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, - Chinese Oi Network is published periodically press: by the East-West Center Media Program for Jefferson Fellows and other print and broadcast journalists the to market interested 111 issues anU LienU 111 U1 way By Chen Zhenping Asia-Pacific community Managing News Editor Volume 9 " Number 1 Jiefang Daily, Shanghai November 1998 Jefferson Fellow 1998

" efore 1979, we in China saw the press - as the tool of the rather INSIDE proletariat than a commodity. The main function of the to Soviet Find other Fellows on new press, according journalism was the of the Web site 2 theory, to publicize policies Communist Party and organize the people. Applications open for 1999 Newspaper and radio did not carry any ads, Jefferson Fellows 3 and their operations were subsidized by the government. Subscriptions were paid mostly Gennadi Gerasimov on the by the party or government departments. new Russian media 4 People were required to read newspapers for "political study." There was no competition in "Asian values": Is the game the press, and journalists did not need to con- over? 5 Caricature by Yousef S. Khudari sider the market. in China have Chen EWC media programs are Since the 1980s, newspapers Zhenping active in Asia 6 grown from 186 to 2,202. They are divided one million. But in the past 18 years, the pop- into three kinds: ulation of Shanghai has grown from 10 mil- Ellen Goodman is named The official of the newspapers lion to 13 million, while the circulation of the Fellow 7 Chaplin Communist Party newspaper dropped to a half-million. There - weekend Popular newspapers (evening, are reasons: the of television; 30th anniversary marked by many challenge and metropolitan) Jefferson Fellows 7 newly established newspapers that broaden - Service newspapers with little or no the market; work units cutting down subscrip- hard news Charles Morrison named to (television guides, shopping guides, tions for financial reasons; the decline of head EWC 8 etc.) "political study" in the units. Most of them, even the party newspapers, But the main reason, is Thin for undoubtedly, pickings foreign support themselves primarily by ads, while the gap between the party newspapers and the news in U.S. media 9 fewer and fewer of them subscriptions at get market. public expense. Readers have a lot of choices. Latest updates on former Consequently, journalists must now consider Jeffs and friends 10-12 now a the market. Advertising major player In recent years, the news media have Now, it could be said that the Chinese become one of the richest industries in the is on the to market. This is a way press way with more than 90 of their The U.S. congress established the country, percent of exploration, a way of press reform. East-West Center in 1960 to foster revenues coming from advertising. mutual understanding and coopera- Newspapers are rearranging pages or sec- Circulation in transition tion among the governments and tions to attract ads. To some extent, whether a of the Asia-Pacific Before 1979, almost all work units in peoples region, page or a section is extended or cut depends subscribed to The including the , through China party newspapers. on the amount of ads which, in turn, are research, education and circulation of the cooperative government newspaper hoped to attract reader interest. dialogue. for once reached Jiefang Daily, example, The competition for ads has become very

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2 " Network " November 1998

newspapers have started new papers, Uneven progress mostly called "dushi" or "metropolitan" newspapers, using different styles to Find other China's media attract more readers. There are 23 metro- by in the so far. politan newspapers country Fellows on From previous page Challenges Facing Newspapers since more and more media have tough Newspapers in China are faced with entered the news market. One conse- Web site following problems: is that the distinctions between - quence Too many newspapers, but low cir- - news and ads, and at another level, culation. Being a Jefferson Fellow has taken on between and ad - - journalists salespeople Service newspapers are thriving, but a new dimension with the creation of a are blurred. A campaign is underway to traditional newspapers are weak. site on the World Wide Web listing names eliminate "paid news' the attempt by - Successful publishing relies on the and contact information for Jeffs world- some companies to give journalists gifts marketplace, but news reporting is mostly wide. or money to write favorable stories about controlled by the official planning. The site allows the journalists to use their company. - Work unit subscriptions have computers to access the Internet to find peaked, but individual subscriptions are News meets market demands Jefferson Fellows based on current coun- still limited. For individual sub- example, of residence. The URL address for the For a long time, the news media in try scriptions of Jiefang Daily are only 10 China followed the Soviet model of jour- site is: percent of the total subscriptions. nalism, which was almost one-way com- http:llwww.missouri.edu/ The first of edi- munication. responsibility The Chinese newspapers are faced with .-c696945/jeffs.html tors was to the government, while the following challenges: Webmaster of the site is 1985 Jefferson demands of the readers were to -How to handle the rela- relegated correctly Fellow Rich Somerville, who is finishing a secondary position. tionship with officials so as to solve the work on a PhD at the University of Now we are on the of reform, but contradictions between the market and way Missouri School of Journalism. the progress is uneven. government control. One in such a - difficulty maintaining Evening newspapers are well-received How to eliminate "paid news." more soft news and - list is that journalists often move and because they carry How to appeal to young readers, closer to the interests of ordi- change jobs. Please take a few minutes to information while keeping old readers. send information about nary readers. In most provinces or cities, updated yourself they challenge the party newspapers. to Media Program Director Web Nolan via A long way to go Service newspapers also have devel- e-mail at [email protected], or In China, a newspaper house is a oped quickly since 1990s. They provide department of the party or government. regular mail: East-West Center Media news and information of practical use. For Some newspapers in Guangzhou, Beijing Program Media Program, 1777 East-West example, Jiefang Daily has an affiliate, and are now Shanghai experimenting by Road, Honolulu, HI 96848. By phone it's Shanghai limes, that carries information news and forming groups exploring press (808) 944-7199, and the fax is (808) 944- aboutjobs, shopping, the stock market, reform. 7970. the real estate market, and even etc., The purpose of forming news groups blind dates. It started Include your current position, contact arranges publishing is to improve and control the quality of in of this and has a information at work and home, and your January year already newspapers by merging small newspapers circulation of 200,000. e-mail address if have one -even and strengthening the major newspapers, you have been thriv- Weekend newspapers and to raise working and profit efficiency the site of your Web page. since the weekend was insti- ing two-day by saving resources, equipment and pub- As more Jefferson Fellows get online tuted and have a little more time to costs. people lishing worldwide, the potential exists to make read. As an rather than a enterprise govern- the Web site even more useful, such as Some party newspapers are reforming ment department, a news group can including articles written by Jeffs, tran- their style to adapt to the market. The change its organizational structure to suit scripts of EWC media conferences, and party newspapers in Guangdong province, the market economy. even discussion Write to Web Nanfang Daily and Guangzhou Daily, for The news industry in China is chang- groups. example, compete with the well-known ing, but we have a long way to go. It's not Nolan with your thoughts about how a Yangcheng Evening News. Some party easy, but we should carry on. Jeffs web site could be useful to you.

