holokineticismo), enquanto o espectador pode, se quiser, permanecer parado e observar o comportamento do poema. As possibilldades, enfim, são infinitas. Mesmo diante das evidências, ainda há os que criticam ceticamente a electronic art e que pensam que a holografia é apenas um modismo. Mas ela é uma realidade e não veio para trazer messianicamente respostas. O poeta do sécu- lo XXI trabalha a linguagem holográfica e busca perguntas. O que ele quer ninguém sabe. A poesia é um enigma tridimensional. Holo/Olho (1983), by Kac and Catta-Preta. Originally published in the catalogue of VII Salão Nacional de Artes Plásticas, 1984, Museu de Arte Moderna, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 43-44. 3 Poesia Holográfica: a ruptura fotônica Eduardo Kac Se a prensa tipográfica foi inventada no século XV, e a poética dela origi- nada no fim do século XIX e no XX, a holografia surgiu, conceitualmente, em 1948, através do Prêmio Nobel de física (1971) Dr.
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