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Race, Ethnicity, and Place in a Changing America: a Perspective
Chapter 1 Race, Ethnicity, and Place in a Changing America: A Perspective JOHN W. FRAZIER PERSISTENCE AND CHANGE IN AMERICAN HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Culture, and the human geography it produces, persists over a long time period. However, culture changes slowly, as does the visible landscape it produces and the ethnic meanings imbued by the group that shapes it. That many examples of persistent and new cultural landscapes exist in the United States is not surpris- ing given the major technological, demographic, and economic changes in American society since World War II (WWII). America emerged from WWII as one of two superpowers, developed and embraced technology that took Americans to the moon, created an electronics revolution that greatly modified the ways that Americans work and live, and built a globally unique interstate highway system, new housing stock, millions of additional automobiles, and otherwise increased its production to meet the challenge of nearly doubling its population be- tween 1950 and 2000. The post-WWII baby boom and massive immigration fueled population growth and modified American society in important ways, creating different needs and growing aspirations. A larger Afri- can American middle class also emerged during this post-war period. Leadership in a growing global economy enabled unprecedented economic growth that supported these changes. Some less positive changes occurred during this period as America repositioned itself in global affairs, while experiencing great domestic and global economic, social and political challenges. America fought and lost a war in Vietnam, experienced an energy crisis, and suffered through double-digit inflation and severe economic recession, which contributed to a more conservative mood in Washington, D.C. -
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EU RESEARCH ON SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES Changequal: Economic Change, Unequal Life Chances and Quality of Life CHANGEQUAL THE ART STATE OF EUR 21325 European Commission EUR 21325 — EU research on social sciences and humanities – Psychological Contracting across Employment Situations Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 2004 — 243 pp. —21.0 x 29.7 cm Economic Change, Unequal Life Chances and Quality of Life CHANGEQUAL State of the Art Project HPSE-CT2002-50028 Funded under the Key Action "Improving the Socio-Economic Knowledge Base" of FP5 DG Research Report issued in March 2005 Coordinator of project : The Economic and Social Research Institute Dublin, Ireland Christopher T. Whelan Partners : Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, FR Roxanne Silberman Universitaet Mannheim, Mannheim, DE Walter Mueller The Warden and Fellows of Nuffield College, Oxford, UK Duncan Gallie Stockholms Universitet, Stockholm, SE Jan O. Jonsson Directorate-General for Research 2004 Citizen and governance in a Knowledge-based society EUR 213 25 EN EUROPEAN COMMISSION RESEARCH Directorate-General for Research Director General: Achilleas Mitsos The Directorate-General for Research is responsible for implementing EU level policies and activities in view of the development of the European Research Area. It initiates and implements the necessary Community actions, in particular the RTD Framework Programmes in terms of research and technological development. It also contributes to the implementation of the “Lisbon Strategy” regarding employment, competitiveness at international level, economic reform and social cohesion within the European Union. The Directorate " Social Sciences and Humanities; Foresight" Directorate K, addresses key societal, economic and S&T challenges for Europe. -
1921 Tulsa Race Riot Reconnaissance Survey