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Applications open for 1999 Jeffs (Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong). editor, Jiefang Daily, Shanghai. - Center will try At most of their stops, the journalists Ruriko Hatano, staff writer and edi- spent time with Jeffs from previous years. tor, Yomiuri Shimbun, Tokyo. - 3-week program Individually, the fellows visited such Supara Janchitfah, reporter/writer, places as the Fairbank Center at Harvard Bangkok Post. The East-West Center is now accepting - and China Studies Program at the Steven Scher, public affairs direc- applications for the 1999 Jefferson of USA and University Michigan, Today tor/senior producer, KUOW public radio, Fellowships, which will run from May 3 the American Press Institute in Virginia, . to May 23. The deadline for filing appli- the of Missouri School of - cations is Friday, Jan. 15, 1999. University Nasir Tamara Tamimi, deputy chief Journalism, CNN Atlanta and Savannah, editor, Jakarta. Traditionally, the fellowship has been Daily Republika, Yosemite National Park and Boulder - Michael editor, an eight-week program. In 1999, taking Taylor, Dam, and the new Getty museum in Los East Asia into consideration the busy schedules of Congressional Quarterly's Angeles. mid-career journalists, the Center will Report, Washington, D.C. Asia, the Jeffs went to In individually -Alex Tizon, experiment with a

- - three-week format ------' staff writer/reporter, Seattle Times. in the hope that the -Elizabeth shorter period will Van enable more jour- Dyke, assign- ment editor, CNN nalists to apply. National Desk, The Center plans to award fellow- Atlanta. - Janice Yu, ships to six appli- cants from the columnist for United States and to Central Daily News six from Asia and and international the Pacific. The editor for China Television 1999 program will focus on the contin- Company, Taipei. 300 uing financial crisis Nearly and broadcast in Asia and its polit- print - - have ical, social, cultural journalists from the and economic The 1998 JeJfrrson Fellows, front row, left to right: Steven Scher Alex lJzon, Michael graduated Chen Zhenping, Janice Yu, Elizabeth Van Dyke, Supara Janchitfah. Back row: since it impact within the Taylor program Media Program Director Web Nolan, Claudia Chang, Nasir Tamara Tamimi, Ruriko 31 Asia/Pacific com- began years ago, Marilu Khudari, Cai Hatano, Media Program assistant Hong. and the network of munity. alumni stretches Six journalists from New Delhi to New York. from Asia and five from the United States Indonesia, Vietnam, Taiwan, Singapore "The is an immersion course participated in the 1998 Jefferson and Korea. program in the cultures of the Asia/Pacific commu- Fellowships, from March 29 to May 23. The participants were: - the to learn The journalists from Asia visited Cai Hong, an editor in the Opinion nity, allowing participants from each other, from Center researchers Washington, D.C., and the Department of China Daily in Beijing. - and other scholars and from the wide Seattle area as a group, while the Claudia Chang, international assign- of meet their American traveled together to Japan ment editor, CNN World Report, Atlanta. range people they during - field said Webster Nolan, Media (Kyoto, Hiroshima and Tokyo) and China Chen Zhenping, managing news study,"

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From previous pare Gerasimov tells Program director. "In the long run, the real beneficiaries of changes in of the Jefferson Fellowships are millions of newspaper and magazine readers, radio Russian media listeners and television viewers in the United States, Asia and the Pacific," he Gennadi Gerasimov, chief spokesman said. for former Soviet President Mikhail The first eight days of the 1999 pro- Gorbachev and former Foreign Minister gram will include dialogue among the fel- Edward Shevardnaze during the glasnost lows, including seminars led by each fel- period of 1986-90, concluded his recent low and by other experts on a range of visiting fellowship in the EWC Media topics. Program with the publication of a paper Field study will consist of group travel describing the dramatic changes in the for about The American fel- eight days. Russian news media in the last decade. lows will travel to Beijing and Tokyo. The The paper, "Russia's Media Revolution: fellows from Asia will visit a community From Party Control to Money Control," is in the American Midwest and available at no charge from the EWC Washington, D.C. Then the fellows will Media Program. return to the Center for two final days to Gerasimov, who worked as a journalist discuss their field study experiences. Gennadi Gerasimov in Prague, New York and Moscow before The program is designed for mid- joining the Gorbachev government, spent career journalists, with preference usually degree in international law from the eight months at the Center, conducting given to "gatekeeper" applicants, editorial Moscow Institute of International research on the Russian Far East and its writers, commentators, columnists, and Relations, a master's degree in public law in with a interest in issues role global affairs, writing, lecturing news staff strong from Moscow State University, and in cultures in the Asia/Pacific communi- and working with journalists who partici- and 1955 became a correspondent for the New Because sessions and pate in the Jefferson Fellowships and ty. study many Times Weekly and Trud, the largest daily are conducted in fluen- other EWC media-related projects. He briefings English, newspaper in the Soviet Union. returned to Moscow in cy in that language is required. early June. From 1961 to 1964, he was editor of The Center furnishes and a with the dramatic housing per Starting political, the multi-language World Marxist Review, diem to the fellows to cover social and economic transformation in the help based in Prague, which became a gather- costs the Honolulu Soviet Union in the late 1980s, Gerasimov living during segment ing place for a number of Russian intellec- of the and also became a familiar face on international program, provides tuals who later became principal figures accommodations and a television, transportation, per explaining perestroika, glasnost in the Gorbachev government. diem for meals the travel and how the would affect during segment. changes Gerasimov next served as political to and from Hawaii to Moscow's relations with the rest of the Transportation par- advisor to Yuri Andropov in the Central in the is at the of world. He Gorbachev and ticipate program expense accompanied Committee of the Communist Party of the the his/her or other Shevardnaze to summit in world journalist, employer meetings Soviet Union, and in 1967 he joined the sources. to the for- capitals, gave daily briefings Novosti Press Agency as a syndicated The Center will distribute application eign press corps and developed the now- columnist. He was assigned by Novosti to forms as as If the form is widely possible. customary practice of having the summit New York from 1972-78. In 1983, he not available, contact the EWC please leaders give news conferences together. became editor-in-chief of Moscow News, a Media 1601 East-West Road, Program, In 1990, he was named Communicator weekly publication in five languages, and Honolulu, HI 96848-1601, USA, or phone of the Year by the American Association also vice president of Novosti. 944-7199 or 944-7192. The fax (808) of Governmental Communicators -the From 1990 to 1995, he served as number is (808) 944-7670, or send e-mail first non-U.S. professional to be so hon- ambassador to Portugal. to [email protected]. ored. Gerasimov received a bachelor's

