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University of Chattanooga Bulletin

Volume I. No. 1 April, 1921

Issued quarterly. Application pending to be entered as second-class matter at the post-office at Chattanooga, Tenn.

ANNUAL CATALOG, 1920-1921

WITH ANNOUNCEMENTS FOR 1921-1922

CINCINNATI THE ABINGDON PRESS 1921

TRUSTEES

FOR TERM EXPIRING JUNE, 1921 AT J. D. WALSH, D.D Chattanooga Y- REV. W. K. HARRIS Knoxville % J. W. FISHER, ESQ Newport BISHOP T. S. HENDERSON, D.D., LL.D Detroit, Mich. X M. S. ROBERTS, M.D Knoxville * W. E. BROCK, ESQ Chattanooga BISHOP FREDERICK D. LEETE, D.D., LL.D Indianapolis, Ind. C. N. WOODWORTH, ESQ Chattanooga GEORGE F. LOCKMILLER, ESQ Athens B. M. MARTIN, D.D Athens E. C. WAREING, D.D , Cincinnati, Ohio J. W. RAWLINGS Atlanta, Ga.

FOR TERM EXPIRING JUNE, 1922 *««*» WILLIAM BANFIELD, ESQ Follansbee, W. Va. MRS. JOHN A. PATTEN Chattanooga BISHOP F. M. BRISTOL, D.D., LL.D Chattanooga Z. C. PATTEN, JR., ESQ Chattanooga JOHN W. BAYLESS, ESQ Athens HERMAN FERGER, ESQ Chattanooga JOHN H. RACE, D.D., LL.D Cincinnati, Ohio Z. W. WHELAND, ESQ Chattanooga J. T. LUPTON, ESQ Chattanooga GEORGE L. HARDWICK, ESQ Cleveland J. W. BISHOP Chattanooga J. O. CARDER Atlanta, Ga.

FOR TERM EXPIRING JUNE, 1923

BISHOP THOMAS NICHOLSON, D.D., LL.D Chicago, Illinois MORROW CHAMBERLAIN, ESQ Chattanooga HON. M. M. ALLISON Chattanooga J. A. GRIGSBY, ESQ White Horn HON. T. C. THOMPSON, LL.D Chattanooga T- HON. H. CLAY EVANS, LL.D Chattanooga C. H. HUSTON, ESQ Chattanooga JOHN S. FLETCHER, M.A Chattanooga HON. J. A. FOWLER, LL.D Knoxville FRED W. HIXSON, D.D., LL.D Meadville, Pa.

R. P. PURSE ; Chattanooga F. S. UNDERWOOD Chattanooga OFFICERS OF THE BOARD

T. S. HENDERSON President C. H. HUSTON Vice-President J. A. FOWLER Second Vice-President H. FERGER Secretary M. CHAMBERLAIN Treasurer

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

C. H. HUSTON, Chairman Z. C. PATTEN, JR. F. M. BRISTOL W. E. BROCK M. CHAMBERLAIN J. W. BAYLESS F. W. HIXSON Z. W. WHELAND J. S. FLETCHER, Secretary

TRUSTEES, ENDOWMENT FUND W. E. BROCK Term Expires 1921 J. S. FLETCHER Term Expires 1922 Z. W. WHELAND Term Expires 1923

S*l THE COLLEGE

CHATTANOOGA TENNESSEE CALENDAR 1920 SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 1 2 .. 12 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 S 6 7 8 9 10 11 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 .. 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 28 29 30 26 27 28 29 30 31 .. 31 CALENDAR 1921 JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL S M T W T F S 5 M T W T F S 1 .... 12 3 4 5 .... 12 3 4 5 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 27 28 27 28 29 30 31 .. .. 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 30 31 MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 12 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 1 2 12 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 S 6 7 8 9 10 11 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 29 30 31 26 27 28 29 30 . . 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 1 2 3 1 .. .. 12 3 4 5 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 27 28 29 30 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 30 31

I CALENDAR 1922 JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL

12 3 4 5 6 7 12 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 29 30 31 26 27 28 26 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S .. 12 3 4 5 6 12 3 1 .... 12 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 IS 16 17 18 19 20 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 30 31 25 26 27 28 29 30 .. 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 27 28 29 30 31 .. 30 31 SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 1 2 12 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 29 30 31 26 27 28 29 30 .. 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 COLLEGE CALENDAR—1921-1922 1921—September 19, 20, Monday and Tuesday, matriculation and registra­ tion. September 20, Tuesday, 10 A. M., matriculation address, Patten Chapel. September 21, Wednesday, 8 A. M., class sessions begin. September 24, Saturday, 7.30 P. M., reception to new students by Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. October 1, Saturday, Mountain Day. October 22, Saturday, end of first quiz period. October 24, Monday, 8 p. M., Sophomore Party, Gymnasium. November 19, Saturday, end of second quiz period. November 24, Thursday, Thanksgiving Recess. December 17, Saturday, end of third quiz period. December 22, Thursday, 12 M., Christmas recess begins. 1922—January 2, Monday, 8 A. M., class sessions resumed. January 13, Friday, 8 p. M., Freshman Party, Gymnasium. January 23, Monday, 8 A. M., mid-year examinations begin. January 28, Saturday, 12 M., mid-year examinations end. January 30, Monday, Registration for second semester. January 31, Tuesday, 8 A. M., class sessions resumed. February 2, Thursday, Day of Prayer for Colleges. February 13, Monday, last day to hand in orations for Patten Contest. March 1, Wednesday, 10 A. M., Patten Contest in oratory, Patten Chapel. March 4, Saturday, end of first quiz period. April 1, Saturday, end of second quiz period. April 14, Friday, to April 19, Wednesday (inclusive), Easter recess and Junior Festivities. May 2, Tuesday, 10 A. M., Chattanooga Savings Bank Contest in debate, Patten Chapel. May 6, Saturday, end of third quiz period. May 12, Friday, 8 P. M., intercollegiate debate, Patten Chapel. May 19, Friday, 8 P. M., Senior farewell party. May 29, Monday, to June 4, Saturday, final examinations. June 3, Saturday, Class Day. June 4, Sunday, 10.30 A. M., Baccalaureate Sermon, Patten Chapel. June 5, Monday, annual meeting of Board of Trustees; commencement exercises.

THE FACULTY

FRANK FINLEY HOOPER, A.M. DEAN ACTING PRESIDENT Professor of Mathematics A.B., University of Chattanooga, 1897; A.M., University of Wiscon­ sin, 1910; graduate work, Cornell University; Professor of Mathematics, Pritchett College, Missouri; Assistant in Mathematics, University of Wis­ consin; present chair since 1904; Dean since 1919; Acting President since 1920.

WESLEY WATSON HOOPER, A.M., D.D. Professor of Philosophy and Education A.B. and A.M., Ohio Wesleyan University; Professor of Physics and Chemistry, Chattanooga University, 1886-1893; Professor of Philosophy, University of Chattanooga, 1893-1904; Professor of Ethics and Economics, University of Chattanooga, 1904-1910; Dean, 1904-1918; present chair since 1910. CARLOS EVERETT CONANT, PH.D. SECRETARY OF THE FACULTY Professor of Modern Languages A.B., Lawrence College, 1892; A.M., ibid., 1899; Ph.D., University of Chicago, 1911; graduate student, University of Minnesota, 1892-1893; Uni­ versity of Leipzig, 1907; University of Chicago, 1910-1911; present position since 1908. JOHN WILLIAM EDWARDS, A.M. Professor of Chemistry B.S., Ohio Wesleyan University, 1895; A.M., Tufts College, 1897; Assistant in Chemistry, Tufts College, 1896-1897; Instructor, Ohio Wes­ leyan University, 1898; Professor of Chemistry, Iowa Wesleyan College, 1898-1918; present position since 1918.

MAY ALICE ALLEN, PH.D. DEAN OP WOMEN Professor of Greek and Latin A.B., Smith College, 1901; Ph.D., Yale University, 1908; Professor of Latin and Greek, Hood College, 1903-1905; Instructor in Latin and Greek, Capen School, 1909-1915; Instructor in Latin, Barston School, 1915-1919; present position since 1919. 9 10 The College

DAVID WILLIAM CORNELIUS, PH.D. Professor of Physics A.B., DePauw University, 1906; Assistant in Physics, DePauw Uni­ versity, 1905-1906; Assistant Instructor in Physics, Purdue University, 1906- 1908; Assistant Instructor in Physics and graduate student, University of California, 1908-1910; Fellow, 1910-1912, and Ph.D., 1912, University of Illinois; Professor of Physics and Engineering, Ottawa University, 1912-1913; Acting Assistant Professor of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, 1913-1915; Research, University of Wisconsin, summer 1915; Instructor in Physics, and Radiographer for University Hospital, University of Missouri, 1915-1917; Professor of Physics, Alma College, 1917-1920; Instructor in Physics, University of Michigan, summer, 1920; present position since 1920.

NATHANIEL EDWARD GRIFFIN, PH.D. Professor of English A.B., Johns Hopkins University, 1894; Ph. D., ibid., 1899; Instructor in English, University of Iowa, 1899-1900; Professor of English, Wells College, 1900-1903; Assistant Professor of English, Princeton University, 1905-1919; Lecturer, Columbia University, 1909-1911; Assistant Professor of English, University of Chicago, summer, 1917; Professorial Lecturer in English, University of Minnesota, 1919-1920; present position since 1920.

EARL KILBURN KLINE, M.A. Professor of Modern Languages A.B., University of Oklahoma, 1906; Rhodes Scholar; B. A., Oxford, England, 1910; M.A., ibid.., 1913; graduate student, University of Gcettingen, 1910-1912; University of Leipzig, 1912-1913; University of Illinois, 1915-1916; Instructor, University of Kansas, 1913-1914; Instructor, University of Illinois, 1915-1916; Professor of Modern Languages, University of Wyoming, 1916- 1920; present position since 1920.

WYMAN REED GREEN, PH.D. Professor of Biology A.B. and A.M., University of Kansas, 1911; Ph.D., University of Chicago, 1919; Assistant Professor of Biology, Northwestern State Normal School, 1907-1908; Instructor in Zoology, Carleton College, 1914-1919; Instructor in Zoology, Northwestern University, 1919-1920; present position since 1920.

EDITH ELLEN WARE, PH.D. Professor of History and Social Sciences A.B., Goucher College, 1905; A.M., Columbia University, 1908; Ph.D., Columbia University, 1916; Instructor in History, Smith College, 1914-1919; Lecturer in History, Bryn Mawr College, 1919-1920; present position since 1920. The Faculty 11

HARRY HARRISON YOUNG, TH.D. Professor of Religious Education and Public Speaking and Lec­ turer on Theistic and Christian Evidences on the Danforth Foundation A.B., Albion College, 1912; Mus.B. and A.M., ibid., 1913; S.T.B., Garrett Biblical Institute, 1915; graduate student, University of Chicago Divinity School, one term, 1915; Th.D., Drew Theological Seminary, 1918; Associate Professor of Public Speaking, City College of New York, and Pastor West Side Methodist Church, New York City, 1918-1919; graduate guest student, Union Theological Seminary and Bible Teachers' Training School, New York, 1919; present position since 1920.

NITA MARIE TANSEY, A.B. LIBRARIAN A.B., University of Chattanooga, 1918; Acting Librarian, 1918-1920; present position since 1920.

MRS. L. M. RUSSELL, A.M. Extension Lecturer in Education Pd.B. and Pd.M., New York State College for Teachers; A.B., University of Chattanooga; A.M., Columbia University; graduate work University of Chicago; teacher in Alabama State Normal School, Middle Tennessee Normal and Georgetown University.

MARY HETHERINGTON MACKINLEY Extension Lecturer in Education Tennessee State Life Certificate, 1896; student at Peabody College for Teachers, University of Chattanooga, and Columbia University.

SILAS WILLIAMS, A.M. Coach A.B., Sewanee, 1909; A.M., Sewanee, 1910; LL.B., Harvard Law School, 1913; Sewanee Foot-Ball Team, 1905-1909; All-Star Team, Harvard Law School, 1913.

WILLIAM VINCENT JARRATT Instructor in Physical Education

LONNIE MAE NORTON, A.B. Instructor in Physical Education A.B., Virginia College. 12 The College

IRVINE WALTER GROTE Assistant in Chemistry

WILBUR FAYNE REYNOLDS Assistant in Chemistry

JOHN TURNER SAUNDERS Assistant in Physics

VIVIAN BROWNE Assistant in Mathematics

JOHN HOCKINGS Superintendent of Buildings and Grounds

STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE FACULTY

1. ADVANCED STANDING.—D. W. Cornelius, W. W. Hooper, C. E. Conant. 2. ATHLETICS.—J. W. Edwards, D. W. Cornelius, H. H. Young, L. Norton. 3. CATALOGUE.—C. E. Conant. 4. DEGREES.—F. F. Hooper, E. E. Ware, M. A. Allen. 5. DISCIPLINE.—M. A. Allen, W. W. Hooper, C. E. Conant, W. R. Green. 6. LABORATORIES.—J. W. Edwards, D. W. Cornelius, W. R. Green. 7. LIBRARY.—N. E. Griffin, N. M. Tansey, E. E. Ware. 8. LITERARY EVENTS.—H. H. Young, N. E. Griffin, M. A. Allen. 9. MATRICULATION.—D. W. Cornelius, E. K. Kline, M. A. Allen. 10. SOCIAL EVENTS.—L. Norton, E. E. Ware, W. R. Green, J. W. Edwards, E. K. Kline. 11. STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS.—C. E. Conant, W. W. Hooper, H. H. Young, E. E. Ware. 12. STUDENT PUBLICATIONS.—N. E. Griffin, C. E. Conant. 13. TERMS OF ADMISSION, CURRICULUM, AND ELECTIVES.—F. F. Hooper, W. W. Hooper, D. W. Cornelius, E. K. Kline. John Storrs Fletcher Library University of Chattanooga

GENERAL INFORMATION

HISTORY The University of Chattanooga is the successor of two older institutions: East Tennessee Wesleyan University, established at Athens, Tennessee, in 1866, and Chattanooga University, estab­ lished in Chattanooga in 1886. Both these institutions being under the auspices of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and only fifty miles apart, in the natural course of events a consolidation was effected. A complete reorganization took place in 1903. Under date of November 6th in that year, the State of Tennessee chartered the institution of the present name, with authority vested in a self-perpetuating Board of Trustees. The college opened under this grant of power in September, 1904. The departments at Athens, after a like complete reorganization, retained relation­ ship as a preparatory and normal school of high standards. Al­ though in no narrow sense denominational, the college is, in all that the words imply, a Christian college. Non-sectarian in its government, its faculty, and its clientele, it is none the less firmly committed to the belief that only through allegiance to the prin­ ciples of Christian education can the highest ideals be attained. Since the reorganization, the institution has experienced a notable increase in its plant and endowment. In 1906, $200,000 was raised for endowment. In 1912, $500,000 was raised, of which $300,000 was added to endowment and $200,000 expended for buildings and equipment. The present assets amount to $1,172,338. The University of Chattanooga is a member of the Associa­ tion of Colleges and secondary schools of the Southern States.

LOCATION The college is peculiarly fortunate in its location. Within the district directly contributory to the city, amply provided with railway facilities, are more than a million people. This territory, of which Chattanooga is the natural metropolis, is one of the wealthiest in the South. On the basis of its quotas for the recent Liberty Loans, Hamilton County alone contains one-tenth of one 13 14 The College per cent of the total wealth of the country. This prosperity is due to the signal commercial rise and development of the section, a development as substantial as it has been rapid, and steadily continuing. The growth of the city, with its constant throwing out and subsequent absorption of new suburbs, may serve as an index of the general expansion. In 1900 the population of the city and environs was estimated at 65,000. The present popula­ tion of Greater Chattanooga is estimated at 110,000. In addition to its manufacturing and other business activities, Chattanooga enjoys also unusual advantages of climate, scenery, and historic interest. The mildness of the winters offers much at­ traction to those who would escape the rigors of the North. In summer the outlying heights afford a place of most comfortable residence. The valley in which the city lies is almost wholly en­ circled by imposing mountains, and through it winds the Tennes­ see River, which near the city sweeps into the graceful and justly celebrated Moccasin Bend. To these mountains a marked historic significance attaches by reason of their having been the scene of a number of the major operations of the Civil War, among them the battles of Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge. Thousands of tourists are annually attracted here. Naturally a city of Chattanooga's size offers decided benefits of a cultural nature. There is a group of secondary schools, both public and private, of great excellence. Opportunities abound for hearing the leading preachers, lecturers, publicists, and musicians* of the day. Students are constantly brought in contact with the best in our modern life. The atmosphere is stimulating, whole­ some, and typically American. The campus of the college is situated in one of the best resi­ dential portions of the city, within easy reach, by the electric car- lines passing through it, of all the points of interest, and so ele­ vated as to command a comprehensive view of the city and its environs. GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS The college campus comprises thirteen acres. The buildings at present completed number seven, all in complete architectural harmony. A number of other buildings, planned by the same ar- * Attention is especially called to the concerts and recitals offered by the Chattanooga Music Club. Grounds and Buildings 15 chitect, are projected, and will be erected as soon as the necessary funds can be secured. The plant of the college, already one of the best in the South, will be unexcelled in the country when the pro­ posed additions are made. The Administration and Library Building is the first of a group of Collegiate Gothic buildings erected on the south cam­ pus. It is approached by a private parkway connecting McCallie Avenue and Oak Street. The first floor provides a complete series of administrative offices. The second floor affords housing for the library, with a commodious, well-lighted reading room, a refer­ ence room, an office, and a stack room. The library contains 11,000 bound volumes and about 3,000 pamphlets.

University Hall, connected by a cloister with the Adminis­ tration Building, is a handsome structure, recently completed. The basement provides an attractive, well-lighted recreation room and lavatories. The first floor is occupied by lecture rooms and professors' offices. The second floor contains two complete suites of three rooms each for the women's Societies, and also the newly-equipped museum. Through the generosity of its founder, the late Mr. P. C. Wilson, the "Chattanooga Museum" was transferred to the col­ lege in April, 1914. The museum contains many curios from Japan, China, and other foreign countries; Civil War and Indian relics; minerals, shells, corals, stuffed birds and animals; bio­ logical and geological charts; and many other articles of value and interest. Captain J. B. Nicklin, of this city, has also placed on exhibition with the museum his large private collection of Indian and Civil War relics, and Professor C. E. Conant has added his Philippine collection.

The Laboratory Building, located on the northeast corner of the campus, is a substantial brick and stone structure, three stories in height, not including the basement; it is fitted for both electricity and gas, and possesses all modern sanitary equipment. The structure is practically fireproof. The entire first floor is occupied by the physics department; the second by chemistry, and the third by biology. These science departments have re­ cently added materially to their equipment, purchases in the past year amounting to over $6,000. 16 The College

Science Hall, now under roof, is a replica in exterior of University Hall. It is 150x50 feet, two stories high. A corridor running through its full length connects Middle Tower with the cloister leading to Patten Chapel. It will house the Physics de­ partment, which will be provided with a large general laboratory, laboratories for advanced light and heat, a dynamo and electric laboratory, apparatus rooms, dark room, store room, storage bat­ tery room, shop, a professor's office with adjoining private labora­ tory, a lecture room with raised seats, drafting room with north light, and a large lecture room, seating 250, for the use of the various science departments. The John A. Patten Memorial Chapel, the gift of Mrs. John A. Patten and members of her family, is connected by cloister with Science Hall. In the dignity of its lines and the elegance of its appointments, it is one of the most beautiful college chapels in the country. The transepts accommodate the student Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. The Tower, which carries its full size to a height of more than eighty feet, is one of the striking and most prominent features of the skyline of the city. The interior walls are of purplish gray, sandface brick, with stone trimmings. The floors of the chancel and aisles are of pottery tile. An organ of adequate capacity has been installed. The furniture is consonant with the Gothic lines of the building. The fifteen stained-glass windows portray a wide range of Biblical and ecclesiastical symbolism. The Gymnasium, 105x95 feet, affords ample facilities for women as well as for men. It contains offices, rooms for visiting teams, two lecture halls, a hand-ball court, a kitchen, showers, lockers, one of the fastest basket-ball floors anywhere to be found, and balconies to accommodate spectators. The gymnasium is fully stocked with the usual apparatus. The President's House, the gift of the citizens of Chatta­ nooga, is a well-planned structure in the Dutch Colonial style, situated on the southwest campus, at the corner of Oak and Douglas Streets. Chamberlain Field, located on the college property in the heart of the city, is adapted to every form of athletics. It contains Social and Literary Events 17 football and baseball grounds, tennis courts, running track, bleachers, and grandstand.

RELIGIOUS LIFE The religious life of the college is healthy and active, and all agencies tending to promote it are given every possible encour­ agement. Attendance at the chapel exercises is required. The students maintain branches of the Young Men's Christian Asso­ ciation and the Young Women's Christian Association, each of which holds a regular weekly devotional service, in addition to the meeting of its study groups. All students are urged to identify themselves with one or the other of these organizations. Through the courtesy of the Secretary and the Board of Di­ rectors of the city Young Men's Christian Association, its bathing and reading-room facilities may be utilized by the non-resident men students of the college on payment of a nominal fee to the Dean, who will issue the proper certificate. The Young Women's Christian Association of the city also offers all the privileges of its organization to the non-resident women students.

SOCIAL AND LITERARY EVENTS On the college calendar will be found listed a number of annual events, such as Mountain Day, the Sophomore Party, the Fresh­ man Party, the Junior Festivities, and the Senior Party. In addition to these, a number of other social events are initiated by the students. The college believes that a very valuable phase of educa­ tion is the stimulation of contact with the prominent speakers, scholars, and public men of the day. To this end the University Lyceum was organized. A course of from ten to fifteen numbers of the highest order is annually presented in the Patten Me­ morial Chapel. Subscription to the Lyceum course, which is open to all citizens of the community at five dollars, is offered to students at a nominal fee.

