Apocalyptic and the New Testament Biblical Studies: Bloomsbury Academic Collections
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Apocalyptic and the New Testament Biblical Studies: Bloomsbury Academic Collections Bringing back into print many titles from the renowned British theological publishers T&T Clark, this is a fascinating collection comprising seven sets of Biblical Studies titles. Founded in 1821 in Edinburgh, and still publishing under its own name to this day, T&T Clark established itself early on as the doyen of Biblical Studies publishing, most notably with its translations of influential theological titles. This collection encompasses the numerous and varied subjects of Biblical Studies, starting with the history of Judaism and the Hebrew Bible, then tracing the origins and influences of early Christianity, looking at the epistolary writings of the New Testament, giving in-depth analyses and interpretation of the Gospels and its writers, as well as detailing criticism of the Bible itself over the years and examining the complex and diverse languages of the Bible. The collection is available both in e-book and print versions. Titles in Biblical Studies are available in the following subsets: Biblical Studies: The Hebrew Bible Biblical Studies: Early Christianity Biblical Studies: The Epistles Biblical Studies: Gospel Interpretation Biblical Studies: Gospel Narrative Biblical Studies: Historic Texts Biblical Studies: Biblical Languages Other titles available in Biblical Studies: Gospel Narrative include: The Hymns of Luke's Infancy Narratives, Stephen Farris The Passion According to Luke: The Special Material of Luke 22, Marion L. Soards The Last Shall Be First: The Rhetoric of Reversal in Luke, John York Matthew's Inclusive Story: A Study in the Narrative Rhetoric of the First Gospel, David B. Howell Matthew's Missionary Discourse: A Literary-Critical Analysis, Dorothy Weaver Narrative Asides in Luke-Acts, Steven Sheeley The Quest for Q, David Catchpole Grammatical Insights into the New Testament, Nigel Turner Apocalyptic and the New Testament Essays in Honor of J. Louis Martyn Edited by Joel Marcus and Marion L. Soards Biblical Studies: Gospel Narrative BLOOMSBURY ACADEMIC COLLECTIONS Bloomsbury Academic An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc Bloomsbury Academic An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square 1385 Broadway London New York WC1B 3DP NY 10018 UK USA www.bloomsbury.com BLOOMSBURY and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published in 1989 by Sheffield Academic Press This edition published by Bloomsbury Academic 2015 © Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2015 Joel Marcus and Marion L. Soards have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Editors of this work. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. No responsibility for loss caused to any individual or organization acting on or refraining from action as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by Bloomsbury or the author. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: HB: 978-1-4742-3149-7 ePDF: 978-1-4742-3618-8 Set: 978-1-4742-2897-8 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Series: Bloomsbury Academic Collections, ISSN 2051-0012 Printed and bound in Great Britain JOURNAL FOR THE STUDY OF THE NEW TESTAMENT SUPPLEMENT SERIES 24 Executive Editor, Supplement Series David Hill Publishing Editor David E Orton JSOT Press Sheffield This page intentionally left blank APOCALYPTIC AND THE NEW TESTAMENT Essays in Honor of J. Louis Martyn edited by Joel Marcus and Marion L Soards Journal for the Study of the New Testament Supplement Series 24 Copyright © 1989 Sheffield Academic Press Published by JSOT Press JSOT Press is an imprint of Sheffield Academic Press Ltd The University of Sheffield 343 Fulwood Road Sheffield S10 3BP England Printed in Great Britain by Billing & Sons Ltd Worcester British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Apocalyptic and the new testament. 1. Bible. N.I. Eschatology I. Marcus, Joel II. Soards, Marion L. III. Martyn, J. Louis IV. Series 236 ISSN 0143-5108 ISBN 9781850751755 CONTENTS Foreword 7 RAYMOND E. BROWN A Personal Word 9 Abbreviations 13 List of Contributors 15 RICHARD E. STURM Defining the Word 'Apocalyptic': A Problem in Biblical Criticism 17 JOEL MARCUS 'The time has been fulfilled!' (Mark 1.15) 49 JANE SCHABERG Mark 14.62: Early Christian Merkabah Imagery? 69 STEPHENSON H. BROOKS Apocalyptic Paraenesis in Matthew 6.19-34 95 O. LAMAR COPE 'To the close of the age': The Role of Apocalyptic Thought in the Gospel of Matthew 113 ROBIN SCROGGS Eschatological Existence in Matthew and Paul: Coincidentia Oppositorum 125 THOMAS E. BOOMERSHINE Epistemology at the Turn of the Ages in Paul, Jesus, and Mark: Rhetoric and Dialectic in Apocalyptic and the New Testament 147 MARTINUS C. DE BOER Paul and Jewish Apocalyptic Eschatology 169 RICHARD B. HAYS 'The Righteous One' as Eschatological Deliverer: A Case Study in Paul's Apocalyptic Hermeneutics 191 JUDITH L. KOVACS The Archons, the Spirit, and the Death of Christ: Do we Need the Hypothesis of Gnostic Opponents to Explain 1 Corinthians 2.6-16? 