Network " November 1998 " 5

'Asian values': Is the game over? structures? Because its societies are man- 'Rightly or wrongly, based, and not rule-based. For thousands the East is moving of years, the human relationship was in the direction emphasized to the detriment of institution- al building. Law and regulation have of the West' never been high on society's agenda; instead, personal ethics and societal har- By Ronnie C. Chan mony are widely respected. Such prac- Now that many of the once fast-grow- tices in Asia are good, but not good ing economies of East Asia are in tur- S. enough for sustainable economic develop- moil, some in the West have declared the Ft ment, especially in the globalized market so-called Asian values dead. Is this con- 1- place. clusion justifiable, and what is the utility It As East Asia moves towards economic of such values vis-a-vis economic devel- modernity, institution-building is lagging opment? I behind. The same is true even in wealthy The answers are simple. Whereas hard Rules are not to work, thrift, emphasis on family, and edu- Japan. adequate regulate cation are necessary conditions for eco- industries such as banking and the stock nomic takeoff, they are not sufficient for market, for example, and enactment of 9 Ronnie C. Chan continued success. social struc- law is inadequate and enforcement lax. n Proper tures, including legal, economic and Also, demarcation between the public 3' mutated, 1 patriarchic Confucianism political systems must also be introduced. and the private sectors is not clear, result- becomes a hardened form such as those The values taught by Confucius are ing in easy corruption. Indeed, this vice, .1 same as Judeo-Christian val- practiced by South Korea and Taiwan in basically the which zaps economic strength, can never ues. However, the West has to a the decades following World War II. greater be dealt with adequately without building extent forsaken these values, and it has Fortunately, both places have since proper legal institutions. taken individualism to the extreme while evolved. The critical question remains, 15 Skeptics of Asian values, however, go Asians still treasure communality. however: What will prevent that muta- thi further. To them, these values are epito- Rightly or wrongly, the East is moving tion? The answer is: The building of ke mized by certain Asian authoritarian lead- in the direction of the West, but the con- proper social institutions. ers, and current economic problems are Sc verse is not happening. Whereas it is Can we then assume that soft authori- proof that such values are no longer need- Ut proper for Asia to show more respect for tarianism is unnecessary, if not outright ed. ex the individual, equally the West should undesirable? Not really. History showed Some regard Asia's plight as a victory th pull back from extreme individualism. If that without it, Asian economies could not of Western democracy. This conclusion, pr not, Western society will risk disintegra- take off. however, is not born out by facts. tion. All four "tiger" economies-Korea, re' Singapore, considered by the West to be Why does Asia lack proper social Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore-ben- the most authoritarian, has not suffered a efit from it, while those who practiced lib- H from the recent turmoil. The directly eral democracy prematurely, such as the b) advocates Asian value but also Ronnie C. Chan, chairman country and India, are still mired in s' ofHang has healthy legal and economic institu- Lung Development Co. Ltd. in Hong poverty. tions. But are and A Kong, is a member ofthe East-West patriarchic society benign It is correct that Confucian- C] Center Board of Governors. This article probably authoritarianism still required? Possibly ism, which leads to Jc originally appeared in The Boston Globe emphasizes patriarchy, not, but neither can we assume that their at on March 6, 1998. benign or soft authoritarianism. When absence is better. After all, such practices