STUDENT ACTIVITIES In addition to the Christian Associations previously men­ tioned, the students maintain a number of other organizations. The Student Assembly is the organ of self-government. While 18 The College

disciplinary matters are in the hands of the faculty, the Assembly has a wide scope of activities. The Student Council is a body composed of the president of the Student Assembly and the presidents of the four college classes. It serves in an advisory capacity in the initiation of student activities. "Cap and Bells" is the college dramatic club. Its productions are events in the life not only of the college, but of the city. In 1920-1921 it presented "The Tempest." The Debate Forum holds a membership in the Tennessee De­ bate League. Contests are annually conducted with Vanderbilt and the University of the South, the other members of the league. Kappa Chi is a literary society for women. It has a well- appointed suite in University Hall. Emanon is a literary society for men. Delta Chi and Phi Delta Sigma are local societies for men; Chi Omega, a national sorority, maintains a chapter, and Alpha Sigma Phi is a local society for women. PUBLICATIONS The students maintain two publications, "The Echo," a semi­ monthly newspaper, and an annual, "The Moccasin." ATHLETICS The University of Chattanooga is a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association. By virtue of such member­ ship and the fact that it has one of the finest gymnasiums in the South, it competes with the best Universities in this region. The institution adheres to the eligibility rules of the association and stands for clean athletics. EXPENSES Considering the advantages offered, expenses are very reason­ able. Habits of students, of course, have much to do with cost of living. The following carefully prepared table should enable a prospective student accurately to estimate his expenses:

Low Medium High Tuition 1100 00 $100 00 $100 00 Incidental Fee 25 00 25 00 25 00 Room Rent 72 00 108 00 144 00 Expenses 19

Low Medium High Board 180 00 216 00 252 00 Laundry 8 00 10 00 12 00 Books 15 00 20 00 30 00

Total $400 00 $479 00 $563 00 No refund of fees will be made to students withdrawing from college after the second quiz period of a semester. In the case of students who withdraw before the end of the second quiz period on account of illness, a refund of one-half the semester fees may be made. Sons and daughters of regularly ordained clergymen of the various evangelical denominations, and candidates for the min­ istry of the Methodist Episcopal Church are exempt from pay­ ment of tuition. They must, however, pay all the other college fees. Students in laboratory courses are required to pay the follow­ ing laboratory fees: Chemistry, 1 and 2 $8 00 per semester. Chemistry, 3, 4, 7, 8 10 00 per course. Physics, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 3 00 per semester. Biology, 1 and 2 5 00 per semester. In addition to the above, a breakage fee of $3.00 is paid by all students in Chemistry, Physics, and Biology courses. Tuition, incidental and laboratory fees must be paid by the semester in advance. A fee of $10.00 is charged for diploma. A limited number of scholarships is awarded each year to honor graduates of the preparatory and high schools within the contributory area. A few other scholarships may be awarded each year in consideration of services rendered at the institution to the extent of four hours a week. The city affords varied opportunities for self-help. Many students earn from $5.00 to $20.00 a week by soliciting for, or de­ livering, daily papers. Others earn expenses by clerking in mer­ cantile establishments on Saturdays and during vacations. The Board of Education of the Methodist Episcopal Church annually renders, through its loan fund, a certain amount of aid to worthy students. Applications for this aid should be made to the Dean. 20 The College

PRIZES The Patten Prizes in Oratory were established by the late John A. Patten, long a valued member of the Board of Trustees. An annual contest is held, the date of which is listed in the cal­ endar for the college year. This contest is open to both men and women. Written copies of the orations to be delivered must be in the hands of the English department not later than two weeks before the contest. First prize, $15.00; second prize, $10.00. The Chattanooga Savings Bank Prizes in Debate are two, of $12.50 each. An affirmative and a negative team are chosen by competition to debate some public question. The prizes are awarded to the two debaters, irrespective of sides, whom the judges of the contest consider to have excelled. The English Prize of $25.00, the gift of an anonymous friend of the college, is awarded each year to the student who excels in the work of the English Department. REQUIREMENTS FOR ADMISSION Students are classified as regular, or special, according to the terms of their matriculation. Regular students are fully matriculated candidates for a de­ gree. Full matriculation can be accomplished on the presenta­ tion of not less than 15 units, as defined by the Carnegie Founda­ tion, from an accredited preparatory or high school. A detailed statement regarding units will be found on pages 21-22. Special students are those who are not in candidacy for a de­ gree. Upon satisfying the Dean of their fitness, such persons may be admitted to certain of the college courses, under the same re­ strictions as apply to regular students in those courses. No per­ son under eighteen years of age, and no resident of Hamilton County, Tennessee, under twenty-one years of age who has not completed a four-year preparatory or high-school course, will be admitted as a special student. All other candidates for admission must be at least sixteen years old, and must present certificates of good moral character, preferably from their last school or instructor. Candidates com­ ing from other colleges must present letters of honorable dis­ missal. By their applications for admission, candidates are con­ sidered to have pledged themselves to comply with all regula­ tions of the college authorities. Requirements for Admission 21

Candidates must file the certificates of their high-school work, or their statements of credits, with the Registrar on or before regis­ tration day. The 15 units required for full matriculation are distributed as follows: A. For admission to the A.B. Course: 6^ units required, as follows: English 3 units Mathematics 2% units History 1 unit 6 Ya units 4 units of Foreign Language, to be made up as follows: Latin 4 units or Latin 2 units and one of the following: I Greek 2 units ' German 2 units French 2 units ^ Spanish 2 units 4 units

4^ units optional, to be selected from the following: History 1 to 3 units Greek 1 to 4 units German 1 to 4 units French 1 to 4 units Spanish 1 to 2 units English 1 unit Latin 1 unit Mathematics V/% units *Science 1 to 2 units 4}^ units 15 units B. For admission to the B.S. Course: lYi units required, as follows: English 3 units Mathematics 2J^ units History 1 unit Science 1 unit 7Ji units

* In all courses where certificates cover laboratory courses in Science, the candidates must present their laboratory notebooks with their other cre­ dentials. 22 The College

2 units of a Foreign Language, to be selected from the fol­ lowing: French 2 units German 2 units Latin 2 units Spanish 2 units 2 units

5^ units optional, to be selected from the following: History 1 to 3 units German 1 to 3 units French. 1 to 3 units Spanish 1 to 2 units English :... . 1 unit Latin 1 to 3 units Mathematics 1 Y units *Science 1 to 3 units 5Y units

15 units On the approval of the matriculation committee, one or two units of Foreign Language or Science other than those specified may be accepted. A maximum of two units in other subjects as approved and defined by the Association of Colleges and Sec­ ondary Schools of the Southern States may also be accepted. In so far as they cover the units above prescribed, and meet the requirements set by the College Entrance Board of Examiners and approved by the Association of American Colleges and by the Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools of the Southern States, the certificates of accredited secondary schools will be accepted by the college. The certificates of secondary schools outside the area of the Southern Association will be accepted only if such schools are on the accredited lists of the College Associations in whose territories they he. Candidates other than those from accredited schools may be ad­ mitted on two months' probation. The term unit, which has been used in the foregoing pages, is the basis of measurement of preparatory and high-school work adopted by the Carnegie Foundation. A unit represents a sub-

* In all courses where certificates cover laboratory courses in Science, the candidates must present their laboratory notebooks with their other cre­ dentials. Requirements for Admission 23 ject pursued in a secondary school for a period of thirty-six weeks with five 40-minute periods a week, or the equivalent.

ADVANCED STANDING Candidates who have taken part of the college course in col­ leges which are members of the Southern Association or other Associations of like standards, will be admitted to advanced stand­ ing on presentation of satisfactory credentials of character and scholarship. No one, however, will be granted a degree by the college unless he has been in residence at least one year. Candidates coming from institutions which offer some but not full college work, and seeking credit for college courses pursued in such institutions, will be required to stand such examinations by the head of each department in which credit is sought as will indicate clearly the advisability of granting the credit.

REQUIREMENTS FOR DEGREES The college offers courses of study leading to the degrees of bachelor of arts and bachelor of science. For the attainment of either degree, the student is required to complete at least 126 semester hours. To secure proper correlation of the students' programs, the college has divided the subjects offered in its curriculum into three groups, as indicated by the accompanying table, and has formu­ lated certain requirements to be met in each group, as detailed in the discussion following the table. Ordinarily, satisfaction of these requirements entails 80 to 90 hours.

Group-Table Group I— Group II— Group III—- Greek English Astronomy Latin Philosophy Biology French Education Engineering Spanish Bible Chemistry German History Mathematics Sociology Physics Political Science Economics 24 The College Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts For the attainment of the degree of Bachelor of Arts, the student is required to complete at least 126 semester hours, with the following group distribution: 1. Group 1.—For a student admitted with 4 entrance units of foreign language, 4 one-year courses. For a student admitted with 6 entrance units of foreign lan­ guage, 3 one-year courses. For a student admitted with 8 units of foreign language, 2 one-year courses. For the first year after admission, 2 foreign language courses are prescribed, one of which must be Latin or Greek. If only 2 units of Latin are offered for admission, 2 college years of Latin or Greek are required. 2. Group 2.—At least the following courses: English, 1, 2, 3, 4; Political Science, 1; Philosophy, 3 and 8; and Bible, 1 or 2; History, 1 and 2. English 1 and 2 must be taken in the first year. 3. Group 3.—Two one-year courses, at least one of which must be a laboratory science. 4. The student is required to complete three one-year courses in one subject, and two one-year courses in another subject of the same group. 5. The remaining hours may be elected freely from the three groups.

ILLUSTRATIVE COURSES FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ARTS I French Professor Kline, Adviser Course leading to the A.B. degree, major work in French, planned for those offering French for entrance. For those offer­ ing two units, it would be advisable to take French 3-4 in the Freshman year and continue in regular sequence. For those offering 4 units, take 5-6 in the Freshman year and continue. Requirements for Degrees 25

For those wishing to do major work in any other language the substitution of the courses in that language for French in this outline would fulfill all requirements. FRESHMAN YEAR French English Latin Science SOPHOMORE YEAR French English Latin or Greek History Political Science JUNIOR YEAR French Philosophy Science Eleetives

SENIOR YEAR •French Bible Eleetives

II Education Professor W. W. Hooper, Adviser Course leading to the A.B. degree, major work in Education, planned for those offering Latin for entrance. For those offering 2 units, Latin 1-2, or Greek 1-2, must be taken in the Freshman year and either Latin 3-4 or Greek 3-4 in the Sophomore year. Those who present four units of Latin for entrance may take either Latin 3-4, or Greek 1-2.

FRESHMAN YEAR Latin or Greek French, Spanish, or German English Education Philosophy SOPHOMORE YEAR Latin or Greek French, Spanish, or German English Education Elective JUNIOR YEAR History Science Education Philosophy Elective SENIOR YEAR Science Education Elective

*(N. B.—If French 7-8 are not taken in the Senior year, then another language course should be begun in the Junior year and continued through the Senior year in order to complete the required amount of Language.) 26 The College

III English Professor Griffin, Adviser Course leading to the A.B. degree, major work in English, planned for those who present 4 units of Latin for entrance. FRESHMAN YEAR Foreign Languages English Science SOPHOMORE YEAR Foreign Languages English Science JUNIOR YEAR History Philosophy Political Science Bible English Elective SENIOR YEAR English Elective

Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science For the attainment of the degree of Bachelor of Science, the student is required to complete at least 126 semester hours, with the following group distribution: 1. Group 1.—A student admitted with 4 units of any single foreign language is required to take one more year of that lan­ guage or two years of either French or German. A student admitted with 2 units of a foreign language is re­ quired to take two years of either French or German. 2. Group 2.—At least the following courses: English 1, 2; History 1 and 2; Political Science 1; Philosophy 3 and 8; and Bible 1 or 2. English 1 and 2 must be taken in the first year. 3. Group 3.—At least 6 one-year courses, including Mathe­ matics 1 and 2. Mathematics 1 and 2 must be taken in the first year. 4. A student is required to complete at least 3 one-year courses in one subject, and at least 2 one-year courses in another subject of Group 3. 5. The remaining hours may be elected freely from the three groups. Requirements for Degrees 27

ILLUSTRATIVE COURSES FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE Suggested Outline of Courses for Students Majoring in Biology, Physics, or Chemistry The following outlines provide introductory and advanced courses in the sciences: Biology, Physics, Chemistry, and in those other subjects that are essential to a broad scientific education. Certain courses are required of all candidates for the B.S. degree; others are elective. The eleetives are chosen by the student under such restrictions as to insure a well-balanced training. The following arrangement and sequence of courses is recom­ mended for the candidates for the Bachelor of Science degree in Biology, Physics, or Chemistry: I Biology Professor Green, Adviser

FRESHMAN YEAR Biology Modern Language Mathematics English SOPHOMORE YEAR Biology Modern Language *Electives: Preferably a science (Physics, Applied Physics, Chemistry, Astronomy, Mathematics), or Mechanical Drawing, History, English.

JUNIOR YEAR Biology *Electives: Preferably a science (Physics, Applied Physics, Chemistry, Astronomy, Mathematics), or Mechanical Drawing, History, Modern Language, Education, Bible.

SENIOR YEAR Biology *Electives: Preferably a science (Physics, Applied Physics, Chemistry, Astronomy, Mathematics), or Modern Language, History, Economics, Education, Psychology, Bible.

*History, Political Science, Philosophy and Bible are required subjects for the degree. •

28 The College

II Physics Professor Cornelius, Adviser FRESHMAN YEAR Physics Mathematics Modern Language English Applied Physics SOPHOMORE YEAR Physics Mathematics Modern Language Mechanical Drawing *Electives: Astronomy, History, English JUNIOR YEAR Physics Chemistry Mathematics *Electives: Astronomy, Modern Language, History, English, Mechanical Drawing, Education, Bible SENIOR YEAR Physics Biology Mathematics *Electives: Astronomy, Mechanical Drawing, History, English, Economics, Education, Psychology, Bible. With slight changes the course will give adequate preparation for teach­ ing both Physics and Mathematics in High Schools. Ill Chemistry Professor Edwards, Adviser FRESHMAN YEAR Chemistry Mathematics Modern Language English Applied Physics SOPHOMORE YEAR Chemistry Physics Modern Language Elective: Astronomy, Mechanical Drawing, Mathematics, History, English JUNIOR YEAR Chemistry Biology *Electives: Preferably a science (Physics, Astronomy, Mathematics), or Modern Language, History, Education, Mechanical Drawing, Bible. SENIOR YEAR Chemistry *Electives: Preferably a science (Physics, Biology, Astronomy, Mathe­ matics), or Modern Language, History, Education, Bible, Psychology, Economics *History, Political Science, Philosophy, and Bible are required subjects for the degree. Requirements for Degrees 29

COMBINED LITERARY-ENGINEERING COURSE Professional study is largely a matter of memory unless the student has a knowledge of those subjects which underlie and give meaning to it. For that reason students are urged to remain the entire four years in the University of Chattanooga before entering an engineering school for professional work. For those who for any reason find it necessary to shorten their years of training, the following schedule is suggested. If this schedule is satisfactorily completed, the student may then enter a high-grade engineering school and receive his degree in Engineering in most cases at the end of two years of work. If necessary, slight varia­ tions in quantity and order of particular courses may be arranged to meet the requirements of the professional school which he expects to enter. Students who complete three years of work in the university, which are considered satisfactory by the faculty, will be given a Bachelor's degree from the University of Chattanooga upon the completion of the first year in a school of engineering approved by the faculty, provided the proper official of that school certifies that at least thirty hours of work have been successfully carried, and provided that the group requirements for the B.S. degree of the University of Chattanooga are satisfied either here or else­ where. Thus the student may be able to receive a Bachelor'% degree as well as his professional degree.

FIVE-YEAR COMBINED LITERARY-ENGINEERING COURSE Professor Cornelius, Adviser As at a number of universities, the first two years of all lines of engineering are the same. FIRST YEAR English Composition and Rhetoric General Physics Mathematics Engineering Drawing SECOND YEAR French or German Mathematics Chemistry Advanced Physics THIRD YEAR Varies for different lines of Engineering 30 The College

THIRD YEAR FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING French or German Mathematics Electrical Measurements •Eleetives: History, Political Science, Bible, etc.

THIRD YEAR FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING French or German Advanced Analytics and Calculus Advanced Physics *Electives: History, Political Science, Philosophy, Bible, etc.

THIRD YEAR FOR MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (Same as for Civil)

THIRD YEAR FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING French or German Advanced Physics Advanced Analytics and Calculus Quantitative Analysis •Elective

COMBINED LITERARY-MEDICAL COURSE Professor Cornelius, Adviser Some of the best medical schools of the country, such as Johns Hopkins, are requiring that the student be a college graduate before entering the medical school for professional work. Other class A medical schools require at least two or three years of col­ lege work before the student enters professional courses. The American Medical Association requires that a student must have at least two years of college work preceding his professional course. Students are urged to remain in the University of Chattanooga the entire four years; but for those who, for lack of time, wish to shorten their course, the following schedule is suggested: Students who complete three years of work in the university will be given a Bachelor's degree from the University of Chatta­ nooga, upon the satisfactory completion of the first year of work in a class A Medical School, and provided that the group require­ ments for the B.S. degree of the University of Chattanooga are satisfied either here or elsewhere By means of this combination a student may be able to work out a Bachelor's degree as well as his professional degree.

•Certain subjects required for a degree. Course in Commerce and Business Administration 31

FIRST YEAR Rhetoric and Composition Chemistry Mathematics or Elective General Physics •Elective . SECOND YEAR French or German Zoology and Botany Advanced Physics •Eleetives THIRD YEAR French or German Organic Chemistry Advanced Zoology •Eleetives: History, Psychology, etc.

COURSE IN COMMERCE AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRA­ TION This course is planned to meet a demand on the part of the larger business organizations for men thoroughly trained not only in the commercial and production side of business enter­ prises, but in the science underlying these phases of business as well. The relation between production, marketing, accounting, and finance is so close that a knowledge of all of them is essential to work in the higher commercial positions related to large busi­ ness undertakings. The earlier years of this course are given to mathematics, fundamental sciences, and to engineering, and the latter years to commercial subjects, such as accounting, finance, marketing, business law, management, and so on. Thus it is intended to prepare students for careers in the commercial world as thoroughly and as broadly as they are trained for work in the various fields of engineering, and to fit them upon graduation to take positions of responsibility in commercial and industrial concerns. We recommend, therefore, that students wishing to pursue a business career take the work as outlined in the first two years of pre-engineering; then follow this foundation of the science of processes and equipment used in modern manufacturing by spe­ cial courses in economics and business.

