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Survey Cruise Report No. 7, January 6-16, 1985

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Survey Cruise Report No. 7, January 6-16, 1985 Vlarine Fisheries Researcb, Management and Development Project BGD/80/025/CR 7 Marine Fisheries Resources Survey Demersal Trawling BGD/80/025/CR7 Survey Cruise Report No. 7 Jarwary 5-16, 1985 By T F White FAO Team Leader/Senior Fisheries Biologist Chittagong Bangladesh July 1985 United Nations Development Programme, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ii Information provided in this Cruise Report is the result of analysis of data obtained during the survey cruise. Any interpretation of these data represents the opinions of the authors alone and does not necessarily represent the opinion of the Food and Agriculture Organization. Similarly. the designations employed and the presentation of the material and maps in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion vvhatsoever. on the part of the United Nations or the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal or constitutional status of any country, territory or sea area. or concerning the delimitation of frontiers. iii SUMMARY Daylight trawling was conducted on 45 randomly selected stations, ranging in depth from 15 to 107 metres, with an average overall catch rate of 99 kg/30 minutes trawling. The density decreased considerably cetwern the shallcwer ar.d deeper water, the mern catch rate in waters less than 50 metres in depth being around 200-250 kg/30 minutes trawling, while in the deeper waters, it was less than 50 kg/30 minutes trawling. The most abundant species in the overall catch were catfish (Family Ariidae), jewfish (Family Sciaenidae), hairtaiL Lepturacanthus savala, scads (Family Carangidae), threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus and lizard fish, Saurida spp., all in approximately equal amounts. Penaeid prawns were virtually absent. Few of the fish landed during the survey were of commercial value, due to their abundance, type or size. The overall demersal biomass calculated for the survey area was between 40,000 and 294,000 m.t., of which some 100 tonnes only were prawns. Few pelagic fish were observed visually or using the sonar or fish finder, although around 20% of the catch consisted of "pelagic" species. Eight to ten "Thai" trawlers were observed operating in shallow waters in the north cen­ tral section of the survey area. Water conditions over the survey area were somewhat clearer than during previous cruises. CRUISE DETAILS Cruise No. : 8 Duration : 10 days from January 6-16, 1985 No. of trawl stations completed : 45 Cruise Leader Mr Md. Gulam Mustafa Biologists Mr S. A. Ouayum Mr Zubair Ahmed Chowdhury Mr Nasiruddin Sada IV TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1 2.1 The Survey Area and Selection of Trawl Stations 1 2.2 The Vessel and Gear 1 2.3 Treatment of the catch 2 2.4 Data Analysis 2 3. RESULTS 3 3.1 General 3 3.2 Distribution and Abundance of the Major Species 3 3.2.1 Bathymetric distribution 6 3.2.1.1 10-20 metre depth zone 6 3.2.1.2 21-30 metre depth zone 6 3.2.1.3 31-50 metre depth zone 7 3.2.1.4 51-100 metre depth zone 7 3.2.1.5 101-200 metre depth zone 7 3.2.1.6 Summary - Bathymetric distribution 7 3.2.2 Geographical distribution 8 3.3 Distribution and Abundance of the Most Common Species in the Catch. 8 3.3.1 Family Ariidae (catfish) 9 3.3.2 Family Sciaenidae (jewfish) 9 3.3.3 Family Trichiuridae (Hairtail) 9 3.3.4 Family Nemipteridae (Threadfin bream) 10 3.3.5 Family Carangidae (scads) 10 3.3.6 Family Mullidae (goatfish) 10 3.3.7 Family Haemulidae (grunter) 11 3.3.8 Family Formionidae (Carangidae) (black pomfret) 11 3.3.9 Family Leiognathidae (pony fish) 11 3.3.10 Family Stromateidae (pomfret) 11 3.3.11 Family Scombridae (mackerels) 12 3.3.12 Family Synodontidae (lizard fish) 12 3.3.13 Family Priacanthidae (bulls eye) 12 3.3, 14 Penaeid -prawns 12 3.3.15 Other Species 13 4. STANDING STOCK ESTIMATION 13 5. PELAGIC FISH 15 6. OCEANOGRAPHY 15 7. OBSERVATIONS OF COMMERCIAL FISHING ACTIVITY IN THE SURVEY AREA 17 8. COMPARISION WITH OTHER CRUISE RESULTS 17 v UST OF TABLES Page 1. Percentage Composition of the Catch by Family for each Depth Zone and for the Total Survey Area (Listed in order of occurrence in the total catch) 3 2. Average Catch Rates Obtained (All species combined) by Depth Strata 6 3. Total Density and Biomass 13 4. Density and Biomass of Penaeid prawns 14 5. Secchi Disc and Surface Water Temperature Measurements 16 LIST OF FIGURES 1. Survey area showing position of stations 20 2. Survey area showing the zones into which pooled length frequency samples were allocated 21 3. Catch rate (kg/30 minutes haul) versus depth of trawling (metres) for Total Catch -All species 22 4. jewfish, Family Sciaenidae 23 5. hairtaiJ, Lepturacanthus sava/a 24 6. catfish, Family Ariidae 25 7. threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus 26 8. goatfish, Upeneus sulphureus 27 9. pony fish, Leiognathus spp. 28 10. indian mackerel, Rastre/liger kanagurta 29 11. lizard fish, Saurida spp. 30 12. bulls eye, Priacanthus sp. 31 13. hard tail scad, Megalaspis cordy/a 32 14. blotched grunter, Pomadasys maculatus 33 15. silver lined grunter, Pomadasys hasta 34 16. white pomfret Pampus argenteus 35 17. Chinese pomfret Pam pus chinensis 36 18. black pomfret Parastromateus niger 37 19. round scad, Decapterus maruadsi 38 20. spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus guttatus 39 21. kuweh trevally, Atropus atropus 40 22. Penaeid prawns 41 23. Distribution of total fish stock over the survey area 42 24. jewfish, Family Sciaenidae 43 25. catfish, Family Ariidae 44 26. hairtail, Lepturacanthus savala 45 27. threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus 46 28. yellow lined goatfish, Upeneus sulphureus 47 29. pony fish, 4eiognathus sp. 48 30. indian mack~rel, Rastrelliger kanagurta 49 vr Page 31. Distribution of lizard fish, Saurida spp. 50 32. bulls eye, Priacanthus sp. 51 33. silver lined grunter, Pomadasys hasta 52 34. white pomfret. Pampus argenteus 53 35. Chinese pomfret Pampus chinensis 54 36. round scad, Decapterus maruadsi 55 37. Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus guttatus 56 38. penaeid prawns 57 39. Length frequency histogram for hairtail, Lepturacanthus sava/a 58 40. kuweh trevally, Atropus atropus 59 41. grunter, Pomadasys hasta 60 42. black pomfret, Parastromateus niger 61 43. white pomfret, Pampus argenteus 62 44. indian mackerel, Rastrelliger kanagurta 63 45. lizard fish, Saurida tumbil 64 46. brown shrimp, Metapenaeus monoceros Male 65 47. brown shrimp, Metapenaeus monoceros Female 66 48. tenpounder, E!ops machnata 67 49. Secchi disc measurements in the survey area 68 50. Observed fishing activity 69 51. Bathythermograph profiles 70 APPENDiX A RESEARCH VESSEL R/V "ANUSANDHAN(" APPENDIX B ENGEL HIGH OPENING BOTTOM TRAWL APPENDIX C SURVEY LOG SHEETS 1. INTRODUCTION In order to understand more about the abundance and distribution of the living mar­ ine resources within the Bangladesh continental shelf, the Bangladesh Government with the assistance of FAO; commenced a comprehensive survey programme in Sep­ tember 1984. Initially, the investigations concentrated on the demersal resources, which were sui-· veyed using a 32m: research vessel with a high opening, demersal fish/shrimp trawl. A series of cruises were planned to cover both the summer monsoon (April-September) and winter (October-March) periods. Due to the widespread influence of the monsoon discharge of the Ganges/Brahmaputra river system into the northern Bay of Bengal, it was important that the survey be conducted during both seasons. This report covers the Eighth of a series of cruises conducted over the winter period. (Note that cruise number seven was not a demersal survey cruise and no report has been prepared for this cruise.) 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 THE SURVEY AREA AND SELECTION OF TRAWL STATIONS The survey area extended from the 10 metre depth contour in the north and east, to the 200 metre depth contour in the south. A line drawn at 45° from the southern tip of St. Martins Island was considered to approximate the Bangladesh/Burmese mar­ ine border in the south east. ln the west the survey area extended to the Bangladesh/ Indian marine border, but in practice no trawling was conducted west of the eastern edge of the "swatch of no ground". The survey area, tcgetJ-,er with the 10,20,30,50, 100, and 200 metre depth contours is outlined on all Figures used in this report. Fifty trawl stations were selected prior to the cruise on a random basis covering the entire survey area. Stations ranged in depth from 15 to 107 metres. The survey area and selected stations are shown in Figure 1. Previous trawl surveys conducted in these waters had found very low catch rates in waters deeper than about 80 metrns. In order to maximise the information obtained from this cruise, it was decided to exclude the 100-200 metre depth zone from this survey. Thus the survey area actually extended from the 10 to the 100 metre. not the 200 metre depth contours. The most practical cruise track to cover these stations was selected by the captain of the research vessel in consultation with the cruise leader. 2.2 THE VESSEL AND GEAR The survey vessel, the R/V "Anusandhani" is a 32.4 metre "multipurpose" research vessel, although principally designed for stern trawling, constructed in Japan in 1979. Details of the vessel are provided in Appendix A. The trawl net used was an Engel high opening fish/shrimp trawl with a cod-end mesh size of 32mm. Details of the fishing gear are provided in Appendix B. 2 A Furuno FUV-11 echo sounder was run continuously throughout the survey cruise.
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