6 " Network " November 1998

From previous page Around the Rim. . . are ingrained in Asian societies and have Times; and David Crane, economics editor maintained social stability and harmony 1 3 journalists travel of the Toronto Star. over thousands of years. as Hong Kong Fellows Shortly after the fellowships program One thing, however, seems certain. Thirteen senior journalists from major was established in 1996, the first group Asia's soft authoritarianism will become news organizations in North America took was organized in November of that year to even softer, and more democratic ele- part in the 1998 Hong Kong Journalism examine concerns about Hong Kong's sched- ments will be introduced. Charismatic Fellowships. transition to Chinese sovereignty uled to take seven months later. leaders who liberated their countries from The fellowships were established in place 1996 to in Members of the 1996 group included olonial rule are passing away. expand public understanding the United States about the cultural, com- Michelle DuBach, senior Washington edi- More significantly, affluence engenders mercial and issues in tor for National Public Radio; Evelyn which in turn leads political Hong Kong independent thinking, Iritani, Pacific Basin for the Los and Greater China. The are reporter to more on how citizens are to be co-sponsors say gov- Angeles Times; Charles Krause, foreign the EWC Media Program and the Better erned. This is inevitable and good for affairs correspondent for "The NewsHour Hong Kong Foundation. society. Inevitable because it is the natu- with Jim Lehrer"; Doron Levin, business In January, onegroup concentrated on ral social progression, and good because and economics columnist for the Detroit business and political issues, visiting can address, albeit Free Press; Larry Marshak, deputy editor only democracy imper- and an Shanghai Hong Kong during eight- of USA International, and the dual issues of Today Trudy fectly, gov- day period. Members included Jeffrey Rubin, Philadelphia Inquirer columnist. ernment and suc- accountability peaceful Brown, senior producer with "The cession. Both are inadequate in most of NewsHour with Jim Lehrer"; Martin First program for Asia today-lack of the former is a partial chief economics writer for The Crutsinger, Asia Pacific Fellows cause for the recent economic turmoil, Associated Press in Washington D.C.; The first program in the new Asia and failure in the latter may be accentuat- Janet LeVaux, financial editor! writer for Pacific Journalism Fellowships took place ed by that turmoil. Investor's Business Daily in Los Angeles; in early October 1998 when six senior There is no that Asian soci- George Lewinsky, foreign editor of question American journalists met with business Public Radio International's eties need structural reforms. At issue is nightly leaders, government officials, scholars and San Francisco; what form the new system would take. "Marketplace" program, journalists in Singapore and Taipei. Tom Plate, colum- Given thousands of years of tradition, nationally syndicated The program included several partici- nist for the Los Times; Ron time is required to build consciousness of Angeles pants from the Hong Kong Journalism the law, which is the bedrock of democra- Redmond, foreign editor of the Seattle Fellowships to give them a perspective cy. However, Western democracy as it is Post-Intelligencer; and Donald Van de from the "other China." now practiced is too imperfect a model. Mark, anchor/correspondent for CNN The Oct. 3-11 program was cospon- People in the East are discouraged by the Financial News in New York. sored by the East-West Center Media social ills of the West. If that is the A July group also focused on politi- Program, the Singapore International future, Asians are not sure they want it! cal/economic issues, as well as on Hong Foundation and Pacific Cultural Could there be a better form of democ- Kong one year after the handover. The Foundation of Taipei. included The were: racy that incorporates certain "Asian" val- nine-day fellowship meetings participating journalists ues? Could there be a balance between and interviews in Beijing, Hong Kong and Michael Dorgan, Pacific Rim correspon- The dent, San Jose News; individualism and communality? While Guangzhou. participating journalists (Calif) Mercury included Sarah Jackson-Han, Asian affairs Charles Krause, senior foreign affairs cor- the West claims victory and is not open to correspondent for Agence France-Presse respondent, "The News Hour With Jim these questions, Asia is searching for in Washington, D.C.; John Omicinski, for- Lehrer," Washington, D.C.; Avrum Lank, answers. Instead of condemning each eign affairs and defense correspondent for financial columnist, Milwaukee (Wis.) other, maybe the two sides should engage Gannett News Service in Washington, Journal Sentinel; Janet Purdy Levaux, in constructive dialogues to find a system D.C.; Eric Scholl, executive producer of writer, World Trade magazine, Irvine, which the best of both encompasses CNNfn, the CNN financial news network Calif.; Ron Redmond, Pacific Rim corre- worlds. After all, for one who is six feet based in New York City; Michael White, spondent, Seattle Post-Intelligencer; and to one side of the and narrow to economics writer for The Associated Press straight Trudy Rubin, nationally syndicated for- in Los Donald Woutat, interna- accuse the other who is six feet on the Angeles; eign affairs columnist, Philadelphia business editor for the Los other, is both foolish and futile. tional Angeles Inquirer

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Ellen Goodman is Chaplin Fellow Ellen Goodman, Pulitzer Prize-winning in 1980 for Distinguished Commentary. writer whose column appears in more than Her book on social change, "Turning 440 newspapers in the United States, has Points," appeared in 1979, and five collec- accepted an invitation from the East-West tions of her columns have been published. Center to receive the 1998 Chaplin She has won numerous awards, includ- Fellowship in Distinguished Journalism. ing the American Society of Newspaper Goodman, who is also an associate edi- Editors Distinguished Writing Award in tor at the Boston Globe, will be the eighth 1980. The Leadership Conference on Civil Chaplin Fellow. The award was estab- Rights awarded her the Hubert H. lished in 1986 by Duty Free Shoppers Humphrey Civil Rights Award in 1988, Hawaii to honor George Chaplin, editor- and in 1993, she received the President's in-chief from 1958 to 1986 of The Award from the National Women's Honolulu Advertiser. Political Caucus.

The major activity of the fellowship is Past Chaplin Fellows include Pulitzer a public speech by the recipient. Prize winners John Hughes, David Broder Goodman will deliver an address at the and Stanley Karnow, Nieman Fellow- Center on Monday, Dec. 21. ships Curator Bill Kovach, former Far Goodmanjoined the Boston Globe in Eastern Economic Review Editor Derek 1967, and her column was first syndicated Davies, the late CBS and PBS television in 1976 the Post Writers by Washington College in 1963 and a Nieman Fellow in executive Fred Friendly and the late editor Group. A cum laude graduate of Radcliffe 1973-74, Goodman won the Pulitzer Prize and publisher Robert Maynard.