217 MARION L. SOARDS Seeking (zetein) and Sinning (hamartolos and hamartia) according to Galatians 2.17 237 CHARLES P. ANDERSON Who Are the Heirs of the new Age in the Epistle to the Hebrews? 255 NANCY J. DUFF The Significance of Pauline Apocalyptic for Theological Ethics 279 PAUL LEHMANN Barmen and the Church's Call to Faithfulness and Social Responsibility 297 DOROTHY W. MARTYN A Child and Adam: A Parable of the Two Ages 317 Index of Biblical and Other References 335 Index of Authors 347 FOREWORD In his nearly thirty years at Union Theological Seminary, New York, J. Louis Martyn has had a subtle but profound effect upon a variety of areas of New Testament study. To the present time he is best known for his seminal labors on the Gospel of John,1 but even before History and Theology in the Fourth Gospel appeared in 1968, he had done ground-breaking exegetical work on the relation between Paul and apocalyptic theology.2 In a set of recent articles3 he has returned to this theme, and his forthcoming Anchor Bible commentary on Galatians will bring this work to fruition. As is evidenced in this volume, some of his students and friends have, in dialogue with him, taken Martyn's awareness of the importance of apocalyptic and explored its relevance for study of other areas of the New Testment. The interpenetration between apocalyptic and the New Testament will be further explored in this volume. As any reader of contemporary New Testament scholarship knows, the precise definition of the word 'apocalyptic', and even the legitimacy of using it as a noun, are matters of intense debate, and readers of this volume will note that the authors have assumed a variety of explicit or implicit working definitions of the term. At times the word describes a genre of literature (apocalypse), at times it describes a type of eschatology, at times it describes a social movement (apocalypticism), and at times it describes a way of looking at the world. This volume deals primarily with 'apocalyptic' as a way of looking at the world. After a tribute to Prof. Martyn from his colleague Raymond E. Brown, the first essay, by Richard E. Sturm, explicitly addresses the problem of defining 'apocalyptic'. Then a series of essays relates apocalyptic to the Synoptic Gospels and the Pauline corpus (here including Hebrews). Next two essays by theologians, Nancy J. Duff and Martyn's friend and former colleague Paul Lehmann, explore the ramifications of apocalyptic for contemporary 8 Apocalyptic and the New Testament theology and ethics. Finally, the essay by Dorothy W. Martyn (Mrs. J. Louis Martyn) illustrates that the significance of New Testament apocalyptic reaches beyond what are normally thought of as 'theological' topics into fields such as psychology and psychotherapy. J. Louis Martyn has steadily reminded his students and friends that one does exegesis in much the same manner that one engages in conversation. All of us who have contributed to this volume present these studies to him in the hope and confidence that the conversation will continue. The editors wish to thank the Presidents of Princeton Theological Seminary and United Theological Seminary, Dayton, Dr Thomas W. Gillespie and Dr Leonard I. Sweet, for their generous support of this project. NOTES 1. History and Theology in the Fourth Gospel (2nd rev. edn; Nashville: Abingdon, 1979; orig. 1968); The Gospel of John in Christian History: Essays for Interpreters (Theological Inquiries; New York: Paulist, 1978). Gospel consists of a collection of essays published in the mid-1970s. 2. 'Epistemology at the Turn of the Ages: 2 Corinthians 5.16' in Christian History and Interpretation: Studies Presented to John Knox (ed. W.R. Farmer et al.; Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1967), pp. 269-87. 3. 'From Paul to Flannery O'Connor with the Power of Grace', Katallagete 6 (1981), pp. 10-17; 'Apocalyptic Antinomies in Paul's Letter to the Galatians', NTS 31 (1985), pp. 410-24. A PERSONAL WORD In a Festschrift the intellectual quality of the contributions pays tribute to the scholarship of the one being honored. I wish to go beyond such formal acknowledgment by expressing what many of us owe to Lou Martyn as a person and a scholar, for in that combination lies what I do not hesitate to call his greatness. The first contact with Martyn that I remember came in the spring of 1968 when, largely through the persuasion of Jim Sanders, I came as a visiting professor to Union Theological Seminary in New York.