•Certain courses are required for the degree. 32 The College

CURRICULUM FOR SIX-YEAR COMBINED LITERARY LAW COURSE The first three years of this course may be completed at the University of Chattanooga, and should include courses scheduled below. Students who have completed the work of the three years may enter a law school, and upon the successful completion of one year of work in a law school, acceptable to the faculty of the University of Chattanooga, and provided that the group require­ ments for the Bachelor degree have been satisfied either here or elsewhere, will be granted the Bachelor's degree by the University of Chattanooga. Ordinarily upon the completion of two years of further work students will get their legal degree from the law school. All students that have time are urged to continue and complete their four years of work at the University of Chatta­ nooga; but the combined course allows of some economy of time for those who desire to do so. FIRST YEAR English Composition Foreign Languages Mathematics or Science •Elective SECOND YEAR English Foreign Languages Mathematics or Science •Elective THIRD YEAR History •Elective SCHOLARSHIP AND ATTENDANCE 1. Students are graded by letters whose values are as follows: A 90-100 B 80-90 C 75-80 D 70-75 E 60-70 F Below 60 •It is suggested that the student select as eleetives: History, Political Science, Economics, and Psychology. Scholarship and Attendance 33

2. Students are required to maintain an average of at least 60 per cent in each class in order to remain therein. The passing grade is 70 per cent. Students whose work in any course, in the judgment of the instructor, is markedly deficient, may be required to enroll in tutorial classes under the supervision of the depart­ ment concerned. 3. Each semester is divided into four quiz periods. A student whose average (covering daily work and quiz marks) in any class for any quiz period falls below 60 per cent shall be put on pro­ bation in that subject and be so advised by the Registrar. 4. A student on probation who fails in the next quiz period to attain an average of 65 per cent shall be dropped from the class permanently. 5. Any student who is dropped for the above named reasons or for absences from more than one class shall be dismissed from the college, unless after having been so dropped, he be maintain­ ing an average of 70 per cent in at least ten hours of college work. (A laboratory period shall count as one hour of lecture or rec­ itation.) 6. To remain in college, a student must each year pass half of his courses with a grade of C or better. 7. To participate in extra-curricular activities, such as serv­ ing on the Echo staff, in the cast of a play, in athletics, etc., a student must maintain a passing grade in at least twelve hours of class work per week. 8. Before graduation, each member of the senior class must satisfy the head of the English department as to his ability to write a letter correct in its form, diction, and orthography. 9. Graduation honors are based upon the students' records for the entire four years. The three honors granted are cum laude, magna cum laude, and summa cum laude. 10. A Scholastic Honorary Society, Alpha, membership in which is based on scholarship, has been organized. According to its constitution, "Members of any senior class of the college who shall, at the close of the senior examinations, have an average grade for their entire college course of 85 per cent or better, shall 34 The College

be regarded as a list of eligibles from which members may be elected." Elections are by unanimous vote of the faculty mem­ bers. The Society has a distinctive emblem. 11. Concerning absences the following regulations are in effect: (a) If the number of absences in any one course exceed the number of hours the class meets per week, the student shall be automatically dropped from the class, and can be reinstated only by vote of the faculty on recommendation of the instructor in charge. (b) Three unexcused tardinesses shall be counted as an absence. (c) More than four absences from chapel shall automatically exclude a student from college for the remainder of the semester, and a student so excluded can be reinstated only by vote of the faculty on recommendation of the Dean. (d) An unexcused absence from class or chapel on the day before or the day after a recess, shall count as two absences. 12. Concerning registration and transfer in class-room work the regulations are: (a) Except in the case of candidates for technical schools or of students whose average standing has been as high as B (80 or over) in the preceding semester, no student, unless by special action of the faculty, shall be allowed to take more than sixteen hours a week of class-room work. (b) No transfer in a student's schedule shall be permitted later than one week after the last registration day of the semester except on presentation of a written petition to the Dean and pay­ ment of a fee of one dollar to the Bursar. (c) No credit shall be allowed to any student for a course to which he transfers after the end of the first quiz period as scheduled in the college calendar. (d) No student may carry over eighteen hours of regular work without special permission of the faculty. •"DESCRIPTION OF COURSES

ESTHETICS (See Philosophy)

ASTRONOMY Astronomy 1. General Descriptive Astronomy.—The aim of the course is to give the student a general knowledge of de­ scriptive astronomy. A standard textbook is used, supplemented by illustrative lectures. By means of experiments and the use of the lantern in lectures, it is intended to give the student an ap­ preciation of the phenomena of the universe. 2 hours PROFESSOR CORNELIUS BIBLE Bible 1. History of the Hebrews and Old Testament Literature.—Introductory study of the social, political, and religious history of the Hebrews to 135 A. D., together with read­ ing and survey of salient portions of the Old Testament. 2 hours Textbooks: Sell, Bible Study by Periods. Ottley, A Short History of the Hebrews. PROFESSOR YOUNG Bible 2. History of the Early Christian Church and New Testament Literature.—A brief survey of the New Testament Literature and History, combined with an intensive study of the Life of Christ. 2 hours Textbooks: Strong, Popular Lectures on the Books of the New Testament. Stalker, Life of Christ. Course 1 or 2 required of all candidates for a degree, and pre­ requisite to advanced courses in Religious Education. PROFESSOR YOUNG Bible 3. History of the Christian Church to the Reforma­ tion.—A rapid survey of Church History to 1517 in order to gain

•NOTE—In some of the departments, not all the courses outlined will be offered at any one time. 35 36 The College perspective, followed by a more intensive study of the same period. Textbook: Newman, History of the Christian Church, Vol. I. 2 hours PROFESSOR YOUNG Bible 4. History of the Modern Christian Church.—A continuation of course 3, with the History of the Church from Luther's time to the present as the field of study. Textbook: Newman, History of the Christian Church, Vol. II. 2 hours PROFESSOR YOUNG Bible 5. Bible School Organization and Religious Ped­ agogy.—A study of the principles of Sunday-school organization and religious instruction based on the latest developments and findings in Religious Education. 1 or 2 hours Textbooks: Betts, How to Teach Religion. Athearn, The Church School. Bible 6. Prophecy and the Prophets.—An introductory course in the study of the lives, historical background, and mes­ sage of the Old Testament prophets. 1 hour Textbook: Eiselen, Prophecy and the Prophets. PROFESSOR YOUNG

BIOLOGY Biology 1-2. General Biology.—An introduction to the general principles and concepts of biological science. Three hours' class and four hours' laboratory. 5 hours PROFESSOR GREEN Biology 3-4. Botany.—The nature and development of plants. A review of the entire plant kingdom. Methods of reproduction, inheritance, variation, evolution. Three hours' class and four hours' laboratory. 5 hours PROFESSOR GREEN Biology 5. Comparative Anatomy of the Vertebrates.— A laboratory study of vertebrate types. History of the evolution of the vertebrates as known by their fossils. Correlation of the facts of embryology and comparative anatomy of recent forms, including man, with paleontological knowledge. The course covers much work which is desirable for premedical students. Chemistry 37

Prerequisite biology 1-2. Two hours' class and four hours' laboratory. 4 hours PROFESSOR GREEN Biology 6. The Human Body.—A review of the evolution of function in the lower forms. The normal physiological processes of the human body and causes of impaired function. Special attention is given to the means of conserving personal and public health. A certain amount of careful dissection of typical mam­ malian structures is required. Prerequisite biology 1-2 and elementary physics and chemistry. Two hours' class and four hours' laboratory. 4 hours PROFESSOR GREEN Biology 7. Vertebrate Embryology.—A study of vertebrate development based on the chick and the pig. Especially de­ sirable for premedical students. Prerequisite biology 5. Two hours' class and four hours' laboratory. 4 hours PROFESSOR GREEN Biology 8. Genetics and Evolution.—A review of the theories of evolution and the evidence on which they are based. Analytical study of the laws of heredity. The inheritance of ac­ quired characters. Underlying principles governing the distribu­ tion of unit characters and the application of these laws to human heredity. Open to students who have had two years of biology in college. Two hours' class and four hours' laboratory. 4 hours. PROFESSOR GREEN. Biology 9. General Histology and Histological Methods. —A microscopic study of the tissues of the vertebrates. The preparation of permanent mounts by the paraffin, celloidin, and freezing methods. For advanced students who intend to spe­ cialize in biology. One hour class and four hours' laboratory. 3 hours PROFESSOR GREEN Biology 10-11. Advanced Work.—Opportunity is of­ fered to do work of a nature not covered by regular courses. Credit by arrangement. PROFESSOR GREEN

CHEMISTRY Chemistry 1. General Chemistry.—A study of the funda­ mental principles and laws. Preparation and description of the 38 The College non-metals and their components. Three lectures and quizzes with two laboratory periods a week the first semester. 5 hours PROFESSOR EDWARDS, MR. GROTE, AND MR. REYNOLDS Chemistry 2. General Chemistry.—A continuation of Chemistry 1 one hour a week during the second semester. The balance of the time will be used for a course in Quantitative Anal­ ysis. One lecture and quiz and three laboratory periods a week the second semester. 5 hours PROFESSOR EDWARDS, MR. GROTE, AND MR. REYNOLDS Chemistry 3. Introductory Quantitative Analysis.—Pre­ requisite: Chemistry 1 and 2. This course is designed as an intro­ duction to Chemistry 5 and 6. The work in the laboratory con­ sists of a number of gravimetric and volumetric determinations, such as the separation and estimation of metals and acid radicals in pure salts; acidimetry and alkalimetry; and volumetric oxida­ tion methods as applied to iron ores. Two hours a week of recita­ tions and lectures, two laboratory periods of three hours each per week. 4 hours PROFESSOR EDWARDS Chemistry 3a. Introductory Organic Chemistry.—The fundamental principles of organic chemistry, and the more im­ portant compounds are studied. In the laboratory experiments will be performed by the student illustrating the various methods used in the preparation and testing of organic compounds. Reci­ tations and lectures, two hours a week; two laboratory periods of three hours each per week. 4 hours PROFESSOR EDWARDS Chemistry 4. Introductory Organic Chemistry.—A con­ tinuation of Chemistry 3a. 4 hours PROFESSOR EDWARDS Chemistry 5. Quantitative Analysis.—This is a continua­ tion of Chemistry 3. Credit is given only when Chemistry 6 is also elected. In the laboratory, each student is required to com­ plete a prescribed amount of work, which includes the application of both gravimetric and volumetric methods. The gravimetric methods include the separation and estimation of iron and man­ ganese; the decomposition of silicate; the estimation of silica by hydro-fluoric acid; the estimation of sulphur in pig iron; the de- Education 39

termination of calcium and magnesium in limestone and cements. The volumetric work includes the estimation of iron in iron ores under various conditions; Volhart's method for manganese; the determination of calcium by means of potassium permanganate; the iodometric methods as applied to the estimation of arsenic and determination of fats. In addition to the work outlined, each student is given an ore, alloy, or mineral on which he must submit a complete report. From time to time the student will be required to hand in written reports. The laboratory work is supplemented by lectures on the theoretical principles of the methods used. Three three-hour periods per week. 3 hours PROFESSOR EDWARDS Chemistry 6. Quantitative Analysis.—A continuation of Chemistry 5. Credit is not given except when Chemistry 5 has first been pursued. The work of this course will consist of electro­ chemical analysis; gas analysis; water analysis; milk, soil, etc. 3 hours PROFESSOR EDWARDS ECONOMICS (See Social Sciences.)

EDUCATION Education 1. History of Education, Ancient and Mediae­ val.—A study of Oriental, Greek, Roman, and Mediaeval ideas and ideals of education. Lectures and recitations. 2 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER Education 2. History of Education, Modern.—A study of the development of modern education in Europe and America, with special reference to recent physiological, psychological, and socio­ logical theories. Lectures and recitations. 2 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER Education 3. Philosophy of Education.—The principles of education underlying courses and methods of instruction, pre­ sented from the point of view of evolution. 3 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER Education 4. The Science of Teaching.—This includes the teacher's problem, the basis of habit, the principles of habit formation, the phases of habit-getting, methods of evoking in- 40 The College itiative, the teacher's use of imagination, appreciation an element of education, the meaning of play in education, measuring the achievements of pupils. 3 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER Education 5. Educational Psychology.—A practical study of the facts and laws of psychology as related to teaching and the work of the classroom. 3 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER Education 6. The Psychology of Child Development.— Problems relating to the child's earliest experience; character of the earliest consciousness; interpretation of the emotional expres­ sions of infancy; first differentiations of experience; differentia­ tions of mental functions; imitation; moral ideas of children; educational implications. 2 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER Education 7. Principles of Secondary Education.—This course discusses the nature of the pupils to be educated; the sec­ ondary school as a social institution—its aims and functions as such; the means, materials, and methods by which this work can best be accomplished; organization and administration. Among the topics emphasized are the development of secondary education, and secondary education in relation to elementary and to higher education. Lectures and recitations. 2 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER Education 8. Principles of Secondary Education.—A con­ tinuation of Education 7. The topics for discussion and analysis include the program of studies, with a consideration of the place of the several languages, of science, and of vocational and other subjects in the secondary school curricula, in an attempt to establish criteria of subject-values. 3 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER Education 10. High School and Class Management.— The following are a few of the topics discussed: The high school defined; organization of the school; the employment of teachers; the aspects of government; selective and advisory functions of the school; the daily program of exercises; principles of class management; the technique of teaching. 2 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER English 41

ENGINEERING (See Physics)

ENGLISH English 1. English Masterpieces.—The object of this course is to cultivate the literary sensibilities of the student by the intensive study of a few of the greatest English masterpieces. Selected works of Shakespeare, Milton, Carlyle, and Browning will be read. Long themes demanding originality of thought and based upon the personal experience of the writer are required at stated intervals. Required of all freshmen. 3 hours PROFESSOR GRIFFIN English 2. English Masterpieces.—A continuation of English 1. 3 hours PROFESSOR GRIFFIN English 3. History of English Literature.—A rapid survey of the history of English Literature from the beginning down to the present day. Representative masterpieces of the several great periods of English literary history will be read and discussed. Textbooks: Moody and Lovett, A History of English Litera­ ture. Prerequisites: English 1 and 2. 3 hours PROFESSOR GRIFFIN English 4. History of English Literature.—A continuation of English 3. 3 hours PROFESSOR GRIFFIN English 5. Shakespeare.—All the plays of Shakespeare will be read and discussed. A paper upon each play will be prepared and read aloud either by the instructor or by a member of the class. Textbooks: Thorndike and Nielson, The Facts about Shakes­ peare; Neilson, The Cambridge Shakespeare. Elective for Juniors and Seniors. Not given in 1921-1922. 3 hours PROFESSOR GRIFFIN English 6. Shakespeare.—A continuation of English 5. 3 hours PROFESSOR GRIFFIN 42 The College English 7. English Literature of the Early Nineteenth Century.—The Romantic movement will be studied from its beginnings in the eighteenth century through its culmination in the great writers of the early nineteenth century. Particular at­ tention will be paid to Scott, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Keats, and Shelley. Elective for Juniors and Seniors. Prerequi­ sites: English 1, 2, 3, and 4. 3 hours PROFESSOR GRIFFIN

English 8. English Literature of the Late Nineteenth Century.—The political humanitarian, religious, artistic, and scientific ideas of the Victorian literature will receive primary consideration. Among the authors treated will be Carlyle, Rus- kin, Arnold, Tennyson, and Browning. Elective for Juniors and Seniors. Prerequisites: English 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7. 3 hours PROFESSOR GRIFFIN

English 9. Seminar.—This course is designed for those who intend to make a specialty of English. The subject of the course changes from year to year. For 1921-1922 the subject will be the Contemporary English and American Drama. Prerequisites: English 1, 2, 3, 4, and either 5, 6, or 7, 8, and 9. 3 hours PROFESSOR GRIFFIN

English 10. Seminar.—A continuation of English 9. 3 hours PROFESSOR GRIFFIN

English 11. History of the English Language.—A study of the development of the English language from the Early Eng­ lish period (Anglo-Saxon) to the present, with a consideration of the sources contributing to the English vocabulary, and an analysis of forms and syntax on the basis of former inflections and the laws of sentence-structure. The preliminary work is followed by an intensive examination of colloquial and rustic speech—in­ cluding cant and slang—as exemplifying the natural and unim­ peded operation of the laws of linguistic evolution. The work is conducted according to the methods suggested by Emerson, Brief History of the English Language, and Greenough and Kittredge, Words and Their Ways in English Speech. Lectures, recitations, and reports. (The department urgently recommends this valuable course French 43 to all interested in the higher study of English, and especially to prospective teachers of English.) 3 hours PROFESSOR CONANT

English A.—On the approval of the department, the editor­ ship and managing editorship of "The Echo" may carry one hour of credit in English.

ETHICS (See Philosophy.)

FRENCH French 1. Grammar and exercises; drill in pronunciation; memorizing of easy colloquial sentences; selections from a French reader. 4 hours PROFESSOR KLINE French 2. Grammar continued; review of the irregular verb; acquisition of the important rules of syntax; Daudet, Trois Contes Choisis, or about fifty pages from a French reader; Merimfe, Colomba, or About, Le Roi des Montagues. Free reproduction and composition based on texts read; dictation. 4 hours PROFESSOR KLINE French 3. George Sand, La Petite Fadette or La Mare au Diable; Victor Hugo, Les MisSrables, or about twenty short stories selected from those of Merim6e, Maupassant, Daudet, Balzac, Copp6e, Gauthier, Musset, Zola; free reproduction; sight reading; prose composition. 4 hours PROFESSOR CONANT French 4. Daudet, Tartarin de Tarascon; Balzac, Euginie Grandet; or France, Le Crime de Sylvestre Bonnard; Loti, Picheur d'Islande. Collateral and sight reading; prose composition. 4 hours PROFESSOR CONANT French 5. Study of selections from Corneille, Racine, and Moliere; collateral reading; prose composition. 3 hours PROFESSOR CONANT 44 The College

French 6. The Romantic Drama.—Study of Hugo, Du­ mas, Musset, Vigny. Collateral reading. Oral and written re­ ports. 3 hours PROFESSOR CONANT French 7. Survey of French literature from 1600 to 1850. 3 hours PROFESSOR CONANT

GERMAN German 1. Grammar and exercises; drill in pronunciation; memorizing of easy colloquial sentences. 4 hours PROFESSOR KLINE German 2. Grammar continued; reading of stories by such modern authors as Heyse, Storm, Salomon, and von Hillern; free reproduction and composition based on the texts read; dictation. 4 hours PROFESSOR KLINE German 3. Fulda, Unter vier Augen; Benedix, Der Prozess; Wildenbruch, Das edle Blut; Heyse, Vetter Gabriel; Wichert, Die verlorene Tochter. Composition, conversation, and dictation. 4 hours German 4. Keller, Novellen; Baumbach, Der Schwiegersohn; Hoffmann, Iwan der Schreckliche. Composition, conversation, and dictation. 4 hours German 5. Schiller, Wilhelm Tell or Maria Stuart; Goethe, Egmont and selections from Dichtung und Wahrheit; themes in German; more difficult sight reading. 3 hours German 6. Schiller, Wallenstein; Lessing, Nathan der Weise, and selections from his prose writings; or Goethe, Faust, part I, with study of the Faust legends; themes and sight reading; study of the life and times of Goethe and Schiller, with especial reference to the masterpieces read. 3 hours German 7. Scientific German.—This course is offered to those who desire practice in translating scientific German mono­ graphs and periodicals. 2 hours Greek 45

GREEK Greek 1. Beginning Greek.—The aim of the course is to give a knowledge of the inflection of the language and the im­ portant rules of syntax. Attention is given to the Greek elements in the English language. 4 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN Greek 2. Xenophon.—The Anabasis, Books I-IV, is read. While the literary and historic interest of the work is exhibited, the primary aim of the course is to develop facility in the correct interpretation of the text. Practice is given in composition and sight translation. 4 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN Greek 3. Homer.—Benner, Selections from Homer's Iliad, is used as a text. Emphasis is given to Homeric forms, construc­ tions, and prosody. 4 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN Greek 4. Homer.—Selections from Books I-XII of the Odyssey are read. The life and customs of the Homeric Age are studied. 4 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN Greek 5. Plato.—The Apology, the Crito, and the Phcedo are studied. 3 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN Greek 6. Greek Tragedy.—The Greek theatre and the de­ velopment of Greek Drama are studied. Representative plays are read with special attention given to the dramatic structure and lyric meters. 3 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN Greek 7 and 8. History, Oratory, and Philosophy.— Courses will be arranged to suit the needs of those who wish to do further elective work. 3 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN Greek 10. New Testament.—Selections from the Gospels, Acts and Epistles are studied. 2 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN 46 The College

HISTORY History 1, 2. Modern European History.—A study of the political, economic, and social development of Europe since 1500, including the development of national states, the Protestant Revolution, the practice of the European principle of balance of power, the French Revolution, and the democratic tendencies of the nineteenth century. Lectures and recitations. Text: Hayes, A Political and Social History of Modern Europe. This course is required of all candidates for the degree. It is prerequisite to any election in history. 3 hours PROFESSOR WARE History 3, 4. Constitutional History of the United States to 1850.—The colonial origin of American political in­ stitutions, the winning of independence, the formation of the Constitution, and the development of the Constitution and of political issues and parties to the Compromise of 1850. Lectures and discussions. (Alternates with History 4 and 5. Omitted 1921-1922.) 3 hours PROFESSOR WARE History 5. Civil War and Reconstruction.—A discussion of the causes of the Civil War and an intensive study of the chief political and economic events from the Compromise of 1850 to the removal of federal troops from the reconstructed Southern States. Lectures and readings. (Alternates with History 3.) History 6. Recent American History.—A continuation of History 5. A study of the development of the past half century. Lectures and readings. (Alternates with History 4.) 3 hours PROFESSOR WARE History 7, 8. British Imperialism.—A study of the growth of one world empire for the purpose of understanding present-day world politics. Lectures and readings. (Open only to Juniors or Seniors.) 3 hours PROFESSOR WARE

NOTE.—All history courses are year courses, the numbering History 1, 2, or History 3, 4, is for the purpose of counting semester hours. Credit will be given only for the entire year's work. Latin 47

ITALIAN Italian 1 and 2. Grammar and Exercises.—Selections from Bergen and Weston, Italian Reader; Goggio, Due Commedie Moderne. Reading of one or two short novels and of portions of Dante's Inferno. (Offered in alternate years as an elective. Not given in 1921-1922. Credit given only for the entire year's work.) 2 hours throughout the year PROFESSOR CONANT LATIN Latin 1. Cicero.—Orations against Catiline, Pro Archia, and Pro Lege Manilia. Attention is given to Syntax, composi­ tion, and sight translation. Required of all candidates for the A.B. degree who do notj>resent Cicero for entrance. 4 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN Latin 2. Vergil.—Mneid 1-6; sight translation and composi­ tion are continued. Required of all candidates for the A.B. degree who do not present Vergil for entrance. 4 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN Latin 3. Cicero's Essays.—The De Amicitia is read and studied in detail. The De Senectute is covered in rapid reading. Practice is given in composition and sight translation. Required for the A.B. degree. 4 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN Latin 4. Latin Verse.—Readings in A Selection of Latin Verse, edited by the instructors in Williams College. Sight translation and composition are continued. Special attention is given to prosody, mythology, and the memorizing of selected passages. Required for the A.B. degree. 4 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN Latin 5. Drama.—Plantus, Trinummus and Terence, Adelphoe are read. The Roman theatre and the development and influence of Latin drama are studied. 3 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN Latin 6. Poetry.—A comparative literary study of Horace and Catullus is the basis of the course. 3 hours PROFESSOR ALLEN 48 The College

LOGIC (See Philosophy)

MATHEMATICS

Mathematics 1. Algebra and Trigonometry.—(a) Review of factoring, fractions, radicals, theory of exponents, quadratics, (b) Trigonometry. 4 hours PROFESSOR F. F. HOOPER

Mathematics 2. Analytic Geometry.—An elementary course covering the straight line and conic sections, with a study of a few higher plane curves. 4 hours PROFESSOR F. F. HOOPER

Mathematics 3. Analytic Geometry.—Same as course 2. 4 hours PROFESSOR F. F. HOOPER Mathematics 4. Algebra.—Inequalities, progressions, theory of equations, infinite series, determinants, permutations and combinations, probability, etc. 4 hours PROFESSOR F. F. HOOPER

Mathematics 5. Calculus.—Differentiation and integration of functions with geometric and mechanical applications. PROFESSOR F. F. HOOPER

Mathematics 6. Calculus.—Course 5 completed. 3 hours PROFESSOR F. F. HOOPER

Mathematics 7. Differential Equations.—Ordinary and partial differential equations; applications to Geometry and Physics. 3 hours PROFESSOR F. F. HOOPER

Mathematics 8. Differential Equations.—Course 7 com­ pleted. 3 hours PROFESSOR F. F. HOOPER Philosophy 49