30th 'birthday party' for Jeffs in Hong Kong

AHong Kong conference on Nov. 14- Chinese University of Hong Kong; ner, hosted by Director of Broadcasting 15, 1997, marking the 30th anniversary of Hongkong Standard Editor Terry Wai- Cheung Man-yee, gave the visiting jour- Business Week Asia corre- the Jefferson Fellowships, offered a Ming Cheng; nalists an opportunity for informal conver- Mark Clifford; author Ken keynote speech by Sir Gordon Wu, chair- spondent sation with local journalists. Davies After 1997"); New man of Hopewell Holdings, one of ("Hong Kong Jeffs came from as far away as Virginia York Times bureau chief Seth Southeast Asia's largest transportation and Shanghai and California in the United States, and Faison; Hong Kong utilities developers, and panel discussions from Shanghai, Tokyo, Hiroshima, Taipei bureau chief Maggie Farley; Alan Knight, examining "Greater China," the future of and Bob Hewett, curator of the director of the Australian Centre for Beijing. the news media in China, and business Jefferson program for many years, and his Independent Journalism; Washington Post prospects in Hong Kong. wife Joan came from their home in Hong Kong bureau chief Keith Richburg; Hayes Other activities included an opening San Francisco. Diane YIng, publisher and editor of reception at the Foreign Correspondents CommonWealth magazine in Taiwan; and At last report, 10 Jeffs were living in Club, a lunch at the club hosted by the George Yuen, chief executive of the Better Hong Kong, and most of them took part in Hongkong Standard, and a dinner hosted Foundation. Hong Kong the conference. The principal conference by Radio Television Hong Kong at the About 50 from the media, busi- people organizer was then-Hong Kong resident Superstar Restaurant in Wanchai. ness and diplomatic communities, includ- Joey Reaves, a Jeff in the class of 1984. Panel speakers included author Jamie ing U.S. Consul-General Richard Boucher, from Allen Red"); Wall Street Journal Major funding for the event came ("Seeing attended the opening reception, and about the Better Foundation, the China bureau chief Marcus Brauchli; 30 Jefferson Fellows and other journalists Hong Kong Man Chan, chair of the Standard and Radio Television Joseph journalism took part in the panel discussions. Hongkong and communications at the department The Radio Television Hong Kong din- Hong Kong.

8 " Network e November 1998

community." Morrison named to head Center Morrison received his Ph.D. from the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced Charles E. Morrison, an international Relations Program. International Studies (SAIS), specializing relations scholar well-known to many ACenter scholar, author and editor in SoutheastAsian international relations. U.S.-Asia issues, has since 1980, Morrison has had extensive journalists covering From 1972-1980 he worked as a legisla- been named of the East-West involvement in the president conceptualization, tive assistant to Sen. William V. Roth Jr., Center. and of organization funding policy-orient- R-Delaware, who currently is the chair- Morrison, 54, chair of the U.S. ed educational research and dialogue proj- man of the Senate Finance Committee. National Consortium of Asia Pacific ects in both and the United States, Japan During part of this time, Morrison also Economic and has been involved in long promoting taught Southeast Asian politics and inter- Study the of Asia-Pacific Cooperation concept community. national relations at SAIS. Centers, was appoint- He is a member of the U.S. founding He served as a research advisor to two ed to the presidency National Committee for Pacific Economic binational U.S.-Japan commissions on June 18 the by Cooperation and member of the U.S. appointed by the President and Prime EWC Board of Committee for in Security Cooperation Minister. Governors at the con- Asia Pacific. His authored or edited books include clusion of an interna- Shortly after his appointment, "Strategies of Survival: The Foreign tional search that Morrison said, "I see the work of the Dilemmas of Smaller Asian States" in the fall of Policy began East-West Center as basically promoting "The Pacific 1997 and included (1977), Community Concept: an idea-which is the idea or of spirit Views from Nations" "The consideration of more Eight (1980), Charles Asia Pacific community. Diet and U.S. (1983), than 80 candidates.Morrison "This idea, and the substantive knowl- Japanese Congress" "Political and Security Cooperation: A He took office in edge that it requires, must be widely dis- New Dimension in ASEAN-Japan early August, succeed- seminated and, therefore, it is critical for Relations?" (1987), "The Pacific ing Kenji Sumida, 66, who last August us to reach the communicators and educa- Islands-Politics, Economics, and announced his plans to retire. Sumida had tors, those people who have influence in International Relations" (1991), and "Asia been president since August 1995. shaping our public perception of things. Pacific Crossroads: The Creation of APEC At the time of his appointment, This means journalists, teachers and influ- Morrison was director of the EWC APEC and Formation" ential leaders in government, business and Regime (1998). Study Center. Earlier, in 1992-95, he academia - in other words, all those who Morrison has edited "Asia Pacific directed the EWC on Program can convey to the general public in the Security Outlook: 1997" and Asia Pacific International Economics and Politics, and United States, Asia and Pacific the impor- Security Outlook: 1998," and is currently International from 1987-92, he headed the tance of building a sense of East-West completing a book on globalization.

Mary Morgan Hewett Fund seeks applicants for '98 award Applications are being accepted for the Applications should include five sam- should be attached. The copies will not be 1998 Mary Morgan Hewett Award. ples of writing mounted on standard 8.5- used for commercial purposes. Women journalists in print, photo journal- by-I 1-inch white paper. If the articles are Women journalists may apply them- ism, television and radio who have been than the should be laid larger paper, they selves or be nominated by another person. students, visiting fellows, associates, or out to fit paper. In either case, the nominee should submit staff members of the East-West Center or are but books that Copies acceptable, a letter describing her achievements and the University of Hawaii are eligible. include the samples or original articles not why she merits the award, and a letter of The award is given by the Mary in the required form will not be accepted. recommendation from another person. A Morgan Hewett Fund, established in 1982 If the writing is in a language other than resume is also required. as a memorial to Hewett, an international- English, a verbatim translation in English Applications should be postmarked no ly known journalist. The Friends of the must accompany the application. later than Dec. 15, 1998 and sent to: East-West Center, a support organization, In other media, tapes of radio programs Friends of the East-West Center, 1777 administers the fund and the awards. and videotapes (VHS only) of news, docu- East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96848. To recognize outstanding achievements mentary programs or movies are required. in a career by a woman journalist, an If the material is copyrighted, permission Inquiries may be faxed to (808)396-4095 Achievement Award is given with a $500 to make copies for distribution to the or emailed to: prize and a framed certificate. members of the selection committee [email protected]