1921 Tulsa Race Riot Reconnaissance Survey Final November 2005 National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 Summary Statement 1 Bac.ground and Purpose 1 HISTORIC CONTEXT 5 National Persp4l<live 5 1'k"Y v. f~u,on' World War I: 1896-1917 5 World W~r I and Postw~r ( r.: 1!1t7' EarIV 1920,; 8 Tulsa RaCR Riot 14 IIa<kground 14 TI\oe R~~ Riot 18 AIt. rmath 29 Socilot Political, lind Economic Impa<tsJRamlt;catlon, 32 INVENTORY 39 Survey Arf!a 39 Historic Greenwood Area 39 Anla Oubi" of HiOlorK G_nwood 40 The Tulsa Race Riot Maps 43 Slirvey Area Historic Resources 43 HI STORIC GREENWOOD AREA RESOURCeS 7J EVALUATION Of NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE 91 Criteria for National Significance 91 Nalional Signifiunce EV;1lu;1tio.n 92 NMiol\ill Sionlflcao<e An.aIYS;s 92 Inl~ri ly E~alualion AnalY'is 95 {"",Iu,ion 98 Potenl l~1 M~na~menl Strategies for Resource Prote<tion 99 PREPARERS AND CONSULTANTS 103 BIBUOGRAPHY 105 APPENDIX A, Inventory of Elltant Cultural Resoun:es Associated with 1921 Tulsa Race Riot That Are Located Outside of Historic Greenwood Area 109 Maps 49 The African American S«tion. 1921 51 TI\oe Seed. of c..taotrophe 53 T.... Riot Erupt! SS ~I,.,t Blood 57 NiOhl Fiohlino 59 rM Inva.ion 01 iliad. TIll ... 61 TM fighl for Standp''''' Hill 63 W.II of fire 65 Arri~.. , of the Statl! Troop< 6 7 Fil'lal FiOlrtino ~nd M~,,;~I I.IIw 69 jii INTRODUCTION Summary Statement n~sed in its history. -
Millville, NJ
WfJ/iIlE/iS ".(;(/'11' 2se No. 500 ~X-523 20 April 1990 Wall Street Shudders After Tokyo Stock Market Crash Japan is supposed to be the ultimate, super-successful capitalist country. But in March and early April the Tokyo stock exchange experienced a meltdown wip ing out almost 30 percent of the market value of Japan, Inc. "There is a total loss of confidence, period," exclaimed one se curities dealer. "It's an ugly situation," echoed another. "There are no buyers at all. None." Nippon Telegraph and Tele-' phone-the largest corporation in the world-had its stock fall from a peak of $21,000 per share a few years ago to less than $8,000. The Tokyo crash reverberated in finan cial capitals from Wall Street to Frank furt. The fear is that the Japanese will pull back and sell off their .assets to cover their losses at home. For most of the last decade, Japanese money has propped up the debt-ridden and decaying U.S. economy. Tokyo banks and securi ties outfits regularly purchase 30 to 40 percent of new U.S. Treasury bonds. Shigeo Kogure Without this Japanese money, T-bills World's biggest stock market loses almost 30 percent of value in a few months. would be selling at the same interest rates as junk bonds. But now the great Thus at the very moment that the Economic conflicts between American that smoothly as the economic "shock "leveraged buyout" of East Europe, chan rulers of world imperialism are proclaim and Japanese capitalism continue to treatment" designed for Poland meets neled through the banking houses of ing "the death of Communism" as "the escalate toward full-scale trade war. -
U.S. Citizens Killed Or Disappeared by Cuba's
U.S. CITIZENS KILLED OR DISAPPEARED Francis Brown, age 68. Assassinated BY CUBA’S COMMUNIST REGIME extrajudicially April 27, 1978, Guantánamo hospital. Former World War II veteran who, when 48 documented cases 1959 to date the Castro regime rose to power, worked as a diver at the U.S. Guantanamo Naval Base and had a Update of September 2018 Cuban wife and daughter. A co-worker alerted him that the Cuban regime had ordered him killed to Work in progress blame the U.S. government and provoke a See case details at database.CubaArchive.org confrontation. He resigned from his job at the base to avoid being used as pawn, but remained in Cuba trying to get his family out. Falsely accused of kidnapping his own daughter and imprisoned after his release, he was under constant surveillance and control of the secret police. On the eve of a visit I. 22 U.S. citizens executed, by a friendly U.S. African-American delegation, he developed high blood assassinated, or disappeared pressure and went to the hospital emergency room. Under control of State Executions by firing squad: 8 Security agents, he was given an injection that almost immediately caused Extrajudicial Assassinations: 11 him to foam at the mouth and die. His daughter believes he was killed to Forced Disappearance: 1 avoid a public relations’ problem. Politically induced suicide: 2 In alphabetical order Frederic Richard Carter. Assassinated extrajudicially August 11, 1982, State Security headquarters in Havana. Resident of Armando Alejandre Jr., age 45. Assassinated Havana, Cuba, reportedly killed under arrest. extrajudicially February 24, 1996, inter- national airspace over the Straits of Florida. -