PHILOSOPHY Philosophy 1. Introduction to General Psychology, Textbook, and Lectures.—The lectures will discuss the meaning of study, the laws of perception, association, retention, recall; the relation of attention to the acquisition of knowledges and the physical and physiological conditions necessary to efficient at­ tention. 2 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER Philosophy 2. This is a continuation of Philosophy 1, with a study of the sense organs and how to acquire efficiency in their use; the nature of memory, imagination, reasoning, feeling, char­ acter formation, sleep, dreams, and other psychological phe­ nomena. 2 hours These courses are designed especially for freshmen, but are open to all students. PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER Philosophy 3. Logic.—The aim of this course is to promote clear thinking and to develop critical habits of thought. Course 3 is an elementary presentation of inductive and deductive reason­ ing, including practice in the syllogistic forms, logical analysis, and criticism of the most common fallacies. 3 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER Philosophy 4. The Nature of Thought.—This includes a brief presentation of the nature of the thought-process and the laws of its development. It is designed as a further preparation for the study of psychology. 2 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER Philosophy 5, 6. General Psychology.—In these courses are discussed: the physical basis of mental life; the constituents of consciousness; primitive psychical elements; processes of mental elaboration; the several forms of perception, imagination, and memory; the processes of thought; sense-feelings, emotions, and volition. Brief consideration will also be given to the relation of each of these forms of mental activity to "individuality." Throughout the year. 3 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER Philosophy 7. Experimental Psychology.—The object of these courses is to analyze and illustrate the phenomena and processes of mental life. They present the essential features of 50 The College

apperception, perception, attention, the range of consciousness, and the relation of mental contents to physiological and physical processes. Their further purpose is to illustrate the facts and principles of psychology by leading the student to discover for himself the psychological facts upon which are based the prin­ ciples of science, so that he may learn correct habits of inductive reasoning. This course is given in connection with Courses 5 and 6. 2 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER

Philosophy 8. Ethics.—A general introduction to the sub­ ject, with a presentation of the principles and criticism of the lead­ ing ethical theories. While due attention is given to the theory of morals, much stress is placed upon the practical side of the sub­ ject, for the purpose of showing that the aim of conduct is no abstract virtue but fullness and richness of life. Lectures, recita­ tions, and reading of ethical classics. 3 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER

Philosophy 10. ^Esthetics.—The philosophy of the Beauti­ ful. The outlines of the History of ^Esthetics, the Theory of Beauty, and a discussion of the most important arts. One object of this course is to introduce the student to subjective realities, to show him the necessary connection and harmony between the objective and subjective world, and to prepare him for further philosophical study. 3 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER

Philosophy 11. History of Philosophy—Ancient and Me­ diaeval.—Lectures and reports. 3 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER

Philosophy 12. History of Philosophy—Modern.—Lectures and reports. 3 hours PROFESSOR W. W. HOOPER

Philosophy 1, 3, 4, and 8 are offered each year; the other courses are given as conditions warrant. Physics and Engineering 51

PHYSICAL EDUCATION The department of Physical Education endeavors to meet the needs of students in three ways: first, by giving each student a thorough physical examination and by advising in matters of health; second, by offering a series of systematic exercises; and, third, by offering instruction suitable for those who may later de­ sire to supervise physical training in the schools or on public play­ grounds. Physical Education 1, 2, 3, 4. A course in hygiene and phys­ ical education including, whenever necessary, individual corrective exercises, in addition to the class work. 2 hours Miss NORTON AND MR. JARRATT

PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING General Physics 1.—This course is intended to acquaint the student with the elementary facts, the methods and the gen­ eral principles underlying physical science. It is designed to meet the needs of those students who wish a knowledge of physics for its cultural value as well as those who intend to enter a medical school. -It is also designed to cover the ground needed by stu­ dents who expect to pursue engineering courses or advanced work in exact science in this or other departments. By the former students it may be taken as a five-hour course, and by the latter as a six-hour course. The laboratory work consists of quantitative measurements, the use of instruments of precision, and the verification of the laws of physics. The lectures are il­ lustrated by frequent experiments and by the use of lantern slides. Registration in Mathematics is advised. 5 or 6 hours PROFESSOR CORNELIUS AND MR. SAUNDERS General Physics 2.—This is a continuation of Course 1. The two courses complete a year of regular college physics and count as one year of the required laboratory science for a degree. Reg­ istration in Mathematics is advised. 5 or 6 hours PROFESSOR CORNELIUS AND MR. SAUNDERS In addition to the foregoing general courses, the work of the department is planned to offer advanced courses in order that a student may complete a major in physics, thus fitting himself to 52 The College teach the subject, or equipping himself with a general training for a scientific career, such as that of commercial physicist or engineer. Some of the advanced courses will be given each semester and the number will be varied to meet the needs of the students. The regular method of procedure is as indicated below —lectures and laboratory taken simultaneously—but for special reasons, approved by the department, the lectures and laboratory may be taken at different times. Courses 1 and 2 are prerequi­ sites to all of these courses. Physics 3. Electricity and Magnetism.—This is an ad­ vanced course dealing with the fundamental facts of the subject, magnetic fields, electrolysis, thermo-electricity, potential, current, resistance, induction, capacity, practical applications in electric machinery, the electro-magnetic theory of light, discharge of electricity through gases, X-rays, and wireless waves. Lectures, recitations, and laboratory. 5 hours PROFESSOR CORNELIUS Physics 4. Light.—This is an advanced course dealing with geometrical and physical optics in detail. Under the former head some of the most important optical instruments are studied, such as the camera, the microscope, telescope, etc. Under the latter head the theory of light is developed. The course is intended to be a practical and useful study of optics and aims to give a care­ ful, scientific explanation of many optical phenomena, such as spectroscopy, diffraction, dispersion, interference and polariza­ tion. Lectures, recitations, and laboratory. 5 hours PROFESSOR CORNELIUS Physics 5. Mechanics.—This is an advanced course dealing with uniformly accelerated and simple harmonic motion, elas­ ticity, surface tension, hydrostatics, hydraulics, power, mechan­ ical advantage, and efficiency of machines. The course is designed to supplement and utilize the principles of mechanics covered in the General Physics by applying them to practical problems. Lectures, recitations, and laboratory. 4 hours. PROFESSOR CORNELIUS Physics 6. Heat.—This is an advanced course planned to give a comprehensive view of the science of heat. It should be of particular value to those who intend to teach science or to Physics and Engineering 53

those who intend to pursue mechanical engineering. The study includes the consideration of mercurial and air thermometers, calorimetry, heat equivalents, co-efficients of expansion, vapor pressures, conductivity, hygrometry, pyrometry, liquid air, and weather forecasting. Lectures, recitations, and laboratory. 5 hours PROFESSOR CORNELIUS Physics 7. Advanced Laboratory.—This course offers indi­ vidual work on problems chosen from the field of physics which will best meet the needs of the student. One, two, or three periods per week, depending upon the wish of the student. PROFESSOR CORNELIUS Physics 8. Training Course for Physics Teachers.—This course includes a r6sum6 of the history of physics and a study of the best methods of presenting a secondary school course in physics in light of the important part physics is playing in the present- day life. Ample opportunity is given the student for a critical study of subject matter, examination and choice of textbooks, and selection of apparatus to meet the needs of a secondary school. Lectures and recitations. 2 hours PROFESSOR CORNELIUS The following courses are open to all students, no previous courses in physics being required: Physics 11. Applied Physics.—This is a course of lectures of a semi-popular nature dealing with physics as it is applied in everyday life. It is intended to give the student an appreciation of the various physical phenomena about him and an understand­ ing of the principles of physics involved. The course is open to all students. No previous course in physics is required. 1 hour PROFESSOR CORNELIUS Physics 12. Applied Physics.—This is a continuation of Course 11. 1 hour PROFESSOR CORNELIUS Physics 13. Household Physics.—This course aims to present the principles of physics as they are applied in the house­ hold in everyday life. The course is presented in a less technical and less mathematical manner than the regular physics courses, and is intended to be more purely informational. It is open to all young women who desire a general working knowledge of 54 The College

physics and is especially valuable to those who intend to study domestic science in the future. Lectures, recitations, and labora­ tory. 3 hours PROFESSOR CORNELIUS Physics 14. Photography.—This is a course which will ac­ quaint the student with the general methods of science and its spirit. The class-room work includes a study of cameras, lenses, etc., and the work in the laboratory consists of the making of photographs, enlargements, and lantern slides. This course should be of cultural value to any student and should be particularly valuable to one who intends to do advanced scientific work. Lectures, recitations, and laboratory. 2 hours PROFESSOR CORNELIUS

Engineering Drawing 1.—This course consists of practice in the use of drawing instruments, lettering, making of plates from copy, and intends to acquaint the student with the methods and technique of mechanical drawing. It is planned to meet the needs of engineering students, but is open to any who desire a working knowledge of mechanical drawing. 2 hours PROFESSOR CORNELIUS Engineering Drawing 2.—This is a more advanced course and the subject matter is varied to meet the needs of the individual student. For engineers the work is devoted to the sketching of machine parts, working drawings, tracings and blue prints. For those students who intend to pursue general science, architecture, manual training, or domestic science, practice is given in working drawings, house planning, etc. Prerequisite Course 1, or its equivalent. 2 hours PROFESSOR CORNELIUS

POLITICAL SCIENCE (See Social Sciences)

PSYCHOLOGY (See Philosophy) Social Sciences 55

PUBLIC SPEAKING 1. Essentials of Public Speaking and Oratory.—This course aims to give the student a thorough preparation and drill in correct breathing, articulation, tone-production, and inter­ pretive reading and declamation, together with a study of gestures. This course is prerequisite to all other courses in Public Speaking. 2 hours Textbooks: Cumnock, Choice Readings. Mosher, Essentials of Effective Gesture. PROFESSOR YOUNG 2. Essentials of Public Speaking and Oratory.—A con­ tinuation of Course 1, combined with a special study of the rhetoric and delivery of original orations. 2 hours Textbooks: Cumnock, Choice Readings. Shurter, The Rhet­ oric of Oratory. PROFESSOR YOUNG 3. Argumentation and Debating.—A study of the prin­ ciples of Evidence, Argumentation, and Brief Construction. Actual debating occurs each period, involving presentation and refutation, followed by criticism of the student's platform work. Each student must present a written brief showing research, analysis and arrangement, previous to the delivery of his oral argument. 2 hours Textbook: Foster, Argumentation and Debating. PROFESSOR YOUNG 6. Extemporaneous Speaking.—The aim of this course is to train the student to speak acceptably on topics of general in­ terest. A written outline will be required of each student before making his speech, but the student will speak extemporaneously. 2 hours Textbook: Mosher, Essentials of Extempore Speaking. PROFESSOR YOUNG SOCIAL SCIENCES Economics 1, 2. Principles of Economics.—The purpose of this course is to acquaint the student with the fundamental economic concepts and principles necessary for an understanding of current economic problems. Consumption, production, ex­ change, and distribution of economic goods are analyzed. Selected problems, such as the tariff, monopolies and trusts, labor and 56 The College labor organizations, are discussed. Lectures, readings, and class discussions. Credit will be given only for the year's work. Three hours each semester 3 hours PROFESSOR WARE Political Science 1, 2. American Political Institutions.— A study of the origin, development, and practical working of American political institutions. The structure and machinery of federal, state, and municipal governments are examined. The purpose of this course is to prepare the students for the intelligent discharge of the duties of citizenship. Periodical reports are re­ quired, based upon personal observation of the machinery and operation of elections and of the institutions and conduct of local government. Texts: Student's edition of Bryce, American Com­ monwealth; Beard, American Government and Politics. 2 hours PROFESSOR WARE

SPANISH Spanish 1. Elementary Spanish.—Rudiments of grammar; rules of written accentuation; drill in pronunciation; colloquial exercises; Spanish readings; dictation. 4 hours PROFESSOR CONANT Spanish 2. Elementary Spanish.—Review of irregular verbs and of syntax in connection with the reading of Alarc6n, Novelas cortas, Tamayo y Baus, Mds vale mana que fuerza, and Gald6s, Dona Perfecta. Free reproduction; dictation; easy sight reading. 4 hours PROFESSOR CONANT Spanish 3. Alarc6n, Sombrero de tres picos; Gald6s, Electra; Valera, Pepita Jimenez, Gil y Zarate, Guzman el bueno. Spanish conversation based on the texts read and on assigned topics; sight reading; translation largely eliminated. 4 hours PROFESSOR KLINE Spanish 4. Classic Literature.—Selections from Lope de Vega, Calder6n, Alarcon, Tellez, and Cervantes (Don Quijote). 4 hours PROFESSOR KLINE Spanish 5. Commercial Spanish.—This course is intended for those desiring a practical knowledge of the language for busi- Extension Courses 57 ness purposes. Mercantile periodicals and books are read and discussed in Spanish. 4 hours PROFESSOR CONANT Spanish 6. Technical Spanish.—For those preparing for positions as mining experts or civil engineers in Spanish-speaking territory. Conducted like Course 5. 4 hours PROFESSOR CONANT Spanish 5 and 6 may follow Spanish 2, and are elective only.

EXTENSION COURSES Some of the courses of study outlined above are given in the late afternoons and at night, thus accommodating teachers and others who for various reasons are unable to attend the college during the regular lecture hours. College credit is given for such work to those who present upon entrance the required 15 units. Courses other than these are also given from year to year to suit the needs of certain groups of students. The value and popularity of work of the character just de­ scribed is evidenced by the fact that during the year 1920-1921 over one hundred students were registered in these classes. DEGREES CONFERRED IN JUNE, 1920

BACHELOR OF ARTS May Louise Beckham Frances Allison Blair Ann Marjory Cameron Carroll McKenzie Denton Katherine Clinton Conn Noel Hutsell Cardwell Ernest Eldridge Ernest Edward Harris Clyde Owen Newell

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE Bradley Lealden Dunlap

MEMBERS OF THE GRADUATING CLASS ELECTED TO ALPHA May Louise Beckham Frances Allison Blair REGISTER OF STUDENTS Undergraduate students are listed below by number according to their hours of college credit, as follows: (1) less than 22 hours; (2) 22 to 52 hours; (3) 53 to 87 hours; (4) all over 87 hours. Abel, Ada 1 Greenwood, Nelle 4 Akers, Mitchell 1 Grierson, J. M 1 Ansel, Gladys 1 Grote, Irvine 4 Ansel, James F 1 Gurney, George 1 Arp, Ruth 1 Hall, Mary Belle 1 Bachtel, Dorothy 2 Hasty, Nola 1 Baird, Bernice 1 Hatcher, Edward; 2 Bales, Paul 1 Hitzfeld, Mary 3 Barr, Robert 2 Hodge, Paul 2 Bayless, Agnes 2 Howard, Creed 1 Becking, Helen 2 Howard, Levron 1 Bible, Margaret 1 Huff, Hugh 2 Blevins, Frances 1 Huffaker, Helene 1 Block, Max 2 Hughes, Dennis 3 Bracken, Clara 1 Hunt, Anna Dozier 3 Bradley, Eleanor 1 Hunt, John Steger 4 Browne, Vivian 3 Ingram, Dorothy 1 Buchanan, James 1 Ivey, Burnett 4 Burks, Willard 2 Jarratt, William V 4 Burnett, Ruth 1 Jenkins, William 1 Cagle, Wm. CT 3 Johnson, Robert Lee 3 Callaway, Joe S 4 Johnston, Garrett 2 Campbell, Reecie 1 Jones, Arthur Sam 1 Card, Era 2 Jones, Katie Pearl 3 Cate, Harry 2 Kaplan, Joseph 1 Charlton, Eliz 1 Kelly, Emma Jane 3 Charlton, Virginia 4 Kelso, Willie Rae 1 Clark, Alfred L 4 Keys, Annie Laurie 1 Close, Catharine 1 Keys, Mary Hester 4 Connelly, Marian 2 Killian, Marvin 1 Davis, Jess E 1 King, William 1 Dayton, William 1 Knox, Amilda 2 Drinnon, Louise 1 Koons, Tom W 1 Ehrnman, Josephine 1 Kriegner, Wm. F 1 Etheridge, Wm 1 Krug, Adam 1 Evans, Rosemary 1 Kuster, Dorothy •. 1 Farrell, George 1 Latimore, David 1 Ferguson, Norman 2 Little, George 1 Fowler, Juliette 1 Llewellyn, Gertrude 1 Frank, Sam . 2 Lynch, Kathleen 1 Gibson, Mary 1 McCutcheon, Joel 2 Gillespie, Eugene 3 Messick, Carrie 2 Goldstein, Louis 1 Mishler, Delta 1 59 60 The College

Montgomery, Margaret 1 Scott, George M 3 Moore, C. C, Jr 1 Scott, Helen 2 Murkett, Philip 1 Shalett, Edward 1 Murray, Virginia 2 Shrader, Barnard 2 Nelson, Harry 2 Shrader, Joseph 2 Newberry, Elizabeth 2 Shuford, Lillian 2 Nicholson, Mary 2 Smartt, Polk 1 Owens, Corbett 2 Smith, Leonora 1 Parnell, Robert 1 Smith, Margaret 3 Patterson, Elizabeth 3 Smith, Maxie 1 Parker, Fain. 2 Smith, W. A 2 Peacock, Margaret Sorgenfrey, Estelle 4 Peak, William Roy Sprinkle, Pauline 3 Pearlman, Flora Stegall, Mary Alice 1 Petty, Robert Emmet Stephens, Anita 2 Phipps, Mary Stivers, Ruth 3 Pickard, Leonard 2 Street, Gordon 1 Poe, John Charles 1 Sullivan, Charles 1 Pope, Anne 2 Sussdorff, Mary 4 Proffitt, Genevra 3 Sussdorff, Edwin 2 Raulston, Robert 2 Tallant, James G 3 Redd, Will Cooper 2 Tansey, Viola 1 Reed, Charles Arthur 1 Tarwater, Charles 1 Reynolds, Wilbur 3 Tatum, Eugene 3 Riseden, lone. 2 Voigt, Laura 1 Roach, Alvin 1 Waid, Finis Lee 1 Roberts, Clara 1 Ward, Raulston 1 Robinson, Frank 1 Wassman, Edward 3 Robinson, Kathleen 1 Watson, Manley 2 Robinson, Herman 2 Webb, Theodore 1 Robinson, Thomas 1 Wheeler, Joseph 1 Rogers, Esther 1 Wiley, Leon 4 Samuel, Sidney 1 Williams, Malcolm 3 Saunders, John T 4 Winer, Elias 2 Schoolfield, Kittie 2 EXTENSION STUDENTS (Matriculants who have presented the required fifteen units for entrance, are pursuing courses leading to a degree but who are not in attendance during the regular lecture hours.) Alexander, Martha Boyd, Vallie Atkins, Candis Bryan, Bertha Arp, Bernice Bowser, Maud Abel, Lucy Bonner, Margaret Browne, Quintene Bennett, June Brown, Margaret Bell, Mary Jean Brown, Belle Cooper Bell, Ruby Extension Students 61

Bell, Nellie Lee, Mary L. Bellows, Fannie Littleton, Minnie Cowan, Mary M. Long, Mrs. C. C. Collins, Muriel Lloyd, Sarah Coleman, Gertrude McLester, Battle Collins, Ora McMillan, Dolly Clingan, Lillian McKenzie, Gladys Catron, Genieve McMillan, Mildred Carter, Nettie Madison, Bessie Cade, Sallie Milburn, Lucy Clementson, Mary Miller, Mrs. Grace Divine, Roberta Milligan, Mary H. Dies, Cora Nichols, Julia DeCourcy, Lenoe O'Grady, Margaret DeCosta, Robertine O'Brien, Natalie Deadrerick, Adelyn Orr, Robbie Drumright, Elodie Price, Weona Evans, Bess Powell, S. Fincher, Emma Payne, Irma Farrior, Mary Clyde Pickering, Adeline Flinn, Mary Corena Peterson, Mrs. Irene Gillespie, Jean Pryor, Lonnie E. Guest, Dorothy Richmond, Esther Griswold, Dura Russell, Etta Mai Grey, Cricket Robinson, Ruby Greenwood, Emma Ring, Ona Ethel Guille, Louise Ross, Mary Haley, Pearl Ream, Anna Hardin, Jeanetta Shelley, Grace Homan, Janie Sweet, Madge Hodges, Lois (Mrs.) Surges, Sylvia Humphries, Mrs. J. R. Surguine, Adelia Hodge, Edna Spence, Winifred Huffaker, Mrs. Frances Sheldon, Mrs. Norma Hildebrand, Mrs. M. A Sowers, Lois Hall, Mildred Smith, Edith Haenseler, Adela Sanders, Geraldine Harwood, Bertha Signaigo, Katherine Jones, Iva Surges, Sylvia Thomas, Nelle Jane, Haymore Wood Vandergriff, Watova Johnson, Bessie Wood, Ruth Johnson, Ruth Wyatt, Rosamond Jones, Bernice Welch, Floreed Estelle Kropp, Elizabeth Wassman, Adlena Long, Sarah Longley, Mrs. Ida M. Total enrollment, 261. Lee, Mrs. Lucy

THE ATHENS SCHOOL

ATHENS TENNESSEE

OFFICERS OF ADMINISTRATION AND INSTRUCTION

JAMES L. ROBB, A.B. DEAN Spanish and Education. A.B., Grant University, 1906; Graduate study, University of Georgia, 1916; Principal, Mt. Zion Seminary, 1906-1908, 1912-1915; Government Supervisor of Schools, Philippine Islands, 1908-1912; Superintendent jof Schools, Bowden, Georgia, 1915-1916; Principal, High School, Gainesville, Georgia, 1916-1918; present position since 1918.

DAVID ALEXANDER BOLTON, A.B., A.M. Mathematics. A.B., 1872, also A.M., East Tennessee Wesleyan University; Professor of Mathematics in Alma Mater, Athens, Tennessee, 1873-1889; Vice-Presi­ dent, Grant University, Athens, 1885-1887; Professor of Mathematics, Grant University, Chattanooga, 1889-1892; made professor emeritus, 1920.