Network " November 1998 " 9

Skimpy foreign news in U.S. media and a "Eurocentric" bias, focusing largely select wisely, or (b) do not care about Mostly crisis, conflict, on the Americas, Western and Eastern international news, or (c) do not think Jeffs adviser discovers Europe, and the Middle East. international news is their function, or (d) "Coverage by region expands and con- do not think readers care," Hess writes. Brookings scholar Stephen Hess, a tracts on where are "In some cases the answer be all member of the Jefferson Fellowship depending people may (e) shooting each other," Hess writes. "Thus, of the above." Advisory Committee, is the author of one Third World countries actually dominate Still, Hess notes, those Americans who of the most exhaustive surveys ever taken news coverage when they are the scenes need to stay abreast of of U.S. media coverage of international foreign develop- of violence." - issues. great ments either for business or personal To curb these trends, Hess reasons - will have a International News & Foreign suggests, growing variety of editors should periodically ask some sources. Cable News Network Correspondents (1996, 209 pages, and its and their cover- US$26.95 hardback), is the fifth volume strategic questions, adjust emulators will provide a steady diet of age accordingly: What do Americans of Hess' acclaimed international news, and foreign newspa- need to know about the world? What sort Newswork series pub- pers and wire services will place much of of information is most useful? What lished by Brookings. their output on computer networks such news is merely the habit of journalists? If Americans rely as the World Wide Web. "Increasingly the American press is only on their local The danger of that trend, Hess + like a juggler who can only keep one ball newspapers or network observes, is that the owners and managers in the air," notes Hess. "As news news togain anunder- organi- of the U.S. mainstream media will use the zations pay extraordinary attention to the standingtanding of foreignf fragmentation of news outlets to justify a ++LJL++. -. affairs, Hess finds, top story of the day, they seem to put the further retreat from coverage of world Stephen other of the world on hold - they are getting cover- regions events. Hess that is short on until they, too, explode, much to our sur- age "Changes in ownership at the net- content but on crisis and conflict. prise and apparently to the surprise of the big works, which are basically mass enter- That is the result of the econom- editors, who should have been keeping a partly tainment enterprises, and at some news- ics of the news business, Hess. But weather eye on potential storms." says paper groups, which are deeply dedicated that trend also is because Hess examined a midweek day in taking place to the bottom line, have not inspired con- use as a benchmark, most American TV watchers and newspa- September 1994 to fidence in their commitment to news in a vari- per readers prefer their foreign news in and compared foreign coverage excellence," he concludes. "A lesson of small doses, and if it has direct ety of newspapers across the country. only this investigation is how thin is the layer impact on their personal lives. The result: other than "briefs" and that supports serious foreign reportage." Newspaper editors and publishers are fillers, fewer than five foreign datelines aware of these readership interests, and per paper, most of them drawn from their news - plot budgets accordingly. Associated Press accounts even though Stephen Hess is a senior fellow in the Most U.S. newspapers rely on wire serv- the papers subscribed to other wire serv- Governmental Studies program at the ices and pooled reports for nearly all their ices, such as the Los Angeles Times- Brookings Institution. This article is an foreign coverage, and even the largest Washington Post and the New York Times abridgement of a news releasefrom papers increasingly make use of "para- services. Brookings. To order the book, contact the - chutists" correspondents who drop in "Because a wealth of prepaid, often Brookings Bookstore, 1-800-275-1447, or on a country to produce one or two sto- high-quality foreign dateline stories flows 202-797-6258, or write to the store at locale. ries and then move on to another into every newsroom and most are never 1775 MassachusettsAve. NW Washington Moreover, much coverage is influ- used, one must assume too many editors DC 20036, USA, or e-mail enced by U.S. cultural predispositions (a) are not knowledgeable enough to ([email protected]).

10 " Network " November1998

Keeping in touch. Friends of the Jeffs cer for seven groups of Jeffs in the past George Chaplin, co-founder of the nine years, took a break from the fellow- in to time with Jefferson Fellowships in 1967 and long- ships 1998 spend family time editor-in-chief of The Honolulu and to plan a fall itinerary that includes Advertiser, and his wife Esta have moved trekking in Nepal and visits to Vietnam and India. She also has been with from Hawaii to South Carolina (Ashley working House 7AB, 14 Lockwood Drive, Dick Halloran and Rob Leavitt on the annual seminar in Honolulu for Charleston, S.C., 29401; phone: 843-958- journalists the Center for War, Peace 8909) to be nearer to their family. sponsored by and the News Media. But before they left Honolulu, George Dick Halloran, who was director of finished writing the history of The Advertiser, "Press Time in the Pacific," the EWC Program on Communications & Journalism until 1994, is a free-lancer which is available through the Barnes & Noble and Amazon.com Web sites. writing about Asian security issues, U.S. relations with Asia and other topics for about 20 on the U.S. main- Former curators publications land, in Asia and in Hawaii. He is work- Bob Hewett and wife Joan Hayes are George Chaplin ing on a book about the late Sen. Spark living in California (1200 California St., M. Matsunaga, D-Hawaii. He also helps No. l5D, San Francisco CA 94109. Phone CHINA: LIU Dizhong (1989) from to organize seminars for the Center for (415) 885-4722, fax (415) 885-0166, and China Daily in Beijing to editor-in-chief War, Peace and the News Media, and e-mail (rhewett 123 @aol.com). of the newspaper's Hong Kong edition... serves on the board of directors of the Jim Richstad is now a visiting profes- Liz Sly (1990), Beijing correspondent for Hawaii Electric Industries Power Corp., sor at Nanyang Technological University, the , attended the 1997 which builds power plants in Asia. November conference in Nanyang Ave., Singapore 639798 (tjrich- Hong Kong Halloran recently received the Order of [email protected]). marking the 30th anniversary of the the Sacred Treasure from the Emperor of Jefferson . China John Schidlovsky is director of the Fellowships.. Daily Japan for writing about that nation over a Jeffs WU Liu Shinan Pew Fellowships in International Jingshu (1987), of 40 His wife, Fumiko, who and Yi Journalism, School of Advanced span years. (1991) Yang (1995) joined the writes about America for a Japanese audi- 1998 American Jeffs for two dinners in International Studies, Johns Hopkins ence, has published her ninth book. About Beijing while LUO (Lucy) (1997) University, 1619 Massachusetts Ave. NW, Qing religion in America, it is titled helped organize another dinner hosted by Washington DC 20036 "Wellsprings of the American Spirit: This People's Daily for the visiting journalists. ([email protected]). Nation Under God." SHANG Rongguang (Gloria) (1992) Larry Daks, who directed the 1995 The Hallorans are at 1065 Kaoopulu moved from Beijing Review to Hong Kong program, is a senior consultant with China Tourism Press in Place, Honolulu HI 96825. Phone (808) Hong Kong International Research and Exchanges 395-0511, and on e-mail Xiong Lei (1988), cultural editor at (IREX), 1616 HSt. NW, Washington, DC (oranhall@com- Xinhua's China Features in Beijing, was 20006 ([email protected] or puserve.com). Dick Leonard, editor-in-residence and one of two Jeffs (the other was Trudy [email protected]). Rubin) who in a senior fellow at the EWC in the '80s, is participated major David who did the in Kaplan, job conference in about U.S. Neiman Chair Emeritus at Washington May 1994, was awarded a to Marquette Fulbright grant media of China of the His is 963-0598, coverage (copies update his book about the yakuza and University. phone (414) conference report are available from the "two in is now a and his address is 330 E. Beaumont Ave., spent great years" Japan, National Committee on U.S.-China senior writer with U.S. News & World Milwaukee, WI 53217 (bkleonard@mix- Relations, 71 West 23rd St., 19th Floor, in D.C. He is a mem- com.com). Report Washington New York, NY 10010-4102, phone 212- ber of the magazine's investigative team 645-9677, fax 212-645-1695, e-mail crime, terrorism and Fellows covering organized Jefferson (info @ncuscr.org). intelligence ([email protected]). AUSTRALIA: Brian Gomez (Jeff of who have run the from editor International Speaking people 1969), of HONG KONG: NG Ming-lam (1987) Helen Griffin, offi- Business Asia, to PR, fellowships, program Capital Sydney. from Radio Television Hong Kong to

