Sinclair and Dyes Inlets Fecal Coliform Bacteria TMDL Water
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Sinclair and Dyes Inlets Fecal Coliform Bacteria Total Maximum Daily Load TMDL and Water Quality Implementation Plan Revised June 2012 Publication No. 11-10-051 Publication and Contact Information This report is available on the Department of Ecology’s website at http://www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/1110051.html For more information contact: Washington State Department of Ecology Northwest Regional Office Water Quality Program 3190 160th Ave SE Bellevue, WA 98008 Phone: 425-649-7105 Washington State Department of Ecology - www.ecy.wa.gov/ o Headquarters, Olympia 360-407-6000 o Northwest Regional Office, Bellevue 425-649-7000 o Southwest Regional Office, Olympia 360-407-6300 o Central Regional Office, Yakima 509-575-2490 o Eastern Regional Office, Spokane 509-329-3400 Cover photo: Gorst Creek at head of Sinclair Inlet (Ecology Shoreline Aerial photo, 2006) Project Codes and 1996 303(d) Waterbody ID Numbers Data for this project are available at Ecology’s Environmental Information Management (EIM) website at www.ecy.wa.gov/eim/index.htm. Search User Study ID, ENVVEST. Activity Tracker Code (Environmental Assessment Program) is 03-055 TMDL Study Code (Water Quality Program) is SiDy15FC Waterbody Numbers: WA-15-0020 Dyes Inlet & Port Washington Narrows; WA-15-4000 Gorst Creek; WA-15-4200 Blackjack Creek; WA-15-4400 Annapolis Creek; WA-15-4900 Beaver Creek; WA-15-5000 Clear Creek; WA-15-5100 Barker Creek; WA-15-0040 Sinclair Inlet Any use of product or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the author or the Department of Ecology. If you need this document in a format for the visually impaired, call the Water Quality Program at 360-407-6404. Persons with hearing loss can call 711 for Washington Relay Service. Persons with a speech disability can call 877-833-6341. Sinclair and Dyes Inlets Fecal Coliform Total Maximum Daily Load TMDL and Water Quality Implementation Plan by Sally Lawrence Water Quality Program Northwest Regional Office Washington State Department of Ecology Bellevue, Washington 98008 Mindy Roberts and Karol Erickson Environmental Assessment Program Washington State Department of Ecology Olympia, Washington 98504 with technical contributions by Robert K. Johnston Technical Lead, Project ENVVEST Puget Sound Naval Shipyard & Intermediate Maintenance Facility Marine Environmental Support Office - NW Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Code 71752 4228 Fir Dr. NE Bremerton, WA 98310 This page is purposely left blank Table of Contents Page List of Figures and Tables............................................................................................................. vii Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ xi Definitions, Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................................. xiii Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................... xix What is a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) .............................................................................1 Federal Clean Water Act requirements ......................................................................................1 TMDL process overview ...........................................................................................................1 Elements the Clean Water Act requires in a TMDL ..................................................................2 Why Ecology is Developing a TMDL in this Watershed ................................................................3 Health risk from harmful bacteria and viruses ...........................................................................4 Background ................................................................................................................................4 Impairments addressed by this TMDL ......................................................................................6 Water Quality Standards and Beneficial Uses .................................................................................9 Fecal coliform bacteria ..............................................................................................................9 Numeric criteria for freshwaters ................................................................................................9 Numeric criteria for marine waters ..........................................................................................10 Watershed Description ...................................................................................................................13 Geographic setting ...................................................................................................................13 Tribes .......................................................................................................................................15 Other entities ............................................................................................................................15 Pollution Sources ...........................................................................................................................17 Point sources/permit holders ....................................................................................................17 Nonpoint sources .....................................................................................................................21 Goals and Objectives .....................................................................................................................23 Project goal ..............................................................................................................................23 Study objectives .......................................................................................................................23 Analytical Approach ......................................................................................................................25 Study area.................................................................................................................................25 Partnership study approach ......................................................................................................25 Modeling framework ...............................................................................................................29 Study Results and Discussion ........................................................................................................35 Monitoring data sources ...........................................................................................................35 Fecal coliform results for freshwater .......................................................................................37 Fecal coliform results for marine water ...................................................................................45 TMDL Analysis .............................................................................................................................49 Marine fecal coliform bacteria .................................................................................................49 Freshwater fecal coliform bacteria ...........................................................................................61 Sinclair-Dyes Watershed Bacteria TMDL and Implementation Plan Page iii Current Water Quality ....................................................................................................................67 Current marine water quality ...................................................................................................67 Current stream water quality ....................................................................................................72 Current stormwater quality ......................................................................................................73 Loading Capacity ...........................................................................................................................77 Preliminary load and wasteload allocations for marine waters ...............................................78 Final marine load and wasteload allocations ...........................................................................82 Preliminary load and wasteload allocations for freshwater .....................................................86 Final load and wasteload allocations for freshwater ................................................................87 Reserve capacity for future growth ..........................................................................................92 Margin of Safety ............................................................................................................................95 Reasonable Assurance that Nonpoint Sources Will Be Reduced ..................................................97 Implementation Plan ....................................................................................................................101 Introduction ............................................................................................................................101 Improvements in marine water quality since 2000 ................................................................101 Priority locations and sources of fecal coliform pollution .....................................................102 Programs