E. C. FERGUSON, PH.D. History and Latin. A.B., University of Vermont, 1869; A.M., University of Vermont, 1872; B.D., Boston School of Theology, 1874; Ph.D., Boston University, 1879; 1874-1883, Member of the New England Conference; 1883-1886, Professor of Latin and Greek and German in Chaddock College, Quincy, Illinois; 1886- 1890, Professor of Greek and German in McKendree College, Lebanon, Illi­ nois; 1890-1892, Professor of Greek and Modern Languages in Chattanooga University; present position since 1892.

T. P. HAMBY, A.B. REGISTRAR Science. A.B., University of Chattanooga, 1917; Graduate work, Columbia Uni­ versity, summer session, 1919; present position since 1918.

EDA SELBY, A.M. French and Expression B.L., B.A., Oxford College for Women, 1905; M.A., Miami University, 1906; studied in Ohio State Normal; Summer School, University of Chicago, 1912; studied in Berlin and Dresden, 1913; Tutor in French, Miami University 65 66 The Athens School

Summer School, 1905; Teacher of Modern Languages, The Athens School, 1905-1918; Teacher of French in Tusculum College, 1918-1920; present posi­ tion since 1920.

MARY JOY BAYLESS, A.B. English and Physical Education. A.B., University of Chattanooga, 1918; George Peabody College for Teachers, summer session, 1918; Columbia University, summer session, 1919; present position since 1918.

CHESTER W. DARROW, A.M. Education Graduate, Nebraska State Normal School, Peru, 1913; A.B., Des Moines College, 1915; post-graduate work, Colgate University, 1915-1917; 1917-1919 enlisted in Aviation Section of Signal Corps and, while waiting for orders and after discharge, serving successfully as Educational, Building, and Religious Secretary, Army Y. M. C. A., Camp Wadsworth, S. C, and Navy Y. M. C. A., Hampton Roads, Va.; A. M., Oglethorpe University, Georgia, 1920; present position since 1920.

ROLLO ALVORD KILBURN, A.B., B.D. Religious Education and Rural Leadership A.B., Middlebury College, Vermont, 1911; B.D., Union Theological Seminary, New York City, 1914; Pastor, New York Annual Conference, 1914- 1918; Chaplain, U. S. Army, 1918; Supervisor of Rural Survey for Connecticut and Rhode Island, Inter-Church World Movement, 1919; present position since 1920.

ELIZABETH SCHNEIDER Methods Graduate Middle Tennessee Normal School; special work George Pea- body College; present position since 1921.

ALVIS CRAIG, A.M. Mathematics and Science A.B., Grant University, 1896; A.M., Grant University, 1904; Co-princi­ pal, Powell's Valley Seminary (Tennessee), 1897; Co-principal, Murphy Col­ lege (Tennessee), 1898; President, Murphy College, 1899-1900; Principal, Lenoir City (Tennessee) Schools, 1901-1902; Principal, Mt. Zion Seminary (Georgia), 1903-1905; Superintendent City Schools, Athens, Tennessee, 1906; Teacher, Mathematics and Pedagogy, The Athens School, 1907-1917; Prin­ cipal, Englewood High School, 1918; Educational Secretary Army Y. M. C. A., Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia, 1919; present position since 1920. Officers of Administration 67

ROBERT W. GOFORTH, A.B. Mathematics and Physical Education A.B., University of Chattanooga, 1915; Principal, Baileyton (Tennessee) High School, 1915-1916; Graduate work, University of Lyons, France, 1919; present position since 1919.

CAROLYN A. JENKINS Superintendent of Ritter Home. Lucy Webb Hayes Training School; Indianapolis Normal; present posi­ tion since 1912.

FRANCES CULLEN MOFFITT, MUS. B. Director of Music, Piano, and Harmony. Graduate of Teachers' College, Indianapolis, Indiana; graduate W^the Metropolitan School of Music, Indianapolis; other training was received in the New England Conservatory, Boston, Massachusetts; the Heinze School of Artistic Piano Playing; the University of Chicago; Caruthers Normal Course in Chicago, consisting of advanced and progressive ideas in musical pedagogy; and study and travel in Europe; Mus. B., Franco-American Con­ servatory of Brooklyn, New York; present position since 1901.

MRS. NELLIE P. HEDGE Public School Music. Oldham Conservatory, New York City.

GARNETT HEDGE, MUS. B., MUS. D. Voice. Graduate from Des Moines Musical College, Iowa, 1894; post-graduate in same institution, 1896; studied with Karleton Hackett, American Con­ servatory of Music, Chicago, 1897-1898; taught in American Conservatory of Music; sang with Castle Square Opera Company, and studied with Arthur Beresford, of Boston, 1898-1899; taught at Hedding College, Abington, Illinois, 1899-1900; Supervisor of Public School Music, Lead and Deadwood (South Dakota) schools, 1900-1903; maintained studio in Auditorium Building, Chicago, 1903-1910; appeared with leading musical organizations as tenor soloist, 1903-1910; traveled as tenor soloist on spring tours with Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra, 1908, 1909, 1910, and with Thomas Chicago Orchestra, February, 1910; studied summer 1909 with Madame Friedenburg, New York; Dean of Huron College School of Music, Huron, South Dakota, 1910-1912; South Dakota State College, 1912-1919; present position since 1919.

MRS. GARNETT HEDGE China Painting. Present position since 1919. 68 The Athens School

ELIZABETH WILSON Domestic Art. Student American School of Home Economics, Chicago; present position since 1897.

FLORENCE MEREDITH Domestic Science. Bradley Polytechnic Institute, Peoria, Illinois, 1912; dietitian, Peoria State Hospital, Peoria, Illinois, 1912-1913; teacher, Domestic Science, Holly Springs, Mississippi, 1914-1916; teacher, Domestic Science, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1916-1919; present position since 1919.

MRS. EULALIA M. LOWE Stenography and Typewriting. Louisville Commercial College; present position since 1918. i ANITA WHITFIELD General Assistant of Ritter Home. The Athens School, University of Chattanooga; Lucy Webb Hayes Training School; present position since 1916.

MRS. H. A. JENKINS Kitchen Matron, Ritter Home. Present position since 1918.

MRS. LILY BIBLE Preceptress of Bennett Hall

MRS. CHARLES LARGE Matron of Bennett Hall

MRS. ALVIS CRAIG Matron of Petty-Manker Hall.

MAUDE SMITH Secretary and Librarian. The Athens School, University of Chattanooga; present position since 1918. STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE FACULTY

BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS.—M. J. Bayless, A. Craig, T. P. Hamby, L. Bible, J. L. Robb.

ENTRANCE AND CLASSIFICATION.—J. L. Robb, E. C. Ferguson, T. P. Hamby, A. Craig, C. W. Darrow, E. Selby.

LABORATORIES.—T. P. Hamby, F. Meredith. PUBLICATIONS.—C. W. Darrow, E. Wilson, E. Selby, R. A. Kilburn.

SOCIAL AND LITERARY EVENTS.—C. A. Jenkins, E. Selbyj J. L. Robb, M. J. Bayless, L. Bible.

STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS.—E. Selby, R. W. Goforth, M. J. Bayless, C. W. Darrow.

RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES.—R. A. Kilburn, E. C. Ferguson, C. A. Jenkins, L. Bible. LIBRARY.—E. C. Ferguson, C. W. Darrow, R. A. Kilburn, E. Wilson.

ATHLETICS.—R. W. Goforth, M. J. Bayless, J. L. Robb.

DISCIPLINE.—-A. Craig, R. W. Goforth, C. A. Jenkins, T. P. Hamby, L. Bible. EMPLOYMENT.—A. Craig, J. L. Robb.

LOANS.—J. L. Robb, E. C. Ferguson, R. W. Goforth, A. Craig. SCHOOL CALENDAR

1921—September 6, 7, Tuesday and Wednesday, Matriculation days. September 7, Wednesday, First Chapel Exercise. October 26, Thursday, Philomathean Society Annual. November 21, Monday, Term Examinations begin. November 23, Wednesday, First Term ends. November 24-27, Thanksgiving holidays. November 28, Monday, Matriculation Day for Second Term. December 1, Thursday, Knightonian Society Annual. December 22, noon, Close for Christmas vacation. 1922—January 3, Tuesday, Class Work resumes. February 2, Thursday, Athenian Society Annual. February 9, Thursday, Day of Prayer for Colleges. February 21, Tuesday, Term Examinations begin. February 28, Wednesday, Holiday, Washington's Birthday. February 22, Wednesday, Bayless Prize Debate. February 24, Friday, Second Term ends. February 27, Monday, Matriculation Day for Third Term. March 16, Thursday, Sapphonian Society Annual. May 5, Friday, Annual Field Day. May 17, Wednesday, Term Examinations begin. May 21, Sunday, Baccalaureate and Annual Sermons. May 22, Monday, Patten Oratorical Contest. May 24, Wednesday, Commencement Day.

70 GENERAL INFORMATION

ORGANIZATION The Athens School of the University of Chattanooga is or­ ganized as a standard College Preparatory and Normal School. Graduates of its College Preparatory Course are admitted to college without examination. Its Normal Course is accredited by the State Board of Education of the State of Tennessee, grad­ uates from this course receiving without examination certificates to teach in any county within the State. The course in Religious Education and Rural Leadership leads to a diploma, which is to the ministerial student what the normal diploma is to the teacher, and has equal rank with the Normal Course.

LOCATION The School is located in Athens, a progressive town of four thousand inhabitants, midway between Chattanooga and Knox­ ville, on the Southern and the Louisville and Nashville Rail­ ways. Athens has an altitude of nine hundred feet above sea level, and enjoys the advantages of pure air and water. It is practically exempt from epidemic diseases. The climate is mild, and every physical condition is favorable to student life. In point of morals the city can hardly be excelled, being unusually free from vice. It is well governed. A spirit of com­ munity pride and progressive civic organizations have wrought effectively to create a most desirable city of residence. There are four Protestant churches, each having an attractive modern edifice. The citizens are cultured, cordial, and ready to extend any possible kindness to students.

GROUNDS, BUILDINGS, AND EQUIPMENT The campus embraces about twenty acres. It is set with splendid trees, many of which are large and of great age. It is being improved each year by the addition of new plantings. 71 72 The Athens School

Memorial gates and other monuments—gifts of graduating classes and friends—add to its beauty. Good walks connect all the buildings and lead to the main thoroughfares of the town. In addition to the seven buildings, there are three faculty residences and three student cottages on the campus. There are also tennis courts and an athletic field. A panoramic view of the mountains is to be had from the various buildings. Under the leadership of Mr. J. W. Fisher, of the Board of Trustees, several thousand dollars has been spent in repairs and improvements during the year with fine effect. The plant is valued at $250,000.

Banfield Memorial Hall, erected in 1901, was the gift of Mr. William Banfield. It is a brick and stone structure, three stories in height, excluding basement. It provides accommoda­ tion for all the science departments, two literary society halls, the library, recitation halls, and the office of the Dean. It is heated with steam and lighted with electricity. Much of the excellent laboratory equipment was provided by Mr. J. W. Fisher.

Old College Hall, erected in 1864, is the original building of the School. It is a brick structure three stories in height, and contains two literary society halls, the study hall, and several class rooms.

Petty-Manker Hall, erected in 1913, is the newest building on the campus. It is a fine four-story brick building, costing over twenty-five thousand dollars. There is perhaps no better dor­ mitory for boys in the country, as every convenience is provided. The rooms are well furnished and comfortable. Two single beds, with springs and mattresses, a chiffonier, a combination table and bookcase, chairs, and rugs constitute the furniture of each room. Steam heat, electric lights, and hot and cold water faucets greatly enhance the comfort and convenience of these rooms. In addition to these features are good light, good ventilation, and ready access to shower baths on each floor. A competent matron is in charge, and three of the instructors also live in the building. There is a large general dining-room on the first floor that will accommodate one hundred persons. Students rooming here must furnish their own linens. Grounds, Buildings, and Equipment 73

Bennett Hall, erected in 1891, one of the halls of residence for young women, is a three-story building, well situated, and provides a most comfortable and attractive home. It is well furnished, heated with steam, lighted with electricity, equipped with single beds, and has hot and cold water in every room. Both single and double rooms are available. Occupants furnish then- own linens.

The Chapel, erected in 1882, a brick building, with com­ fortable appointments, is used for the daily assembly, recitals, lectures, and commencements, and other school convocations. It is well lighted with electricity and is equipped with a stereop­ ticon.

Blakeslee Hall, the gift of Mr. and Mrs. C. S. Blakeslee, a two-story brick residence, located upon a commanding elevation among stately trees, adjoins the campus. It is the residence of the Dean.

Hatfield Hall, erected in 1878, has been remodeled and made into an apartment house for use of married students. It is now, despite its age, one of the most attractive buildings on the campus. Electric light, shower baths, and all other necessary conveniences are offered here at a very low rate.

Cottages.—The University owns some small cottages, which are rented to self-boarding students at a low rate.

Faculty Residences.—Two valuable pieces of property ad­ joining the campus have been acquired by the School and are being used by members of the faculty for residences.

The Elizabeth Ritter Home, erected in 1891, founded and maintained by the Woman's Home Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, provides training in the various branches of household economics, and furnishes a safe and com­ fortable home for girls attending the School. Girls boarding here do not furnish any bed or table linens. The Home was opened in the autumn of 1891, with an enrollment of thirty girls. The Home having outgrown its accommodations, an annex, known as the Caroline C. Frazier Hall, was built in 1906-1907. Pro- 74 The Athens School visions can now be made for one hundred girls. Accommodations are promised in the order in which applications are received, so that any girl desiring to board here should forward her applica­ tion as early in the summer as possible. The Home is steam- heated and electric-lighted, the engine and boiler being outside the building, thus lessening the danger from fire. Excellent fire escapes are permanently attached to the building. For the pur­ pose of aiding girls in securing an education and of giving training in domestic industries, Ritter Home is conducted on the co­ operative plan. The members of the household have their daily duties, which are so distributed and directed as not to interfere with the school work. In connection with these duties, correct housekeeping is taught, each girl is graded according to the merit of her work. Prompt response to this plan is as essential as at­ tendance upon class work. Because of this co-operative plan, the special low rate of board is given, which includes room, fuel, light, and laundry privileges. A small amount of student aid is given to well-recommended girls in need of it. Only those are considered who are prompt and regular in attendance, and whose class work and deportment are satisfactory. Those receiving scholarships are required to remain the entire year. Besides instruction in general housekeeping duties, special courses are given in plain sewing and dressmaking, household economics, and sanitation and health. By the generosity of the late Captain H. S. Chamberlain, a beautiful sunny room has been fitted for the use of any who may become ill. A uniform dress has been adopted for street and church, consisting of a plain, dark-blue serge coat suit and college cap. The latter is bought at the Home. Every girl should bring with her a pair of rubbers, an umbrella, and two work aprons. All clothes should be plainly marked. Every girl should have a laundry bag and an ironing pad with her name on them. Nowhere are the best influences in the formation of character more marked than in the Elizabeth Ritter Home. To this can testify hundreds of women scattered all over the nation, who re­ ceived their training here. For further information, write Miss Carolyn A. Jenkins, Su­ perintendent of Ritter Home. The Foster Library 75

LABORATORIES The laboratories of the School, through the generosity of Mr. John W. Fisher, of the Board of Trustees, are unusually well equipped. The laboratory building contains a Bauseh and Lomb projection apparatus for illustrating geographical, physiological, and industrial features. The Chemical Laboratory is furnished with twenty-four desks for individual student use, each fitted with running water and sink, and is supplied with all standard apparatus and a full com­ plement of reagents for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The Physical Laboratory is equipped with flat-topped tables, having suspension frames for supporting purposes, and with cases containing such apparatus as barometers, air pump, electric ma­ chines, X-ray, and wireless telegraphy, calipers, Milliken's mod­ ification of Atwood's machine, calorimeters, photometers, D'Ar- sonval's galvanometer, etc. The Biological Laboratory and Museum contain cases of minerals and rocks, a collection of birds' eggs, skeletons of ver­ tebrates, preserved specimens of invertebrates, Kny-Scherer models of human body, five Bauseh and Lomb compound micro­ scopes, each equipped with one-sixth and two-thirds objectives, etc. THE FOSTER LIBRARY Mr. John W. Foster, now deceased, made a substantial dona­ tion towards the equipment of a library and reading-room. For this purpose ample space is provided in the C. H. Banfield Hall. As opportunity offers, additions will be made to the valuable collection of books already on hand. Many of the leading papers and magazines are kept on file, and all the appointments of the Library are attractive. The Library has been increased by the addition of about 2,500 books from the late Rev. John B. Jones, of the Upper Iowa Conference, and from the late Dr. M. M. Callen, of the Michigan Conference. Dr. Callen was an alumnus of the School of the class of 1872. The heirs donated the libraries. These books contain valuable works on Theology, Philosophy, Science, History, Biography, and Literature. The Library for the Normal Department has been recently increased and further additions are planned. 76 The Athens School

STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS Literary Societies There are four Literary Societies organized under the laws of the institution: The Athenian and Philomathean for men; the Sapphonian and Knightonian for women. Each has a separate hall, tastefully furnished, for meetings, and an appropriate library. Experience has demonstrated the value of these organi­ zations in developing literary taste, as well as ease and graceful­ ness of expression. Great interest has always been taken in this work by the students. Meetings are held every Friday evening at seven o'clock. Each Society entertains at an open meeting once a year, and also gives an annual public program in the chapel. In connection with the commencement exercises the Societies give public programs.

RELIGIOUS LIFE The student Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. have been very help­ ful in developing a moral and religious atmosphere in the institu­ tion. A short prayer-meeting is held every morning before chapel during the school year, and on Wednesday mornings the chapel hour is used by these organizations for meetings. The ministerial students also meet one evening each week. To this meeting other students are often invited with the result that numerous conver­ sions have taken place. Attendance on the daily chapel exercises is required of all students. I PHYSICAL TRAINING AND ATHLETICS PROFESSOR GOFORTH, Director for Boys. Miss BAYLESS, Director for Girls. The School is a strong advocate of "A sound mind in a sound body." With this in view, physical training is required of both boys and girls, exemption being made only upon physician's certificate. The result of this policy has been most beneficial to the general health and efficiency of the student body. The boys are given the army setting-up exercises each morn­ ing at 6.30 o'clock, following which an inspection of all rooms is Extension Work 77 made. The girls are given training in the Ritter Home gym­ nasium. The School has always stood for clean, wholesome athletics, and has ever given encouragement to the various athletic teams. During the past year teams were developed and schedules suc­ cessfully carried out in football, basketball, and baseball. Letters were awarded to the qualifying members of each team. Special attention has also been given during the year to tennis. Five courts offer opportunity to all lovers of this game. At the close of last football season a banquet was given by the Athletic Association in honor of the members of the team. At this banquet a new captain and a new manager were elected, and plans were discussed for the season of 1921. A number of games with leading teams of this section have already been scheduled, and indications are that a strong team will represent the School this fall. One of the pressing needs which the near future must supply is a suitable gymnasium. An athletic fee of $1.00 per term is required of all students. This entitles them to free admission to games.

EXTENSION WORK The plan for the School contemplates doing as much extension work as possible with the idea of serving its constituency with a maximum of efficiency. As part of this work may be noted the co-operation with the two Connectional Boards of the Methodist Episcopal Church, the Board of Education, and the Board of Home Missions and Church Extension. In co-operation with the latter there has been conducted for the past two years a three-weeks' School for rural pastors, attended by pastors from eight Southern States. For June, 1921, a still larger school is being planned. Much valuable work is done in these schools. The School is also heartily co-operaTmg with the Board of Home Missions in the develop­ ment of the Department of Religious Education and Rural Lead­ ership. The School also co-operates with the various county and city superintendents of education in every way possible. 78 The Athens School EXPENSES Tuition in Normal Department, per term |15 00 Tuition in Preparatory Department, per term 10 00 Tuition in Music, First and Second Grades, two thirty-minute lessons per week, per term 17 00 Tuition in Music, Third Grade, two thirty-minute lessons per week, per term 21 00 Tuition in Music, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Grades, two thirty-minute lessons per week, per term 24 00 Tuition in Elocution, two lessons per week, per term 14 00 Tuition in Art, per term 14 00 Tuition in Violin, per month 5 00 Incidental Fee, paid by all, per term 5 00 Athletic Fee, paid by all, per term 1 00 Laboratory Fee in Chemistry, per term 2 75 Laboratory Fee in Physics, per term 1 50 Laboratory Fee in Agriculture, per term 1 00 Diploma Fee ! 5 00 Certificate Fee 3 00 Apartment (three rooms) Hatfield Hall, per month 9 00 Room in Petty-Manker Hall, per month 4 00 Room in Bennett Hall, per month 4 00 Single rooms at Petty-Manker and Bennett Halls, per month 6 00 Board and room in Ritter Home, per month 10 00 Board in Petty-Manker Hall, per week 3 00 Tuition in Commercial Stenography, per term 6 00 Tuition in Commercial Typewriting, per term 5 00 Tuition in Bookkeeping, per term 6 00 NOTE.—The scholastic year of thirty-six weeks is divided into three terms. All charges for tuition, incidentals, and rents must be paid in advance, and no instructor will receive a student into his class except upon presentation of a ticket showing that a settlement has been made with the treasurer. No money is refunded when a student leaves before the end of a term, except in case of illness.