Network " November 1998 " 11

From previous page memorable okonomiyaki dinner... Other China Television Company in Taipei... Jeffs from Japan who went to the Hong Diane Ying (1984) was a panelist on Metro Broadcast Corp. in Hong Kong as Kong conference were syndicated colum- "Greater China" at the Jeff anniversary host... morning program Carolyn nist Ed Neilan 1973) and Nozomu conference in Hong Kong. Robinson from Wharf Cable in (1993) Nakaoka (1993) ... Toshio Hirano Hong Kong to a Freedom Forum Asia (1996) of Nihon Kezai Shimbun has American Jeffs Fellowship at the University of Hawaii moved from Tokyo to Vienna as bureau Libby Afflerbach (1985) is assistant and thence to Ohio to visit family and chief, Eastern for the editor of the Fort Worth Star- onward to Paris to attend film school... covering Europe city (Texas) newspaper... Valerie Reitman (1993), Telegram ....Two Jeffs are based in Winnie Chung (1996), the peripatetic with in entertainment editor of the South China formerly London: Bob Barr (1976) is with The and Detroit has returned to as Associated Press, and Bill a 1995 Morning Post, has been covering people Japan Tokyo Baggitt, for the Times and events in New York, England and a correspondent Los Angeles Jeff when he was news manager at CNN Addison of California... Linda Lin (1986) has Paul (1982) Bloomberg Business News in New York, was recently moved from Hong Kong to a new position News and Junichi Umeda (also 1982) of named managing director CNN Financial at Chinese Television as vice president Nikkei Weekly, organized a lunch at the News Europe ([email protected]) Network in D.C. Washington Foreign Correspondents Club in Tokyo for Charles Burress (1994) finished a ([email protected]). American the 1998 Jeffs. Fuibright in Japan and is back at the San Francisco Chronicle... Janet Fix (1991) INDIA: Bachi Karkaria (1994) is now KOREA: PARK Chang-rae (1976) is business and labor in editor of the Times... Vivek correspondent Bombay from to editor-in-chief of Dong-A Ilbo Washington, D.C., for the Detroit Free Bharati (1992, former editor of the Munwha Ilbo in Seoul... CHANG Economic Times, has moved to the World Press... Jon Funabiki (1989) is a pro- Sung-won, who was assistant economics Bank in New Delhi... Gourang gram officer at the Ford Foundation in editor at Ilbo in 1984 when he Kundapur (1976) is general manager of Dong-A New York City.. . Marilyn Greene was a Jeff, is now a member of the the Press Trust of India based in Bombay. (1993) moved down the road from .Velmur Narasimh National (1984) for the NCNP Narayanan (1985) Assembly Arlington, Va., where she was foreign is editor of the Hindustan Times in New Kim Seok Hwan (1996), for- deputy affairs correspondent for USA Today, to Dehli... Sushma Ramachandran editor of ilbo, returned to eign Joong-Ang Reston, Va., to become executive director (1996), chief business correspondent of Moscow to cover Russia for the newspa- of the World Press Freedom Committee. The Hindu in New Delhi, was recently per. She was also one of the American alum- elected president of the Indian Women's nae to attend the Press and she's c-mailable 30th anniversary confer- Corps NEPAL: Kishore Nepal (1994) is ence in Hong Kong. ([email protected]). reachable via e-mail in Kathmandu Susan Harmon (1989) and her hus- ([email protected]). INDONESIA: Mochtar Lubis, amem- band Richie Meyer (broadcaster-in-resi- her of the fellowships first class in 1967, dence at the EWC in 1989) a in NEW ZEALAND: Suzanne Carty spent year is chairman of the Obor Indonesia Foun- Taiwan where Richie was on a (1992) is editor of the Evening Post in Fuibright. in Jakarta... Kavi dation Chongkitta- have moved to Muncie, which Wellington. They Ind., vorn has moved from the ASEAN (1988) Susan uses as a base for her work with office in Jakarta back to his native Thai- SINGAPORE: Gerry de Silva (1978) Station Resource Group, a company that land where he is for The Nation, writing has moved from the Business Times in represents 45 top public radio stations in whose editor is Pana Janviroj, a member Singapore to Group Corporate Affairs new services, new revenue and of the 1994 Jefferson class. developing with Manager Hong Leong Group civic leadership. Richie is professor of Siew Hua Lee who Singapore... (1992), telecommunications at Ball State JAPAN: The indefatigable Kats for several years from Bangkok reported Henderson Tanaka (1985) attended the anniversary University... Barry (1991) for the Singapore Straits limes, is now a conference in in November, and his wife Leslie have finished their Hong Kong correspondent in Washington, D.C., for visited with Jacobsen and work in Prague and moved to Rocklord, Sally (1996) the newspaper. her husband Pat Oster in New York and Tenn. ... Reg Henry (1985) is editorial editor of the Post Gazette hosted the 1998 American Jeffs for two TAIWAN: LING Erh-hsiang (Cathy) page Pittsburgh in Hiroshima in a Al Hulsen (also 1985) moved across days April, including (1995) is now deputy director of the news town from Hawaii visit to the peace memorial, a meeting department at Central Broadcasting Public Radio to the with the mayor, a tour of the Mazda plant, System in Taipei... Patrick Nai-tien East-West Center, where he directs the a walking tour of Miyajima island and a MO (1973) is managing director of the Pacific Island Report, a daily summa-