“The Savage Harmony”. Wallace Stevens and the Poetic Apprehension of an Anthropic Universe
“BABEŞ-BOLYAI” UNIVERSITY OF CLUJ-NAPOCA FACULTY OF LETTERS “THE SAVAGE HARMONY”. WALLACE STEVENS AND THE POETIC APPREHENSION OF AN ANTHROPIC UNIVERSE — SUMMARY — Scientific advisor: Virgil Stanciu, Ph.D. Doctoral candidate: Octavian-Paul More Cluj-Napoca 2010 Contents: Introduction: Stevens, the “Savage Harmony” and the Need for Revaluation Chapter I: Between “Ideas about the Thing” and “The Thing Itself”—Modernism, Positioning, and the Subject – Object Dialectic 1.1. Universalism, the search for the object and the metaphor of positioning as a “root metaphor” in Modernist poetry 1.2. “In-betweenness,” “coalescence” and the relational nature of Modernism 1.3. Common denominators and individual differences in redefining the Modernist search for the object 1.3.1. The drive toward identification, “subjectivising” the object and the “poetry of approach” (W. C. Williams) 1.3.2. Detachment, anti-perspectivism and the strategy of the “snow man” (W. Stevens) 1.4. Universalism revisited: the search for the object as a new mode of knowledge 1.4.1. The shift from static to dynamic and the abstractisation/reification of vision 1.4.2. Relativism vs. indetermination and the reassessment of the position of the subject 1.5. Individual vs. universal in a world of fragments: the search for the object as an experience of locality 1.5.1. “The affair of the possible” or “place” as the changing parlance of the imagination (W. Stevens) 1.5.2. “Suppressed complex(es)” or “place” as the locus of dissociation and transgression (T. S. Eliot) 1.5.3. “The palpable Elysium” or “place” as recuperation and reintegration (E. -
Is Castro's Cuba a Budding Narcostate?
Vol. 20, No. 4 April 2012 In the News Despite fall in U.S. food exports to Cuba, Advertising everywhere shipments of beans edge up every year Competition heats up in Cuba’s rapidly BY VITO ECHEVARRÍA It was also the same year Pat Wallesen visited decentralizing economy ................Page 3 he Cubans haven’t bought a single grain Cuba for the first time. Wallesen is managing of American rice for years. But when it partner of WestStar Food Co. in Corpus Christi, Tcomes to U.S. beans, state purchasing a major U.S. exporter of dry beans. SEC pressures Telefónica agency Alimport can’t seem to get enough. “The Cubans are opportunistic buyers,” said Spanish telecom giant is hounded over its According to USDA figures, dry bean exports Wallesen, telling CubaNews that global commo- business interests in Cuba ............Page 4 to Cuba reached $7.7 million last year, up from dity prices have fluctuated not only for beans lately, but other crops as well. He put total annu- $5.6 million in 2010 and $4.3 million in 2009. al dry bean purchases at 45,000 metric tons. Political briefs That’s still a lot less than the record $10.9 mil- “They buy when the time is right. They buy lion worth of beans sold in 2006, though dra- from the U.S. between November and Febru- Rubio lifts hold on Jacobson nomination; matically more than in 2007 and 2008, when U.S. Miami-Dade proposal under fire ...Page 5 ary,” he said. WestStar Foods sometimes sup- farmers exported only $73,000 and $68,000 plies the Cubans with its own inventory of worth of beans to Cuba (see chart, page 3). -
The Cuban Military and Transition Dynamics