BENEFICIARY FUNDS AND SCHOLARSHIPS The Henrietta Banfield Memorial Fund.—The annual interest on five thousand dollars is available to apply on the tuition of a few needy, deserving students. This bequest is in memory of the deceased wife of Mr. William Banfield, one of the generous Trustees of the University. The A. Caroline Knight Memorial Fund.—By terms of the gift, five percent of the inventoried value of this fund is given each year to some worthy and needy student or students. Rules 79

Odd Fellows' Scholarship.—The Grand Lodge of Odd Fellows of the State of Tennessee is entitled to four perpetual scholarships. These are granted to the children of deceased Odd Fellows resident in East Tennessee. The beneficiaries are chosen, as far as practicable, from different sections of East Tennessee, by a trustee of the Grand Lodge. The trustee furnishes a certifi­ cate of selection which admits the student to the school, pro­ vided he conforms to its regulations. Students entering with these scholarships are perpetually exempt from paying tuition and incidental fees in the Preparatory Course. Ministers' children and candidates for the ministry with local preacher's license are exempt from paying tuition, but they are required to pay all other fees. Candidates for the ministry will be required to take at least one course per year in the Religious Education Department. No scholarships are available for students classified below the first preparatory year. Students awarded scholarships must make good records in class standing and deportment, and must com­ plete the work of the year. There are no free scholarships other than those above listed.

FINANCIAL AID The Board of Education of the Methodist Episcopal Church, through its loan fund, renders a limited amount of financial aid annually to worthy students. Applications for this should be made to the Dean.

PRIZES Through the generosity of Mrs. J. A. Patten, of Chattanooga, the annual contest in oratory, established years ago by Mr. Patten, was re-established in 1919, and prizes of fifteen and ten dollars offered. The contest is held in connection with the commence­ ment. The winners for 1920 were: First Prize, James M. Gambill Athens, Tenn. Second Prize, Miss Cora Cotter Patrick, N. C. Mr. J. W. Bayless, of Athens, offers annually prizes of fifteen and ten dollars for the winners in a contest in debate, which is held on Washington's birthday. The subject for debate in 1921 80 The Athens School was: "Resolved, That the United States would be justifiable in investigating the Irish Question." The winners for 1921 were: First Prize, Imogene Patton Litton, Tenn. Second Prize, Goldie Ward Chattanooga, Tenn. Mr. G. F. Lockmiller, President of the Citizens' National Bank of Athens, offers a prize of a handsome fountain pen to the student making the greatest improvement in penmanship. Winner for 1920 was Miss Addie Willoughby, of Jaeksboro, Tenn. A prize of twenty-five dollars is offered through the Depart­ ment of Rural Leadership to that student of the Department who shall write the best thesis of at least three thousand words on the subject: "Rural Life in Southern States." The subject should cover the following topics: the outstanding facts and tendencies of rural life; points of strength and weakness; a sug­ gested program for the future. Judges for awarding this prize will be chosen as follows: two from the Athens School Faculty; one from among the pastors of the local churches; one from among the officers of the local banks; and one from the Athens Kiwanis Club. These must be in the hands of the director of the Rural Leadership Department not later than May 1st. The prize will be given at commencement.

TERMS OF ADMISSION Candidates for admission must present certificates from reputable schools, or take a preliminary examination on entrance. Such preliminary examinations will be held at the beginning of each term. Students desiring to enter the Normal Course must have graduated from a Class I High School, recognized by the State or Southern Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools. For admission to Academic or College Preparatory Course, one must have completed the common school course. Especial emphasis is placed on the thoroughness of the preparation in common English, and any candidate for matriculation who cannot read or spell well is required to enter the classes where these subjects are taught. In every instance, testimonials of good moral character must Rules and Regulations 81 be furnished. For the scholastic requirements, see courses of study as printed in this catalogue. Students offering credits from other schools will be furnished with credit blanks, which they must have filled out and signed by the principal of the school from which they come. On the day of registration, each instructor will be in his class­ room to render assistance to any pupil concerning the work of the term or year. After matriculation, each student is regarded as a member of the school until excused by the Dean or the fac­ ulty. Parents desiring to withdraw their children must first consult the Dean. Candidates for admission must present a certificate of health to the effect that they are not suffering from any communicable disease, and that they have not recently been exposed to any contagion.

RULES AND REGULATIONS The policy of the School is to have the fewest rules and regu­ lations consistent with good order and wholesome conditions. Naturally, where a large number of young people are associated together, certain regulations must be in force, which would not be necessary if one individual only were concerned; but to a right- minded youth none of the restrictions or requirements will prove burdensome. All duly announced regulations, whenever made, are as bind­ ing as if printed in the catalogue. The following rules are in force, and all students must, upon entering, agree to observe them: 1. Students are required to register and adjust their bills immediately upon arrival. 2. Outside students not living with their parents are subject to the same general regulations as those who board in the dormi­ tories, and non-boarders must not visit the boarding halls during study hours without permission. 3. Strict observance of both day and evening study hours and of the hour for retiring is required of all pupils, boarders or otherwise, who are not living with their parents. 82 The Athens School

4. Study hours are from 8.00 A. M. to 11.45 A. M.; from 1.15 P. M. to 3.45 P. M.; and from 6.30 P. M. to 9.30 P. M. 5. Lights are to be out at 10.00 P. M. 6. Students are not allowed off the campus during study hours, nor after 9.30 P. M., except by permission. 7. Lack of preparation, or a desire to perform some other school duty, will not be sufficient cause for absence from regular school exercises. 8. Studies must not be dropped or new ones taken up with­ out permission from the Dean. 9. All excuses from school duties are to be obtained before­ hand, if possible, and in no case must they be deferred beyond the day following the absence. 10. No student may withdraw, except at the close of the term, unless excused by the Dean. Students must not be absent from town without permission. Suspension, and even expulsion, may follow violation of this rule, especially in the case of minors. 11. Instruction from teachers outside the School will not be allowed except by permission; nor shall any person not regularly enrolled as a pupil of the School receive instruction from any teacher of the School, except by permission. 12. Rooms must be in order for inspection before 8.00 A. M., and free access allowed officers and teachers at all times. 13. The use of electric irons and large light globes is not al­ lowed, except by permission from the office and the paying of an extra fee. 14. Card-playing, dancing, and attendance upon dancing parties are prohibited. 15. The use of tobacco in any form is prohibited in the School buildings and on the campus and athletic field. 16. Profane or indecent language and visiting pool-rooms will not be tolerated. 17. To insure the general safety of all, no student is allowed to have in his possession firearms, gunpowder, or other explosives. Rules and Regulations 83

18. Students who are minors must not contract debts of any kind, nor sell nor trade their property, nor lend nor borrow money, without written permission from parents or guardian, which must first be shown to the Dean. 19. Mixed parties of students are not allowed to go on pic­ nics or excursions except by permission, and then only when attended by a member of the faculty. 20. Nothing shall be presented at any public exercise of the School which has not been passed upon by the Dean or a desig­ nated member of the faculty. 21. The literary societies must not contract debts of any kind without the consent of the Dean, and in all matters are under the control of the faculty. 22. No student will be graduated whose indebtedness to the School, or to his or her society, is not paid or provided for. 23. All students are required to attend church on Sunday morning. 24. For the violation of the above or other regulations stu­ dents will be liable to demerits, fines, private or public reproof, suspension, or expulsion. COURSES OF INSTRUCTION

The School offers four regular courses and seven special courses. The regular courses are as follows: 1. The College Preparatory Course of four years of thirty-six weeks each, preparing for both the classical and the scientific courses in college, also for medical college. At the completion of this course, the student is given a diploma which will admit him to any college in the South without exam­ ination, the preparatory department being on the list of accredited schools of the Southern Association of Colleges and Preparatory Schools. 2. The Academic Course of four years of thirty-six weeks each. This course is to prepare teachers for the elementary schools of the State. At the completion of this course the student is given a certifi­ cate which will admit him to the Normal Course in any standard Normal School, and entitle him to receive, without examination, a State certificate to teach in any of the elementary schools of the State, the same to be granted under the authority of the State Superintendent of Public Instruction. A one-year course is pro­ vided for graduates of Class I High Schools. 3. The Normal Course of two years of thirty-six weeks each. This course is to prepare teachers for the public schools of the State. At the completion of this course the student is given a diploma, which is a life certificate of qualification to teach in any of the schools of the State except county high schools of the first class. An observation and practice school is maintained in connec­ tion with this course. 4. Religious Education and Rural Leadership.—This is a two-year course, and has as its object the training of young people, and especially ministers, for expert religious leadership in our small towns and rural sections. Upon finishing the course, the student is granted a diploma which will give him recognition as a trained leader. College 84 Credits 85 credit is given for work done in the Department, and credit is also given by the Annual Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church for work done in the Department corresponding to the requirements of the Conference Course of Study. See require­ ments for graduation. The special courses include the following: Piano— 1. Students completing Grade IV will be given a certificate. 2. Students completing Grade V will be given a diploma. Voice.— 1. A teacher's certificate is given at the end of the third year. 2. A diploma is given at the end of the fourth year. Violin.— 1. A certificate is given at the end of the third year. 2. A diploma is given at the end of the fourth year. Domestic Science.— 1. A diploma is given at the end of the third year. Domestic Art.— 1. A certificate is given at the end of the second year. Expression.— 1. A certificate is given at the end of the third year. 2. A diploma is given at the end of the fourth year. Commercial.— 1. A certificate is given at completion of the three-year course. 2. A certificate is given at completion of the one-year course.

CREDITS The unit of credit is the equivalent of one recitation a week for one term. In all special subjects—such as cookery, sewing, writing, drawing, industrial arts, and all laboratory work—the "credit" is one-half the equivalent of one recitation period per week for one term. The minimum requirements for the completion of the Aca­ demic Course are 240 "credits." The minimum requirements for the completion of the Normal Course and of the Religious Education and Rural Leadership Course are 120 additional "credits." 86 The Athens School

REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADUATION 1. College Preparatory Course.—A total of sixteen units, as defined by the Carnegie Foundation, is required for graduation from this course, of which certain units are required and others elective, as indicated in the course of study. The Pre-medical Course requires additional units. 2. Academic Course.—(a) Graduates of a first-class high school, or the equivalent, who are candidates for the Normal Diploma, may receive the Academic Certificate by meeting the requirements of the one-year course. (b) Students who have had no high-school work, or only a portion thereof, will be given the Academic Certificate upon the completion of all the work given in the Four-year Academic Course. 3. Normal Course.—Graduates of first-class accredited high schools who are candidates for the Normal Diploma will be admitted to the Junior Year, with conditions as follows: Primary Methods, 5 credits; Grammar Grade Methods, 5 credits; Educa­ tion III, 5 credits; Education IV, 5 credits; Music, 4 credits; Drawing, 3 credits; total, 27 credits. They may be conditioned also in American History, and Civics, 10 credits, and Physiology and Hygiene, 3 credits, if they have not had these subjects in their high-school course. 4. Course in Religious Education and Rural Leadership. —Graduates of first-class accredited high schools will be admitted to the Junior Year of this course. Fifteen credits will be required in Bible History of all students. All student pastors will be re­ quired to take the Rural Clinic courses. All ministerial students, other than student pastors, will be required to make 15 credits in this department in some other than the Bible course. The diploma of the department will be granted to those who gain 240 credits of secondary grade plus 120 credits of college or normal grade, of which 60 have been taken in this department. The certificate of the department will be given to those students gaining 240 credits in the Academic Course, 30 of which have been taken in this department. The Rural Clinic Courses are not included, but must be added to this work. Courses Offered 87

Special Certificates and Diplomas.—Special certificates and diplomas will be awarded to students who have completed the required work in the departments of piano, voice, violin, commercial subjects, domestic science, domestic art, and ex­ pression.

RECITATIONS AND EXAMINATIONS Each student must have not less than fifteen, nor more than twenty recitations per week, except by special permission of the faculty. A record is kept by each instructor, showing the grades of each student's daily work, and this, together with the result of a thorough written examination at the end of the term, must show an average of at least 70 on a scale of 100 before the student can be passed in any study. Reports of scholarship and deport­ ment are made out for each student at the close of the term. In recording grades, letters are used with the following sig­ nificance: A+ 95 to 100—Excellent. A 90 to 95—Very Good. B 80 to 90—Good. C 70 to 80—Fair. D Below 70—Failure. Any student desiring examination in any subject, except at the hour of class examinations, is required to make application to the faculty. If the request is granted, a fee of one dollar per recitation hour will be charged. Examinations for conditioned students will be held at the beginning of each term. It is very important that students enter classes at the begin­ ning of tie term, and keep in mind that constant, prompt at­ tendance is necessary for the attainment of high grades. Students must not leave classes, nor take up new studies, except upon written approval of the proper officers.

COURSES OFFERED AGRICULTURE BOOKKEEPING 1. Elementary 1. Elementary 2. Field Crops 2. Advanced 3. Animal Husbandry 3. Penmanship 4. Horticulture 88 The Athens School

DRAWING HOME ECONOMICS 1. Elementary 1. Elementary Cooking 2. Advanced 2. Elementary Sewing 3. Advanced Cooking EDUCATION 4. Advanced Sewing 5. Third-Year Cooking 1. History of Education 2. Elementary Psychology LATIN 3. School Management 1. First Year 4. Rural Sociology 2. Cffisar 5. General Psychology 3. Cicero 6. Child Study 4. Vergil 7. School Administration 8. School Sanitation MATHEMATICS 9. Educational Psychology 10. Educational Sociology 1. Arithmetic-Algebra 2. Algebra ENGLISH 3. Plane Geometry 4. Algebra 1. Composition and Rhetoric 5. Solid Geometry 2. Composition and Rhetoric 6. Trigonometry 3. English Literature 7. Teachers' Arithmetic 4. American Literature 8. College Algebra 5. Rhetoric 9. Analytic Geometry 6. Teaching Literature 7. Advanced Grammar METHODS 8. Advanced American Literature 1. General 9. Advanced English Literature 2. Primary 3. Grammar School EXPRESSION 4. Acad. Observation and Practice 1. First Year 5. Senior Observation and Practice 2. Second Year 6. Library PHYSICAL EDUCATION FRENCH 1. First Year 1. First Year 2. Second Year 2. Second Year 3. Third Year 3. Playground Methods

HISTORY RELIGIOUS EDUCATION 1. English 1. Bible History 2. Ancient 2. Sunday School Methods 3. European 3. Sunday-School Organization 4. Bible 4. Teacher-Training Methods 5. American 5. History of Religions 6. Civics 6. History of Methodism 7. Teaching of History 7. History of Christian Missions Courses Offered 89

RURAL LEADERSHIP SPANISH 1. Rural Clinics I and II *• Firs* Year 2. Rural Sociology 2- Second Year 3. Rural Economics 3. Third Year

SCIENCE STENOGRAPHY 1. General Science *• First Year 2. Biology 2- Second Year 3. Physics 4. Chemistry TYPEWRITING 5. Teachers' Geography 1. First Year 6. Advanced Physics 2. Second Year 7. Advanced Chemistry

COLLEGE PREPARATORY COURSE FIRST YEAR REQUIRED EIOECTIVB First Term English Composition and Classics Elementary Algebra First Latin or English History General Science Second Term English Composition and Classics Elementary Algebra First Latin or English History General Science Third Term English Composition and Classics Higher Arithmetic First Latin or English History General Science

SECOND YEAR REQUIRED ELECTIVB First Term (Take 2) English Composition and Classics Csesar Algebra Ancient History Second Term Same as the first term Third Term Same as the first term 90 The Athens School

THIRD YEAR First Term (Take 2) English Literature and Classics Cicero's Orations Plane Geometry Physics European History Second Term French or Spanish Same as the first Agriculture Third Term Same as the first

FOURTH YEAR First Term (Take 3) American Literature and Classics Solid Geometry Chemistry Second Term Bible History Same as the first term Vergil French or Spanish Third Term Advanced Algebra Same as the first term NOTE.—Chemistry or Physics is required of all; four years of foreign languages is required of all; in the classical course the four years must beall Latin. Solid Geometry is required in the Scientific Course.

ACADEMIC COURSE (60 Credits Required.) FIRST YEAR REQUIRED ELECTIVE First Term English Composition and Classics (5) Elementary Algebra (5) First Latin or English History (5) General Science (5) Second Term English Composition and Classics (5) Elementary Algebra (5) First Latin or English History (5) General Science (5) Third Term— English Composition and Classics (5) Higher Arithmetic (5) First Latin or English History (5) General Science (5) Courses Offered 91

SECOND YEAR (60 Credits Required) First Term— English Composition and Classics (5) Algebra (5) Biology (5) Caesar or Ancient History (5) Second Term— Same as first term Third Term- Same as first term THIRD YEAR (46 Credits Required; 20 Credits Elective) REQUIRED ELECTIVE First Term— English Literature and Classics (5) Cicero's Orations (5) History of Education (5) Agriculture (5) Plane Geometry (5) Domestic Science (5) Public School Music (2) Physics (5) European History (5) Second Term— English Literature and Classics (5) Cicero's Orations (5) Plane Geometry (5) Agriculture (5) Public School Music (2) Domestic Science (5) European History (5) Physics (5) Third Term- English Literature and Classics (5) Cicero's Orations (5) Plane Geometry (5) Agriculture (5) Rural Sociology (5) Domestic Science (5) Public School Music (2) Physics (5) European History (5) FOURTH YEAR (51 Credits Required; 15 Credits Elective) REQUIRED ELECTIVE First Term— American Literature and Classics (5) Solid Geometry (5) Elementary Psychology (5) Chemistry (5) General Methods (5) Vergil (5) Expression (2) French (5) Spanish (5) Second Term— American Literature and Classics (5) Bible History (5) Primary Methods (5) Domestic Science (5) Expression (2) Manual Training (5) Agriculture (5) Teachers' Arithmetic (5) 92 The Athens School

Third Term— American Literature and Classics (5) Same as above, except Advanced School Management (5) Algebra (5). Replaces Arith­ Observation and Practice Teaching(5) metic. Expression (2) (Physics or Chemistry Required)

NORMAL COURSE (See "Requirements for Graduation.") JUNIOR YEAR (51 Credits Required; 15 Credits Elective) REQUIRED ELECTIVE First Term— Rhetoric (5) Agriculture (5) Physical Education (2) Manual Training (5) General Psychology (5) French (5) Spanish (5) Second Term— Domestic Arts (5) Rhetoric (5) American History (5) General Psychology (5) Trignometry (5) Teachers' Arithmetic (5) College Algebra (4) Physical Education (2) Advanced American Literature Advanced English Literature Third Term— Teachers' Geography (5) Physical Education (2) SENIOR YEAR (46 Credits Required; 20 Credits Elective) REQUIRED ELECTIVE first Term— Teaching of Literature (5) Agriculture (5) Child Study (5) Civics (5) School Sanitation (5) French (5) Drawing (2) Spanish (5) Domestic Arts (5) Second Term— Analytic Geometry (5) Teaching of Literature (5) Educational Sociology (5) School Administration (5) Educational Psychology (5) Drawing (2) Third Term- Advanced Grammar (5) Observation and Practice Teaching (5) Drawing (2) Courses Offered 93

RELIGIOUS EDUCATION AND RURAL LEADERSHIP COURSE (See "Requirements for Graduation.") JUNIOR YEAR REQUIRED ELECTIVE Bible History (5) Agriculture (5) Religious Education (5) General Psychology (5) Rhetoric (5) General Sociology (5) Rural Clinic I (3) General Economics (5) American Literature (5) English Literature (5) French (5) Spanish (5) American History (5) Civics (5) Trigonometry (5) College Algebra (5) Analytic Geometry (5) Advanced Physics (5) Advanced Chemistry (5) (The subjects will be carried through the three terms of the Junior Year) SENIOR YEAR REQUIRED ELECTIVE History of Religions (5) Same as Junior Year Rural Sociology (5) Rural Clinic II (3) Expression (2) (During the second and third terms, Rural Economics will be substituted for Rural Sociology. Otherwise the subjects will remain the same throughout the year.) ONE-YEAR ACADEMIC COURSE (Open to graduates of first-class high schools.) First Term— Serond Term— General Psychology (5) General Psychology (5) Primary Methods (5) General Methods (5) Rhetoric (5) Grammar Grade Methods (5) Teachers' Arithmetic (3) Rhetoric (5) Expression (2) Teachers' Geography (3) Drawing (2) Third Term- School Management or School Administration (5) Observation and Practice Teaching (5) Teaching of Literature (3) Public School Music (2) Drawing (2) 94 The Athens School

PRE-MEDICAL COURSE (Open to graduates of high schools.) FIRST YEAR Rhetoric Chemistry French, Spanish, or Latin Solid Geometry or History (Advanced Algebra in Third Term) SECOND YEAR First Term— Second Term— Physics Physics Organic Chemistry Psychology Psychology Bible Literature French, Spanish, or Latin French, Spanish, or Latin Third Term- Physics Bible Literature Psychology French, Spanish, or Latin

COMMERCIAL COURSE FIRST YEAR REQUIRED English Composition and Classics Elementary Algebra and Arithmetic Bookkeeping General Science or English History Spelling SECOND YEAR English Composition and Classics Algebra Bookkeeping Typewriting Spelling THIRD YEAR English Literature Stenography Typewriting Commercial Law Spelling

ONE-YEAR COMMERCIAL COURSE (Prerequisite of Two Years' High-school Work.) Bookkeeping Commerical Law Stenography Spelling Typewriting English Literature DESCRIPTION OF COURSES

AGRICULTURE 1. Elementary Agriculture.—This course gives a general survey of the conditions of the farms. It includes a study of soils, farm crops, animal husbandry, dairy husbandry, and hor­ ticulture. Text: Sowder, Elementary Practice in Agriculture. 2. Field Crops.—This is an intensive study of the various crops to be grown, such as corn, wheat, oats, barley, rye, flax, cotton, legumes, crop rotation, and weeds. Text: Wilson and Warburton, Field Crops. 3. Animal Husbandry.—This course takes up a general study of the care, feeding, and judging of live stock, with special attention to poultry, hogs, and cows. Text: Harper, Animal Husbandry for Schools. 4. Horticulture.—Garden planning, planting, culture, dis­ eases and insects, and pruning of fruit are the principal topics of this course. Texts: Bailey, Principles of Fruit Growing; Lloyd, Productive Vegetable Growing.