12 " Network " November 1998

From previous pare Donu Rogosin (1990), president of public cost is $24.95 (cloth). television's WMHT-TV in the Joey moved to Hong Kong after leaving ry of Pacific islands news Schenectady! Albany area, found time to the Trib, and was the chief organizer of the a about Pearl November conference marked the (http:llpidp.ewc.hawaii.edu/pireport/). produce documentary Buck that David Tong (1987) moved from the 30th anniverary of the Jefferson Francine Kiefer (1995) moved from Alameda Newspaper Group to become Fellowships. He put together an outstand- national/foreign editor at the San Jose assistant business editor of the San ing agenda of speakers (see the story else- Mercury News in California to the Francisco Chronicle. where in this newsletter), met each organi- Christian Science Monitor in zational crisis with great grace and skill, where she's Washington, D.C., covering Rich Somerville (1985), is completing handled a huge volume of correspondence, the White House ... Susan Kreifels his doctorate at the University of Missouri prepared flyers and programs on his trusty in Honolulu after a stayed completing School of Journalism desktop PC, and set up a most successful Freedom Forum Asia a Fellowship year ([email protected]) opening reception at the Foreign ago and now is a reporter/writer for the while assisting the EWC Media Program Correspondents Club. He's now emailable Star-Bulletin, while also teaching journal- as Network editor and webmaster of the ([email protected]). ism at Hawaii Pacific Lew University... new Jefferson Fellows online contact list Leader moved from Monterey, Calif., to Gail Tagashira (1986) at the Los We'd very much like to hearfrom you. become editor of the Toledo managing limes was another of the Angeles Please send news about yourself to (Ohio) Blade... Floyd McKay (1984) is American Jeffs who attended the Jeff con- [email protected], or via regular associate professor and chair of the jour- ference in and then did some Hong Kong mail to Web Nolan, EWC Media Program, nalism department at Western Washington travelling in China... Chip Visci (1992) 1601 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI, University in Bellingham. moved from editor of the managing 96848 USA. Mahalo nui boa! Detroit Free Press to assistant to the Terry McDermott (1991) has moved chairman and CEO of Knight-Ridder from the Seattle limes to the Los Angeles Kathy Warbelow (1984) is manag- limes ([email protected]), ing editor of the Austin (Tex.) American NETWORK saying, "My job is to write about Los Statesman... Bill Wong (1983) is now a Angeles, or at least try to discover what freelance writer who contributes columns Volume 9 " Number I that is." . . . In NewYork City, Allison to The San Francisco Examiner, Asia November 1998 Orr (1997) moved across town, from Week, the Progressive Media Projects and CNN to "NBC Dateline" as an associate other outlets ([email protected]). Richard Somerville, Editor producer... Gwenda Richards Oshiro, formerly Gwenda Iyechad (1980), has a Network is the East-West Memories by Reaves published by new assignment at in Center Media Program as a newsletter This column began with a book plug, Portland, where she is covering race rela- for Jefferson Fellows and news media so it's only fitting to conclude with anoth- associates of the Center as a to tions, immigration and related issues as way er: Joey Reaves (1984), foreign corre- keep in touch and to further the of Race and Demographics reporter goal spondent for UPI and the Chicago Tribune broadening perspectives of the ([email protected]). Asia/Pacific We welcome who came home after 12 years of report- community. articles, comments wars and revolutions in the Mideast, and updated infor- Karen Rew is now editor-at- ing (1986) mation about the activities and address Eastern and Asia, went on to cover for the online edition of the Europe large Chicago changes of media associates. Also, we Robinson-Hatten the Chicago Cubs in 1992, 1994 and 1995 Tribune.. . Katy are gathering e-mail addresses of those 1993 the White Sox). (1997), technology reporter and columnist (spending following who are on the Internet. Contact Media at the Idaho Statesman, went to Seoul in He recounts his experiences in "From Program Director Web Nolan at: Warsaw to A September on a fellowship to study Wrigley: Foreign Tale of Home East-West Center Media Korean... Trudy Rubin (1993) of the Correspondent's Coming Program from Communism to the Cubs." The book 1777 East-West Road Philadelphia Inquirer continues her drew Honolulu, 11196848 nationally syndicated foreign affairs col- kudos from Sports Illustrated, but Phone: (808) 944-7199 umn from datelines around the world and it's a little difficult to find. The publisher Fax: (808) 944-7970 meeting with Jeffs in those countries, is Diamond Communications Inc., P.O. E-mail: [email protected] most recently India and Indonesia... Box 88, South Bend, IN 46624-0088. The