THE CUBAN MILITARY AND TRANSITION DYNAMICS By Brian Latell INSTITUTE FOR CUBAN AND CUBAN-AMERICAN STUDIES U NIVERSITY OF M IAMI ISBN: 0-9704916-9-7. Published in 2003. THE CUBAN MILITARY AND TRANSITION DYNAMICS Cuba Transition Project – CTP The Cuba Transition Project, at the Institute for Cuban and Cuban-American Studies (ICCAS), University of Miami, is an important and timely project to study and make recommendations for the reconstruction of Cuba once the post-Castro transition begins in earnest. The transitions in Central and Eastern Europe, Nicaragua, and Spain are being analyzed and lessons drawn for the future of Cuba. The project began in January 2002 and is funded by a grant from the U.S. Agency for International Development. Programs and Activities • The CTP is publishing original research, with practical alternative recommendations on various specific aspects of the transition process, commissioned and written for the CTP by ICCAS Staff and U.S. and foreign scholars with expertise on Cuba. • The CTP is developing four key databases: 1. A full-text database of published and unpublished articles written on topics of transition in Cuba, as well as articles on transition in Central and Eastern Europe, Nicaragua, and Spain. It also includes an extensive bibliography of published and unpublished books, theses, and dissertations on the topic. 2. A full-text database of Cuba’s principal laws, in Spanish, its legal system, including the current Cuban Constitution (in English and Spanish), and other legislation relating to the structure of the existing government. Also included are the full-text of law review articles on a variety of topics 3. -
I. 22 U.S. Citizens Executed, Assassinated, Or Disappeared Francis Brown, Age 68
elementary standards of justice practiced by the civilized nations of the world.” Anderson’s family sued the Cuban government for damages in U.S federal court and in 2003 obtained an award of $67 million. Louis Berlanti and son, Fred Berlanti. Assassinated extrajudicially August 16, 1963, over Lake Okeechobee, Florida. Louis was a contractor and real U.S. CITIZENS KILLED OR DISAPPEARED estate developer from Harrison, New York, who had BY CUBA’S COMMUNIST REGIME suffered sizable real estate losses from property confiscations by the Castro government and had pledged 48 documented cases 1959 to date half a million dollars to unseat it. He and his son Fred, a resident of St. Petersburg Beach, Florida, were members Update of July 2020 of the "United Organizations for the Liberation of Cuba." Work- in-progress They were flying in a private airplane reportedly sabotaged by Cuban intelligence. I. 22 U.S. citizens executed, assassinated, or disappeared Francis Brown, age 68. Executions by firing squad: 8 Assassinated extrajudicially April Extrajudicial Assassinations: 11 27, 1978, Guantánamo hospital. Forced Disappearance: 1 Former World War II veteran who, Politically induced suicide: 2 when the Castro regime rose to power, worked as a diver at the U.S. In alphabetical order Guantanamo Naval Base and had a Cuban wife and daughter. A co- worker alerted him that the Cuban regime had ordered Armando Alejandre Jr., age 45. him killed to blame the U.S. government and provoke a Assassinated extrajudicially on confrontation. He resigned from his job at the base to February 24, 1996, inter-national avoid being used as pawn, but remained in Cuba trying to airspace over the Straits of Florida. -
Underclass": Confronting America's Enduring Apartheid
Columbia Law School Scholarship Archive Faculty Scholarship Faculty Publications 1995 Integrating the "Underclass": Confronting America's Enduring Apartheid Olatunde C.A. Johnson Columbia Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, and the Law and Race Commons Recommended Citation Olatunde C. Johnson, Integrating the "Underclass": Confronting America's Enduring Apartheid, 47 STAN. L. REV. 787 (1995). Available at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship/2207 This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at Scholarship Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Scholarship Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BOOK NOTE Integrating the "Underclass": Confronting America's Enduring Apartheid Olati Johnson* AMERICAN APARTHEID: SEGREGATION AND THE MAKING OF THE UNDERCLASS. By Douglas S. Masseyt & Nancy A. Denton.t Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. 1993. 