COMMERCIAL SUBJECTS MRS. LOWE In the Commercial Department is taught a new and modern system of Shorthand, introducing new methods and abbrevia­ tions and shorter form in common use, especially contractions adapted to court reporting, etc.

TYPEWRITING We teach the Touch System; in fact, it is the only system worth learning. This system, besides yielding a far greater de­ gree of accuracy than the sight system, enables the operator to acquire much greater speed in transcribing his notes, and in 95 96 The Athens School

doing copying of any kind. It is the aim of this department to thoroughly drill the students of shorthand and typewriting in Actual Business Letter Writing, covering forty-two branches of business. BOOKKEEPING 1. This course first gives an introduction to business and business methods, which is followed by single-entry bookkeeping, and then by some work in double entry. Business correspondence is also fully treated. Texts: Teller and Brown, Business Course; Williams and Rogers, First Steps in Bookkeeping. 2. This course is a continuation of Course I, taking up more difficult sets of books in double entry. It also includes a study of commercial law. Penmanship.—This course is intended for those students who are deficient in their writing.

DOMESTIC ART MISS WILSON 1. Elementary Sewing.—Stitch forms, hemming, seams, bands, sewing on buttons, hooks and eyes, patching, darning, etc. Four periods per week. 2. Advanced Sewing.—The making of undergarments, shirtwaists, skirts, and dresses. Four periods per week. Students are required to furnish all working materials. Fees for students not living in Ritter Home, $1.00 per term. In the sewing department each girl is allowed to put a part of her time in the sewing classes upon her own wardrobe, so that she can be well dressed for the mere cost of materials.

DOMESTIC SCIENCE Miss MEREDITH 1. A study of the foods and the principles involved in their preparation. Two double periods per week. Laboratory fee, $1.00 per term. Text: Grier's Textbook of Cooking. 2. A study of the home, including an elementary course of Household Sanitation, Management, and Decoration. Three rec­ itation periods per week. Education 97

Continuation of Course I; also Invalid Cooking, making of budgets, balanced menus. 3. Advanced cooking, planning and preparation of meals. Red Cross Home Dietetics Course. One afternoon per week. Laboratory fee, $1.00 per term. A limited number of pupils not living in Ritter Home will be admitted to courses in Household Economics at a special rate of $3.00 per term. EDUCATION PROFESSOR DARROW, PROFESSOR KILBURN, DEAN ROBB 1. History of Education.—Text: Graves, Student History of Education. Five credits. The aim of this course is to give students an insight into the history and development of educational methods and institu­ tions so that they may be warned against mistakes of the past and provided with principles which will enable them to do con­ structive educational work. The History of Education as studied is closely correlated with the story of progress in all fields of human endeavor. 2. Elementary Psychology.—Text: Colvin and Bagley, Human Behavior. Five Credits. The aim of the course is to formulate" psychological principles and to provide information that may be applied to the solution of problems in teaching. Special effort is given to the emphasis of topics that are most closely related to the practical knowledge of every-day life. Among these are: instinct, habit, feeling, memory, attention, the nervous system, economy in learning. 3. School Management.—Text: Bagley, Classroom Man­ agement. Five credits. This course includes a study of the fundamental problems of school management, both within the school room and without. It is intensively practical, teaching fully the kind of problems which are sure to be encountered by the teacher in the manage­ ment of a school. 4. Rural Sociology.—Texts: Vogt, Introduction to Rural Sociology; Cubberley, Rural Life and Education. Ten credits. This course aims to give students a knowledge of rural condi- 98 The Athens School

tions and plans for the reorganization of rural schools, that they may function more largely in the life of the community. It also aims to give the study needed by the religious worker. 5. General Psychology.—Text: Angell, General Psychology. Ten credits. This course, beginning with the pupil's knowledge of first principles which he is supposed to have gained by a term of Ele­ mentary Psychology and going into a more detailed and more exact analysis of psychological principles than could be given in the first course, applies this knowledge to the problems of life in general and especially to problems of teaching. During the first term special attention is given to such a study of Social Psychology as will be of value in fitting the pupil for leadership both as a teacher in the class room and as a member of the community. 6. Child Study.—Text: Terman, The Hygiene of the School Child. Five credits. This course is a study of the stages of evolution of the physical and mental nature of the child, including the prominent features of adolescence. 7. School Administration.—Text: Colgrove, The Teacher and the School. Five credits. This course deals primarily with the various administrative features of schools, including a study of school officials—local, State, and national—their duties and jurisdiction; of school law, school finance, buildings, and equipment. 8. School Sanitation.—Text: Dressier, School Hygiene. Five credits. This course includes a study of the physical features of the schools, such as heating, lighting, and ventilation of building; the water supply; the improvement of health conditions of the stu­ dents in general. 9. Educational Psychology.—Text: Home, Psychological Principles of Education. Five Credits. This course seeks to apply the principles of child psychology to the learning and teaching processes. 10. Educational Sociology.-—Text: Smith, Introduction to Educational Sociology. Five credits. English 99

This course seeks to give the student an understanding of the science of sociology and the application of these principles to educational theory and administration.

ENGLISH Miss SELBY AND MISS BAYLESS 1. English Composition and Classics.—The essentials of Grammar are first reviewed. Attention is given to the correction of common errors in speech and writing. Much practice in oral and written composition is required. Classics.— First Term—Study: Courtship of Miles Standish; Evangeline; Reading: Treasure Island. Second Term—Study: Ivanhoe. Reading: Sketch Book. Third Term—Study: Merchant of Venice. Reading: Tale of Two Cities. Text: Lewis and Hosic, Practical English for High Schools. 2. Composition and Rhetoric.—A careful study of the four forms of discourse as well as grammar and diction, including the drama, the novel, the short story, the essay and poetry, to cultivate an appreciation of these forms of literature. The pupil is encouraged to be constructive rather than imitative. Written and oral themes three times a week throughout the year. Quota­ tions from the best literature. Reading: Macbeth; Enoch Arden; Tale of Two Cities; Vision of Sir Launfal; Cranford. Study: Merchant of Venice; Silas Marner; Lady of the Lake; Thanatopsis; Elegy in a Country Churchyard; She Stoops to Conquer. Text: Scott and Denney, The New Composition and Rhetoric. 3. English Literature.—This course includes a careful study of each epoch from the Anglo-Saxon period through the Victorian Era; a biography of every important writer; a study and analysis of some of the best works of each author. Essays and debates on subjects studied. The aim is to encourage every student to know literature both historically and personally; to enjoy as well as understand it; to desire to read good books; and to form his own opinion about what our Anglo-Saxon writers called "the things worthy to be remembered." Text: Halleck, New English Literature. 100 The Athens School

4. American Literature.—A thorough study of the Uvea of the chief American authors is first required. The best works of the writers are then read and studied. The purpose of this course is to give the student an intimate knowledge of the best American literature. Reading and Study: House of Seven Gables; Deerslayer; Gold Bug; Fall of the House of Usher; Autobiography; Emerson's Essays; Selections from Mark Twain and Joel Chandler Harris; the best poems of the chief American poets. Text: Halleck, American Literature. 5. Rhetoric.—Text: Genung, Practical Elements of Rhetoric. This is an advanced study of rhetorical principles, with prac­ tice in punctuation, letter writing, narration, description, and ex­ position upon subjects suited to the student's attainments. Two terms. 6. Teaching Literature.—This is a course in the selection and classification of literature suited to the grades, in story­ telling, and in all the methods and practice of teaching both prose and poetry. 7. Advanced Grammar.—An intensive^ course in the sub­ ject matter of grammar from a practical standpoint. The rela­ tion of the technical to the practical is stressed. Text: Kittredge and Farley, Advanced English Grammar. 8. Advanced American Literature.—This is an intensive study of the work of the following authors: Bryant, Poe, Emerson, Longfellow, Whittier, Holmes, Lowell, Whitman, Lanier. Text: Page, Chief American Poets. 9. Advanced English Literature.—This course gives a general survey of English Literature, attention being given to the causes which have produced the different epochs. Representa­ tive selections from the writers of various periods will be studied. Text: Manly, English Prose and Poetry.

EXPRESSION Miss SELBY The purpose of this department is to give thorough training in the technic and art of natural expression; to develop the pos­ sibilities and remove hindrances of students; to make natural History 101

readers; to encourage a love and appreciation of good literature through vocal interpretation; to prepare students for effective work as readers and teachers of expression and literature. Students' recitals will be given occasionally to stimulate the pupils and give ease and confidence of manner before an audience. 1. Physical training, poise, relaxing and energizing exercises, breathing exercises, phrasing, bodily expression, voice reading, tone production, volume, range, and agility, life study. Rep­ ertoire. Reading, phrasing, emphasis, inflection, enunciation, study of Longfellow and Tennyson. 2. Elements of oratorical action, principle of form, vocal formation. Study in melody and inflection, minor inflection, tone color, study and delivery of selections. Repertoire. Two years of advanced individual work for those desiring it.

FRENCH Miss SELBY 1. Beginners' Course.—Grammar and exercises; drill in pronunciation; memorizing of easy colloquial sentences; selections from French reader. 2. Grammar Continued.—Review of the irregular verbs; acquisition of the most important rules of syntax; Daudet, Trois Contes Choisis, or about fifty pages from a French Reader; M6ri- m6e, Colombo. Free reproduction and composition based on texts read; dictation. 3. Sight Reading.—Prose composition; conversation; songs and story-telling; modern prose selections from Hugo, Balzac, Merim^e, and other writers.

HISTORY DR. FERGUSON The mode of instruction in History is by a combination of the recitation and lecture methods. Each student is required to keep a notebook. Frequent reports, based on collateral reading, are required. The correlation of geography and history is stressed. 102 The Athens School

1. English History through the First Preparatory Year. Text: Cheney, Short History of England. 2. Ancient History through the Second Preparatory Year. Text: Morey, Outline of Ancient History. 3. European History through the Third Preparatory Year. This work begins with Charlemagne and continues to the present History of Europe. Text: Harding, Essentials of Medieval and Modern History. 4. English Bible through the Fourth Preparatory Year. Text: The Bible; Moulton, Literary Study of the Bible.

5. American History through the Fifth Year. Texts: Muzzey, American History; Woodrow Wilson, History of the American People. 6. Civics.—Text: Ashley, American Government. 7. Methods in History.—Text: Hinsdale, How to Study and Teach History.

LATIN DR. FERGUSON 1. Constant drill is given on the inflected forms. Students are taught to build up the word from the root itself. All the im­ portant points of syntax are studied, and constant reviewing is required. Strict attention is given to a correct pronunciation ac­ cording to the Roman method, to accentuation, and to quantity. The class work appeals both to the ear and the eye, the composi­ tion work being both oral and written. In all the translations into English, a pure idiomatic use of the English language is required throughout the entire four years' course. Text: Pearson, Essentials of Latin. 2. Csssar.—Gallic War, 1-4; prose composition. 3. Cicero.—Catiline, 1-4; Archias, Manilian Law; prose composition. 4.—Vergil.—iEneid, 1-6; Mythology; prose composition. Mathematics 103

MATHEMATICS PROFESSOR CRAIG AND PROFESSOR GOFORTH 1. The elements of Algebra are taught during the first and second terms of the first year, and Higher Arithmetic in the third term. All students who purpose entering either of these subjects should have correct methods and a good workable knowledge of the fundamentals of arithmetic. Special emphasis will be given to approved analytical processes, and accuracy in oral and written statements. Text: Wells and Hart, New High School Algebra. Chapters I-IX. 2. Algebra.—First Term.—Simple equations, fractional and literal; graphical representation; simultaneous equations with two or more variables; square root and quadratic surds; quadratic equations with one or two variables, with algebraic or graphical solution. Second Term.—Theory of quadratic equations; exponents, in­ cluding the fractional and negative; radicals, and radical and ir­ rational equations; imaginary and complex numbers. Third Term.—Advanced study of quadratics, with problems depending upon quadratic equations; ratio and proportion; varia­ tion, progression, binomial theorem, logarithms, permutations and combinations, determinants. 3. Plane Geometry— First Term.—Introduction and pre- liminary course, followed by Book I on rectilinear figures. Stu­ dents are required to do constructive work and give full and formal proofs of original exercises. During the year in which geometry is studied, emphasis is put upon clear thinking, accurate statements—oral or written—and logical reasoning. Second Term—Book II—The circle; relation of circles; tan­ gents; measurement of angles; original exercises. Book III—Theory of proportion and application to geometric figures; similar polygons; many numerical exercises. Third Term—Book IV—Areas of polygons; comparison and measurement of the surface of rectilinear figures; original work. 104 The Athens School

Book V—Regular polygons; measurement of the circle; areas of regular polygons and the circle; miscellaneous exercises. Text: Wells and Hart, Plane Geometry. 4. Advanced Algebra.—Five recitations a week during the first and second terms, followed by advanced study of quadratic equations with two variables and graphic solutions; radicals and radical equations; exponents and logarithms; ratio, proportion, and variation; progressions; permutations and combinations; determinants, and theory of equations. Text: Wells and Hart, Second Course in Algebra. 6. Solid Geometry.—Five recitations a week during the first term. Attention will be given to properties of the plane, various kinds of angles, polyhedrons, prisms, cylinders, pyramids, cones, and the sphere with spherical angles and triangles, and many practical exercises. 6. Plane Trigonometry.—To this subject a full term is given with daily recitations, treating trigonometric functions of angles, right triangles, oblique triangles, circular measure, trig­ onometric analysis. Given the third term. 7. Teachers' Arithmetic, giving history of arithmetic, courses, methods of study and teaching, practical values in study­ ing it, subjects it shall include, teaching by the use of equation or formula, written analysis, and many exercises. 8. College Algebra—First Term.—A review of algebraic functions and of equations—linear and quadratic; ratio, propor­ tion, and variation; progressions, complex numbers, and log­ arithms. Second Term.—General theory of equations and solutions for roots; series, undetermined coefficients, permutations, combina­ tions, and determinants. 9. Analytic Geometry—First Term.—An elementary course treating of algebraic principles, rectangular co-ordinates, the straight line and the circle, with numerous exercises. Second Term.—Second-degree equations, covering the ellipse, the parabola, the hyperbola; also locus problems, polar co-ordinates, and plane curves. Methods and Practice Teaching 105 METHODS AND PRACTICE TEACHING Miss SCHNEIDER 1. General Methods.—Text: Strayer, Brief Course in the Teaching Process. Five credits. A careful study is made of the principles which are essential for skillful teaching. The standard and types of lessons are thoroughly discussed in class and visits to the Observation School, where practical application is observed. Note book will be kept. Prerequisite, Elementary Psychology. 2. Primary Methods.—Text: Rapeer, Teaching Elemen­ tary School Subjects. Five credits. This course includes a study of subject matter and methods for the primary grades, which will include a study of State- adopted text-books for these grades. Observation is required. Prerequisites, Elementary Psychology and Principles of Teaching. 3. Grammar School Methods.—Text: Charter, Teaching the Common Branches. Five credits. This subject will deal with subject matter and methods in the following special subjects: spelling, penmanship, language, read­ ing, geography, history, and arithmetic. Observation is required. Prerequisites: Elementary Psychology, or equivalent, and General Methods. 4. Academic Observation and Practice Teaching.— Five credits. Assigned work in observation and practice teaching is to be done in either primary or grammar grades, under the supervision of the critic teachers. Prerequisites: Elementary Psychology, or equivalent, General Methods, and either Grammar School or Primary Methods. 5. Senior Observation and Practice Teaching.—Five credits. This course is open only to those who are applicants for the senior Normal Diploma. Prerequisites: Elementary Psychology, or equivalent, General Methods, and either Grammar School or Primary Methods. 6. Library Methods.—Two credits. Study of State school library laws and State list of books for school libraries. Organization and care of school libraries, includ- 106 The Athens School ing practical methods in classifying, shelf-listing, cataloging and systems for loaning books. Study of reference books, govern­ ment publications, and periodicals.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION PROFESSOR GOFORTH AND MISS BAYLESS 1. Work that will aid in the all-round development of the body is given in the first year. The elements of marching tactics, Swedish gymnastics, setting-up exercises, folk and athletic games —such as indoor baseball, basket ball, Newcomb and lawn tennis —are given. 2. Practice in teaching physical education is required through­ out the year. Students are given thorough drill in the manage­ ment of a gymnasium class.

3. Playground Methods.—This course is arranged for teachers and for those desiring to specialize in physical education. It includes lecture work and actual practice in the management of playgrounds. The rules of many games are learned, and stu­ dents are given practice in umpiring and refereeing.

PIANO

MISS MOFFITT It is our purpose to make the study of music a leading feature. The department offers the public a thorough and extensive course in this fine art. Those desiring special musical advantages may expect conscientious work, and, with proper application on the part of the pupil, the best results. The piano course is divided into six grades. Grades 1 and 2—Preparatory.—Proper position of the hand and foundations of technique; selected studies by Koehler, Martin, Crosby-Adams, Forsyth, Matthews, Schumann, Gurlitt, Czerny, Reinecke, and others. Grades 3 and 4—Academic.—Technical work by Heller, Loeschorn, Czerny; Bach's Little Preludes; sonatinas by Clement, Kuhlak, Mozart, and others; octave studies by Turner and Low. Public School Drawing 107

Grades 5 and 6—Advanced Technical Work.—Studies by Liszt, Clementi, Cramer, Czerny, itudes by Chopin; Kuhlak's Octave Studies; Bach's Well-Tempered Clavichord; Beethoven's Sonatus Concertos. Selections for solo work by the best composers of the classical, romantic, and modern schools, suitable for each grade, will be given with the above studies. Grade 4 completed satisfactorily entitles a student to a cer­ tificate. Grade 5 completed satisfactorily entitles a student to a di­ ploma. Grade 6 is considered post-graduate work. No strict course can be outlined, as the teacher must look to the development of the individual pupil. This course shows the requirement, so that its equivalent may be used if necessary. All students should take the theoretical course, which cul­ tivates Bound musicianship. This course consists of Harmony, Theory, History (musical), and Sight-singing.

PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC MRS. HEDGE 1.—First Term.—Two credits. The teaching of School Music. Graded and ungraded schools. Text: Schoen, School Song Book, Music in the Rural School and Community. Primary Grades. 2. Second Term.—Two credits. Text: Schoen, School Song Book. Advanced grades. The Appreciation of Music. Lectures and reports.

PUBLIC SCHOOL DRAWING Drawing.—One term. Three credits. (a) This course deals with the fundamental principles of art structure: first as to line spacing, proportion, arrangement; second, as to dark and light; and third, as to color. (b) Principles of perspective, object drawing in pencil and crayola, lettering, posters, and advertisements. 108 The Athens School

(c) Household Decorations. The house, rooms, floors, walls and their coverings, furniture, and the choosing and hanging and framing of pictures are discussed. Pupils are led to see that good taste is not so much a question of money as of cultivated appreciation and judgment.

RELIGIOUS EDUCATION PROFESSOR KILBURN Bible History.—First term, Old Testament History; second term, The Life and Time of Jesus; third term, Paul and His Work. The texts used will depend upon those required by the Confer­ ence Course of Study. Religious Education.—First term, Sunday School Methods; second term, Sunday School Organization; third term, Normal Class in Teacher-Training. In this work, the texts used will de­ pend upon the requirements of the Conference Course of Study, and also upon the requirements of the Teacher-Training Course of the Board of Sunday Schools of the Methodist Church. History of Religions.—First term, an introduction to the study of Comparative Religion; second term, a study of Metho­ dism, its origin, growth, and present organizations; third term, a study of the growth of Christian Missions, their present scope and needs. Texts used will be determined as above.

RURAL LEADERSHIP PROFESSOR KILBURN Rural Church Clinic.—This course includes the making of village and rural community surveys, reports from students, and lectures by the professor. Such subjects as the following are treated: Methods of Evangelism, Co-operating with Other Agencies, Church and Community Programs, Pastoral Visita­ tion, Social Activities, Young People's Work, etc. No specified text. Rural Economics.—In this course the following subjects are among those to be studied: General Principles of Sociology, Historical Sketch of Modern Agriculture, The Factors of Agri­ cultural Production, Farm Management, Distribution of Agri­ cultural Income, Problems of Rural Social Life. Text: Carver, Principles of Rural Economics. Science 109

Rural Sociology.—Among the subjects considered in this course are: Rural Social Organization; Improvement of Agri­ cultural Methods; Means of Communication; Movements of Population; Rural Health; Rural Morality; Social Welfare; Farmers' Economic and Social Organizations; The Rural School; The Church and Country Life; Health and Sanitation in Villages; Village Political Life, etc. Text: Vogt, Introduction to Rural Sociology.

SCIENCE PROFESSOR HAMBY AND PROFESSOR CRAIG 1. General Science.—An elementary, but thoroughly prac­ tical course, designed to awaken and develop an interest in sci­ entific subjects and to help the student to acquire the scientific point of view. Instruction will consist of recitations, lectures, individual laboratory work, and one written review each week. (a) The work of the first term will include, among other topics, a study of heat; foods and food preservation; fuels; house­ hold chemicals; yeast; and dyes. (b) The work of the second term is a continuation of (a) and investigates the common metals used in the home; oils; paints and varnishes; simple electric devices; currents; pumps, their construction and use; and other topics of general interest. (c) The third term is given to the study of color; sound; city water supply; climate, mountains; earthquakes, volcanoes, geysers, and other natural phenomena. Text: Schneider, Every-Day Science. 2. Biology.—An introductory course given throughout the second year of the Academic Course. This course is designed to give the student a practical and sympathetic appreciation of the structure and functions of plant life and animals, and of the in­ terrelation of these and man. (a) The first term will be devoted to the study of functions and composition of living things; environment; flowers, fruits, and seeds—structure and function of leaf and stem, and methods of reproduction. 110 The Athens School

(b) A continuation of (a). Among the topics studied are: Modification of plants due to environment; protozoa and met- azoa; mollusks; insects; vertebrates, and mammals.

(c) This term continues the preceding course, considering the following subjects: Man as a mammal; food, digestion, and absorption; circulation of the blood; respiration; the nervous system and sense organs. The work of the three terms will include lectures, recitations, and laboratory investigation, together with frequent written reviews. Five recitations and two laboratory periods per week. Text: Hunter, Civic Biology.

3. Physics.—A thorough and practical course in the elements of physics. The work is designed to give the student a firm grasp of underlying principles and laws of the science, and to develop his interest by studying these principles in the light of modern discoveries and developments.

(a) The first term will study molecular physics; mechanics; motion; work; and other subjects.

(b) A continuation of (a), investigating, among other topics, sound, heat, and light. (c) The third term will be given to the study of magnetism, electricity, electromagnetic induction, and dynamo-electric ma­ chinery. Instruction will be given by lectures, recitations, indi­ vidual laboratory work, and written reviews. Five recitations and two hours' laboratory work per week. Text: Carhart and Chute, Physics with Applications. 4. Chemistry.—An elementary course in general chemistry. This course is intended to give the student a comprehensive grasp of the fundamental laws of chemistry, and to lay the foundation for future work.

(a) The work of the first term will include, besides a general introduction to the science, a study of a number of the most common elements and compounds, including those of the at­ mosphere; the atomic theory; acids, bases, and salts; and the effects of heat, light, and electricity on chemical action. Science 111

(b) A continuation of (a). Some of the topics investigated are molecular weights; cyanogen and the cyanides; the hydro­ carbons; the halides, and the differentiation of metals and non- metals. (c) The third term will be devoted to a detailed study of the common metals, and of standard methods for their separation and detection. The last month of this term will be given to a careful study of the periodic grouping of elements, spectrum analysis, and an investigation of the more common organic com­ pounds. The instruction will include lectures, recitations, individual laboratory work under personal direction of the instructor, and written reviews. Five recitations and two hours' laboratory work per week will be required. Text: Newell, General Chemistry. 5. Teacher's Geography.—This course is intended to give the student a comprehensive grasp of the subject of geography, plus knowledge and ability to develop same in others. 6. Physics, Advanced.—First term's work includes studies in mechanics and molecular physics. Four hours' class work and two hours laboratory per week required. Text: Millikan & Mills, Mechanics, Molecular Physics and Heat. Second term's work will continue the preceding course and begin the study of electricity. Four hours' class work and two hours' laboratory per week required. Text: Millikan & Mills, Electricity, Sound, and Light. Third term's work will complete the preceding course, using the same text. Prerequisites: Physics (a), (b), and (c). 7. Chemistry, Advanced.—An advanced course in general chemistry continued through three terms, requiring four hours' class work and two hours' laboratory per week. Text: McPherson & Henderson, A Course in General Chem­ istry. Prerequisites: Physics (a), (b), and (c); and Chemistry (a), (b), and (c). 112 The Athens School

SPANISH DEAN ROBB 1. Rudiments of grammar; rules of written accentuation; drill in pronunciation; colloquial exercises; Spanish readings; dic­ tation. 2. Review of irregular verbs and of syntax in connection with the reading of Alarc6n, Novelas cortas; Tamayo y Baus, Mds vale mafia que fuerza; Gald6s, Dona Perfecta; free reproduc­ tion; dictation; easy sight reading. 3. Alarc6n, El sombrero de tres picos; Gald6s, Electra; Valera, Pepita JimSnez; Gil y Zarate, Guzmdn el bueno; Spanish conversa­ tion based on the texts read and on assigned topics; sight reading; translation largely eliminated.

Violin This department is located in Bennett Hall, where an excellent studio is provided. Students, aside from instruction offered di­ rectly by this department, have opportunity for membership in the orchestra of the institution, and for attendance upon the large number of recitals and concerts given during the year at the chapel. Voice DR. HEDGE Voice training, implying principles of breathing, voice placing, elementary vocalization, enunciation, and sight reading. Inequal- eties of the voice are made even by proper practice. Songs se­ lected from the best composers, suitable for the needs of the individual pupil, are given at the teacher's judgment. REGISTER OF STUDENTS

Diploma Course SENIORS Callen, Willie Evans Athens, Tenn. Sarten, O. R Sevierville, Tenn. Fleeman, Angie Charleston, Tenn. JUNIORS Brown, Lela Athens, Tenn. McMahon, Sarah Lou, Crumley, Katherine... Prendergast, Tenn. Madisonville, Tenn. Erwin, Myrtle Athens, Tenn. Martin, LeRoy Chattanooga, Tenn. Ferguson, Mary Inez... Englewood, Tenn. Millard, Edward Riceville, Tenn. Hawk, Rosa Nell...... Lenoir City, Tenn. Smith, Hobart Athens, Tenn. Hornsby, Robert Athens, Tenn. Spiggle, Fannie Athens, Tenn. Hutsell, Themis Athens, Tenn. Sudderth, Hattie Kate Athens, Tenn. Torbett, Rossie Lena Athens.Tenn.

Academic Course SENIORS Harrison, Viola Cleveland, Tenn. Newman, Ruth Dandridge, Tenn. McClellan, Nada Madisonville, Tenn.

Preparatory Course FOURTH YEAB Cupp, Bertha New Tazewell, Tenn. Lockwood, Mabel Otway, Ohio Easley, Vida Burrville, Tenn. *Ogle, E. H Knoxville, Tenn. Gambill, James M Athens, Tenn. Risley, Mary Johnnie, Chattanooga, Tenn. Goodwin, Nina ....Mountain City.Tenn. Styles, Flora Juno, Ga. Hampton, Fannie Athens, Tenn. Swafford, Willie Pikeville, Tenn. Harmon, Alma Newport, Tenn. Usleman, Gladys Jacksonville, Fla. Howell, Mary Mae. .Mountain City, Tenn. Winkler, Beatrice Cleveland, Tenn. Jessee, Roma New Tazewell, Tenn. *Wrenn, C. G Odessa, Fla. THIRD YEAR Barlow, Maye Creston, N. C. Hotalen, Clyde Chattanooga, Tenn. Bible, Flora Lillian.. .Russellville, Tenn. Hutsell, Seth Athens.Tenn. Burn, Otho Virginia Niota, Tenn. Johnson, Eugene Oakdale, Tenn. Butler, Mary Sevierville, Tenn. Judd, Cora Belle Oakdale, Tenn. Cardwell, Ralph Meadow, Tenn. LaRue, Paul Parrottsville, Tenn. Cate, Pauline Athens, Tenn. Large, Frances Athens, Tenn. Chambers, Ray Riceville, Tenn. Leedy, Bertie Lou . .Indian Springs.Tenn. Daniels, W. Clay Statesville, N. C. Mauldin, Curtis Trade, Ala. Donnelly, Clara Trade, Tenn. Nicley, Nolan Liberty Hill, Tenn. Duff, Nelle Lenoir City, Tenn. Nicley, Zala Liberty Hill, Tenn. Edwards, Leona Graysville, Tenn. Norton, Joe Charleston, Tenn. Felkins, Willie Bremen, Ala. Parker, Tressie Trade, Ala. Gentry, Emily Murphy, N. C. Patton, Imogene Litton, Tenn. Gillis, Stella Oakdale, Tenn. Reeder, Mary Welaka, Fla. Graves, Clio Robert Goin, Tenn. Skelton, Stella Mae Riceville, Tenn. Graves, Walter Goin, Tenn. Slagle, Merrill Athens.Tenn. Greene, Bessie Athens, Tenn. Smathers, Frank Canton, N. C. Grier, Worth Alto, Ga. Smith, Austin Crossville, Tenn. Hampton, Robert Athens, Tenn. Smith, Pearl Crossville, Tenn. * Conditioned. 113 114 The Athens School

Smith, Ruth Chattanooga, Tenn. Weidler, J. Wesley Jacksonville, Fla. Spangler, Luola Speedwell, Tenn. Welch, Lillie Mae Liberty Hill, Tenn. Taylor, Ralph Letitia, N. C. Wilkinson, W. D Wadley, Ala. Teague, Iona Allenhurst, Fla. Zeigler, Nelle Giles, W. Va. Ward, Goldie Chattanooga, Tenn.

SECOND YEAR Barnard, Etta Ruth Kingston, Tenn. Hornsby, Carolyn Athens, Tenn. Bayless, Reba Athens, Tenn. House, Hazel Chattanooga, Tenn. Bonine, Dewey Ironsburg, Tenn. Jillson, Floyd Soddy, Tenn. Bowen, Verneese Chattanooga, Tenn. Johnson, H. B Athens, Tenn. Brendle, Luther Englewood, Tenn. Knapp, Hannah Tullahoma, Tenn. Brogan, Roxie Goin, Tenn. Knox, Prentice Etowah, Tenn. Brown, Welbourn Springfield, Tenn. McCrary, Mary Knoxville, Tenn. Craig, Ronald Athens, Tenn. Matthews, Louise .... Chattanooga, Tenn. Dew, Joseph M Athens, Tenn. Mauldin, William B Trade, Ala. Dodson, W. H Athens, Tenn. Mauldin, William Earl Trade, Ala. Dorris, W. G Springfield, Tenn. Melear, Gertrude Athens, Tenn. Erwin, Willie McDonald, Tenn. Moore, Mark M Knoxville, Tenn. Foster, Hubert Athens, Tenn. Pedigo, Lena Smithville, Tenn. Frazier, Clara Mae Knoxville, Tenn. Raby, Blanche Etowah, Tenn. Fry, Jennie Mae Cincinnati, Ohio Reeder, Franklin Welaka, Fla. Glenn, Roscoe E Miami, Fla. Strickland, Ethel Chattanooga, Tenn. Hampton, Hattie Eugenia, Walker, Grace St. Louis, Mo. Mineral Bluff, Ga. Ware, Crystal Cleveland, Tenn. Hampton, Verdie Mae Athens, Tenn. Widener, Ellis Crossville, Tenn. Hartness, Bonnie Chattanooga, Tenn. Wilkinson, W. Dallas Pulaski, Tenn. Holt, Hazel Ooltewah, Tenn. Zeigler, Carlisle Giles, W. Va. Holt, Ruby .Ooltewah, Tenn.

FIRST YEAR Alley, Bessie G Oakdale, Tenn. Gillis, Hobart Oakdale, Tenn. Arnwine, Annie Lee Etowah, Tenn. Graves, Anna Lou Goin, Tenn. Ashley, Hazel Trade, Ala. Gray, Charles Goin, Tenn. Aycock, Emory Blue Ridge, Ga. Green, Ella Mae Athens, Tenn. Barger, Martha Big Spring, Tenn. Harris, Jessie Jean Tampa, Fla. Battle, Lena Mae Canton, N. C. Hatfield, Kathleen Chattanooga, Tenn. Bivens, William Athens, Tenn. Hayes, E. Cornell Etowah, Tenn. Blevins, Blanche Glen Cove, Va. Huff, Lillie Pigeon Forge, Tenn. Bowers, Clifford Birchwood, Tenn. Hutton, Ethel Mae Marion, Va. Brock, Hobart M Athens, Tenn. Irwin, Daisy LaFollette, Tenn. Brown, Norris Springfield, Tenn. Johnson, Mrs. V. V Athens, Tenn. Brown, A. A Horton, N. C. Julian, Cecil Knoxville, Tenn. Burns, Clyde Athens, Tenn. Kirkwood, Alice Lake Como, Fla. Bryson, Lola Athens, Tenn. Kittrell, Naomi Loudon, Tenn. Bryson, William Athens, Tenn. Lemarr, Alma Speedwell, Tenn. Campbell, Pearl Telford, Tenn. Lowry, O. H. E Reynham, N. C. Carroll, Mitchell Tallapoosa, Ga. Mann, Fonzo Canton, N. C. Cathcart, William Turner.... Miami, Fla. Mauldin, Joseph Trade, Ala. Cavaleri, Emilio E Rossville, Ga. Melton, Madine Athens, Tenn. Champion, Irene Murphy, N. C. Melton, Roy Andersonville, Tenn. Coldwell, Anna Mae Athens, Tenn. Mitchell, Winnie Athens, Tenn. Coldwell, J. F Athens, Tenn. Moore, Nela Bowden, Ga. Cox, Pauline Wytheville, Va. Murphy, Clara Waco, Ga. Craig, Elizabeth Athens, Tenn. Murphy, Lillie Waco, Ga. Creighton, Paul Coalmont, Tenn. Murray, Gertrude Niota, Tenn. Crowder, Isaac G.. Roan Mountain, Tenn. Newton, Chester Fries, Va. Culberson, Marjorie, Nichols, Mabel Patrick, N. C. Washington Court House, Ohio Norton, Herbert Charleston, Tenn. Davis, Allie Trade, Ala. Offutt, Theresa Chattanooga, Tenn. Douglas, Reba Statesville, N. C. Parham, Arnie Burke, Tenn. Douglas, Retta Statesville, N. C. Pedigo, Maude Smithville, Tenn. Duncan, Blythe Knoxville, Tenn. Perry, Bertha Trade, Ala. Eldridge, Mary Sue.... Lenoir City, Tenn. Poore, Gertrude Fork Ridge, Tenn. Ellis, John Anniston, Ala. Porter, Dorothy Chillicothe, Ohio Foster, Mary Mascott, Tenn. Powell, Bernice Big Spring, Tenn. Register of Students 115

Prothro, Mary Tunnel Hill, Ga. Vandergriff, Letcher W.. Knoxville, Tenn. Pugh, Marybel Kizer, Tenn. Walker, Lena N Sevierville, Tenn. Rayl, Thomas Athens, Tenn. Ward, Catherine Niota, Tenn. Robb, James B Athens, Tenn. Ward, Pauline Niota, Tenn. Sadler, Louise Chattanooga, Tenn. Watts, Nora Etowah, Tenn. Smathers, Vaughn Canton, N. C. Weidler, Mabel Jacksonville, Fla. Smith, Shirley Niota, Tenn. Wilkinson, Mrs. Maud Pulaski, Tenn. Sprinkle, Catherine.... Sweetwater, Tenn. Willoughby, Addie Jaeksboro, Tenn. Swafford, Lucy Litton, Tenn. Zeigler, Margaret Giles, W. Va. Thomas, Blanche Athens, Tenn.

Irregular

Aycock, William Blue Ridge, Ga. Morris, Mary Lugenia Mt. Zion, Ga. Bilbrey, Opal Harriman, Tenn. Perkins, A. N Jellico, Tenn. Chambers, Ruth Riceville, Tenn. Reed, Margaret Harriman, Tenn. Hampton, Braska Marietta, Ga. Schumann, Karl G Athens, Tenn. Hipp, Kenneth Ellijay, Ga. Teague, Sallie LaFollette, Tenn. Lee, Maude Irene Lenoir City, Tenn.

Sub-Preparatory Allen, James B Cleveland, Tenn. Lane, Lottie Mae Odessa, N. C. Bailey, Mary Kate Kingston, Tenn. Lane, Julia Chattanooga, Tenn. Bonine, F. Franklin... .Ironsburg, Tenn. Lewis, Iva Maude Athens, Tenn. Brakebill, Elsie Lee. .Madisonville, Tenn. Milem, A. P Mt. Vernon, 111. Brown, Velma Athens, Tenn. Neisler, Charles Hugh, Carroll, Belle Tallapoosa, Ga. Bowling Green, Ky. Crowley, Kenneth Haw Knob, Tenn. Poole, Lawrence Springfield, Tenn. Ditmore, Roy Young Etowah, Tenn. Quails, Raymond Algood, Tenn. Fite, Lucile Huntersville, N. C. Randall, Edith Mae Canto, N. C. Hamby, Fred Herschel Farner, Tenn. Sandusky, James... Lawrenceburg, Tenn. Hillis, Revida McMinnville, Tenn. Stevens, Louise Tellico Plains, Tenn. Johnson, Bonnie Canton, N. C. Tyson, Sylvan Atlanta, Ga. Johnson, Elmer Etowah, Tenn. Vandergriff, Mrs. Sarah.Knoxville, Tenn. Johnson, Ray Etowah, Tenn. Wild, Alvertie Oakdale, Tenn. Jones, Beryel Lansing, N. C. Willis, Omar Tallapoosa, Ga. King, Otis Englewood, Tenn. Wilson, Eulah Athens, Tenn.

Piano Adams, Mary Garten, Clara Barlow, Maye Gettys, Ruth Bayless, Reba Greene, Bessie Bible, Elizabeth Hampton, Braska Bible, Flora Lillian Hampton, Hattie Bible, Huberta Harmon, Alma Bivens, William Hartness, Bonnie Burn, Otho Hoback, Catherine Butler, Mary Hoback, Margaret Buttram, Audrey Hornsby, Lucy Campbell, Pearl Hutsell, Dorothy Cardwell, Ralph Johnson, Mary Carroll, Edith Jones, Beryel Childress, Mary Neal Kinser, Marie Creighton, Paul Kirkwood, Alice Crowe, Pauline Knight, Helen Dodson, Helen Large, Frances Donnelly, Clara Lassiter, Helen Duncan, Blythe Leedy, Bertie Lou Foree, Grace McConkey, Mildred Foster, Grace McCrary, Mary Foster, Mary Melear, Gertrude 116 The Athens School

Miller, Annie Lou Robb, James B. Miller, Clyde Smith, Pearl Miller, Edward Spiggle, Kate Miller, Robert Strickland, Ethel Mitchell, Winnie Swafford, Lucy Moore, Nelah Swafford, Willie Nicley, Nolan Walthall, Blanche Nicley, Zala Welch, Lillie Mae Parham, Arnie Weidler, Mabel Pedigo, Lena Williams, Emma Sue Prather, Sara Willson, Dorcas Prothro, Mary Willson, Julia Riddle, Gussie Rose Zeigler, Carlisle Robb, Hester Zeigler, Nelle Domestic Science THIRD YEAR Barlow, Maye Howell, Mary Mae Bible, Flora Lillian Jessee, Roma Bible, Mrs. Lilly Skelton, Stella Mae Cate, Pauline Spiggle, Fannie Cupp, Bertha Teague, Iona Fleeman, Angie Ward, Goldie Goodwin, Nina Winkler, Beatrice SECOND YEAR Barlow, Maye Howell, Mary Mae Bible, Mrs. Lilly Jessee, Roma Cupp, Bertha Johnson, Mrs. V. V. Gentry, Emily Kittrell, Naomi Goodwin, Nina Nichols, Mabel Hartness, Bonnie Patton, Imogene Holt, Hazel Teague, Iona Holt, Ruby Zeigler, Carlisle FIRST YEAR Alley, Bessie Frazier, Clara Mae Ashley, Hazel Hampton, Braska Barger, Martha Huff, Lillie Craig, Elizabeth Matthews, Louise Cox, Pauline Pedigo, Lena Culberson, Marjorie Porter, Dorothy Davis, Allie Sprinkle, Catherine Douglas, Reba Styles, Flora Douglas, Retta Usleman, Gladys Edwards, Leona Zeigler, Nelle Eldridge, Mary Sue Domestic Art SECOND YEAR . Arnwine, Annie Lee Jessee, Roma J Barnard, Ruth Newman, Ruth Edwards, Leona Nichols, Mabel Frazier, Clara Mae Raby, Blanche Goodwin, Nina Skelton, Stella Holt, Hazel, Teague, Iona Holt, Ruby Usleman, Gladys FIRST YEAR Alley, Bessie Barnard, Ruth Bailey, Mary Kate Burn, Otho Barger, Martha Carroll, Belle Register of Students 117

Chambers, Ray Murray, Gertrude Culberson, Marjorie Parham, Arnie Donnelly, Clara Parker, Tressie Douglas, Reba Pedigo, Lena Douglas, Retta Pedigo, Maude Duncan, Blythe Poore, Gertrude Eldridge, Mary Sue Porter, Dorothy Gentry, Emily Prothro, Mary Hampton, Braska Randall, Edith Huff, Lillie Smith, Shirley Judd, Cora Belle Sprinkle, Catherine Kittrell, Naomi Stevens, Louise Lane, Lottie Swafford, Lucy Leedy, Bertie Lou Vandergriff, Mrs. Sara McClellan, Nada Ware, Crystal Matthews, Louise Watts, Nora Melear, Gertrude Weidler, Mabel Moore, Nelah Wild, Alvertie Murphy, Clara Zeigler, Margaret Murphy, Lillie

UNCLASSIFIED Barlow, Maye Pugh, Marybel Cox, Pauline Risley, Johnnie Edwin, Willie Sadler, Louise Harris, Jessie Jean Spangler, Luola Irwin, Daisy Torbett, Rossie Lane, Julia Walker, Grace Lemarr, Alma Walker, Lena Morris, Mary Lugenia Zeigler, Carlisle

Commercial Bivens, Burkett Lockwood, Mabel Brock, Hobart Martin, LeRoy Burns, Clyde Norton, Joe Daniels, W. Clay Reeder, Mary Ellis, John Smith, Hobart Fisher, F. Lee Smith, Pearl Gilliam, Joe W. Smith, Ruth Johnson, Eugene Stephens, William Kirkwood, Alice Ware, Crystal Kittrell, Naomi Wattenbarger, Anna

Voice Easley, Vida Lane, Mattie Lee Harmon, Alma Large, Frances Julian, Cecil Smith, Austin

Expression EXPRESSION Morris, Mary Lugenia Donnelly, Clara Offutt, Theresa Kinser, Marie Weidler, Mabel Martin, LeRoy Zeigler, Margaret 118 The Athens School

Summary Diploma Course— Seniors 3 Juniors 14 Academic Course— Seniors 3 Preparatory Course— Fourth Year 16 Third Year 48 Second Year 42 First Year 89 Irregular 10 Sub-Preparatory 31 Music— Piano 72 Voice 6 Home Economics— Domestic Science 45 Domestic Art 75 Commercial 20 Expression 7 Practice School 26

Total 507 Counted more than once 183

Athens School Total Net Enrollment 324 College at Chattanooga Total Net Enrollment 261

Total University Enrollment 585