292 pp. $14.95. Douglas Massey and Nancy Denton's American Apartheid argues that housing integration has inappropriatelydisappeared from the nationalagenda and is critical to remedying the problems of the so-called "underclass." Re- viewer Olati Johnson praises the authors' refusal to dichotomize race and class and the roles both play in creatingand maintaininghousing segregation. However, she argues, Massey and Dentonfail to examine critically either the concept of the underclass or the integration ideology they espouse. Specifi- cally, she contends, the authorsfail to confront the limits of integration strate- gies in providing affordable housing or combating the problem of tokenism. -
How American Ghettos Were Made Race, Real Estate and the Black Migration to Chicago by David J
How American Ghettos Were Made Race, Real Estate and the Black Migration to Chicago By David J. Garrow Washington Post Book World, Sunday, March 15, 2009; B07 FAMILY PROPERTIES: Race, Real Estate, and the Exploitation of Black Urban America By Beryl Satter Metropolitan. 495 pp. $30 In 1955, a young African American couple bought a house in Chicago's Hyde Park, the same neighborhood where Barack and Michelle Obama settled four decades later. Unlike the Obamas, Albert and Sallie Bolton had to purchase their home on an installment plan, because in the 1950s federal agencies refused to insure mortgage loans for buyers in racially integrated areas. Facing severely limited options, the Boltons contracted to pay the then-princely sum of $13,900 for a 100-year-old cottage without central heat. The seller, a white real estate agent named Jay Goran, specialized in just this kind of deal: He sold properties for a down payment of only a few hundred dollars, but if the purchasers missed even one installment, Illinois law allowed him to quickly and easily obtain an eviction order for less than $5. After the Boltons signed the contract, Goran added extra fees to their monthly bills. When they called to complain, he refused to speak to them. Then came repeated visits from housing code inspectors: First the couple had to remove their shutters, then rebuild the front porch, then fix the back porch. After 18 months, the Boltons fell behind on a payment, and Goran filed for eviction. Prospective buyers were already showing up at the house when the young couple sought help from a hardscrabble Chicago lawyer, Mark Satter. -
21St Century Exclusion: Roma and Gypsy-Travellers in European
Angus Bancroft (2005) Roma and Gypsy-Travellers in Europe: Modernity, Race, Space and Exclusion, Aldershot: Ashgate. Contents Chapter 1 Europe and its Internal Outsiders Chapter 2 Modernity, Space and the Outsider Chapter 3 The Gypsies Metamorphosed: Race, Racialization and Racial Action in Europe Chapter 4 Segregation of Roma and Gypsy-Travellers Chapter 5 The Law of the Land Chapter 6 A Panic in Perspective Chapter 7 Closed Spaces, Restricted Places Chapter 8 A ‘21st Century Racism’? Bibliography Index Chapter 1 Europe and its Internal Outsiders Introduction From the ‘forgotten Holocaust’ in the concentration camps of Nazi controlled Europe to the upsurge of racist violence that followed the fall of Communism and the naked hostility displayed towards them across the continent in the 21st Century, Europe has been a dangerous place for Roma and Gypsy-Travellers (‘Gypsies’). There are Roma and Gypsy-Travellers living in every country of Europe. They have been the object of persecution, and the subject of misrepresentation, for most of their history. They are amongst the most marginalized groups in European society, historically being on the receiving end of severe racism, social and economic disadvantage, and forced population displacement. Anti-Gypsy sentiment is present throughout Europe, in post-Communist countries such as Romania, in social democracies like Finland, in Britain, in France and so on. Opinion polls consistently show that they are held in lower esteem than other ethnic groups. Examples of these sentiments in action range from mob violence in Croatia to ‘no Travellers’ signs in pubs in Scotland. This book will examine the exclusion of Roma and Gypsy-Travellers in Europe.